EP0007048B1 - Process and material for the production of photographic images - Google Patents

Process and material for the production of photographic images Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0007048B1
EP0007048B1 EP79102201A EP79102201A EP0007048B1 EP 0007048 B1 EP0007048 B1 EP 0007048B1 EP 79102201 A EP79102201 A EP 79102201A EP 79102201 A EP79102201 A EP 79102201A EP 0007048 B1 EP0007048 B1 EP 0007048B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
photographic
auxiliary support
thickness
photographic material
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP79102201A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0007048A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Dr. Trautweiler
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Novartis AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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Priority to AT79102201T priority Critical patent/ATE392T1/en
Publication of EP0007048A1 publication Critical patent/EP0007048A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
    • G03C11/14—Pasting; Mounting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/162—Protective or antiabrasion layer

Definitions

  • Materials for the production of photographic images usually consist of a flat support and the photographic layers applied thereon. On these layers, which are partly light sensitive, partly for auxiliary functions, e.g. As a carrier for dyes, protective filters, etc., a top layer is usually applied to protect the layers underneath against mechanical damage.
  • a protective layer usually consists of hardened gelatin, optionally with the addition of further colloidal layer formers or of plastics, which are intended to improve the mechanical properties of the protective layer.
  • these protective layers also contain agents for changing the texture and reflectivity, e.g. Matting agent.
  • Swellable protective layers are e.g. sensitive to unwanted markings such as water stains, fingerprints etc.
  • Paper is used in most cases as a substrate for photographic materials. Apart from its cheapness, paper offers important advantages: it can be easily manufactured in different thicknesses and with different textures; it can also be colored and painted with different overlays. On the other hand, however, paper also has disadvantages, which have an unfavorable effect when used as a support for photographic images: in wet processing processes, as are common in photography, the paper loses e.g. its mechanical strength and dimensional stability. Because of its absorbency, it can also absorb large quantities of chemical processing solutions. There is therefore a risk that chemicals will be transferred from one bath to the next during processing. Finally, in order for them to be durable and as free as possible from harmful chemicals, paper images usually have to be watered for a very long time at the end of processing.
  • the paper used as a layer support for supervisory images can be through an opaque, non-absorbent plastic film, e.g. a white pigmented triacetate or polyester film can be replaced.
  • a white pigmented triacetate or polyester film can be replaced.
  • Another measure for the production of non-absorbent image carriers is to cover paper with a thin plastic film.
  • papers laminated with polyethylene on both sides are used in large quantities for the production of photographic copies.
  • Backing materials of this type are relatively cheap, but still have some typical disadvantages.
  • the edges of cut papers are naturally unprotected; Chemicals can penetrate the paper felt here and give rise to discolouration.
  • British Patent Specification 355,303 describes a method for producing black and white overlay images, in which a black and white dispositive is first produced on a conventional celluloid carrier and, after processing and drying, this is glued to the image side with a reflective carrier paper. This method avoids some of the disadvantages of conventional paper images described above; in particular, the paper does not come into contact with chemical processing solutions, and the celluloid film turned outwards effectively protects the image from mechanical damage.
  • a further disadvantage of the method which is known from the British patent specification is that in order to obtain images that are true to the page, exposure has to be carried out either through the support or directly onto the layer side in the wrong direction. When exposed to the wearer, the thickness of the wearer increasingly increases. Reverse exposures are unpopular in copier technology for several reasons. A further loss of sharpness can result from the gluing to the paper carrier.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing photographic overlay images, in which a photographic material consisting of a transparent auxiliary support and photographic layers applied thereon are exposed through the auxiliary support, then developed, optionally further processed and then glued to a main support, the thickness of which is greater than that of the auxiliary support.
  • the invention is intended not only to avoid the disadvantages of the method known from British patent specification 355,303, but also to create a method and a photographic material which make it possible to reduce the storage in development institutions to a minimum.
  • a photographic material is used, the auxiliary support of which has a thickness of at most 5 ⁇ m and which contains a reflection layer over the uppermost photographic layer.
  • the choice of the main carrier remains free up to the moment of the production of the ready-made image.
  • finished images from an unprocessed semi-finished material e.g. can be produced on paper of different material thickness and texture.
  • Plastic films are well suited as the material for the extremely thin auxiliary carrier. Such films are produced in large quantities for the packaging industry and are very cheap. Due to its thinness, the space required for storage and processing is small. Because of the small thickness and the lower basis weight, rolls of greater overall length can be used in the coating machines as well as in the printers and processing machines. Loss of time when changing roles and material losses at the beginning and end of the individual roles are thus reduced.
  • the reflection layer By arranging the reflection layer directly on the image layer or the image layers, on the one hand, complete independence from the reflection properties of the main supports is achieved, as a result of which the storage of main supports can be further reduced. On the other hand, optimal reflection properties are achieved; in particular, the bond has no influence on the reflective properties.
  • the invention further relates to an intermediate photographic material for producing overlay images from a transparent auxiliary support and a photographic layer applied thereon, characterized in that the auxiliary support has a thickness of at most 50 ⁇ m and that it contains a reflection layer over the uppermost photographic layer.
  • the reflective layer of the novel intermediate material contains a preferably white pigment with high reflectivity.
  • the material hitherto essentially only carried by the flexible and transparent auxiliary carrier 10 is glued to a main carrier.
  • This gluing process is shown in FIG. 4, the main carrier, usually a paper carrier, being designated 40 and the adhesive 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows the application of a surface texture by calendering and the cutting of the tape into the individual images.
  • the calendering is carried out by means of the two rollers 8 and 9, the roller being provided with a surface relief which is embossed under pressure and heat into the auxiliary carrier film 10 located at the top.
  • the cutting takes place by means of a knife 50.
  • the calendering can also take place simultaneously with the gluing (FIGS. 4, 5).
  • Transparent plastic films in thicknesses of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, in particular 15 to 30 ⁇ m, which have sufficient strength, chemical resistance to photographic processing solutions and also a certain dimensional stability, are preferably used as the carrier material 10 for the photographic layers 20. Thermal resistance is also desirable so that the support can withstand processing temperatures up to 60 ° C. So that the photographic layers can be applied evenly without difficulty, the plastic films must also have sufficient wettability. Under certain circumstances, it is necessary to provide the carrier films with a wettable substrate layer on the coating side.
  • Suitable thin plastic films consist, for example, of polyethylene or polypropylene, the latter, inter alia, with the brand names Forco OPP (Forchheim), Propafilm (ICI), Moplefan (Montedison), Trespaphan (Kalle) or Ultralen (Lonza) available.
  • Paper is of course primarily suitable as the main carrier 40 for the photographic images. However, it is also possible to use other materials, such as textiles, metals, glass, wood, etc., as image carriers. Also used on plaster and masonry, e.g. as a wall covering is conceivable.
  • the reflectivity of the finished image is appropriately adapted to the special requirements by incorporating a white pigment or another reflective material.
  • a suitable reflection layer contains, for example, about 1 to 20 g of titanium dioxide per m 2 in a binder such as gelatin.
  • other white pigments such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lithopon, zirconium oxide, barium sulfate, lead sulfate, lead carbonate etc. can also be used.
  • the reflecting agent can be applied, for example, to the later main carrier 40 as the top layer, or can also be distributed in the adhesive 5.
  • the reflective pigment is advantageously incorporated into an uppermost layer 30 applied over the photographic layers 20 to the auxiliary support 10. Such an uppermost layer also has a protective function and is intended to protect the photographic layers underneath from mechanical damage until it has been glued to the main support.
  • cover and protective layer 30 arise e.g. through the installation of chemicals: e.g. a developer or developer precursor is incorporated into the layer, so that only the action of an alkaline activator solution is necessary for development. Furthermore, substances can be incorporated which are able to bind excess processing chemicals or their reaction products, which may simplify and / or accelerate the processing. Finally, the layer can also be equipped with a particularly high swelling capacity in order to increase its absorption capacity for chemicals. This is achieved in a simple manner in that the layer is not hardened or is only slightly hardened in order to increase its absorption capacity for water.
  • glue which adhere sufficiently to both the top layer 30 of the image carrier 10 and to the paper 40 and which ensure a permanent adhesive connection can be used as the adhesive 5 for connecting the processed photographic material to the paper carrier 40.
  • Vegetable and animal glues such as starch, starch derivatives, casein, fish glue, gelatin and their derivatives, cellulose derivatives etc. are suitable.
  • Water-soluble adhesives are preferred if the processed material is to be bonded in the wet state.
  • Dispersion adhesives are also suitable as adhesives, i.e. aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble sticky plastics.
  • hot-melt adhesives can also be used, which can be made sticky as a dried layer on the paper or on the top layer of the image carrier by simple heating.
  • the photographic layers 20 and the protective or reflection layer 30 are of the thickness customary in copier material of about 1 to 5 am per layer.
  • Layers a) and b) are applied in a conventional coating system either simultaneously or in succession and then dried.
  • a photographic material is obtained, which is rolled up and cut into a suitable width and fed into a printer for the automatic production of black and white images.
  • the imagewise exposed material is rolled up and then fed to a continuous processing machine, where it is developed, fixed and washed in succession at a temperature of 30 ° C.
  • the material is freed of excess water by means of an air nozzle and continuously glued and rolled up with a paper web of 150 g / m 2 without intermediate drying.
  • a casein glue of 20% dry content is used as the adhesive, which is applied in a thin layer between the image side of the auxiliary carrier and the paper web.
  • the glued web is wound into a roll and finally cut into individual images using a conventional cutting machine.
  • the layers contain the usual additives for wetting and hardening agents, as well as further photographic additives such as sensitizers, stabilizers, etc.
  • the layers are applied in the order given, individually or several at the same time, and then dried.
  • a photographic material is obtained which, starting from color negatives, is suitable for producing positive color copies.
  • a roll of the appropriate width of material is placed in an automatic printer for the production of color positives.
  • the wound roll of exposed material is fed to a continuous processing machine where it is subjected to one of the usual color positive processing methods, e.g. So by successive color development, silver bleaching and fixation in appropriate baths, and with the necessary intermediate and final rinses.
  • the finished material can either be intermediately dried or, after the excess water attached has been blown off, as in Example 1 above, can be fed directly to a gluing machine, where it is glued to a finished color image with a paper carrier and finally cut into individual images.

Abstract

For the production of positive photographic prints a composite material in strip form is used as an intermediary to form the print images and is then adhered in a continuous procedure to a main support strip such as paper. The resultant strip is then cut to separate the individual prints. The composite material has a transparent film of biaxially-oriented plastics film not more than 50 mu thick and water-resistant and to which photosensitive emulsions are applied, and a further layer overlying the emulsions to protect them, the further layer being adhered to the main support. This layer is reflective, as by incorporation of a white pigment, so that the image is seen through the transparent film against the background of this layer rather than the main support. The reflective layer may contain other chemicals relevant to processing.

Description

Materialien zur Herstellung photographischer Bilder bestehen üblicherweise aus einem flächigen Träger und den darauf aufgetragenen photographischen Schichten. Auf diese Schichten, die teils lichtempfindlich sind, teils für Hilfsfunktionen, z.B. als Träger für Farbstoffe, Schutzfilter etc. benötigt werden, wird üblicherweise eine oberste Schicht zum Schutz der darunter liegenden Schichten gegen mechanische Beschädigung aufgetragen. Eine solche Schutzschicht besteht meist aus gehärteter Gelatine, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz weiterer kolloider Schichtbildner oder von Kunststoffen, welche die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Schutzschicht verbessern sollen. Gelegentlich enthalten diese Schutzschichten auch Mittel zur Veränderung der Textur und des Reflexionsvermögens, z.B. Mattierungsmittel.Materials for the production of photographic images usually consist of a flat support and the photographic layers applied thereon. On these layers, which are partly light sensitive, partly for auxiliary functions, e.g. As a carrier for dyes, protective filters, etc., a top layer is usually applied to protect the layers underneath against mechanical damage. Such a protective layer usually consists of hardened gelatin, optionally with the addition of further colloidal layer formers or of plastics, which are intended to improve the mechanical properties of the protective layer. Occasionally, these protective layers also contain agents for changing the texture and reflectivity, e.g. Matting agent.

Da diese Schutzschichten, wie auch die übrigen photographischen Schichten, in Wasser quellbar sind, weisen sie verschiedene Nachteile auf, die mit den herkömmlichen Mitteln nicht oder nur teilweise behoben werden können. Quellbare Schutzschichten sind z.B. empfindlich gegen unerwünschte Markierungen wie Wasserflecken, Fingerabdrücke etc.Since these protective layers, like the other photographic layers, are swellable in water, they have various disadvantages which cannot or only partially be remedied using conventional means. Swellable protective layers are e.g. sensitive to unwanted markings such as water stains, fingerprints etc.

Als Schichtträger für photographische Materialien wird in den meisten Fällen Papier verwendet. Abgesehen von seiner Wohlfeilheit bietet Papier wichtige Vorteile: Es kann leicht in verschiedenen Stärken und mit unterschiedlicher Textur hergestellt werden; es kann auch eingefärbt und mit verschiedenen Ueberstrichen versehen werden. Anderseits besitzt Papier jedoch auch Nachteile, die sich bei seiner Verwendung als Träger für photographische Bilder ungünstig auswirken: Bei nassen Verarbeitungsprozessen, wie sie in der Photographie üblich sind, verliert das Papier z.B. seine mechanische Festigkeit und Dimensionsstabilität. Wegen seiner Saugfähigkeit vermag es auch grossen Mengen von chemischen Verarbeitungslösungen aufzunehmen. Damit besteht die Gefahr, dass während der Verarbeitung Chemikalien von einem Bad auf die folgenden übertragen werden. Schliesslich müssen Papierbilder, damit sie haltbar werden und möglichst frei von schädlichen Chemikalien sind, am Schluss der Verarbeitung meist sehr lange gewässert werden.Paper is used in most cases as a substrate for photographic materials. Apart from its cheapness, paper offers important advantages: it can be easily manufactured in different thicknesses and with different textures; it can also be colored and painted with different overlays. On the other hand, however, paper also has disadvantages, which have an unfavorable effect when used as a support for photographic images: in wet processing processes, as are common in photography, the paper loses e.g. its mechanical strength and dimensional stability. Because of its absorbency, it can also absorb large quantities of chemical processing solutions. There is therefore a risk that chemicals will be transferred from one bath to the next during processing. Finally, in order for them to be durable and as free as possible from harmful chemicals, paper images usually have to be watered for a very long time at the end of processing.

Es sind Massnahmen bekannt, die geeignet sind, diese Nachteile zu beheben. So kann das als Schichtträger für Aufsichtsbilder dienende Papier z.B. durch einen opaken, nicht saugfähigen Kunststoffilm, z.B. eine weiss pigmentierte Triacetat- oder Polyesterfolie ersetzt werden. In der für photographische Bilder benötigten Dicke sind solche Materialien jedoch teuer und deshalb für den Massenverkauf ungeeignet. Eine weitere Massnahme zur Herstellung von nicht saugfähigen Bildträgern besteht darin, Papier mit einem dünnen Kunststoffilm zu überziehen. So werden heute beidseitig mit Polyäthylen kaschierte Papiere in grossen Mengen für die Herstellung photographischer Kopien verwendet. Trägermaterialien dieser Art sind verhältnismässig billig, besitzen jedoch immer noch einige typische Nachteile. So sind z.B. die Ränder von geschnittenen Papieren naturgemäss ungeschützt; Chemikalien können hier in den Papierfilz eindringen und zu Randverfärbungen Anlass geben. In der Praxis zeigt sich auch, dass die Polyäthylenoberfläche oft ungleichmässig benetzbar ist; es ist sehr schwierig, auf einer solchen Oberfläche gleichmässige Schichten ohne eine gewisse Wolkigkeit zu erzeugen.Measures are known which are suitable for eliminating these disadvantages. For example, the paper used as a layer support for supervisory images can be through an opaque, non-absorbent plastic film, e.g. a white pigmented triacetate or polyester film can be replaced. However, in the thickness required for photographic images, such materials are expensive and therefore unsuitable for mass sale. Another measure for the production of non-absorbent image carriers is to cover paper with a thin plastic film. Thus, papers laminated with polyethylene on both sides are used in large quantities for the production of photographic copies. Backing materials of this type are relatively cheap, but still have some typical disadvantages. For example, the edges of cut papers are naturally unprotected; Chemicals can penetrate the paper felt here and give rise to discolouration. In practice, it is also shown that the polyethylene surface is often unevenly wettable; it is very difficult to produce uniform layers on such a surface without a certain cloudiness.

In der britischen Patentschrift 355,303 ist ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Schwarz/Weiss-Aufsichtsbildern beschrieben, bei welchem auf einem konventionellen Celluloid-Träger zuerst ein schwarz-weisses Dispositiv hergestellt und dieses nach beendeter Verarbeitung und Trocknung auf der Bildseite mit einem reflektierenden Trägerpapier verklebt wird. Dieses Verfahren vermeidet einige der zuvor beschriebenen Nachteile von konventionellen Papierbildern; insbesondere kommt das Papier nicht mit chemischen Verarbeitungsiösungen in Kontakt, und der nach aussen gekehrte Celluloidfilm schützt das Bild wirksam vor mechanischer Beschädigung.British Patent Specification 355,303 describes a method for producing black and white overlay images, in which a black and white dispositive is first produced on a conventional celluloid carrier and, after processing and drying, this is glued to the image side with a reflective carrier paper. This method avoids some of the disadvantages of conventional paper images described above; in particular, the paper does not come into contact with chemical processing solutions, and the celluloid film turned outwards effectively protects the image from mechanical damage.

Das aus der britischen Patentschrift seit fast 50 Jahren bekannte Verfahren konnte sich trotz unbestreitbarer Vorteile nicht durchsetzen. Die Gründe dafür sind hauptsächlich durch die Verwendung von in der Photoindustrie üblichem Celluloid als Träger der photographischen Schichten bedingt. Solche Träger sind mindestens 60 µm dick und relativ steif. Infolge ihrer Steifigkeit sind sie nicht ganz einfach zu verkleben. Celluloid-Träger sind zudem relativ teuer. Gemäss dem britischen Patent hergestellt Bilder sind daher zumindest genauso teuer wie Bilder auf opak pigmentierten Kunststoff- Folien.The process, which has been known from the British patent specification for almost 50 years, has not been able to prevail despite its undeniable advantages. The reasons for this are mainly due to the use of celluloid which is customary in the photo industry as a support for the photographic layers. Such supports are at least 60 µm thick and relatively stiff. Due to their stiffness, they are not easy to glue. Celluloid carriers are also relatively expensive. Pictures produced according to the British patent are therefore at least as expensive as pictures on opaque pigmented plastic films.

Ein weiterer Nachteil des aus der britischen Patentschrift bekanntgewordenen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass, um seitenrichtige Bilder zu erhalten entweder durch den Träger hindurch oder seitenverkehrt direkt auf die Schichtseite belichtet werden muss. Bei Belichtung durch den Träger ergeben sich zunehmend mit dessen Dicke Verunschärfungen. Seitenverkehrte Belichtungen sind in der Kopiertechnik aus verschiedenen Gründen unbeliebt. Durch die Verklebung mit dem Papierträger kann ein weiterer Schärfeverlust entstehen.A further disadvantage of the method which is known from the British patent specification is that in order to obtain images that are true to the page, exposure has to be carried out either through the support or directly onto the layer side in the wrong direction. When exposed to the wearer, the thickness of the wearer increasingly increases. Reverse exposures are unpopular in copier technology for several reasons. A further loss of sharpness can result from the gluing to the paper carrier.

In Kopieranstalten müssen Kopiermaterialien nicht nur verschiedener Gradation sondern auch verschiedener Oberflächenbeschaffenheit (Textur), und Dicke auf Lager gehalten werden. Dies beansprucht viel Raum und Kapital. Die potentiellen Möglichkeiten, welche das aus der britischen Patentschrift bekannte Verfahren auch zur Lösung dieses Problems bietet, wurden bis heute nicht erkannt.In copy shops, copy materials not only have different gradations but also different surface properties (texture) and thickness must be kept in stock. This takes up a lot of space and capital. The potential possibilities that the method known from the British patent also offers for solving this problem have not been recognized to date.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung photographischer Aufsichtsbilder, bei welchem man ein photographisches Material bestehend aus einem transparenten Hilfsträger und darauf aufgetragenen photographischen Schichten durch den Hilfsträger hindurch belichtet, anschliessend entwickelt, gegebenenfalls weiter verarbeitet und dann auf einen Hauptträger aufklebt, dessen Dicke grösser ist als diejenige des Hilfsträgers.The present invention relates to a method for producing photographic overlay images, in which a photographic material consisting of a transparent auxiliary support and photographic layers applied thereon are exposed through the auxiliary support, then developed, optionally further processed and then glued to a main support, the thickness of which is greater than that of the auxiliary support.

Durch die Erfindung sollen nicht nur die Nachteile des aus der britischen Patentschrift 355,303 bekannten Verfahrens vermieden, sondern darüberhinaus ein Verfahren und ein photographisches Material geschaffen werden, welches es ermöglicht, die Lagerhaltung in Entwicklungsanstalten auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren.The invention is intended not only to avoid the disadvantages of the method known from British patent specification 355,303, but also to create a method and a photographic material which make it possible to reduce the storage in development institutions to a minimum.

Die gestellten Aufgaben werden erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass ein photographisches Material verwendet wird, dessen Hilfsträger eine Dicke von höchstens 5Cµm aufweist und das über der obersten photographischen Schicht eine Reflexionsschicht enthält.The objects are achieved according to the invention in that a photographic material is used, the auxiliary support of which has a thickness of at most 5 μm and which contains a reflection layer over the uppermost photographic layer.

Bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens bleibt die Wahl des Hauptträgers bis zum Augenblick der Herstellung des fertig konfektionierten Bildes frei. Es können deshalb grundsätzlich aus einem unverarbeiteten Halbfertig-Material fertige Bilder z.B. auf Papier von verschiedener Materialstärke und Textur hergestellt werden.When using the method according to the invention, the choice of the main carrier remains free up to the moment of the production of the ready-made image. In principle, therefore, finished images from an unprocessed semi-finished material, e.g. can be produced on paper of different material thickness and texture.

Als Material für den extrem dünnen Hilfsträger sind Kunststoff-Folien gut geeignet. Derartige Folien werden in grossen Mengen für die Verpackungsindustrie hergestellt und sind sehr billig. Infolge ihrer .Dünnheit ist der Platzbedarf bei der Lagerung und Verarbeitung gering. Wegen der geringen Dicke und des kleineren Flächengewichts können sowohl in den Beschichtungsmaschinen als auch in den Printern und Verarbeitungsmaschinen Rollen von grösserer Gesamtlänge verwendet werden. Zeitverluste beim Rollenwechsel und Materialverluste an Anfang und Ende der einzelnen Rollen werden damit reduziert.Plastic films are well suited as the material for the extremely thin auxiliary carrier. Such films are produced in large quantities for the packaging industry and are very cheap. Due to its thinness, the space required for storage and processing is small. Because of the small thickness and the lower basis weight, rolls of greater overall length can be used in the coating machines as well as in the printers and processing machines. Loss of time when changing roles and material losses at the beginning and end of the individual roles are thus reduced.

Durch die Anordnung der Reflexionsschicht direkt auf der Bildschicht bzw. den Bildschichten wird einerseits eine vollständige Unabhängigkeit von den Reflexionseigenschaften der Hauptträger erreicht, wodurch die Lagerhaltung an Hauptträgern weiter reduziert werden kann. Anderseits werden dadurch optimale Reflexionseigenschaften erzielt; insbesondere hat die Verklebung keinerlei Einfluss auf die Reflexionseigenschaften.By arranging the reflection layer directly on the image layer or the image layers, on the one hand, complete independence from the reflection properties of the main supports is achieved, as a result of which the storage of main supports can be further reduced. On the other hand, optimal reflection properties are achieved; in particular, the bond has no influence on the reflective properties.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist weiter ein photographisches Zwischenmaterial zur Herstellung von Aufsichtsbildern aus einem transparenten Hilfsträger und einer darauf aufgetragenen photographischen Schicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hilfsträger eine Dicke von höchstens 50 um aufweist, und dass es über der obersten photographischen Schicht eine Reflexionsschicht enthält.The invention further relates to an intermediate photographic material for producing overlay images from a transparent auxiliary support and a photographic layer applied thereon, characterized in that the auxiliary support has a thickness of at most 50 µm and that it contains a reflection layer over the uppermost photographic layer.

Gemass einer besonders zweckmässigen Variante enthält die Reflexionsschicht der neuartigen Zwischenmaterials ein vorzugsweise weisses Pigment von hohem Reflexionsvermögen.According to a particularly expedient variant, the reflective layer of the novel intermediate material contains a preferably white pigment with high reflectivity.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren beispielhaft näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen jeweils im Schnitt das lichtempfindliche Ausgangsmaterial (Fig. 1) und die wichtigsten Stufen seiner Verarbeitung bis zum fertigen Endprodukt (Fig. 2 bis .6).

  • Fig. 1 zeigt das bandörmige Kopiermaterial 1 im Schnitt. Es besteht aus einem durchsichtigen Hilfsträger 10 von maximal 50 um Dicke, mehreren photographischen Schichten 20 und einer gegebenenfalls weiss pigmentierten Gelatine-Schutzschicht 30. pie Schutzfunktion der Schicht 30 wird nur vor und während der Verarbeitung ausgenützt; am fertigen Bild (ab Fig. 5) wirkt die Folie 10 als Oberflächenschutz.
  • In Fig. 2 ist die bildmässige Belichtung, symbolisiert durch die Lichtstrahlen L, schematisch gezeigt.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt die Entwicklung und gegebenenfalls weitere Verarbeitung. Das bandförmige Kopiermaterial 1 wird über Umlenkrollen 6 durch die Behandlungsbäder eines Mehrkammertanks 7 transportiert.
The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the figures. The figures each show in section the light-sensitive starting material (Fig. 1) and the most important stages in its processing to the finished end product (Fig. 2 to .6).
  • Fig. 1 shows the tape-shaped copying material 1 in section. It consists of a transparent auxiliary support 10 of a maximum of 50 m in thickness, more photographic layers 20 and optionally a white pigmented gelatin protective layer 30, p y protection function of layer 30 is utilized only before and during processing; on the finished image (from FIG. 5), the film 10 acts as surface protection.
  • 2, the pictorial exposure, symbolized by the light rays L, is shown schematically.
  • 3 shows the development and possibly further processing. The band-shaped copying material 1 is transported via deflection rollers 6 through the treatment baths of a multi-chamber tank 7.

Nach der Entwicklung, Fixierung und Wässerung wird das bis anhin im wesentlichen nur vom flexiblen und transparenten Hilfsträger 10 getragene Material auf einen Hauptträger aufgeklebt. Dieser Klebevorgang ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt, wobei der Hauptträger, zumeist ein Papierträger, mit 40 und der Klebestoff mit 5 bezeichnet sind.After the development, fixation and washing, the material hitherto essentially only carried by the flexible and transparent auxiliary carrier 10 is glued to a main carrier. This gluing process is shown in FIG. 4, the main carrier, usually a paper carrier, being designated 40 and the adhesive 5.

Fig. 5 zeigt den Schichtaufbau eines fertigen Bildes.5 shows the layer structure of a finished image.

In Fig. 6 ist das Aufbringen einer Oberflächentextur durch Kalandrieren und das Zerschneiden des Bandes in die Einzelbilder dargestellt. Das Kalandrieren erfolgt mittels der beiden Walzen 8 und 9, wobei die Walze mit einem Oberflächenrelief versehen ist, welches unter Druck und Wärme in die zuoberst liegende Hilfsträgerfolie 10 eingeprägt wird. Das Zerschneiden erfolgt mittels eines Messers 50.6 shows the application of a surface texture by calendering and the cutting of the tape into the individual images. The calendering is carried out by means of the two rollers 8 and 9, the roller being provided with a surface relief which is embossed under pressure and heat into the auxiliary carrier film 10 located at the top. The cutting takes place by means of a knife 50.

Das Kalandrieren kann auch gleichzeitig mit dem Verkleben (Fig. 4, 5) erfolgen.The calendering can also take place simultaneously with the gluing (FIGS. 4, 5).

Als Trägermaterial 10 für die photographischen Schichten 20 werden vorzugsweise transparente Kunststoff-Folien in Dicken von 5 bis 50 µm, insbesondere 15 bis 30 µm verwendet, die eine genügende Festigkeit, chemische Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber photographischen Verarbeitungslösungen und auch eine gewisse Dimensionsstabilität aufweisen. Thermische Beständigkeit ist weiterhin erwünscht, damit der Träger auch Verarbeitungstemperaturen bis 60°C widerstehen kann. Damit die photographischen Schichten ohne Schwierigkeit gleichmässig aufgetragen werden können, müssen die Kunststoff-Folien auch eine genügende Benetzungsfähigkeit besitzen. Unter Umständen ist es notwendig, die Trägerfolien auf der Beschichtungsseite mit einer benetzungsfähigen Substrierschicht zu versehen.Transparent plastic films in thicknesses of 5 to 50 μm, in particular 15 to 30 μm, which have sufficient strength, chemical resistance to photographic processing solutions and also a certain dimensional stability, are preferably used as the carrier material 10 for the photographic layers 20. Thermal resistance is also desirable so that the support can withstand processing temperatures up to 60 ° C. So that the photographic layers can be applied evenly without difficulty, the plastic films must also have sufficient wettability. Under certain circumstances, it is necessary to provide the carrier films with a wettable substrate layer on the coating side.

Geeignete dünne Kunststoff-Folien bestehen z.B. aus Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen, letzteres u.a. mit den Markennamen Forco OPP (Forchheim), Propafilm (ICI), Moplefan (Montedison), Trespaphan (Kalle) oder Ultralen (Lonza) erhältlich.Suitable thin plastic films consist, for example, of polyethylene or polypropylene, the latter, inter alia, with the brand names Forco OPP (Forchheim), Propafilm (ICI), Moplefan (Montedison), Trespaphan (Kalle) or Ultralen (Lonza) available.

Geeignet sind weiter Folien aus Polyäthylenterephthalat (Hostaphan, Kalle), Polycarbonat (Pokalon, Lonza), regenerierten Cellulose (Cellophan), Polyamid, Polyimid, Polystyrol, Cellulosenitrat (Celluloid), Celluloseacetat (Ultraphan, Lonza), Acrylnitril-Copolymeren (Barex, Lonza), Polysulfon, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylidenchlorid usw. Vorzugsweise werden biaxial orientierte (gereckte) Folien verwendet.Films made of polyethylene terephthalate (Hostaphan, Kalle), polycarbonate (Pokalon, Lonza), regenerated cellulose (cellophane), polyamide, polyimide, polystyrene, cellulose nitrate (celluloid), cellulose acetate (Ultraphan, Lonza), acrylonitrile copolymers (Barex, Lonza) are also suitable ), Polysulfone, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride etc. Biaxially oriented (stretched) films are preferably used.

Als Hauptträger 40 für die photographischen Bilder eignet sich naturgemäss in erster Linie Papier. Es ist jedoch ohne weiteres möglich, auch andere Materialien, wie Textilien, Metalle, Glas, Holz usw. als Bildträger zu verwenden. Auch eine Verwendung auf Putz und Mauerwerk, z.B. als Wandverkleidung ist denkbar.Paper is of course primarily suitable as the main carrier 40 for the photographic images. However, it is also possible to use other materials, such as textiles, metals, glass, wood, etc., as image carriers. Also used on plaster and masonry, e.g. as a wall covering is conceivable.

Das Reflexionsvermögen des fertigen Bildes wird zweckmässig durch Einverleibung eines Weisspigmentes oder eines andern reflektierenden Materials den besonderen Erfordernissen angepasst. Eine geeignete Reflexionsschicht enthält z.B. in einem Bindemittel wie Gelatine fein verteilt ca. 1 bis 20 g Titandioxid pro m2. Ausser Titandioxid kommen auch andere Weisspigmente wie Zinkoxid, Zinksulfid, Lithopon, Zirkonoxid, Bariumsulfat, Bleisulfat, Bleicarbonat etc. infrage. Dabei kann das Reflexionsmittel z.B. auf dem späteren Hauptträger 40 als oberste Schicht, aufgetragen, oder auch im Klebemittel 5 verteilt werden. Mit Vorteil wird jedoch das reflektierende Pigment einer obersten, über den photographischen Schichten 20 auf den Hilfsträger 10 aufgetragenen Schicht 30 einverleibt. Eine solche oberste Schicht besitzt zudem eine Schutzfunktion und soll die darunterliegenden photographischen Schichten solange vor mechanischer Beschädigung schützen, bis die Verklebung mit dem Hauptträger erfolgt ist.The reflectivity of the finished image is appropriately adapted to the special requirements by incorporating a white pigment or another reflective material. A suitable reflection layer contains, for example, about 1 to 20 g of titanium dioxide per m 2 in a binder such as gelatin. In addition to titanium dioxide, other white pigments such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lithopon, zirconium oxide, barium sulfate, lead sulfate, lead carbonate etc. can also be used. The reflecting agent can be applied, for example, to the later main carrier 40 as the top layer, or can also be distributed in the adhesive 5. However, the reflective pigment is advantageously incorporated into an uppermost layer 30 applied over the photographic layers 20 to the auxiliary support 10. Such an uppermost layer also has a protective function and is intended to protect the photographic layers underneath from mechanical damage until it has been glued to the main support.

Weitere Möglichkeiten für die Deck- und Schutzschicht 30 ergeben sich z.B. durch den Einbau von Chemikalien: So kann z.B. ein Entwickler oder Entwicklervorläufer der Schicht einverleibt werden, so dass zur Entwicklung nur noch die Einwirkung einer alkalischen Aktivatorlösung notwendig ist. Weiterhin können Substanzen eingebaut werden, welche überschüssige Verarbeitungschemikalien oder deren Umsetzungsprodukte zu binden vermögen, womit sich gegebenenfalls die Verarbeitung vereinfachen und/oder beschleunigen lässt. Schliesslich kann die Schicht auch mit einem besonders hohen Quellvermögen ausgestattet werden, um damit ihr Aufnahmevermögen für Chemikalien zu steigern. Dies wird in einfacher Weise dadurch erreicht, dass man die Schicht nicht oder nur geringfügig härtet, um damit ihr Aufnahmevermögen für Wasser zu erhöhen.Further possibilities for the cover and protective layer 30 arise e.g. through the installation of chemicals: e.g. a developer or developer precursor is incorporated into the layer, so that only the action of an alkaline activator solution is necessary for development. Furthermore, substances can be incorporated which are able to bind excess processing chemicals or their reaction products, which may simplify and / or accelerate the processing. Finally, the layer can also be equipped with a particularly high swelling capacity in order to increase its absorption capacity for chemicals. This is achieved in a simple manner in that the layer is not hardened or is only slightly hardened in order to increase its absorption capacity for water.

Als Klebemittel 5 für die Verbindung des verarbeiteten photographischen Materials mit dem Papierträger 40 kommen alle Arten von Leimen in Betracht, die sowohl auf der obersten Schicht 30 des Bildträgers 10 als auch auf dem Papier 40 genügend haften und eine dauerhafte Klebeverbindung gewährleisten. Geeignet sind pflanzlische und tierische Leime wie Stärke, Stärkederivate, Casein, Fischleim, Gelatine und deren Derivate, Cellulosederivate etc. Wasserlösliche Klebemittel sind vorzuziehen, wenn das verarbeitete Material in nassem Zustand verklebt werden soll. Weiterhin sind als Klebemittel auch Dispersionskleber geeignet, d.h. wässerige Dispersionen von wasser-unlöslichen klebrigen Kunststoffen. Schliesslich können auch Schmelzkleber verwendet werden, die als getrocknete Schicht auf dem Papier oder auf der obersten Schicht des Bildträgers durch einfaches Erwärmen klebrig gemacht werden können.All types of glue which adhere sufficiently to both the top layer 30 of the image carrier 10 and to the paper 40 and which ensure a permanent adhesive connection can be used as the adhesive 5 for connecting the processed photographic material to the paper carrier 40. Vegetable and animal glues such as starch, starch derivatives, casein, fish glue, gelatin and their derivatives, cellulose derivatives etc. are suitable. Water-soluble adhesives are preferred if the processed material is to be bonded in the wet state. Dispersion adhesives are also suitable as adhesives, i.e. aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble sticky plastics. Finally, hot-melt adhesives can also be used, which can be made sticky as a dried layer on the paper or on the top layer of the image carrier by simple heating.

Die photographischen Schichten 20 und die Schutz- bzw. Reflexionsschicht 30 sind von der bei Kopiermatieral üblichen Dicke von etwa 1 bis 5 am je Schicht.The photographic layers 20 and the protective or reflection layer 30 are of the thickness customary in copier material of about 1 to 5 am per layer.

Im folgenden werden zwei konkrete Beispiele für die Bildherstellung gemäss dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren beschrieben:Two specific examples of image production according to the method according to the invention are described below:

Beispiel 1example 1

Eine biaxial gereckte Polyäthylenterephthalat-Folie von 20 um Dicke wird durch Substrierung in üblicher Weise benetzungsfähig gemacht und mit folgenden photographischen Schichten versehen:

  • a) Lichtempfindliche Silberhalogenidschicht, bestehend aus Silberbromid mit einer Partikelgrösse von durchschnittlich 0,5 firn, dispergiert in einer wässerigen Gelatinelösung unter Zusatz von Butylnaphthalin-Sulfonat (Nekel BX) als Netzmittel und 2-Sulfanilamido-4,6-dichlor-1,3,5-triazin als Härtungsmittel, das letztere in einer Menge von 0,07 mol pro Gramm Gelatine. Die Schicht enthält pro m2 1,5 g Silberbromid und 3,0 g Gelatine.
  • b) Eine pigmentierte Schutzschicht, enthaltend pro m2 4 g Gelatine und 10 g fein verteiltes Titandioxid (Rutil). Dieser Schicht wird das gleiche Netzmittel wie der Schicht a) und das gleiche Härtungsmittel, das letztere jedoch, auf Gelatine bezogen, nur in der halben Menge zugesetzt.
A biaxially stretched 20 µm thick polyethylene terephthalate film is wetted in the usual manner by means of substrate and provided with the following photographic layers:
  • a) Photosensitive silver halide layer, consisting of silver bromide with a particle size of 0.5 firn on average, dispersed in an aqueous gelatin solution with the addition of butylnaphthalene sulfonate (Nekel BX) as wetting agent and 2-sulfanilamido-4,6-dichloro-1,3, 5-triazine as a hardening agent, the latter in an amount of 0.07 mol per gram of gelatin. The layer contains 1.5 g of silver bromide and 3.0 g of gelatin per m 2 .
  • b) A pigmented protective layer containing 4 g of gelatin and 10 g of finely divided titanium dioxide (rutile) per m 2 . The same wetting agent as the layer a) and the same hardening agent, but the latter, based on gelatin, are added to this layer in only half the amount.

Die Schichten a) und b) werden in einer üblichen Beschichtungsanlage entweder gleichzeitig oder nacheinander aufgetragen und anschliessend getrocknet.Layers a) and b) are applied in a conventional coating system either simultaneously or in succession and then dried.

Man erhält ein photographisches Material, das aufgerollt und in passender Breite zugeschnitten in einen Printer zur automatischen Herstellung von Schwarz/Weiss-Bildern eingefüllt wird.A photographic material is obtained, which is rolled up and cut into a suitable width and fed into a printer for the automatic production of black and white images.

Das bildweise belichtete Material wird aufgerollt und dann einer Durchlauf-Verarbeitungsmaschine zugeführt, wo es bei einer Temperatur von 30°C nacheinander entwickelt, fixiert und gewässert wird.The imagewise exposed material is rolled up and then fed to a continuous processing machine, where it is developed, fixed and washed in succession at a temperature of 30 ° C.

Unmittelbar im Anschluss an die Wässerung wird das Material mittels einer Luftdüse von überschüssigem Wasser befreit und ohne Zwischentrocknung mit einer Papierbahn von 150 g/m2 kontinuierlich verklebt und aufgerollt. Als Klebemittel verwendet man einen Casein-leim von 20% Trockengehalt, der in dünner Schicht zwischen der Bildseite des Hilfsträgers und der Papierbahn aufgetragen wird.Immediately after the washing, the material is freed of excess water by means of an air nozzle and continuously glued and rolled up with a paper web of 150 g / m 2 without intermediate drying. A casein glue of 20% dry content is used as the adhesive, which is applied in a thin layer between the image side of the auxiliary carrier and the paper web.

Die verklebte Bahn wird zu einer Rolle gewickelt und schliesslich mittels einer üblichen Schneidmaschine in einzelne Bilder zerschnitten.The glued web is wound into a roll and finally cut into individual images using a conventional cutting machine.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Auf eine Folie aus biaxial gerecktem Polypropylen mit einer Dicke von 30 µm werden insgesamt 6 Schichten in folgender Reihe aufgebracht:

  • a) eine rotempfindliche Silberbromid-Gelatineschicht, enthaltend einen wasserlöslichen chromogenen Kuppler, der mit dem Oxidationsprodukt eines Farbentwicklers zu einem blaugrünen Farbstoff kuppelt,
  • b) eine Gelatine-Zwischenschicht, enthaltend 1,5 g Gelatine pro m2,
  • c) eine grünempfindliche Silberbromid-Gelatineschicht, enthaltend einen wasserlöslichen chromogenen Kuppler, der mit dem Oxidationsprodukt eines Farbentwicklers zu einem Purpurfarbstoff kuppelt,
  • d) eine Gelatine-Zwischenschicht, enthaltend 1,5 g Gelatine pro m2,
  • e) eine unsensibilisierte, blauempfindliche Silberbromid-Gelatineschicht, enthaltend einen wasserlöslichen, chromogenen Kuppler, welcher mit einem Farbentwickler zu einem gelben Farbstoff kuppelt,
  • f) eine Schutzschicht, enthaltend pro m2 4 Gramm Gelatine und 10 Gramm fein verteiltes Titandioxid (Rutil).
A total of 6 layers in the following row are applied to a film made of biaxially stretched polypropylene with a thickness of 30 µm:
  • a) a red-sensitive silver bromide gelatin layer containing a water-soluble chromogenic coupler which couples with the oxidation product of a color developer to form a blue-green dye,
  • b) an intermediate gelatin layer containing 1.5 g gelatin per m 2 ,
  • c) a green-sensitive silver bromide gelatin layer containing a water-soluble chromogenic coupler which couples with the oxidation product of a color developer to form a purple dye,
  • d) an intermediate gelatin layer containing 1.5 g gelatin per m 2 ,
  • e) an unsensitized, blue-sensitive silver bromide gelatin layer containing a water-soluble, chromogenic coupler which couples with a color developer to form a yellow dye,
  • f) a protective layer containing 4 grams of gelatin and 10 grams of finely divided titanium dioxide (rutile) per m2.

Die Schichten enthalten wie zuvor die üblichen Zusätze an Netz- und Härtungsmittel, sowie weitere photographische Zusätze wie Sensibilisatoren, Stabilisatoren usw.As before, the layers contain the usual additives for wetting and hardening agents, as well as further photographic additives such as sensitizers, stabilizers, etc.

Die Schichten werden in der angegebenen Reihenfolge, einzeln oder auch mehrere gleichzeitig, aufgetragen und anschliessend getrocknet. Man erhält ein photographisches Material, welches sich, ausgehend von Farbnegativen, zur Herstellung von positiven Farbkopien eignet.The layers are applied in the order given, individually or several at the same time, and then dried. A photographic material is obtained which, starting from color negatives, is suitable for producing positive color copies.

Eine Rolle des Materials von passender Breite wird in einen automatischen Printer für die Herstellung von Farbpositiven eingefüllt. Nach erfolgter Belichtung wird die aufgewickelte Rolle des belichteten Materials einer Durchlauf-Verarbeitungsmaschine zugeführt, wo sie einem der üblichen Farbpositiv-Verarbeitungsverfahren unterworfen wird, z.B. also durch hintereinander erfolgende Farbentwicklung, Silberbleichung und Fixierung in entsprechenden Bädern, und mit den notwendigen Zwischen- und Schlusswässerungen behandelt wird.A roll of the appropriate width of material is placed in an automatic printer for the production of color positives. After exposure, the wound roll of exposed material is fed to a continuous processing machine where it is subjected to one of the usual color positive processing methods, e.g. So by successive color development, silver bleaching and fixation in appropriate baths, and with the necessary intermediate and final rinses.

Das fertig verarbeitete Material kann entweder zwischengetrocknet oder nach Abblasen des überschüssigen anhängenden Wassers wie zuvor im Beispiel 1 unmittelbar einer Klebemaschine zugeführt werden, wo es mit einem Papierträger zu einem fertigen Farbbild verklebt und schlieslich in einzelne Bilder geschnitten wird.The finished material can either be intermediately dried or, after the excess water attached has been blown off, as in Example 1 above, can be fed directly to a gluing machine, where it is glued to a finished color image with a paper carrier and finally cut into individual images.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wurde vom Europäischen Patentamt, Zweigstelle Den Haag unter Aktenzeichen DA 59882 CH einer Neuheitsprüfung mit folgendem Ergebnis unterzogen:

  • GB-A-355 303 (H. C. SAUNDERS) GB-A-1 468 343 (J. MALACHY)
  • FR-A-1 584 105 (EASTMAN KODAK) FR-E-38 581 (G. RIVIERE)
  • GB-A-1 068 565 (FABRIKA FOTORABOT) US-A-3 238 043 (M. LEVY)
  • FR-A-2 132 718 (AB ROLLFILM) GB-A-1 182 301 (INTERNATIONAL POLAROID)
  • CH-A-546 968 (H. SOVILLA-BRULHART) CH-A-525 504 (H. SOVILLA-BRULHART)
  • PHOTOGRAPHIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CH-A-534 901 (H. SOVILLA-BRULHART)
  • volume 5, no. 1, January-February, 1961 FR-E-5919 (I. HOFFSUEMMER)
  • S. L. HERSCH et al.
The present invention was subjected to a novelty test by the European Patent Office, The Hague branch under file number DA 59882 CH with the following result:
  • GB-A-355 303 (HC SAUNDERS) GB-A-1 468 343 (J. MALACHY)
  • FR-A-1 584 105 (EASTMAN KODAK) FR-E-38 581 (G. RIVIERE)
  • GB-A-1 068 565 (FABRIKA FOTORABOT) US-A-3 238 043 (M. LEVY)
  • FR-A-2 132 718 (AB ROLLFILM) GB-A-1 182 301 (INTERNATIONAL POLAROID)
  • CH-A-546 968 (H. SOVILLA-BRULHART) CH-A-525 504 (H. SOVILLA-BRULHART)
  • PHOTOGRAPHIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CH-A-534 901 (H. SOVILLA-BRULHART)
  • volume 5, no. 1, January-February, 1961 FR-E-5919 (I. HOFFSUEMMER)
  • SL HERSCH et al.

Claims (15)

1. A process for the production of positive photographic prints, in which a photographic material consisting of a transparent auxiliary support and emulsions applied thereto is exposed through the auxiliary support, then developed, subjected to further processing if necessary, and then cemented on a main support (40), the thickness of which is greater than that of the auxiliary support, characterised in that the photographic material used is one whose auxiliary support (10) has a thickness of not more than 50 um and said photographic material contains a reflecting layer (30) on the top photographic emulsion (20).
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the auxiliary support has a thickness of 5 to 50 pm.
3. A process according to claim 2, characterised in that the auxiliary support (10) has a thickness of 15 to 30 pm.
4. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that cementing is so carried out that the photographic emulsions (20) and the reflecting layer (30) are situated between the two supports (10) and (40).
5. A process according to claims 1 and 4, characterised in that the reflecting layer (30) contains a preferably white pigment.
6. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the main support (40) has a thickness of 80 to 300 pm.
7. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that paper, textiles, plastics sheeting, packaging or building materials are used as the main support (40).
8. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the photographic material (10, 20, 30) is cemented on the main support (40) immediately after development or further processing and without intermediate drying.
9. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that materials (10, 20, 30) in strip form are used and are not cut into individual pictures until after cementing to the main support (40).
10. A photographic material for the production of positive prints from a transparent auxiliary support (10) and at least one photographic emulsion (20) applied thereto, characterised in that the auxiliary support (10) has a thickness of not more than 50 µm and it contains a reflecting layer (30) on the top photographic emulsion.
11. A photographic material according to claim 10, characterised in that the auxiliary support (10) has a thickness of not more than 5 to 50 fim, preferably 15 to 30 pm.
12. A photographic material according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the reflecting layer (30) contains a preferably white pigment.
13. A photographic material according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that one of the photographic emulsions (20), preferably the top photographic emulsion, contains a developer or pre-developer adapted to be activated by a preferably alkaline processing solution.
14. A photographic material according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that one of the layers (20, 30), preferably the reflecting layer (30), contains additional chemicals which render inactive the processing chemicals and/or the reaction products left in the material after the last processing stage.
15. A photographic material according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that the auxiliary support (10) consists of oriented polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, polyimide, polysulphone, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, regenerated cellulose, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, or of polyethylene terephthalate and, if required, plasticizers.
EP79102201A 1978-07-07 1979-06-30 Process and material for the production of photographic images Expired EP0007048B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT79102201T ATE392T1 (en) 1978-07-07 1979-06-30 METHOD AND MATERIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH742178 1978-07-07
CH7421/78 1978-07-07

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EP0007048A1 EP0007048A1 (en) 1980-01-23
EP0007048B1 true EP0007048B1 (en) 1981-11-11

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JP (1) JPS5515196A (en)
AT (1) ATE392T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1143990A (en)
DE (1) DE2961310D1 (en)
ES (1) ES482270A1 (en)
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US3520758A (en) * 1967-08-07 1970-07-14 Eastman Kodak Co Laminated photographic identification card
CH546968A (en) * 1971-01-13 1974-03-15 Sovilla Brulhart Heinz Mounting photographs - with silicone adhesive
SE351056B (en) * 1971-04-08 1972-11-13 Rollfilm Ab
BE790883A (en) * 1971-11-03 1973-05-03 Ilford Ltd COMPOSITE CELLULOSIC FILM SUPPORT

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4431445A1 (en) * 1994-09-03 1996-03-07 Microbox Dr Welp Gmbh & Co Film data card for microfilm storage
DE4431445B4 (en) * 1994-09-03 2007-10-04 Microbox Gmbh Movie data card

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0007048A1 (en) 1980-01-23
ZA793390B (en) 1980-06-25
US4355099A (en) 1982-10-19
CA1143990A (en) 1983-04-05
ATE392T1 (en) 1981-11-15
DE2961310D1 (en) 1982-01-14
JPS5515196A (en) 1980-02-02
ES482270A1 (en) 1980-02-16
US4296198A (en) 1981-10-20

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