EP0007465B1 - Lining for combustion chambers - Google Patents

Lining for combustion chambers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0007465B1
EP0007465B1 EP79102202A EP79102202A EP0007465B1 EP 0007465 B1 EP0007465 B1 EP 0007465B1 EP 79102202 A EP79102202 A EP 79102202A EP 79102202 A EP79102202 A EP 79102202A EP 0007465 B1 EP0007465 B1 EP 0007465B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
retaining member
inner chamber
layers
outer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79102202A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0007465A1 (en
Inventor
August Tillmann
Hermann Dr. Bottenbruch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karrena GmbH
Original Assignee
Karrena GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19782832080 external-priority patent/DE2832080B2/en
Priority claimed from DE19782832079 external-priority patent/DE2832079B1/en
Application filed by Karrena GmbH filed Critical Karrena GmbH
Priority to AT79102202T priority Critical patent/ATE522T1/en
Publication of EP0007465A1 publication Critical patent/EP0007465A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0007465B1 publication Critical patent/EP0007465B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/144—Supports for ceramic fibre materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lining for combustion chambers, in particular for high-temperature industrial furnaces, with mats made of temperature-resistant material arranged one above the other and parallel to the wall of the furnace, the layers forming an outer layer delimiting the interior of the furnace and a plurality of inner layers, with the layers penetrating the layers , on the wall of the combustion chamber fasteners in the form of pins, with a mounting element placed on a pin and penetrating the outer layer and at least the adjacent inner layer, with an annular flange on the combustion chamber side of the outer layer on the holding element and with one in the holding element trained and accessible from the combustion chamber side interior, at the end of which the pin enters through a hole in the holding member and is secured against leaving the hole by means of a holding element, the part protruding into the interior Pin initially extends to about the level of the outer layer and the interior of the holding member contains insulating material.
  • the mats can be arranged side by side either parallel or also perpendicular to the respective combustion chamber wall. If the mats are arranged in parallel, an outer layer facing the combustion chamber and one or more inner layers will result.
  • brackets and the holding elements can withstand temperatures of around 1100 ° C, the mats themselves tolerate temperature loads of up to 1500 ° C, since they are usually made of a ceramic fiber. Even if the brackets, including the holding elements, are made of steel that can be subjected to high temperatures, the permissible temperature load is approximately 1100 ° C.
  • the temperatures occurring in the furnace can at least partially be higher, which at least cannot always be precisely controlled if the temperature limit given by the limit temperature for the brackets is to be exploited as far as possible.
  • the temperature limit given by the limit temperature for the brackets is to be exploited as far as possible.
  • parts of the brackets or the holding elements are directly exposed to such high temperatures and scale or burn up, this leads to a loosening of the holding elements and thus also to a detachment of the position of the lining which directly delimits the interior.
  • pins or pencil parts made of ceramic material is disadvantageous because the ceramic material is very brittle and often does not adequately withstand mechanical stresses.
  • the production of ceramic parts is more complex than the production of metallic parts.
  • the mat layers medium are attached to a holding member, which in turn has the shape of a holding pot.
  • a metallic pin fastened to the wall of the firing chamber is provided in the area of its end opposite the fastening position with groove-shaped incisions, while in the bottom of the holding pot a flat shape of the pin is formed on the slot. You can slide the holding pot onto the flat pin as far as necessary and turn it 90 ° in the desired position. The edge region of the slots at the bottom of the holding pot then engages in the nu-shaped incisions of the pin, so that the holding pot can no longer be removed from the pin.
  • a holding pot made of ceramic material is also used for fastening the mat layers.
  • the holding gate penetrates several layers of mat and protrudes relatively deep into the lining. It is attached using a screw that penetrates the bottom of the holding pot a nut is screwed onto the end. It is particularly disadvantageous here that the screw is significantly shorter than the total thickness of the lining.
  • the closest mat layers facing the combustion chamber cannot be held by the screw during assembly, but must be held in place with other aids until the innermost mat layer is also laid and the holding pot can be put on. The assembly is therefore very cumbersome and time consuming. It is also difficult to put the mother through the relatively long interior of the holding pot.
  • the object of the invention was to design a lining of the type mentioned at the outset using simple means in such a way that, on the one hand, particularly simple assembly is ensured, while, on the other hand, the outlay for protecting metallic parts of the holder against heat radiation is further reduced.
  • the invention proposes two possibilities, one of which is that the part of the pin which projects into the interior and is no longer required for the fastening effect after completion of the assembly is connected to it by a predetermined breaking point.
  • the second possibility proposed by the invention is that the part of the pin which projects into the interior and is no longer required for the fastening effect after the assembly has been completed is formed by a sleeve which can be plugged onto the pin.
  • the individual mat layers can be held in place in the required manner during assembly, without the need for further aids or without the holding pot also having to be installed at the same time as the mats are placed on the mat. Rather, all mat layers can be placed one above the other. Only then do you need to mount the holding pots. The result is a particularly simple and quick assembly.
  • the pin part that is no longer required for the fastening effect is finally broken off or the sleeve forming this pin part is pulled off, the end of the metallic pin remaining in the bottom region of the holding pot can be protected against inadmissibly high heat with relatively little effort. In any case, there is a sufficiently large distance from the inside of the uppermost mat layer that delimits the combustion chamber.
  • the material of the broken-off pin part can be used to produce further pins. If you use sleeves, you can use them all the time.
  • the sleeve can each consist of a simple material that does not need to have any particular temperature resistance. If necessary, the sleeve can even be made of plastic.
  • each individual mat layer is secured against slipping off, for example by means of cams on the metallic pins, such a securing in the area of the pin part which can be removed later can advantageously be carried out with the aid of rubber washers, since these are also on a smooth outer surface of the pin or Sleeve adheres well.
  • the holding elements will generally be disc-shaped and have an elongated hole, so that they can be slid over latching cams arranged diametrically on the circumference of the remaining pin part and a lock is produced after rotation of the holding element by 90 °.
  • an appropriately designed holding element in the form of a disk can be used to fasten the holding pot, the edge of which is bent up at two preferably opposite points. This bending up makes it easier to handle the disc at the bottom of the holding pot. In particular, a simple release is also possible if this should become necessary after the first assembly.
  • the holding pot has a slightly conical cross section which tapers towards the bottom of the pot.
  • the holding pot can also have an outwardly projecting ring shoulder at its end facing the combustion chamber. This can be used to hold the outer layer immediately;
  • a ring which increases the supporting surface to be placed on the ring shoulder it is also conceivable for a ring which increases the supporting surface to be placed on the ring shoulder.
  • the fiber material used to manufacture the mats does not always withstand the higher flow velocities of the flue gas passing through the combustion chamber to a sufficient extent. This applies to a greater extent if the flue gas carries small foreign bodies with it. The result is a relatively quick wear of the mat material.
  • the shrinkage of the last mat layer is often unpleasantly strong, especially when the temperature resistance is used as far as possible. This can lead to the formation of cracks or gaps and possibly even tearing out of the mat material in the area of the holding pots.
  • Ceramic material in particular can serve as the lightweight building material, the layer expediently being designed as a plate-shaped protective layer.
  • the mats are adequately protected against the direct impact of higher flow velocities of the flue gas and against any foreign bodies contained therein.
  • the inside of the holding pot is expediently lined with a stopper formed from ceramic fiber material and a binder.
  • a particularly simple method for producing the lining also falls within the scope of the invention.
  • This method is characterized in that the layers are attached to the pins and fastened with the holding elements, that the mat material surrounding the removable part of the pin is removed and a recess is made for the holding pot, that the outer part of the pin is removed, that then the holding pot is inserted and fastened to the remaining part of the pin, and finally the holding pot is filled with insulating material.
  • Disc-shaped holding elements located on the part of the pin that is subsequently to be removed can at the same time also serve as a guide for the hollow drill if they are dimensioned accordingly. After the drill has been removed, the removable part of the pin, including the separated mat material still held by the holding elements, can be removed.
  • the pane is glued to the inside of the holding pot from the inside by means of an adhesive or mortar, the adhesive effect of which diminishes or disappears completely when exposed to a predetermined temperature and / or after a predetermined time and that the holding pot is then placed on the pin and rotated with the cams on the pin until the disc is locked.
  • the adhesive connection may already loosen by itself.
  • an adhesive can be selected whose adhesive effect diminishes or disappears due to the influence of temperature.
  • a combustion chamber 10 has a wall 11 to which pins 12 made of metal that can be subjected to high temperatures are welded at regular intervals. A part 13 of the pin 12 facing the combustion chamber 10 can be separated at a predetermined breaking point 14.
  • the lining is formed from layers 15 running parallel to the wall 11 of the furnace 10 in the form of mats which are made of ceramic fibers and can therefore withstand very high temperatures.
  • the layers 15 are pushed onto the pins 12 one after the other, the individual layers 15 being supported on the pins 12 by retaining elements 16 in the form of disks or plates.
  • the holding elements 16 are fastened to the pins 12 by means of a clamping action or by means of a corresponding latching connection by rotating 90 °, the latching cams provided for this purpose on the pins 12 not being shown.
  • Fig. 1 four essential process sections for the production of the lining are shown. So far, the attachment of the individual layers 15 and the fastening thereof using the holding elements 16 and the rubber washers 17 have been described. This process section corresponds to the representation of the lining in the area of the left pin 12.
  • the mat material surrounding the area of the part 13 is then cut free by means of a hollow drill, as is shown in connection with the second pin 12 in FIG. 1.
  • a hollow drill After removing the hollow drill, either the cut material including the rubber washers 17 can be removed first. This is followed by the insertion of a holding pot 18 with the aid of a disk 19 which is bent up at its edges.
  • part 13 of pin 12 has still been used as a guide for holding pot 18.
  • a stopper 20 made of ceramic fiber material and a binder is inserted into the interior of the holding pot 18.
  • the holding pot 18 has a conical cross section which tapers towards the bottom of the pot, and is otherwise made from the lightest possible refractory material. At its end facing the combustion chamber 10, the holding pot 18 has a ring extension 21, on which a ring 22, which increases the supporting surface, is placed.
  • the disk 19 can be glued to the bottom of the holding pot 18 beforehand, so that after being placed on the pin 12, it is taken along by rotating the holding pot 18.
  • the ring projections 21 of the holding pots 18 can carry plates made of high-temperature-resistant lightweight building material, which essentially cover the outer layer 15 and thus protect the fiber material against any flue gas influence. However, such plates can also rest on the ring extensions 21 in addition to the rings 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Auskleidung für Feuerungsräume, insbesondere für Hochtemperatur-Industrieöfen, mit in mehreren Lagen übereinander und parallel zur Wand des Feuerungsraumes angeordneten Matten aus temperaturbeständigem Material, wobei die Lagen eine den Innenraum des Feuerungsraumes begrenzende Aussenlage und mehrere Innenlagen bilden, mit die Lagen durchsetzenden, an der Wand des Feuerungsraumes befestigten Halterungen in Form von Stiften, mit einem jeweils auf einen Stift aufgesetzten und die Aussenlage und mindestens noch die angrenzende Innenlage durchsetzenden Halteorgan, mit einem an der Feuerungsraumseite der Aussenlage angreifenden Ringflansch an dem Halteorgan und mit einem in dem Halteorgan ausgebildeten und von der Feuerungsraumseite her zugänglichen Innenraum, an dessen Ende der Stift durch eine Bohrung in das Halteorgan eintritt und gegen ein Verlassen der Bohrung mittels eines Halteelementes gesichert ist, wobei sich der in den Innenraum hineinragende Teil des Stiftes zunächst bis etwa in Höhe der Aussenlage erstreckt und der Innenraum des Halteorgans Isoliermaterial enthält.The invention relates to a lining for combustion chambers, in particular for high-temperature industrial furnaces, with mats made of temperature-resistant material arranged one above the other and parallel to the wall of the furnace, the layers forming an outer layer delimiting the interior of the furnace and a plurality of inner layers, with the layers penetrating the layers , on the wall of the combustion chamber fasteners in the form of pins, with a mounting element placed on a pin and penetrating the outer layer and at least the adjacent inner layer, with an annular flange on the combustion chamber side of the outer layer on the holding element and with one in the holding element trained and accessible from the combustion chamber side interior, at the end of which the pin enters through a hole in the holding member and is secured against leaving the hole by means of a holding element, the part protruding into the interior Pin initially extends to about the level of the outer layer and the interior of the holding member contains insulating material.

Bei einer derartigen Auskleidung können die Matten nebeneinanderliegend entweder parallel oder auch senkrecht stehend zu der jeweiligen Feuerungsraumwand angeordnet werden. Bei paralleler Anordnung der Matten werden sich eine dem Feuerungsraum zugewandte Aussenlage und eine oder mehrere Innenlagen ergeben.With such a lining, the mats can be arranged side by side either parallel or also perpendicular to the respective combustion chamber wall. If the mats are arranged in parallel, an outer layer facing the combustion chamber and one or more inner layers will result.

Wenn bei derart aufgebauten Auskleidungen die Halterungen alle Lagen, und zwar auch die den Innenraum des Feuerungsraums begrenzende Aussenlage, durchsetzen müssen, ist es nachteilig, dass die Enden der Halterungen und auch die Halteelemente der Wärmestrahlung ausgesetzt sind und verzundern und/oder eine ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit nicht mehr vorhanden ist. Es können zwar die Halterungen und die Halteelemente Temperaturen von etwa 1100°C standhalten, die Matten selbst jedoch vertragen Temperaturbelastungen bis zu 1500°C, da sie meist aus einer keramischen Faser hergestellt sind. Auch wenn man die Halterungen einschliesslich der Halteelemente aus hochtemperaturbeanspruchbarem Stahl herstellt, ergibt sich als zulässige Temperaturbeanspruchung ein Wert von etwa 1100°C. Die im Feuerungsraum auftretenden Temperaturen können zumindest teilweise jedoch auch höher sein, was sich zumindest dann nicht immer genau steuern lässt, wenn man die durch die Grenztemperatur für die Halterungen gegebene Temperaturgrenze soweit wie möglich ausnutzen will. Wenn aber Teile der Halterungen bzw. die Halteelemente derart hohen Temperaturen unmittelbar ausgesetzt sind und verzundern oder verglühen, führt dies zu einem Lösen der Halteelemente und damit auch zu einem Ablösen der den Innenraum unmittelbar begrenzenden Lage der Auskleidung.If liners constructed in this way have to pass through all layers, including the outer layer delimiting the interior of the combustion chamber, it is disadvantageous that the ends of the holders and also the holding elements are exposed to heat radiation and scale and / or have sufficient mechanical strength is no longer available. Although the brackets and the holding elements can withstand temperatures of around 1100 ° C, the mats themselves tolerate temperature loads of up to 1500 ° C, since they are usually made of a ceramic fiber. Even if the brackets, including the holding elements, are made of steel that can be subjected to high temperatures, the permissible temperature load is approximately 1100 ° C. However, the temperatures occurring in the furnace can at least partially be higher, which at least cannot always be precisely controlled if the temperature limit given by the limit temperature for the brackets is to be exploited as far as possible. However, if parts of the brackets or the holding elements are directly exposed to such high temperatures and scale or burn up, this leads to a loosening of the holding elements and thus also to a detachment of the position of the lining which directly delimits the interior.

Es ist aus der DE-B-20 10 674 eine Auskleidung bekannt, deren in parallel zur Wandung des Feue rungsraumes in Lagen angeordnete Matten mi Hilfe von zweiteiligen Stiften und einem an freien Ende des Stiftes jeweils befestigten Hal teorgan in Form einer Scheibe gehalten werden Der eine Teil des Stiftes ist ein metallischer Stift teil, der mit einem Aussengewinde versehen unI an die Wand des Feuerungsraumes ange schweisst ist. Der andere Stiftteil besteht aus ke ramischem Material und kann auf den metalli sehen Stiftteil aufgeschraubt werden.It is known from DE-B-20 10 674 a liner, the mats arranged in layers parallel to the wall of the fire chamber with the help of two-part pins and one each attached to the free end of the pin Hal teorgan held in the form of a disc part of the pin is a metallic pin part, which is provided with an external thread and I is welded to the wall of the furnace. The other pin part is made of ceramic material and can be screwed onto the metal pin part.

Die Verwendung von Stiften oder Stiftteilei aus keramischem Material ist nachteilig, weil dai keramische Material sehr spröde ist und mecha nischen Beanspruchungen vielfach nicht ausrei chend standhält. Auch ist die Fertigung kerami scher Teile aufwendiger als die Fertigung metalli scher Teile.The use of pins or pencil parts made of ceramic material is disadvantageous because the ceramic material is very brittle and often does not adequately withstand mechanical stresses. The production of ceramic parts is more complex than the production of metallic parts.

Es ist ferner aus der DE-A-28 01 587 eine Aus kleidung bekannt, deren Mattenlagen mittel; eines Halteorganes befestigt sind, das seinerseits die Form eines Haltetopfes hat. Ein an der Wan< des Feuerungsraumes befestigter metallische Stift ist im Bereich seines der Befestigungsstelli gegenüberliegenden Endes mit nutenförmigei Einschnitten versehen, während im Boden de Haltetopfes ein der flachen Form des Stiftes an gepasster Schlitz ausgebildet ist. Man kann dei Haltetopf so weit wie erforderlich auf den flachei Stift aufschieben und in der gewünschten Lag um 90° drehen. Der Randbereich des Schlitze am Boden des Haltetopfes greift dann in die nu tenförmigen Einschnitte des Stiftes ein, so das der Haltetopf nicht mehr von dem Stift abgezo gen werden kann.It is also known from DE-A-28 01 587 from clothing, the mat layers medium; are attached to a holding member, which in turn has the shape of a holding pot. A metallic pin fastened to the wall of the firing chamber is provided in the area of its end opposite the fastening position with groove-shaped incisions, while in the bottom of the holding pot a flat shape of the pin is formed on the slot. You can slide the holding pot onto the flat pin as far as necessary and turn it 90 ° in the desired position. The edge region of the slots at the bottom of the holding pot then engages in the nu-shaped incisions of the pin, so that the holding pot can no longer be removed from the pin.

Nach dieser Montage befindet sich im Innen raum des Haltetopfes das freie Ende des Stiftes Um dieses auch nur halbwegs gegen den Einflus von unmittelbarer Wärmestrahlung aus den Feuerungsraum zu schützen, ist ein Füllen des In nenraums mit Isoliermaterial erforderlich. Die bedeutet einen zusätzlichen technischen Auf wand, was nachteilig ist. Ferner ergibt sich ei unnötiger Aufwand insoweit, als ein Teil des Stif tes nach der Montage nicht mehr benötigt wir und das für diesen Teil verwendete und verhält nismässig teure Material hätte eingespart wer den können. Das Abbrechen des Stiftes im Be reich einer der Einschnitte ist nicht möglich, d der in Höhe der Einschnitte verbleibende Quer schnittsteil in jedem Fall so stark verbleibe muss, dass er im Bedarfsfall die ganze, vom Hal tetopf ausgehende Belastung aufnehmen kanrAfter this installation, the free end of the pin is located in the interior of the holding pot. In order to protect it halfway against the influence of direct heat radiation from the combustion chamber, it is necessary to fill the interior with insulating material. That means an additional technical effort, which is disadvantageous. Furthermore, there is an unnecessary effort insofar as a part of the pin is no longer required after installation and the material used and relatively expensive for this part could have been saved. It is not possible to break off the pin in the area of one of the incisions, so that the cross-sectional part remaining at the level of the incisions must remain so strong in any case that it can absorb the entire load from the holding pot if necessary

Bei einer weiteren bekannteren Ausführungs form (DE-A-27 57 903) wird ebenfalls ein Halte topf aus keramischem Material für die Befest gung der Mattenlagen verwendet. Der Haltetor durchsetzt mehrere Mattenlagen und ragt vei hältnismässig tief in die Auskleidung hinein. Se ne Befestigung erfolgt mit Hilfe einer SchraubE die den Boden des Haltetopfes durchsetzt un auf deren Ende eine Mutter aufgeschraubt ist. Hierbei ist es besonders nachteilig, dass die Schraube wesentlich kürzer ist, als es der Gesamtstärke der Auskleidung entspricht. Die dem Feuerungsraum zugewandten nächstliegenden Mattenlagen können während der Montage nicht durch die Schraube gehalten werden, sondern müssen mit anderen Hilfsmitteln so lange in ihrer Lage gehalten werden, bis auch die innerste Mattenlage verlegt ist und der Haltetopf aufgesetzt werden kann. Die Montage ist deshalb sehr umständlich und zeitaufwendig. Auch ist das Aufsetzen der Mutter durch den verhältnismässig langen Innenraum des Haltetopfes hindurch schwierig.In a further known embodiment (DE-A-27 57 903), a holding pot made of ceramic material is also used for fastening the mat layers. The holding gate penetrates several layers of mat and protrudes relatively deep into the lining. It is attached using a screw that penetrates the bottom of the holding pot a nut is screwed onto the end. It is particularly disadvantageous here that the screw is significantly shorter than the total thickness of the lining. The closest mat layers facing the combustion chamber cannot be held by the screw during assembly, but must be held in place with other aids until the innermost mat layer is also laid and the holding pot can be put on. The assembly is therefore very cumbersome and time consuming. It is also difficult to put the mother through the relatively long interior of the holding pot.

Hiervon ausgehend lag der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Auskleidung der eingangs genannten Art mit einfachen Mitteln so auszubilden, dass einerseits eine besonders einfache Montage gewährleistet ist, während andererseits der Aufwand für den Schutz metallischer Teile der Halterung gegen Wärmestrahlung weiter herabgesetzt wird.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention was to design a lining of the type mentioned at the outset using simple means in such a way that, on the one hand, particularly simple assembly is ensured, while, on the other hand, the outlay for protecting metallic parts of the holder against heat radiation is further reduced.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung zwei Möglichkeiten vor, von denen eine darin besteht, dass der in den Innenraum hineinragende, nach Abschluss der Montage für die Befestigungswirkung nicht mehr benötigte Teil des Stiftes mit diesem durch eine Sollbruchstelle verbunden ist.To achieve this object, the invention proposes two possibilities, one of which is that the part of the pin which projects into the interior and is no longer required for the fastening effect after completion of the assembly is connected to it by a predetermined breaking point.

Die zweite von der Erfindung vorgeschlagene Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass der in den Innenraum hineinragende, nach Abschluss der Montage für die Befestigungswirkung nicht mehr benötigte Teil des Stiftes durch eine auf den Stift aufsteckbare Hülse gebildet ist.The second possibility proposed by the invention is that the part of the pin which projects into the interior and is no longer required for the fastening effect after the assembly has been completed is formed by a sleeve which can be plugged onto the pin.

Bei beiden Ausführungsformen können die einzelnen Mattenlagen während der Montage in der erforderlichen Weise festgehalten werden, ohne dass es hierzu weiterer Hilfsmittel bedarf oder dass gleichzeitig mit dem Auflegen der Matten jeweils auch der Haltetopf montiert werden muss. Vielmehr können zunächst alle Mattenlagen übereinander gelegt werden. Erst dann braucht man die Haltetöpfe zu montieren. Es ergibt sich eine besonders einfache und schnelle Montage. Wenn schliesslich der für die Befestigungswirkung nicht mehr benötigte Stiftteil abgebrochen oder die diesen Stiftteil bildende Hülse abgezogen wird, lässt sich das im Bodenbereich des Haltetopfes verbleibende Ende des metallischen Stiftes mit verhältnismässig geringem Aufwand gegen eine unzulässig hohe Wärmeeinwirkung schützen. In jedem Fall ist ein ausreichend grosser Abstand zu der den Feuerungsraum begrenzenden Innenseite der obersten Mattenlage vorhanden. Es ergibt sich weiterhin der Vorteil, dass das Material des abgebrochenen Stiftteils zur Herstellung weiterer Stifte verwendet werden kann. Benutzt man Hülsen, so kann man diese ständig verwenden.In both embodiments, the individual mat layers can be held in place in the required manner during assembly, without the need for further aids or without the holding pot also having to be installed at the same time as the mats are placed on the mat. Rather, all mat layers can be placed one above the other. Only then do you need to mount the holding pots. The result is a particularly simple and quick assembly. When the pin part that is no longer required for the fastening effect is finally broken off or the sleeve forming this pin part is pulled off, the end of the metallic pin remaining in the bottom region of the holding pot can be protected against inadmissibly high heat with relatively little effort. In any case, there is a sufficiently large distance from the inside of the uppermost mat layer that delimits the combustion chamber. There is also the advantage that the material of the broken-off pin part can be used to produce further pins. If you use sleeves, you can use them all the time.

Im übrigen kann die Hülse jeweils aus einfachem Material bestehen, das keine besondere Temperaturbeanspruchbarkeit aufzuweisen braucht. Gegebenenfalls kann die Hülse sogar aus Kunststoff hergestellt sein.Otherwise, the sleeve can each consist of a simple material that does not need to have any particular temperature resistance. If necessary, the sleeve can even be made of plastic.

Wenn bei der Montage jede einzelne Mattenlage zum Beispiel mittels Nocken an den metallischen Stiften gegen ein Abrutschen gesichert ist, so kann eine derartige Sicherung im Bereich des später entfernbaren Stiftteils vorteilhaft mit Hilfe von Gummischeiben erfolgen, da diese auch auf einer glatten Aussenfläche des Stiftes oder der Hülse gut haftet.If, during assembly, each individual mat layer is secured against slipping off, for example by means of cams on the metallic pins, such a securing in the area of the pin part which can be removed later can advantageously be carried out with the aid of rubber washers, since these are also on a smooth outer surface of the pin or Sleeve adheres well.

Die Halteelemente werden im allgemeinen scheibenförmig ausgebildet sein und ein Langloch aufweisen, so dass ein Überschieben über am Umfang des verbleibenden Stiftteils diametral angeordnete Rastnocken möglich ist und nach einer Drehung des Halteelementes um 90° eine Verriegelung hergestellt wird. Zur Befestigung des Haltetopfes kann erfindungsgemäss ein entsprechend ausgebildetes Halteelement in Form einer Scheibe dienen, deren Rand an zwei vorzugsweise gegenüberliegenden Stellen hochgebogen ist. Durch dieses Hochbiegen wird die Handhabung der Scheibe am Boden des Haltetopfes erleichtert. Insbesondere ist auch ein einfaches Lösen möglich, falls dies nach einer ersten Montage noch erforderlich werden sollte.The holding elements will generally be disc-shaped and have an elongated hole, so that they can be slid over latching cams arranged diametrically on the circumference of the remaining pin part and a lock is produced after rotation of the holding element by 90 °. According to the invention, an appropriately designed holding element in the form of a disk can be used to fasten the holding pot, the edge of which is bent up at two preferably opposite points. This bending up makes it easier to handle the disc at the bottom of the holding pot. In particular, a simple release is also possible if this should become necessary after the first assembly.

Günstig ist es ferner, wenn der Haltetopf einen leicht kegeligen und sich zum Topfboden hin verjüngenden Querschnitt hat. Auch kann der Haltetopf an seinem dem Feuerungsraum zugewandten Ende einen nach aussen ragenden Ringansatz aufweisen. Dieser kann zum unmittelbaren Halten der Aussenlage dienen; es ist aber gemäss einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung auch denkbar, dass auf den Ringansatz ein die tragende Fläche vergrössernder Ring aufgelegt ist.It is also favorable if the holding pot has a slightly conical cross section which tapers towards the bottom of the pot. The holding pot can also have an outwardly projecting ring shoulder at its end facing the combustion chamber. This can be used to hold the outer layer immediately; However, according to a further proposal of the invention, it is also conceivable for a ring which increases the supporting surface to be placed on the ring shoulder.

Für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle ist es denkbar, dass das zur Herstellung der Matten verwendete Fasermaterial höheren Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des den Feuerungsraum durchsetzenden Rauchgases nicht immer in ausreichendem Masse standhält. Dies gilt in verstärktem Masse, wenn das Rauchgas kleine Fremdkörper mit sich führt. Ein relativ schneller Verschleiss des Mattenmaterials ist die Folge.For certain applications it is conceivable that the fiber material used to manufacture the mats does not always withstand the higher flow velocities of the flue gas passing through the combustion chamber to a sufficient extent. This applies to a greater extent if the flue gas carries small foreign bodies with it. The result is a relatively quick wear of the mat material.

Auch ist die Schrumpfung gerade der letzten Mattenlage insbesondere bei möglichst weitgehender Ausnutzung der Temperaturbeständigkeit oft unangenehm stark. Dies kann zu Riss- oder Fugenbildung und gegebenenfalls sogar auch zum Ausreissen des Mattenmaterials im Bereich der Haltetöpfe führen.Also, the shrinkage of the last mat layer is often unpleasantly strong, especially when the temperature resistance is used as far as possible. This can lead to the formation of cracks or gaps and possibly even tearing out of the mat material in the area of the holding pots.

Aber auch diese Schwierigkeiten lassen sich gemäss einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung dadurch beseitigen, dass mittels der Haltetöpfe eine die Aussenseite der Matten im wesentlichen abdeckende Schicht aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Leichtbaustoff gehalten ist.However, according to a further proposal of the invention, these difficulties can also be eliminated by holding a layer of high-temperature-resistant lightweight building material which essentially covers the outside of the mats by means of the holding pots.

Als Leichtbaustoff kann insbesondere keramisches Material dienen, wobei die Schicht zweckmässig als plattenförmige Schutzlage ausgebildet ist. In jedem Fall sind die Matten gegen direkte Einwirkung höherer Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des Rauchgases und gegen gegebenenfalls in diesem enthaltene Fremdkörper ausreichend geschützt.Ceramic material in particular can serve as the lightweight building material, the layer expediently being designed as a plate-shaped protective layer. In any case, the mats are adequately protected against the direct impact of higher flow velocities of the flue gas and against any foreign bodies contained therein.

Weiterhin wird erfindungsgemäss vorgeschlagen, dass das Innere des Haltetopfes zweckmässig mit einem aus keramischem Fasermaterial und einem Binder gebildeten Stopfen ausgekleidet wird.Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention that the inside of the holding pot is expediently lined with a stopper formed from ceramic fiber material and a binder.

In den Rahmen der Erfindung fällt auch ein besonders einfaches Verfahren zum Herstellen der Auskleidung. Dieses Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lagen auf die Stifte aufgesteckt und mit den Halteelementen befestigt werden, dass das den entfernbaren Teil des Stiftes umgebende Mattenmaterial entfernt und eine Aussparung für den Haltetopf hergestellt wird, dass der äussere Teil des Stiftes entfernt wird, dass dann der Haltetopf eingesetzt und am verbleibenden Stiftteil befestigt wird und dass schliesslich der Haltetopf mit Isoliermaterial gefüllt wird. In dieser Folge ergibt sich eine besonders zweckmässige und einfache Montage, wobei es besonders günstig ist, wenn das Herstellen der Aussparung um den entfernbaren Teil des Stiftes herum mittels eines Hohlbohrers erfolgt. Auf dem anschliessend zu entfernenden Teil des Stiftes befindliche scheibenförmige Halteelemente können hierbei gleichzeitig auch als Führung für den Hohlbohrer dienen, wenn sie entsprechend bemessen sind. Nach dem Herausnehmen des Bohrers können der entfernbare Teil des Stiftes einschliesslich des noch von den Halteelementen gehaltenen abgetrennten Mattenmaterials herausgenommen werden.A particularly simple method for producing the lining also falls within the scope of the invention. This method is characterized in that the layers are attached to the pins and fastened with the holding elements, that the mat material surrounding the removable part of the pin is removed and a recess is made for the holding pot, that the outer part of the pin is removed, that then the holding pot is inserted and fastened to the remaining part of the pin, and finally the holding pot is filled with insulating material. This results in a particularly expedient and simple assembly, it being particularly favorable if the recess is made around the removable part of the pin by means of a hollow drill. Disc-shaped holding elements located on the part of the pin that is subsequently to be removed can at the same time also serve as a guide for the hollow drill if they are dimensioned accordingly. After the drill has been removed, the removable part of the pin, including the separated mat material still held by the holding elements, can be removed.

Zwecks weiterer Erleichterung der Montage wird erfindungsgemäss weiterhin vorgeschlagen, dass zur Montage des Haltetopfes die Scheibe mittels eines Klebstoffes oder Mörtels, dessen Klebwirkung bei Einwirkung einer vorgegebenen Temperatur und/oder nach einer vorgegebenen Zeit nachlässt oder ganz verschwindet, von innen am Boden des Haltetopfes aufgeklebt wird und dass der Haltetopf anschliessend auf den Stift aufgesteckt und bis zur Verrastung der Scheibe mit den auf dem Stift befindlichen Nocken gedreht wird.In order to further facilitate assembly, it is further proposed according to the invention that for mounting the holding pot, the pane is glued to the inside of the holding pot from the inside by means of an adhesive or mortar, the adhesive effect of which diminishes or disappears completely when exposed to a predetermined temperature and / or after a predetermined time and that the holding pot is then placed on the pin and rotated with the cams on the pin until the disc is locked.

Diese Massnahme ermöglicht eine Vorfertigung insoweit, als die Haltetöpfe bereits am Ort ihrer Herstellung mit der Scheibe versehen werden können. Es lassen sich dann die Haltetöpfe am Montageort sehr einfach und schnell an den Stiften befestigen.This measure enables prefabrication insofar as the holding pots can be provided with the disc at the point of their manufacture. The holding pots can then be attached to the pins very easily and quickly at the installation site.

Da das zur Herstellung der Haltetöpfe zu verwendende keramische Material und das für die Scheibe meist verwendete metallische Material unterschiedliche Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten haben, ist es denkbar, dass sich aufgrund der im Betrieb erfolgenden Erwärmung die Klebverbindung eventuell bereits von selbst löst. Um aber sicherzustellen, dass es aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten in keinem Fall zu nachteiligen Auswirkungen kommt, kann ein Klebstoff gewählt werden, dessen Klebwirkung aufgrund des Temperatureinflusses nachlässt oder schwindet. Alternativ wäre es auch denkbar, einen Klebstoff zu verwenden, dessen Klebwirkung nach einer vorgegebenen Zeit selbsttätig nachlässt.Since the ceramic material to be used for the production of the holding pots and the metallic material mostly used for the disk have different coefficients of thermal expansion, it is conceivable that due to the heating occurring during operation, the adhesive connection may already loosen by itself. However, in order to ensure that there are no adverse effects due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion, an adhesive can be selected whose adhesive effect diminishes or disappears due to the influence of temperature. As an alternative, it would also be conceivable to use an adhesive whose adhesive action automatically decreases after a predetermined time.

Nachfolgend werden zwei besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Im einzelnen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in Form eines schematischen Schnittes einen Teil einer Feuerungsraumwand- oder -dekke mit einem durch eine Sollbruchstelle abtrennbaren Teil des Stiftes;
  • Fig. 2 eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung mit einem entfernbaren Teil des Stiftes in Form einer Hülse.
Two particularly preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to a drawing. In detail show:
  • Figure 1 in the form of a schematic section of a part of a furnace wall or ceiling with a part of the pin that can be separated by a predetermined breaking point;
  • Fig. 2 is a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 with a removable part of the pin in the form of a sleeve.

Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform hat ein Feuerungsraum 10 eine Wand 11, an der Stifte 12 aus hochtemperaturbeanspruchbarem Metall in regelmässigen Abständen angeschweisst sind. Ein dem Feuerungsraum 10 zugewandter Teil 13 des Stiftes 12 ist an einer Sollbruchstelle 14 abtrennbar.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a combustion chamber 10 has a wall 11 to which pins 12 made of metal that can be subjected to high temperatures are welded at regular intervals. A part 13 of the pin 12 facing the combustion chamber 10 can be separated at a predetermined breaking point 14.

Die Auskleidung ist aus parallel zur Wand 11 des Feuerungsraumes 10 verlaufenden Lagen 15 in Form von Matten gebildet, die aus keramischen Fasern hergestellt sind und deshalb sehr hohen Temperaturen standhalten können. Die Lagen 15 sind nacheinander auf die Stifte 12 aufgesteckt, wobei auf die Stifte 12 aufgeschobene Halteelemente 16 in Form von Scheiben oder Platten die einzelnen Lagen 15 abstützen. Die Befestigung der Halteelemente 16 an den Stiften 12 erfolgt durch Klemmwirkung oder über eine entsprechende Rastverbindung unter Drehen von 90°, wobei die auf den Stiften 12 hierzu vorgesehenen Rastnocken nicht dargestellt sind.The lining is formed from layers 15 running parallel to the wall 11 of the furnace 10 in the form of mats which are made of ceramic fibers and can therefore withstand very high temperatures. The layers 15 are pushed onto the pins 12 one after the other, the individual layers 15 being supported on the pins 12 by retaining elements 16 in the form of disks or plates. The holding elements 16 are fastened to the pins 12 by means of a clamping action or by means of a corresponding latching connection by rotating 90 °, the latching cams provided for this purpose on the pins 12 not being shown.

Soweit die Lagen 15 durch den entfernbaren Teil 13 des Stiftes 12 gehalten werden, geschieht dies mit Hilfe von Gummischeiben 17.As far as the layers 15 are held by the removable part 13 of the pin 12, this is done with the help of rubber washers 17th

In Fig. 1 sind vier wesentliche Verfahrensabschnitte für die Herstellung der Auskleidung dargestellt. Bisher wurde das Anbringen der einzelnen Lagen 15 und das Befestigen derselben mit Hilfe der Halteelemente 16 und der Gummischeiben 17 beschrieben. Dieser Verfahrensabschnitt entspricht der Darstellung der Auskleidung im Bereich des linken Stiftes 12.In Fig. 1 four essential process sections for the production of the lining are shown. So far, the attachment of the individual layers 15 and the fastening thereof using the holding elements 16 and the rubber washers 17 have been described. This process section corresponds to the representation of the lining in the area of the left pin 12.

Es wird dann mittels eines Hohlbohrers das den Bereich des Teils 13 umgebende Mattenmaterial freigeschnitten, wie es im Zusammenhang mit dem zweiten Stift 12 in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist. Nach Entfernen des Hohlbohrers kann entweder zuerst das freigeschnittene Material einschliesslich der Gummischeiben 17 entfernt werden. Es folgt dann das Einsetzen eines Haltetopfes 18 mit Hilfe einer Scheibe 19, die an ihren Rändern hochgebogen ist. Hierbei ist der Teil 13 des Stiftes 12 noch als Führung für den Haltetopf 18 verwendet worden.The mat material surrounding the area of the part 13 is then cut free by means of a hollow drill, as is shown in connection with the second pin 12 in FIG. 1. After removing the hollow drill, either the cut material including the rubber washers 17 can be removed first. This is followed by the insertion of a holding pot 18 with the aid of a disk 19 which is bent up at its edges. Here, part 13 of pin 12 has still been used as a guide for holding pot 18.

Es ist aber auch denkbar, den Teil 13 des Stiftes 12 bereits vor dem Herausnehmen des freigeschnittenen Fasermaterials abzubrechen und zusammen mit dem Fasermaterial und den Gummischeiben 17 zu entfernen. Es kann auch dann der Haltetopf 13 auf das hervorstehende Ende des Stiftes 12 aufgeschoben und mittels der Scheibe 19 befestigt werden. Letztere wird auf dem Stift 12 ebenfalls durch Drehung arretiert, und damit eine solche Drehung am Boden des Haltetopfes 18 möglich ist, sind die Ränder der Scheibe 19 so hochgebogen, dass ein Schlüssel angesetzt werden kann.However, it is also conceivable to break off the part 13 of the pin 12 before removing the cut fiber material and to remove it together with the fiber material and the rubber washers 17. The holding pot 13 can then also be pushed onto the projecting end of the pin 12 and fastened by means of the disk 19. The latter is also locked on the pin 12 by rotation, and thus such a rotation at the bottom of the holding pot 18 is possible, the edges of the disc 19 are bent up so that a key can be attached.

Abschliessend wird ein aus keramischem Fasermaterial und einem Binder hergestellter Stopfen 20 in das Innere des Haltetopfes 18 eingebracht.Finally, a stopper 20 made of ceramic fiber material and a binder is inserted into the interior of the holding pot 18.

Der Haltetopf 18 hat einen kegeligen Querschnitt, der sich zum Topfboden hin verjüngt, und ist im übrigen aus möglichst leichtem feuerfestem Material hergestellt. An seinem dem Feuerungsraum 10 zugewandten Ende hat der Haltetopf 18 einen Ringansatz 21, auf den ein die tragende Fläche vergrössernder Ring 22 angelegt ist.The holding pot 18 has a conical cross section which tapers towards the bottom of the pot, and is otherwise made from the lightest possible refractory material. At its end facing the combustion chamber 10, the holding pot 18 has a ring extension 21, on which a ring 22, which increases the supporting surface, is placed.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 sind jeweils gleiche Teile mit denselben Bezugsziffern bezeichnet. Die Anordnung und das Aufbringen der einzelnen Lagen 15 entsprechen dem anhand von Fig. 1 beschriebenen Beispiel. Es ist jedoch folgender Unterschied vorhanden:

  • Als entfernbare Teile der Stifte 12 dienen Hülsen 23, deren Innendurchmesser so gewählt ist, dass eine Hülse 23 auf einem Stift 12 klemmend gehalten ist. Besonders geeignet sind hier handelsübliche Spannhülsen, die an einer Stelle ihres Umfangs über die Länge hin geschlitzt sind. Es sollten aber in jedem Fall Massnahmen getroffen werden, um das Aufstecken einer Hülse 23 auf eine bestimmte Länge zu beschränken. Zu diesem Zweck kann in das Innere der Hülse 23 ein Anschlagstift 24 oder dergleichen eingesetzt werden.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the same parts are designated with the same reference numerals. The arrangement and application of the individual layers 15 correspond to the example described with reference to FIG. 1. However, there is the following difference:
  • The removable parts of the pins 12 are sleeves 23, the inside diameter of which is selected so that a sleeve 23 is held clamped on a pin 12. Commercially available adapter sleeves that are slit along the length at one point on their circumference are particularly suitable. In any case, however, measures should be taken to limit the insertion of a sleeve 23 to a certain length. For this purpose, a stop pin 24 or the like can be inserted into the interior of the sleeve 23.

Wenn die Hülse 23 ihre Funktion erfüllt hat und der Haltetopf 18 montiert ist, steht sie für die weitere Montage wieder zur Verfügung.When the sleeve 23 has fulfilled its function and the holding pot 18 is mounted, it is available for further assembly.

Die Scheibe 19 kann zur Montage vorher am Boden des Haltetopfes 18 festgeklebt sein, so dass sie nach dem Aufsetzen auf den Stift 12 durch Drehung des Haltetopfes 18 mitgenommen wird.For assembly, the disk 19 can be glued to the bottom of the holding pot 18 beforehand, so that after being placed on the pin 12, it is taken along by rotating the holding pot 18.

Anstelle der Ringe 22 können die Ringansätze 21 der Haltetöpfe 18 Platten aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Leichtbaustoff tragen, die die Aussenlage 15 im wesentlichen abdecken und damit das Fasermaterial gegen jegliche Rauchgas-Einwirkung schützen. Es können aber derartige Platten auch zusätzlich zu den Ringen 22 auf den Ringansätzen 21 aufliegen.Instead of the rings 22, the ring projections 21 of the holding pots 18 can carry plates made of high-temperature-resistant lightweight building material, which essentially cover the outer layer 15 and thus protect the fiber material against any flue gas influence. However, such plates can also rest on the ring extensions 21 in addition to the rings 22.

Claims (13)

1. Cladding for furnaces more particularly for high temperature industrial furnaces, having mats arranged one on top of another in several layers in parallel with the wall (11) of the furnace (10) and comprising temperature-resistant material, in which the layers (15) form an outer layer and several inner layers, the outer layer delimiting the inner chamber of the furnace (10), having mountings which penetrate the layers (15) and are fixed to the wall (11) of the furnace and are in the form of pins (12), each having a retaining member (18) which is placed on to a respective pin (12), and penetrates the outer layer and at least the adjacent inner layer, there being an annular flange (21) on the retaining member (18), said annular flange engaging the furnace side of the outer layer, and there being an inner chamber formed in the retaining member and accessible from the furnace side (10), the pin entering the retaining member (18) through a bore at the end of the inner chamber and being secured with the aid of a retaining element (16) to prevent the pin from leaving the bore, the part of the pin (12) projecting into the inner chamber extending initially approximately to the level of the outer layer and the inner chamber of the retaining member (18) containing insulating material (20) characterised in that the part (13, 23) of the pin (12) projecting into the inner chamber and no longer required for fixing once the assembly is complete is connected to the said pin (12) by means of a desired breaking point (14).
2. Cladding for furnaces more particularly for high temperature industrial furnaces, having mats arranged one on top of another in several layers in parallel with the wall (11) of the furnace (10) and comprising temperature-resistant material, in which the layers (15) form an outer layer and several inner layers, the outer layer delimiting the inner chamber of furnace (10), having mountings which penetrate the layers (15) and are fixed to the wall (11) of the furnace and are in the form of pins (12), each having a retaining member (18) which is placed on to a respective pin (12), and penetrates the outer layer and at least the adjacent inner layer, there being an annular flange (21) on the retaining member (18), said annular flange engaging the furnace side of the outer layer, and there being an inner chamber formed in the retaining member and accessible from the furnace side (10), the pin entering the retaining member (18) through a bore at the end of the inner chamber and being secured with the aid of a retaining element (16) to prevent the pin from leaving the bore, the part of the pin (12) projecting into the inner chamber extending initially approximately to the level of the outer layer and the inner chamber of the retaining member (18) containing insulating material (20) characterised in that the part of the pin (12) which projects into the inner chamber and is no longer required for fixing once the assembly is complete is formed by a sleeve (23) which is attachable to the pin (12).
3. Cladding according to either of the preceding claims characterised in that cams which serve to fix the retaining elements (16, 19) are only provided on the remaining part of the pin (12).
4. Cladding according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the remaining part of the pin (12) has diametrically opposite locking cams at its periphery and that a disc (19) provided with an elongate orifice serves to fix the retaining member (18), the edge of the disc (19) being raised in preferably two oppositely-positioned places.
5. Cladding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that retaining elements in the form of rubber discs (17) or discs comprising some other material which is capable of adhesion are placed on the removable part (13, 23) of the pin.
6. Cladding according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the retaining member (18) has a slightly conical cross-section which tapers towards the base of the member.
7. Cladding according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the retaining member (18) has an outwardly projecting annular extension (21) at its end facing the furnace (10).
8. Cladding according to claim 7 characterised in that a ring (22) enlarging the supporting surface is placed on to the annular extension (21).
9. Cladding according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that a layer comprising high temperature-resistant light weight material, which substantially covers the outer face of the mats (15), is retained with the aid of the retaining member (18).
10. Cladding according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the retaining member (18) is filled on the inside with a plug (20) formed from ceramics fibre material and an adhesive.
11. A method of manufacturing cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the layers (15) are placed on to the pins and are fixed by the retaining elements (16); that the matting material surrounding the detachable part of the pin is removed and a recess is provided for the retaining member (18); that the retaining member is then inserted and fixed to the remaining part of the pin and that the retaining member is filled with insulating material, wherein the outer part of the pin is removed before or after the retaining member has been inserted.
12. A method according to claim 2 characterised in that the recess is provided around the removable part of the pin (12) with the aid of a cylindrical hollow drill.
13. A method of manufacturing cladding according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that in order to assemble the retaining member (18) the disc (19) is glued from inside to the base of the retaining member with the aid of an adhesive or mortar, the adhesive action of which decreases or disappears completely when subjected to a predetermined temperature and/or after a predetermined time; and that the retaining member is then placed on to the pin (12) and is rotated until the disc (19) locks with the cam located on the pin.
EP79102202A 1978-07-21 1979-06-30 Lining for combustion chambers Expired EP0007465B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79102202T ATE522T1 (en) 1978-07-21 1979-06-30 LINING FOR COMBUSTION ROOMS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782832080 DE2832080B2 (en) 1978-07-21 1978-07-21 Lining for combustion chambers
DE2832080 1978-07-21
DE2832079 1978-07-21
DE19782832079 DE2832079B1 (en) 1978-07-21 1978-07-21 Ceiling lining for combustion rooms

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0007465A1 EP0007465A1 (en) 1980-02-06
EP0007465B1 true EP0007465B1 (en) 1981-12-30

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ES (1) ES482643A1 (en)

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IN157358B (en) * 1981-12-17 1986-03-08 Sauder Energy Systems Inc
US5010706A (en) * 1986-10-17 1991-04-30 Thermal Ceramics, Inc. Insulation and the provision thereof
DE202006016919U1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-03-06 Nebgen, Peter, Dipl.-Ing. Ceramic fixing means for fixing a refractory lining

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US4018023A (en) * 1974-03-06 1977-04-19 The Carborundum Company Ceramic elements and insulation assembly including such elements
US4030261A (en) * 1975-04-08 1977-06-21 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Ceramic cap for insulation anchor
AU3186377A (en) * 1976-12-27 1979-06-28 Carborundum Co Fastening insulation
GB1568603A (en) * 1977-01-15 1980-06-04 Carborundum Co Ltd Furnace linings

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EP0007465A1 (en) 1980-02-06
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