EP0008893B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Markieren von Oberflächen durch Sandstrahlen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Markieren von Oberflächen durch Sandstrahlen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0008893B1
EP0008893B1 EP79301672A EP79301672A EP0008893B1 EP 0008893 B1 EP0008893 B1 EP 0008893B1 EP 79301672 A EP79301672 A EP 79301672A EP 79301672 A EP79301672 A EP 79301672A EP 0008893 B1 EP0008893 B1 EP 0008893B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
abrasive material
stencil
gun
heated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79301672A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0008893A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Bishop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cambio Ragione Sociale identicar Ltd
Original Assignee
PROTEXCAR Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PROTEXCAR Ltd filed Critical PROTEXCAR Ltd
Priority to AT79301672T priority Critical patent/ATE950T1/de
Publication of EP0008893A1 publication Critical patent/EP0008893A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0008893B1 publication Critical patent/EP0008893B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for marking a smooth hard surface with an identification mark.
  • the invention is especially, but not exclusively, concerned with the marking of the glass windows of a vehicle.
  • the portable apparatuses disclosed in the above-referred to Specifications for marking the glass comprise a stencil box which is open at its forward end to receive a stencil assembly, a large aperture in the base of the box leading directly into a container for abrasive material, a compressed air gun mounted at the rear of the box and arranged to direct a jet of air forwardly through an orifice such that the jet of air sucks abrasive material through a tube leading from the base of the container and directs a jet of the abrasive material at the stencil assembly.
  • sand, carborundum possibly as an emulsion with a liquid, might be employed as the abrasive medium.
  • any appropriate source of compressed air may be used.
  • a major problem in marking vehicle windows using known methods is that often the vehicle will have been standing outside in rain, during storage in manufacture or in use, and water on a window, or even a humid atmosphere, seriously impairs the effectiveness of the abrasive material, even if attempts are made to dry the window. It is important that it should be possible to predict accurately the time required to produce an acceptable mark on the window, since if the process is carried out for a time which is insufficient to produce a clear mark it is practically impossible to replace the stencil on the window in exactly the same position. Also, if the process is carried out for too long, the strength of the window may be impaired.
  • a first aspect of the invention in a method of marking a smooth surface by directing a jet of air carrying abrasive material at a stencil held in face-contact with the surface, the air is first dried, and the abrasive material is heated to a predetermined temperature before use.
  • the method may be applied to the marking of any material presenting a smooth hard surface, such as glass, ceramic material, steel, aluminium, glass fibre reinforced plastics or other hard plastics.
  • the temperature of the abrasive material and the time the jet thereof is directed against the surface may be varied according to the material of the surface. This temperature may vary from 10°C for the marking of glass fibre reinforced plastics to 40°C for the marking of steel. Similarly, the pressure of the compressed air may be varied from 2.4 bars for glass fibre reinforced plastics to 10.3 bars for steel.
  • a stream of, dry abrasive material heated to a predetermined temperature is preferably directed onto the vehicle window through a first aperture in a stencil box towards a stencil located in a second aperture of the stencil box and held in face-contact with the vehicle window, the stencil box being provided in its base with a third aperture connected to a pipe for exhaustion of the spent abrasive material.
  • the pipe leads directly to atmosphere but in a possible modified arrangement the material may be re-circulated.
  • the pipe is preferably a flexible pipe which may simply be led to a location clear of the vehicle where the free end is open to atmosphere.
  • the pipe is preferably made as large a diameter as convenient to keep the back-pressure to a minimum.
  • the abrasive material comprises the finings of silica sand of minus 100 mesh.
  • the abrasive material is thoroughly dried and heated before use it is preferably maintained at a temperature of at least 20°C in the case of glass for at least two hours before it is used, and preferably it is then used at that temperature. It has been found that in practice more efficient marking is obtained with hot abrasive material rather than with abrasive that has been heated to dry it and has then cooled.
  • apparatus for carrying out the hereinbefore mentioned method of marking a smooth surface comprises; a container for containing abrasive material, means for heating the material in the container, an air compressor, an air receiver for receiving air under pressure from the compressor, a pipe connection from the air receiver to a blast gun, means for drying the air, means for supplying said gun with heated abrasive material from the container, a' nozzle of said gun, and a stencil holder located in front of said nozzle.
  • a cannister mounted on the gun may be filled manually from the container or the gun may be adapted to suck abrasive material directly from the container.
  • the apparatus is made transportable by being mounted in a vehicle.
  • the compressor may be driven by a separate internal combustion engine or it may be driven by the vehicle engine.
  • the means of heating the abrasive material may be the hot exhaust gases from the vehicle engine or the separate compressor engine. Alternatively, gas or electric heating means may be used.
  • a multistage filter assembly is positioned between the outlet from the air receiver and the blast gun in order to extract any moisture in the compressed air. More than one blast gun may be supplied with compressed air simultaneously.
  • the stencil for marking the desired information on the target surface is preferably adapted to be secured in an aperture in a stencil box.
  • the stencil may comprise a unitary member including the desired symbols or a plurality of members each provided with a letter, figure or other symbol together comprising the desired information.
  • the stencil is preferably made of resilient material such that when mounted in the stencil box it is capable of being deformed against the target surface such as a windscreen.
  • the stencil is mounted in the box such that it is convex outwards before being pressed against a target surface which is flat or convex outwards. This provides a more efficient masking of the parts of the glass adjacent to those parts being marked.
  • a stencil box 1 is formed of mild steel sheet with rivetted and sealed joints to prevent escape of abrasive material close to the operator.
  • the box is provided at one end with a first aperture 2 to receive the nozzle of a conventional compressed- air blast gun 20, and at its other end with a rectangular second aperture 3 and with opposed flanges 4 which form channel-section guides for a stencil 21.
  • a rubber gasket 5 surrounds the first aperture 2 to effect a seal with the body of the blast gun 20, and a rubber gasket assembly 6 effects a seal with the stencil 21.
  • a suitable blast gun is the LODFIELD B.M. pistol.
  • a suitable stencil material is PROFLEX having a polyester film base. The gun is similar to that used for spraying paint modified to include a jet of suitable size for the abrasive material and a hardened nozzle to resist wear.
  • the box 1 is provided with finger supports 7.
  • a sloping front portion 8 of the base of the box 1 is inclined at between 25 to 29° to the horizontal and directs spent abrasive material to a flexible pipe 9 of relatively large diameter leading from a third aperture 10.
  • the pipe 9 is of sufficiently large diameter to promote rapid clearance of used -material, sufficiently long to carry the spent abrasive away from the vehicle and the operator and is open to atmosphere at its lower end.
  • the rubber gasket assembly 6 projects outwardly of the stencil box 1 beyond flanges 4 to hold the resilient stencil in a convex outwards condition.
  • the rubber gasket assembly 6 projects outwardly of the stencil box 1 beyond flanges 4 to hold the resilient stencil in a convex outwards condition.
  • compressed air at approximately 10.3 bars is produced by a petrol engine driven compressor 22 and is fed through a first pressure regulator 23 and non-return valve 24 to a receiver or reservoir 25, and thence through a further pressure regulator or unloader 26 controlling at 6.2 bars and a multistage filter assembly 27 to the blast gun 20.
  • the pressure regulator 26 is manually adjustable and includes a pressure gauge.
  • the compressor 22 and the receiver 25 are fitted with water drain taps 22a and 25a respectively.
  • the filter assembly 27 is designed to produce extremely dry air (99.95% dry) and comprises a conventional coalescing filter having an automatic drain 27a. Such a filter is capable of removing dust and water droplets from the air.
  • the filter assembly 27 comprises a first portion which removes dirt particles larger than five microns in diameter, a second portion comprising a cartridge of glass fibres which traps smaller dirt particles and upon which any water droplets coalesce.
  • the cartridge is enclosed in a polyurethane sock which encourages water droplet growth, the droplets flowing to a sump 27a from which they are drained automatically.
  • a suitable filter assembly 27 is the SPYREX Auto-Drain S.P.2.
  • the compressor 22 and petrol engine 30 driving it are conveniently mounted on the floor 28 of a van together with a heating unit for the abrasive material.
  • the heating unit comprises a metal tray 11 with a lid 11 a, the base of the tray forming the upper wall of a box 12 through which the exhaust gases of the compressor engine 30 pass.
  • the exhaust gas inlet and outlet assemblies 13 and 14 respectively for the exhaust gases each comprise a pair of horizontally spaced apart pipes 15 leading into the box 12, the inlet pipes 15 being more closely spaced than the outlet pipes 15 to provide an even distribution of heat over the base of the tray 11.
  • a vertical pipe 16 connects the exhaust gas outlet assembly 14 to a silencer 29 mounted beneath the van floor 28.
  • the upper and lower walls of box 12 are respectively provided with downwardly and up-wardly extending metal baffle plates, not shown, which alternate with one another to assist in heat extraction from exhaust gases.
  • the temperature of the powder in tray 11 is preferably controlled by a thermostat which may, for example, be used to operate a movable baffle controlling the exhaust gas flow through box 12.
  • the heated powder is removed from the tray 11 by way of an outlet pipe 1 7 having a shutter 18. This pipe enables the canister of the blast gun to be filled manually with hot powder prior to the marking operation.
  • the compressor engine 30 is started and the receiver 25 is charged to the maximum pressure of 10.3 bars when a blowoff valve will operate. Heat from the compressor engine exhaust heats the abrasive material in the tray 11 simultaneously until it reaches a temperature of approximately 20°C. The engine may now be stopped.
  • the registration number of the vehicle to be marked is cut on a stencil machine in the Proflex film which is then inserted into the stencil box 1.
  • the box 1 is then held firmly in position on the vehicle windscreen and the blast gun 20 containing hot abrasive at 20°C is connected into the aperture of the stencil box which is surrounded by the rubber gasket 5.
  • the stencil 21 is now panned by the blast gun firing silica sand abrasive XH29 for approximately 3 to 4 seconds. Any excess dust is blown off by a "blow gun" attachment.
  • the tray 11 for heating the abrasive compound is heated by an electrical element receiving power from batteries or a mains supply.
  • a cylinder of Buthane gas carried by the vehicle may be used to supply a gas burner beneath the tray.
  • the gun 20 draws abrasive material direct from the tray 11 by suction and the material is returned to the tray after use by discharging the pipe 9 into the top of the container.
  • a form of recirculation of the abrasive compound is envisaged although this is not a preferred arrangement.
  • the compressor 22 may be driven by a belt or shaft directly from the vehicle engine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Verfahren zum Markieren einer glatten Oberfläche durch Richten eines schleifendes Material tragenden Luftstrahls auf eine Schablone (21), die in Flächenberührung mit der Oberfläche gehalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luft zuerst getrocknet wird, und dann das schleifende Material erwärmt wird.
2. Verfahren wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, bei dem das schleifende Material bei im wesentlichen der vorbestimmten Temperatur benutzt wird, auf die es erwärmt worden ist.
3. Verfahren zum Markieren eines Glasfensters eines Fahrzeugs mittels eines Stromes schleifenden Materials, das durch Luft getragen und auf das Fahrzeugfenster durch eine Schablone (21), die in einem Schablonenkasten (1) getragen und in Flächenberührung mit dem Fahrzeugfenster gehalten wird, gerichtet wird, wobei die Luft durch eine erste Öffnung (2) in dem Schablonenkasten (1) zur Schablone (21) hin, die in einer zweiten Öffnung (3) des Schablonenkastens (1) angeordnet ist, auf das Fenster gerichtet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luft zuerst getrocknet wird und das schleifende Material vor Gebrauch auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur erwärmt wird, und dadurch, daß der Schablonenkasten (1) in seiner Grundfläche mit einer dritten Öffnung (10) versehen ist, die mit einem Rohr (9) zum Absaugen des verbrauchten schleifenden Materials verbunden ist.
4. Verfahren wie in irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 beansprucht, bei dem das schleifende Material Siliziumdioxyd-Sand ist.
5. Verfahren wie in Anspruch 4 beansprucht, bei dem der Siliziumdioxyd-Sand vor Gebrauch auf zwischen 10 und 40°C erwärmt wird.
6. Verfahren wie in irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 beansprucht, bei dem die Luft Druckluft unter einem Druck von zwischen 2,4 und 10,3 bar ist.
7. Verfahren wie in irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 beansprucht, bei dem das schleifende Material nach Gebrauch zur Atmosphäre abgesaugt wird.
8. Vorrichtung zum Markieren einer glatten Oberfläche durch Richten eines schleifendes Material tragenden Luftstrahls auf diese Oberfläche, die aufweist: eine Sanstrahlpistole (20) mit einer Düse, einen Schablonenhalter (4), der eine vor dieser Düse angeordnete Schablone (21) trägt, und einen Behälter (11) zum Aufnehmen des schleifenden Materials, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung eine Einrichtung (12) (13) (14) zum Erwärmen des Materials im Behälter (11), einen Kompressor (22), um die Druckluftquelle zu liefern, einen Luftkessel (25) zum Aufnehmen der Druckluft, eine Rohrverbindung vom Luftkessel (25) zur Sandstrahlpistole (20), eine Einrichtung (27) zum Trocknen der Luft, und eine Einrichtung (17), um die Pistole (20) mit dem erwärmten schleifenden Material zu versorgen, umfasst.
9. Vorrichtung wie in Anspruch 8 beansprucht, bei der die Einrichtung (27) zum Trocknen der Luft eine zwischen dem Auslaß aus dem Luftkessel (25) und der Sandstrahlpistole (20) angeordnete Einrichtung (27) zum Entziehen von Wasser zum Entziehen jeglicher Feuchtigkeit im Druckluftstrom, der zu der Pistole (20) geht, aufweist.
10. Vorrichtung wie in Anspruch 9 beansprucht, bei der die Einrichtung (27) zum Entziehen von Wasser mit einem automatischen Ablaufgerät (27a) versehen ist.
EP79301672A 1978-08-18 1979-08-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Markieren von Oberflächen durch Sandstrahlen Expired EP0008893B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79301672T ATE950T1 (de) 1978-08-18 1979-08-16 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum markieren von oberflaechen durch sandstrahlen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7833846 1978-08-18
GB3384678 1978-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0008893A1 EP0008893A1 (de) 1980-03-19
EP0008893B1 true EP0008893B1 (de) 1982-05-05

Family

ID=10499145

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79301672A Expired EP0008893B1 (de) 1978-08-18 1979-08-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Markieren von Oberflächen durch Sandstrahlen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0008893B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE950T1 (de)
DE (1) DE2962704D1 (de)
GB (1) GB2028192B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2593735B1 (fr) * 1986-02-04 1991-02-01 Violet Jean Claude Tete de marquage par jet d'abrasif et son systeme de recyclage
DE8907765U1 (de) * 1989-06-24 1989-10-05 Keizers, geb. Kalle, Sigrid, 46325 Borken Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Flüssigkeit aus körnigen oder granulatförmigen Strahlmitteln
FR2710865B1 (fr) * 1993-10-06 1995-12-29 L H Finances Dispositif de tatouage de surfaces.
US11485668B2 (en) * 2019-08-09 2022-11-01 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Glass form and marking

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2608800A (en) * 1951-08-27 1952-09-02 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Marking surface
US2858653A (en) * 1956-02-17 1958-11-04 Texas Co Abrading objects
CH386274A (de) * 1959-11-14 1964-12-31 Fischer Ag Georg Verfahren zur Beseitigung der elektrostatischen Aufladung von Strahlmittelteilchen beim Behandeln von Werkstücken in Strahlanlagen
DE1112302B (de) * 1960-07-28 1961-08-03 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur Reinigung der Heizflaechen von hinter Roestoefen angeordneten Abhitzekesseln
US3440082A (en) * 1965-03-29 1969-04-22 Smith Corp A O Method of removing scale from ferrous articles prior to coating
US3377749A (en) * 1965-09-10 1968-04-16 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Abrasive marking

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2028192A (en) 1980-03-05
EP0008893A1 (de) 1980-03-19
GB2028192B (en) 1982-08-18
DE2962704D1 (en) 1982-06-24
ATE950T1 (de) 1982-05-15

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