EP0006637B1 - Multipolar current-limiting circuit breaker - Google Patents

Multipolar current-limiting circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0006637B1
EP0006637B1 EP79102226A EP79102226A EP0006637B1 EP 0006637 B1 EP0006637 B1 EP 0006637B1 EP 79102226 A EP79102226 A EP 79102226A EP 79102226 A EP79102226 A EP 79102226A EP 0006637 B1 EP0006637 B1 EP 0006637B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contactors
poles
movable
spring
holders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79102226A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0006637A1 (en
Inventor
Kiyoshi Dipl.-Ing. Kandatsu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to AT79102226T priority Critical patent/ATE309T1/en
Publication of EP0006637A1 publication Critical patent/EP0006637A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0006637B1 publication Critical patent/EP0006637B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/101—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening with increasing of contact pressure by electrodynamic forces before opening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/522—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a cradle-mechanism
    • H01H71/525—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a cradle-mechanism comprising a toggle between cradle and contact arm and mechanism spring acting between handle and toggle knee

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-pole current-limiting self-switch with a contact system that can be opened by current forces and to a rotatably mounted switching shaft made of insulating material, fasteners for the movable contact parts, one of which is connected to the opening system.
  • the movable and fixed contact part are arranged parallel to one another in such a way that the current flow in one of them flows in the opposite direction to the other.
  • this causes electromagnetic repulsive forces with respect to the contact parts, so that they are separated, earlier than the usual disconnection movement when the overcurrent is triggered.
  • the latching per pole is released when the electromagnetic force occurs and held in the open position by friction. Subsequently, the subsequent usual separation via the selector shaft completes the opening of the switch.
  • the number of equipment must correspond to the number of poles. This results in a much larger design and higher costs of the switch compared to a switch without a quick-switching device. There are also disadvantages when three-phase shorts occur.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a compact and travel-worthy multi-pole current-limiting circuit breaker of the type mentioned above, which opens practically simultaneously without additional magnetic unlocking of all contact members, depending on the totality of all magnetic forces which act on all contact members.
  • This object is achieved in a simple manner in the case of a self-switch of the type mentioned above in that the one holder is provided with a pivotably mounted, spring-loaded tab and has a guide link for a bolt which can be blocked by the tab via the spring load and is connected to the opening system, the blocking thereof can be removed in accordance with the spring load at a predeterminable electromagnetic counterforce caused by the sum of the currents, all movable contact parts being pushed into the open position via the brackets and the selector shaft.
  • An arrangement has proven to be particularly effective if the resultant of the current forces is directed in the direction of the bearing point of the tab.
  • the determination of the forces at which the contact systems are separated can be carried out relatively precisely if the blocking between the plate and the pin takes place via a roller which is connected to an adapted end part of the plate.
  • the movable contact part 4 denotes a U-shaped fixed contact part with a contact pad 2 and an arcing horn 3.
  • the movable contact part 4 also has a contact pad 5.
  • the movable contact part 4 is held by means of rivets or in a similar manner on a carrier 9 which is rotatable about an axis 7 a holder 6 is mounted. It is continuously spring-loaded by the spring 8 in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the handle 10 is rotatable with the lever 11 about an axis, not shown.
  • a web 12 on the lever 11 serves to hold one end of the switching spring 13.
  • a tab 14 is rotatably mounted on the bolt 15 and is provided with an end part 14a, which serves to receive the connecting means of an overcurrent release device, not shown.
  • toggle lever 16 is rotatably mounted on the bolt 17, which is fastened to the bracket 14, and the toggle lever 18 is provided with a bolt 20 which engages with a slot 19 in the holder 6.
  • the toggle levers 16 and 18 are articulated via the toggle lever pin 21, which also holds the other end of the switching spring 13.
  • another tab is designated, which is rotatably mounted about the axis 7 and which has an end portion 22a, which is equipped so that it can at least partially include a roller 23.
  • the roller 23 is coaxial with the pin 20 and has a larger diameter than the width of the slot 19.
  • the tab 22 is spring-loaded in the counterclockwise direction by a spring 24 to prevent the pin 20 from sliding off the inclined surface 19a of the slot 19 (see Fig. 6).
  • the holders 6 and 6 ' are mounted on the insulating shaft 25, for which purpose mounting brackets 26 are used.
  • the insulating shaft carries all the poles and is equipped with rotary lugs 25a at both ends, as can be seen from FIG. 6.
  • 27 is a Isolierzwi rule position which is introduced between the fixed contact part 1 and the movable contact part 4.
  • K is a constant which depends on the shape of the contact element
  • L is the length of the conductor in mm
  • S is the distance in mm between the fixed contact part 1 and the movable contact part 4.
  • the arrangement of the bearing points, the length of the conductors and the distance between the contact parts are dimensioned such that the resultant of the electromagnetic forces F b and F e causes a rotation of the movable contact part 4 about the axis 7 in the counterclockwise direction, ie in the Direction in which the contact pressure between the contact pads 2 and 5 is increased.
  • the resultant of the electromagnetic forces F b and F e acts on the axis 7 in order to pivot the holder 6 clockwise around the axis line of the insulating shaft 25 or of the rotary lugs 25a.
  • the amount of current at which the arc current reduction mechanism described above begins to act to disengage the end portion 22a may advantageously be determined depending on the strength of the spring 24 and the angle ⁇ of the sloping surface 19a of the slot 19.
  • a compact, inexpensive and highly effective switch can be obtained in which the number of the arc current reducing means has been reduced.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit breaker having stationary contactors provided for all of the poles thereof. Movable contactors are provided for all of the poles in correspondence to the stationary contactors. Stationary contacts are provided on the end portions of stationary contactors and movable contacts are disposed on the end portions of the movable contactors. The movable contactors are movable from the stationary contactors by electromagnetic force to open respective circuits before the circuit breaker is opened by an overcurrent tripping device when large current such as short-circuit current flows. Holders adapted to hold the movable contactors of all of the poles are mounted on a common rotatable insulating rod, one of the holders being provided with a latch which is turnable around a rod provided on the holder. A slot is normally engaged with the latch, and when disengaged from the latch, a rod can be turned by the holder. A spring operates to engage the latch with the rod until an electromagnetic moment acting on the latch generated in any of the poles or the sum of electromagnetic forces generated in all of the poles reaches a predetermined value. When a predetermined value is exceeded, the movable contactors of all of the poles are simultaneously moved from the stationary contactors to open the respective circuits with the aid of the insulating rod and the holders.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen mehrpoligen strombegrenzenden Selbstschalter mit durch Stromkräfte zu öffnendem Kontaktsystem und auf einer drehbar gelagerten Schaltwelle aus Isolierstoff befestigten Halterungen für die beweglichen Kontaktteile, von denen eine mit dem Offnungssystem verbunden ist.The invention relates to a multi-pole current-limiting self-switch with a contact system that can be opened by current forces and to a rotatably mounted switching shaft made of insulating material, fasteners for the movable contact parts, one of which is connected to the opening system.

Bei einem bekannten Selbstschalter der obengenannten Art (US-A-3 500 266) sind die Kontaktteile zwar derart geformt, daß sie elektrodynamisch öffnen können; hier ist jedoch zusätzlich eine magnetische Entriegelung der Schaltwelle vorhanden.In a known automatic switch of the type mentioned above (US-A-3 500 266), the contact parts are shaped in such a way that they can open electrodynamically; here, however, there is also a magnetic release of the selector shaft.

Bei einer weiteren bekannten Einrichtung (DE-B-1 286185) sind beweglicher und feststehender Kontaktteil derart parallel zueinander angeordnet, daß der Stromfluß in einem von ihnen in entgegengesetzter Richtung zu dem anderen fließt. Dies bewirkt bei großen Überströmen elektromagnetische Abstoßungskräfte in bezug auf die Kontaktteile, so daß ein Trennen derselben erfolgt, und zwar früher als die gewöhnliche Trennbewegung bei Überstromauslösung. Hierzu wird die Verklinkung je Pol bei Auftreten der elektromagnetischen Kraft freigegeben und durch Reibschluß in Offenstellung gehalten. Anschließend macht die nachfolgende übliche Auftrennung über die Schaltwelle das Öffnen des Schalters komplett. Soll eine derartige Anordnung bei einem mehrpoligen Schalter Anwendung finden, so muß die Anzahl der Ausrüstungen der Anzahl der Pole entsprechen. Hier ergibt sich eine wesentlich größere Bauart und höhere Kosten des Schalters, verglichen mit einem Schalter ohne Schnellschalteinrichtung. Weiterhin ergeben sich Nachteile beim Auftreten von Dreiphasenkurzschlüssen.In a further known device (DE-B-1 286185), the movable and fixed contact part are arranged parallel to one another in such a way that the current flow in one of them flows in the opposite direction to the other. In the case of large overcurrents, this causes electromagnetic repulsive forces with respect to the contact parts, so that they are separated, earlier than the usual disconnection movement when the overcurrent is triggered. For this purpose, the latching per pole is released when the electromagnetic force occurs and held in the open position by friction. Subsequently, the subsequent usual separation via the selector shaft completes the opening of the switch. If such an arrangement is to be used in a multi-pole switch, the number of equipment must correspond to the number of poles. This results in a much larger design and higher costs of the switch compared to a switch without a quick-switching device. There are also disadvantages when three-phase shorts occur.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen kompakten und reiswerten mehrpoligen strombegrenzenden Selbstschalter der obengenannten Art zu schaffen, der ohne zusätzliche magnetische Entriegelung aller Kontaktglieder praktisch gleichzeitig öffnet, und zwar abhängig von der Gesamtheit aller magnetischen Kräfte, die auf alle Kontaktglieder einwirken. Diese Aufgabe wird auf einfache Weise bei einem Selbstschalter der obengenannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die eine Halterung mit einer schwenkbar gelagerten, federbelasteten Lasche versehen ist und eine Führungskulisse für einen von der Lasche über die Federbelastung blockierbaren, mit dem Öffnungssystem in Verbindung stehenden Bolzen hat, dessen Blockierung entsprechend der Federbelastung bei einer vorbestimmbaren, durch die Summe der Ströme bedingten elektromagnetischen Gegenkraft aufhebbar ist, wobei alle beweglichen Kontaktteile über die Halterungen und die Schaltwelle in die Offenstellung gedrängt sind.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a compact and travel-worthy multi-pole current-limiting circuit breaker of the type mentioned above, which opens practically simultaneously without additional magnetic unlocking of all contact members, depending on the totality of all magnetic forces which act on all contact members. This object is achieved in a simple manner in the case of a self-switch of the type mentioned above in that the one holder is provided with a pivotably mounted, spring-loaded tab and has a guide link for a bolt which can be blocked by the tab via the spring load and is connected to the opening system, the blocking thereof can be removed in accordance with the spring load at a predeterminable electromagnetic counterforce caused by the sum of the currents, all movable contact parts being pushed into the open position via the brackets and the selector shaft.

Als besonders wirkungsvoll hat sich eine Anordnung herausgestellt, wenn die Resultierende der Stromkräfte in Richtung auf die Lagerstelle der Lasche gerichtet ist. Die Festlegung der Kräfte, bei denen die Trennung der Kontaktsysteme erfolgt, läßt sich relativ genau durchführen, wenn die Blockierung zwischen Lasche und Bolzen über eine Rolle, die mit einem angepaßten Endteil der Lasche in Verbindung steht, erfolgt.An arrangement has proven to be particularly effective if the resultant of the current forces is directed in the direction of the bearing point of the tab. The determination of the forces at which the contact systems are separated can be carried out relatively precisely if the blocking between the plate and the pin takes place via a roller which is connected to an adapted end part of the plate.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.Further details of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 bis 4 Seitenansichten des Mittelpols des Leistungsschalters entsprechend der Erfindung in verschiedenen Stellungen,
  • Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht eines anderen Pols dieses Schalters,
  • Fig. 6 die perspektivische Darstellung der Isolierwelle mit den Haltern und
  • Fig. 7 ein Diagramm des zu unterbrechenden Stromverlaufes, auf der Abszisse ist die Zeit, auf der Ordinate der Strom aufgetragen.
It shows
  • 1 to 4 side views of the center pole of the circuit breaker according to the invention in different positions,
  • 5 is a side view of another pole of this switch,
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the insulating shaft with the holders and
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram of the current curve to be interrupted, on the abscissa is the time, on the ordinate the current is plotted.

1 bezeichnet einen U-förmig geformten Festkontaktteil mit einer Kontaktauflage 2 und einem Lichtbogenhorn 3. Der bewegliche Kontaktteil 4 hat ebenfalls eine Kontaktauflage 5. Der bewegliche Kontaktteil 4 ist mittels Nieten oder auf ähnliche Weise an einem Träger 9 gehalten, der drehbar um eine Achse 7 eines Halters 6 gelagert ist. Er ist durch die Feder 8 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn dauernd federbelastet. Die Handhabe 10 ist mit dem Hebel 11 um eine nicht näher dargestellte Achse drehbar. Ein Steg 12 am Hebel 11 dient der Halterung eines Endes der Schaltfeder 13. Eine Lasche 14 ist auf dem Bolzen 15 drehbar gelagert und mit einem Endteil 14a versehen, das zur Aufnahme der Verbindungsmittel einer nicht näher dargestellten Überstromauslöseeinrichtung dient. Der eine Kniehebel 16 ist drehbar auf dem Bolzen 17 gelagert, der an der Lasche 14 befestigt ist und der Kniehebel 18 ist mit einem Bolzen 20 versehen, der mit einem Schlitz 19 im Halter 6 in Eingriff steht. Die Kniehebel 16 und 18 sind über den Kniehebelbolzen 21 gelenkig verbunden, der zusätzlich das andere Ende der Schaltfeder 13 hält. Mit 22 ist eine weitere Lasche bezeichnet, die drehbar um die Achse 7 montiert ist und die ein Endteil 22a aufweist, das so ausgerüstet ist, daß es eine Rolle 23 zumindest teilweise umfassen kann. Die Rolle 23 liegt koaxial zum Bolzen 20 und hat einen größeren Durchmesser als die Breite des Schlitzes 19. Die Lasche 22 ist im Gegenuhrzeigersinn durch eine Feder 24 federbelastet, um zu verhindern, daß der Bolzen 20 von der schräg verlaufenden Fläche 19a des Schlitzes 19 abgleitet (siehe Fig. 6).1 denotes a U-shaped fixed contact part with a contact pad 2 and an arcing horn 3. The movable contact part 4 also has a contact pad 5. The movable contact part 4 is held by means of rivets or in a similar manner on a carrier 9 which is rotatable about an axis 7 a holder 6 is mounted. It is continuously spring-loaded by the spring 8 in the counterclockwise direction. The handle 10 is rotatable with the lever 11 about an axis, not shown. A web 12 on the lever 11 serves to hold one end of the switching spring 13. A tab 14 is rotatably mounted on the bolt 15 and is provided with an end part 14a, which serves to receive the connecting means of an overcurrent release device, not shown. One toggle lever 16 is rotatably mounted on the bolt 17, which is fastened to the bracket 14, and the toggle lever 18 is provided with a bolt 20 which engages with a slot 19 in the holder 6. The toggle levers 16 and 18 are articulated via the toggle lever pin 21, which also holds the other end of the switching spring 13. With 22 another tab is designated, which is rotatably mounted about the axis 7 and which has an end portion 22a, which is equipped so that it can at least partially include a roller 23. The roller 23 is coaxial with the pin 20 and has a larger diameter than the width of the slot 19. The tab 22 is spring-loaded in the counterclockwise direction by a spring 24 to prevent the pin 20 from sliding off the inclined surface 19a of the slot 19 (see Fig. 6).

Auf der Isolierwelle 25 sind die Halter 6 und 6' montiert, wozu Montagebügel 26 dienen. Die Isolierwelle trägt alle Pole und ist mit Drehansätzen 25a an den beiden Enden ausgestattet, wie aus Fig. 6 zu ersehen ist. 27 ist eine Isolierzwischenlage, die zwischen dem Festkontaktteil 1 und dem beweglichen Kontaktteil 4 eingebracht ist.The holders 6 and 6 'are mounted on the insulating shaft 25, for which purpose mounting brackets 26 are used. The insulating shaft carries all the poles and is equipped with rotary lugs 25a at both ends, as can be seen from FIG. 6. 27 is a Isolierzwi rule position which is introduced between the fixed contact part 1 and the movable contact part 4.

Um den Schalter von der aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Stellung in die Ausstellung durch Betätigung der Handhabe 10 zu bringen, wird diese im Uhrzeigersinn verdreht. Hierbei wird der Hebel 11 ebenfalls im Uhrzeigersinn verdreht und die Schaltfeder 13 schwenkt um den Kniehebelbolzen 21. Wenn die Mittelachse der Schaltfeder 13 über die Achse des Bolzens 17 hinausgeht, springen die Kniehebel 16 und 18 um und verursachen, daß der Halter 6 um die Achse der Isolierwelle 25 im Uhrzeigersinn verdreht wird bzw. um die Drehansätze 25a, so daß sich die beweglichen Kontaktteile 4 von den Festkontaktteilen 1 trennen, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Um den Schalter in die Einschaltstellung zu bringen, wird die Handhabe 10 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn verschwenkt. Hierbei überschreitet die Schaltfeder 13 wieder die Totpunktlinie und die Kniehebel 16 und 18 springen über und bewirken ein Verdrehen des Halters 6 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um die Drehansätze 25a, so daß die Kontaktstükke wieder geschlossen werden, wie dies aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist.In order to bring the switch from the position shown in FIG. 1 into the exhibition by actuating the handle 10, it is turned clockwise. Here, the lever 11 is also rotated clockwise and the switching spring 13 pivots about the toggle lever pin 21. When the central axis of the switching spring 13 extends beyond the axis of the pin 17, the toggle levers 16 and 18 jump over and cause the holder 6 around the axis the insulating shaft 25 is rotated clockwise or around the rotary lugs 25a, so that the movable contact parts 4 separate from the fixed contact parts 1, as shown in Fig. 2. In order to bring the switch into the on position, the handle 10 is pivoted counterclockwise. Here, the switching spring 13 again exceeds the dead center line and the toggle levers 16 and 18 jump over and cause the holder 6 to be rotated counterclockwise around the rotary lugs 25a, so that the contact pieces are closed again, as can be seen from FIG. 1.

Sobald der Strom durch den Schalter fließt, sind die Kontaktauflagen 2 und 5 einer elektromagnetischen Kraft Fb gemäß Gleichung 1 ausgesetzt, die von der Stromkonzentration herrührt und die Körper der Kontaktteile - Festkontaktteile 1 und beweglicher Kontaktteil 4 - sind einer weiteren elektromagnetischen Kraft Fe ausgesetzt, die sich gemäß Gleichung 2 ergibt, und zwar sind hier die stromabstoßenden Kräfte der Stromschlüsse gegeneinander maßgebend.

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
 As soon as the current flows through the switch, the contact pads 2 and 5 are exposed to an electromagnetic force F b according to equation 1, which results from the current concentration and the bodies of the contact parts - fixed contact parts 1 and movable contact part 4 - are exposed to a further electromagnetic force F e , which results according to equation 2, and here the current-repelling forces of the current faults against one another are decisive.
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002

Hierin ist der Strom in kA, K ist eine Konstante, die abhängig ist von der Form des Kontaktgliedes, L ist die Länge des Leiters in mm und S ist die Entfernung in mm zwischen dem Festkontaktteil 1 und dem beweglichen Kontaktteil4.Herein the current is in kA, K is a constant which depends on the shape of the contact element, L is the length of the conductor in mm and S is the distance in mm between the fixed contact part 1 and the movable contact part 4.

Diese elektromagnetischen Kräfte arbeiten einander entgegen und beide erhöhen sich proportional mit dem Qudrat der Höhe des Stromes, wie sich aus den oben angegebenen Gleichungen ergibt. In der dargestellten Einrichtung sind die Anordnung der Lagerpunkte, die Länge der Leiter und der Abstand der Kontaktteile so bemessen, daß die Resultierende der elektromagnetischen Kräfte Fb und Fe eine Drehung des beweglichen Kontaktteiles 4 um die Achse 7 in Gegenuhrzeigerrichtung bewirkt, d. h. in die Richtung, in der der Kontaktdruck zwischen den Kontaktauflagen 2 und 5 erhöht wird. Die Resultierende der elektromagnetischen Kräfte Fb und Fe wirkt auf die Achse 7, um den Halter 6 im Uhrzeigersinn um die Achslinie der Isolierwelle 25 bzw. der Drehansätze 25a zu verschwenken. Demzufolge wird ein im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um den Kniehebelbolzen 21 verlaufendes Moment auf den zweiten Kniehebel 18 übertragen, so daß sich der Bolzen 20 in dem Schlitz 19 des Halters 6 anlegen kann. Auf der anderen Seite wird die Lasche 22, die über den Bolzen 20 durch die Rolle 23 in Verbindung steht, mit einem Moment im Uhrzeigersinn um die Achse 7 beaufschlagt, aber verbleibt im Falle von relativ kleinen Strömen im Stillstand, da die Lasche von der Feder 24 beaufschlagt ist. Das bedeutet, daß entsprechend der Auslegung das Drehmoment, das von dieser Feder herrührt, größer ist als das Drehmoment, das im Uhrzeigersinn auf die Lasche 22 durch die elektromagnetischen Kräfte Fb und Fe entsprechend relativ kleinen Strömen einwirkt, so daß die Kontaktglieder geschlossen bleiben, wie dies aus Fig. 1 zu ersehen ist. Wenn ein großer Strom, beispielsweise durch einen Kurzschluß hervorgerufen, in dem Stromkreis fließt, ist das Drehmoment, das auf die Lasche 22 einwirkt und von diesem Strom herrührt, größer als die Kraft der Feder 24, so daß die Lasche 22 im Uhrzeigersinn verdreht und demzufolge die Rolle 23 außer Eingriff kommt mit dem Endteil 22a der Lasche 22. Hierbei dreht sich der Kniehebel 18 entgegen Uhrzeigersinn um den Kniehebelbolzen 21. Der Bolzen 20 kommt dann außer Eingriff mit der schräg verlaufenden Fläche 19a des Schlitzes 19 im Halter 6 und als Folge der elektromagnetischen Kräfte wird dieser Halter 6 im Uhrzeigersinn um die Achse der Drehansätze 25a gedreht, wodurch die beweglichen Kontaktteile 4 in die aus Fig. 3 ersichtliche Lage gebracht werden. Der Bolzen 20 bewegt sich hierbei relativ entlang dem senkrecht abfallenden Teil des Schlitzes 19. Zusammen mit dem Halter 6 drehen sich die hebelverbundenen Hebel 6' der anderen Phasen sofort mit, wie aus den Fig. 5 und 6 ohne weiteres zu ersehen ist, so daß alle beweglichen Kontaktteile der einzelnen Pole von den feststehenden Kontaktteilen ungefähr gleichzeitig abgehoben werden. Demzufolge verursacht die übliche Auftrennbewegung, daß die beweglichen Kontaktteile 4 in die aus Fig. 4 ersichtliche Position kommen. Bei dieser Bewegung kommt die Lasche 22 wieder mit der Rolle 23, wie folgt beschrieben, in Verbindung.These electromagnetic forces work against each other and both increase proportionally with the square of the magnitude of the current, as can be seen from the equations given above. In the device shown, the arrangement of the bearing points, the length of the conductors and the distance between the contact parts are dimensioned such that the resultant of the electromagnetic forces F b and F e causes a rotation of the movable contact part 4 about the axis 7 in the counterclockwise direction, ie in the Direction in which the contact pressure between the contact pads 2 and 5 is increased. The resultant of the electromagnetic forces F b and F e acts on the axis 7 in order to pivot the holder 6 clockwise around the axis line of the insulating shaft 25 or of the rotary lugs 25a. As a result, a torque running counterclockwise around the toggle lever pin 21 is transmitted to the second toggle lever 18 so that the pin 20 can rest in the slot 19 of the holder 6. On the other hand, the tab 22, which is connected via the pin 20 by the roller 23, is acted upon in a clockwise direction about the axis 7, but remains at a standstill in the case of relatively small currents, since the tab is by the spring 24 is applied. This means that according to the design, the torque resulting from this spring is greater than the torque which acts in a clockwise direction on the tab 22 by the electromagnetic forces F b and F e in accordance with relatively small currents, so that the contact members remain closed , as can be seen from Fig. 1. If a large current, for example caused by a short circuit, flows in the circuit, the torque which acts on the tab 22 and results from this current is greater than the force of the spring 24, so that the tab 22 rotates clockwise and consequently the roller 23 disengages from the end portion 22a of the tab 22. Here, the toggle lever 18 rotates counterclockwise around the toggle lever pin 21. The pin 20 then disengages from the inclined surface 19a of the slot 19 in the holder 6 and as a result of this This holder 6 is rotated clockwise about the axis of the rotary lugs 25a by electromagnetic forces, as a result of which the movable contact parts 4 are brought into the position shown in FIG. 3. The bolt 20 moves relatively along the vertically sloping part of the slot 19. Together with the holder 6, the lever-connected levers 6 'of the other phases rotate immediately, as can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, so that all movable contact parts of the individual poles are lifted from the fixed contact parts approximately simultaneously. As a result, the usual opening movement causes the movable contact parts 4 to come into the position shown in FIG. 4. During this movement, the tab 22 again comes into contact with the roller 23, as described below.

Infolge der Wirkung der Auslöseanordnung, die nicht dargestellt ist, bewegt sich die Lasche 14 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um den Bolzen 15. Zusammen mit der Lasche 14, die sich verdreht, wird der Kniehebel 16 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn verschwenkt und der Bolzen 20 bewegt sich in Richtung auf die Handhabe 10 aufwärts. Demzufolge, in Abhängigkeit von der Wirkung der elektromagnetischen Kraft, rotiert der Halter 6 soweit, daß er am Bolzen 15 zur Anlage kommt und verbleibt dort. Der Bolzen 20 jedoch, um die Kraft der Feder 24 wieder herzustellen, bewegt sich weiter im Schlitz 19, um dann in die schräg verlaufende Fläche 19a überzugehen. Der Schalter, der auf die so beschriebene Weise geöffnet hat, kann durch Bewegung der Handhabe 10 im Uhrzeigersinn in die aus Fig. 2 ersichtliche Lage zurückgebracht werden.Due to the action of the trigger arrangement, which is not shown, the tab 14 moves counterclockwise around the pin 15. Together with the tab 14, which rotates, the toggle lever 16 is pivoted counterclockwise and the pin 20 moves in the direction of the Handle 10 upwards. As a result, depending on the effect of the electromagnetic force, the holder 6 rotates so far that it comes to rest on the pin 15 and remains there. However, the bolt 20, to restore the force of the spring 24, continues to move in the slot 19 to then transition into the sloping surface 19a. The scarf ter who has opened in the manner described can be brought back into the position shown in FIG. 2 by moving the handle 10 clockwise.

Die Höhe des Stromes, an dem der oben beschriebene Lichtbogenstromreduzierungsmechanismus seine Wirkung beginnt, das Endteil 22a außer Eingriff zu bringen, kann mit Vorteil in Abhängigkeit von der Stärke der Feder 24 und dem Winkel α der schräg verlaufenden Fläche 19a des Schlitzes 19 festgelegt werden.The amount of current at which the arc current reduction mechanism described above begins to act to disengage the end portion 22a may advantageously be determined depending on the strength of the spring 24 and the angle α of the sloping surface 19a of the slot 19.

Wenn in den entsprechenden Polen des Schalters der obengenannten Konstruktion Ströme, wie sie durch die gestrichelte Linie in Fig. 7 dargestellt sind, fließen, sind die Halter 6 und 6' der Wirkung elektromagnetischer Kräfte Fb und Fe, wie oben dargestellt, ausgesetzt. Die stärkste der elektromagnetischen Kräfte, die auf die Halter zum Zeitpunkt t=t1 nach der unmittelbaren Kurzschlußzeit t=0 einwirkt, ist die der Phase R, in welcher der höchste Stromanstieg di/dt auftritt. Wenn das Moment, das auf die Lasche 22 durch die elektromagnetische Kraft in der Phase R wirkt, die Kraft der Feder 24 überwiegt, oder wenn im Falle, daß diese elektromagnetische Kraft diesen Punkt nicht erreicht, das Drehmoment, das durch die Gesamtheit der elektromagnetischen Kräfte in den Phasen R, S, T - zwei von ihnen sind durch das Übertragungssystem Isolierwelle 25 auf den Halter 6 im Zentralpol übertragen worden - die Kraft der Feder 24 überwiegt, wird die Bewegung der Lasche 22 beginnen, um alle der beweglichen Kontaktteile 4 gleichzeitig von den Festkontaktteilen zu trennen (die Zeit t=t1 stellt die Zeit unmittelbar nach der Kontakttrennung dar). Es ist dabei möglich, den Strom zuerst in der Schleife mit kleinem Strom zu trennen, z. B. die Phase T gemäß Fig. 7 kann diejenige sein, die zuerst trennt, wie durch die ausgezogene Kurvenverläufe gezeigt ist, die den Auslösestrom darstellen. So kann in den anderen Phasen R und S eine Reihenunterbrechung stattfinden, d. h. die Reihenspannung kann zwischen den beiden Polanordnungen aufgeteilt werden. Eine sichere Schaltertrennung ist daher erreichbar, begleitet von einer erheblichen Abnahme des Stromquadratintegrals, des Stromspitzenwertes und der Lichtbogenenergie.When currents flow in the corresponding poles of the switch of the above construction as shown by the broken line in Fig. 7, the holders 6 and 6 'are subjected to the action of electromagnetic forces F b and F e as shown above. The strongest of the electromagnetic forces, which acts on the holder at time t = t1 after the immediate short-circuit time t = 0, is that of phase R, in which the highest current increase di / dt occurs. If the moment acting on the tab 22 by the electromagnetic force in phase R outweighs the force of the spring 24, or if in the event that this electromagnetic force does not reach this point, the torque caused by the total of the electromagnetic forces in phases R, S, T - two of them have been transmitted through the transmission system insulating shaft 25 to the holder 6 in the central pole - the force of the spring 24 predominates, the movement of the tab 22 will begin to move all of the movable contact parts 4 simultaneously to separate the fixed contact parts (the time t = t1 represents the time immediately after the contact separation). It is possible to first separate the current in the small current loop, e.g. 7 may be the one that separates first, as shown by the solid curves that represent the tripping current. A series interruption can take place in the other phases R and S, ie the series voltage can be divided between the two pole arrangements. Safe switch disconnection can therefore be achieved, accompanied by a considerable decrease in the current square integral, the current peak value and the arc energy.

Wie oben dargelegt, kann entsprechend der Erfindung ein kompakter, preiswerter und hochwirksamer Schalter erzielt werden, in dem die Anzahl der Lichtbogenstromreduzierungsmittel verkleinert wurde.As stated above, according to the invention, a compact, inexpensive and highly effective switch can be obtained in which the number of the arc current reducing means has been reduced.

Claims (3)

1. A multipolar current-limiting automatic switch comprising a contact system (1, 2, 4, 5) arranged to be opened by current forces and holders for the moving contact elements mounted on a rotatable shaft (insulating shaft 25) made of insulating material, one of said holders being connected to the opening system, characterised in that said one holder (holder 6) is provided with a pivotable spring-loaded (spring 24) lug (22) and has a guide slide (slot 19) for a bolt (20) which is connected to the opening system and which can be held by the lug (22) by way of the spring loading (spring 24) and the holding of which in accordance with the spring loading (spring 24) can be terminated in the event of a predeterminable electromagnetic counterforce conditional on the sum of the currents, whereon all the moving contact elements (4) are moved into the open position by means of the holders (holders 6, 6') and the switching shaft (insulating shaft 25).
2. An automatic switch as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the resultant of the current forces is directed in the direction of the pivot point (axis 7) of the lug (22).
3. An automatic switch as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the holding contact between the lug (22) and bolt (20) is effected by means of a roller (23) which is associated with a matching end part (22a) of the lug (22).
EP79102226A 1978-07-05 1979-07-02 Multipolar current-limiting circuit breaker Expired EP0006637B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79102226T ATE309T1 (en) 1978-07-05 1979-07-02 MULTI-POLE CURRENT-LIMITING CIRCUIT SWITCH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP81599/78 1978-07-05
JP53081599A JPS5942935B2 (en) 1978-07-05 1978-07-05 circuit breaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0006637A1 EP0006637A1 (en) 1980-01-09
EP0006637B1 true EP0006637B1 (en) 1981-10-14

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ID=13750774

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EP79102226A Expired EP0006637B1 (en) 1978-07-05 1979-07-02 Multipolar current-limiting circuit breaker

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4278958A (en)
EP (1) EP0006637B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5942935B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE309T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2926166A1 (en)
PH (1) PH16637A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4278958A (en) 1981-07-14
ATE309T1 (en) 1981-10-15
DE2926166C2 (en) 1988-06-01
PH16637A (en) 1983-12-05
DE2926166A1 (en) 1980-01-17
EP0006637A1 (en) 1980-01-09
JPS5942935B2 (en) 1984-10-18
JPS559346A (en) 1980-01-23

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