EP0005112B1 - Propulsive charge for ammunition and process for charging cartridges - Google Patents

Propulsive charge for ammunition and process for charging cartridges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0005112B1
EP0005112B1 EP79400244A EP79400244A EP0005112B1 EP 0005112 B1 EP0005112 B1 EP 0005112B1 EP 79400244 A EP79400244 A EP 79400244A EP 79400244 A EP79400244 A EP 79400244A EP 0005112 B1 EP0005112 B1 EP 0005112B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
propellant
coating material
ammunition
fact
accordance
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EP79400244A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0005112A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Gaétan Sauveur Cannavo
Henri Jules Gens
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/02—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising particles of diverse size or shape

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of propellant charges of ammunition with metallic or non-metallic casings.
  • compact propellant charges have been proposed, that is to say blocks of one or more powder mixtures produced in particular under hot pressure in the presence a thermosetting binder in proportions varying from 5 to 10%, most often.
  • the manufacturing process for these blocks is relatively long and requires, in addition to cooking, the use of a mold resistant to pressures of the order of 10 8 Pa.
  • the compact propellant charges thus obtained have insufficient dimensional stability when subjected to thermal cycles of accelerated aging.
  • the compressed powder blocks expand and contract, which results in an evolution of the structure of the binder considerably disturbing the ballistic behavior.
  • it is essential to subject the compacted loads to one or more thermal stabilization treatments.
  • the compressed block frequently breaks. In these two cases, there is a significant adjustment during the firing which results in a significant increase in the pressures developed in the weapon.
  • propellant units Another major drawback of the propellant units lies in the fact that they must have a diameter substantially equivalent, but not greater, than that of the opening of the sockets in which they are introduced; in many cases. these sockets have a significant constriction at their upper part where the projectile is fixed, which prevents their use with compacted loads.
  • the invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a propellant charge comprising at least two powders whose filling coefficient is significantly greater than that of bulk loads and which does not require any compacting operation. It also aims to provide a propellant charge which can be applied to a socket of any kind with or without necking. It also aims to provide a load which can be introduced into a socket automatically or semi-automatically very quickly. It also has the aim of conferring on the fuel socket loads a suitable mechanical strength.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a propellant charge of ammunition for weapons of all calibers intended to increase the filling coefficient of a metallic or combustible case, characterized in that it is constituted by the association of a powder with perforations and a monotubular powder according to the respective percentages 60 to 85% and 15 to 40% and a coating material according to a small percentage.
  • the propellant charge can be constituted by the association of a powder with perforations and a powder with spherical grains according to the respective percentages 65 to 80% and 20 to 35% and a coating material according to a small percentage.
  • the propellant charge can be constituted by the association of a perforation powder, a monotubular powder and a powder with spherical grains according to the respective percentages by mass 60 to 85%, 15 to 40% and 0 to 20 % and a coating material in a small percentage.
  • the percentage of coating material is between 0.5 and 3.5% relative to the total mass of powder.
  • the coating material is an oily binder, for example dibutylphthalate or a polyisocyanate, in particular a diisocyanate.
  • the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer, for example a polyurethane.
  • the mass of powder is greater than that used with the casings without constriction. It is therefore necessary to significantly increase the percentage of binder to intensify its role as superficial combustion moderator, so that the pressure generated in the weapon is compatible with it.
  • the grain dimensions of the three powders must be adapted to the caliber of the ammunition and it is preferable that the thickness of each of the powders is substantially equivalent, the thickness of the monotubular powder generally being the smallest, which is advantageous from the point of view of dimensional association, a ballistic correction being brought about by a more advanced surface moderating treatment.
  • a very first result obtained by the loading according to the invention is a very significant increase in the filling coefficient of the sleeve which reaches at least 1,200 g / dm 3 compared to the loading carried out automatically with bulk powder.
  • the coating material plays the role of additional surface moderator of combustion.
  • the constituents of the charge after filling the sleeve are transformed into a solid aggregate having a considerable mechanical resistance which is particularly suitable for the loading of combustible sleeves.
  • a fuel assembly with good mechanical strength is thus obtained.
  • Polyisocyanates, thanks to chemical reactions of connection with the nitrocellulose of the powders lead to fixed loads having mechanical properties comparable to those obtained from thermosetting binders.
  • the frozen loading in situ therefore does not float as is the case for previously compacted loads and is very resistant to thermal aging cycles, for example a thermohygrometric cycle.
  • an axial channel When carrying out large loads, for example for ammunition, of 120 mm, an axial channel must be made in a known manner in the load so as to facilitate ignition, to ensure operational safety and to obtain good regularity. shooting. On the other hand, it is sometimes necessary to provide an axial channel in the loadings for necked bushing, especially when this necked is very accentuated, which most often corresponds to high performance ammunition.
  • the powders usually used in the manufacture of 20 to 30 mm caliber ammunition must undergo a very extensive moderating treatment; this treatment can be carried out in part or in whole by increasing the proportion of binder.
  • the procedure is as follows or in an equivalent manner.
  • the powders are mixed according to the percentages indicated in a few seconds in a mixer with a coating material suitably chosen in small proportion and then the non-solidified mass thus obtained is introduced into the socket.
  • the positioning of the projectile makes it possible to perfect the packing of the load.
  • the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer
  • the ammunition thus produced is then subjected to baking at a temperature below 100 ° C.
  • the load solidifies in the socket and adheres to the wall thereof. It can therefore be seen that the loading according to the invention does not require the use of high pressure, for example of the order of 8.10 7 Pa, which requires the production of a compacted loading and can be implemented on sockets having or not a constriction.
  • Examples 1 to 3 illustrate the embodiment according to which the coating material is an oily binder and Examples 4 to 8 the embodiment according to which the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer.
  • the speed of the projectile is conventionally measured at 25 meters; the pressure is conventionally measured using a piezoelectric device; the percentages indicated are percentages by mass.
  • the percentage of binder is calculated relative to the total mass of powder.
  • the powders used consist of nitrocellulose (simple base).
  • the monotubular cylindrical grains have a thickness of between 0.3 and 0.4 mm; the cylindrical grains with 19 holes have a web of 0.36 mm; the spherical grains have a diameter of 0.35 to 0.47 mm.
  • the loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • the loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • thermosetting prepolymer known under the name of "HSV •, marketed by the company” V os Schemie Soloplast •. This prepolymer is of the polyurethane type. After filling the cartridges, the ammunition is subjected to a baking at 90 ° C for approximately 2 hours.
  • the loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • Ammunition is produced under the same conditions as above with the same percentages of powder but with 1.5% of HSV.
  • the loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • the dispersion of the marksmanship results increases when the proportion of binder increases.
  • Ammunition produced according to Example 5 is subjected to 10 aging cycles of 24 hours each (thermo-hygrometric cycle).
  • Piezoelectric pressure P 4094.19 5 Pa.
  • the loading density is 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • the loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • the loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Description

Le secteur technique de la présente invention est celui des chargements propulsifs de munitions à douille métallique ou non.The technical sector of the present invention is that of propellant charges of ammunition with metallic or non-metallic casings.

On sait que les performances balistiques d'une munition sont étroitement liées au coefficient de remplissage de la douille ; ainsi plus ce coefficient est important, plus les performances sont élevées.It is known that the ballistic performance of a munition is closely linked to the filling coefficient of the cartridge case; thus the higher this coefficient, the higher the performance.

Pour atteindre des coefficients de remplissage élevés, par exemple de 1 400 g/dm3, on a proposé des chargements propulsifs compactés c'est-à-dire des blocs d'une ou plusieurs poudres en mélange réalisés notamment sous pression à chaud en présence d'un liant thermodurcissable selon des proportions variant de 5 à 10 %, le plus souvent. Le procédé de fabrication de ces blocs est relativement long et nécessite, outre la cuisson, l'utilisation d'un moule résistant à des pressions de l'ordre de 108 Pa.To achieve high filling coefficients, for example of 1400 g / dm 3 , compact propellant charges have been proposed, that is to say blocks of one or more powder mixtures produced in particular under hot pressure in the presence a thermosetting binder in proportions varying from 5 to 10%, most often. The manufacturing process for these blocks is relatively long and requires, in addition to cooking, the use of a mold resistant to pressures of the order of 10 8 Pa.

De plus, les chargements propulsifs compactés ainsi obtenus présentent une stabilité dimensionnelle insuffisante lorsqu'ils sont soumis à des cycles thermiques de vieillissement accéléré. En effet, les blocs de poudre comprimée se dilatent et se contractent, ce qui entraîne une évolution de la structure du liant perturbant considérablement le comportement balistique. Pour pallier cet inconvénient il est indispensable de faire subir aux charges compactées un ou plusieurs traitements thermiques de stabilisation. On a encore constaté que lorsque ces munitions sont soumises à un régime de vibrations intenses, par exemple dans une arme automatique, le bloc comprimé se cassait fréquemment. Dans ces deux cas, il se produit un déréglage important lors du tir qui se traduit par une élévation importante des pressions développées dans l'arme. Un autre inconvénient majeur des blocs propulsifs réside dans le fait qu'ils doivent posséder un diamètre sensiblement équivalent, mais non supérieur, à celui de l'ouverture des douilles dans lesquelles ils sont introduits ; dans bon nombre de cas. ces douilles possèdent un rétreint important à leur partie supérieure où vient se fixer le projectile, ce qui empêche leur utilisation avec des chargements compactés.In addition, the compact propellant charges thus obtained have insufficient dimensional stability when subjected to thermal cycles of accelerated aging. Indeed, the compressed powder blocks expand and contract, which results in an evolution of the structure of the binder considerably disturbing the ballistic behavior. To overcome this drawback, it is essential to subject the compacted loads to one or more thermal stabilization treatments. It has also been found that when these munitions are subjected to a regime of intense vibrations, for example in an automatic weapon, the compressed block frequently breaks. In these two cases, there is a significant adjustment during the firing which results in a significant increase in the pressures developed in the weapon. Another major drawback of the propellant units lies in the fact that they must have a diameter substantially equivalent, but not greater, than that of the opening of the sockets in which they are introduced; in many cases. these sockets have a significant constriction at their upper part where the projectile is fixed, which prevents their use with compacted loads.

On connaît le remplissage automatique des douilles métalliques par une poudre propulsive à grains sphériques, ou cylindriques mono- et multitubulaires sans liant d'aucune sorte. Cependant, bien que la fabrication de ce type de munitions soit automatisée, le coefficient de remplissage de la douille est limité à 1 000 g/dm3, dans les conditions les plus favorables.We know the automatic filling of metal sockets with a propellant powder with spherical grains, or cylindrical mono- and multitubular without binder of any kind. However, although the manufacture of this type of ammunition is automated, the filling coefficient of the cartridge case is limited to 1000 g / dm 3 , under the most favorable conditions.

L'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients précités en fournissant un chargement propulsif comportant au moins deux poudres dont le coefficient de remplissage est notablement supérieur à celui des chargements en vrac et qui ne nécessite aucune opération de compactage. Elle a aussi pour but de fournir un chargement propulsif qui peut être appliqué à une douille de nature quelconque présentant ou non un rétreint. Elle a encore pour but de fournir un chargement qui peut être introduit dans une douille de façon automatique ou semi-automatique très rapide. Elle a aussi pour but de conférer aux chargements à douille combustible une tenue mécanique convenable.The invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a propellant charge comprising at least two powders whose filling coefficient is significantly greater than that of bulk loads and which does not require any compacting operation. It also aims to provide a propellant charge which can be applied to a socket of any kind with or without necking. It also aims to provide a load which can be introduced into a socket automatically or semi-automatically very quickly. It also has the aim of conferring on the fuel socket loads a suitable mechanical strength.

L'invention a donc pour objet un chargement propulsif de munitions pour armes de tous calibres destiné à augmenter le coefficient de remplissage d'une douille métallique ou combustible, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par l'association d'une poudre à perforations et une poudre monotubulaire selon les pourcentages respectifs 60 à 85 % et 15 à 40 % et une matière d'enrobage selon un faible pourcentage.The subject of the invention is therefore a propellant charge of ammunition for weapons of all calibers intended to increase the filling coefficient of a metallic or combustible case, characterized in that it is constituted by the association of a powder with perforations and a monotubular powder according to the respective percentages 60 to 85% and 15 to 40% and a coating material according to a small percentage.

Selon une réalisation, le chargement propulsif peut être constitué par l'association d'une poudre à perforations et une poudre à grains sphériques selon les pourcentages respectifs 65 à 80 % et 20 à 35 % et une matière d'enrobage selon un faible pourcentage.According to one embodiment, the propellant charge can be constituted by the association of a powder with perforations and a powder with spherical grains according to the respective percentages 65 to 80% and 20 to 35% and a coating material according to a small percentage.

Selon une autre réalisation, le chargement propulsif peut être constitué par l'association d'une poudre à perforations, une poudre monotubulaire et une poudre à grains sphériques selon les pourcentages en masse respectifs 60 à 85 %, 15 à 40 % et 0 à 20 % et une matière d'enrobage selon un faible pourcentage.According to another embodiment, the propellant charge can be constituted by the association of a perforation powder, a monotubular powder and a powder with spherical grains according to the respective percentages by mass 60 to 85%, 15 to 40% and 0 to 20 % and a coating material in a small percentage.

De façon avantageuse le pourcentage de matière d'enrobage est compris entre 0,5 et 3,5 % par rapport à la masse totale de poudre.Advantageously, the percentage of coating material is between 0.5 and 3.5% relative to the total mass of powder.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la matière d'enrobage est un agglomérant huileux, par exemple du dibutylphtalate ou un polyisocyanate, en particulier un diisocyanate.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the coating material is an oily binder, for example dibutylphthalate or a polyisocyanate, in particular a diisocyanate.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, la matière d'enrobage est un prépolymère thermodurcissable par exemple un polyuréthane.According to another embodiment of the invention, the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer, for example a polyurethane.

On a constaté qu'en choisissant des pourcentages bien définis d'une poudre à 19 perforations d'une poudre monotubulaire et/ou d'une poudre à grains sphériques mélangées à une matière d'enrobage, on obtenait des chargements présentant un coefficienf de remplissage voisin de 1 200 g/dm3. Ces chargements peuvent être réalisés unitairement c'est-à-dire cartouche par cartouche dans un mélangeur, où les grains des trois poudres sont enrobés ce qui assure en outre une bonne répartition granulométrique. De cette manière, la disposition spatiale des grains ne varie pas dans le temps même après un stockage prolongé et les caractéristiques balistiques des munitions ainsi obtenues ne sont pas modifiées. Ainsi avec des munitions de 30 mm, on a obtenu une augmentation moyenne de 20 % de la densité du chargement.It has been found that by choosing well defined percentages of a powder with 19 perforations of a monotubular powder and / or of a powder with spherical grains mixed with a coating material, we obtained loads having a filling coefficients. around 1,200 g / dm 3 . These loads can be carried out individually, that is to say cartridge by cartridge in a mixer, where the grains of the three powders are coated, which also ensures good particle size distribution. In this way, the spatial arrangement of the grains does not vary over time even after prolonged storage and the ballistic characteristics of the ammunition thus obtained are not modified. Thus with 30 mm ammunition, we obtained an average increase of 20% in the density of the load.

Lorsque les munitions de 30 mm sont fabriquées avec des douilles présentant un rétreint la masse de poudre est plus importante que celle utilisée avec les douilles sans rétreint. Il est donc nécessaire d'augmenter sensiblement le pourcentage de liant pour intensifier son rôle de modérateur superficiel de combustion, afin que la pression générée dans l'arme soit compatible avec celle-ci.When the 30 mm ammunition is manufactured with casings having a constriction, the mass of powder is greater than that used with the casings without constriction. It is therefore necessary to significantly increase the percentage of binder to intensify its role as superficial combustion moderator, so that the pressure generated in the weapon is compatible with it.

Il est à remarquer que les dimensions des grains des trois poudres doivent être adaptées au calibre de la munition et il est préférable que l'épaisseur de chacune des poudres soit sensiblement équivalente, l'épaisseur de la poudre monotubulaire étant généralement la plus faible ce qui est avantageux au point de vue association dimensionnelle, une correction balistique étant apportée par un traitement modérateur superficiel plus poussé.It should be noted that the grain dimensions of the three powders must be adapted to the caliber of the ammunition and it is preferable that the thickness of each of the powders is substantially equivalent, the thickness of the monotubular powder generally being the smallest, which is advantageous from the point of view of dimensional association, a ballistic correction being brought about by a more advanced surface moderating treatment.

Un tout premier résultat procuré par le chargement selon l'invention est une augmentation très sensible du coefficient de remplissage de la douille qui atteint au moins 1 200 g/dm3 par rapport aux chargements réalisés automatiquement avec de la poudre en vrac. D'autre part, la matière d'enrobage joue le rôle de modérateur superficiel complémentaire de combustion. Dans le cas où la matière d'enrobage est un prépolymère thermodurcissable, les constituants du chargement après remplissage de la douille se transforment en un agrégat solide possédant une résistance mécanique non négligeable qui s'adapte particulièrement au chargement des douilles combustibles. On obtient ainsi un ensemble combustible de bonne tenue mécanique. Les polyisocyanates, grâce à des réactions chimiques de liaison avec la nitrocellulose des poudres conduisent à des chargements figés possédant des propriétés mécaniques comparables à celles obtenues à partir de liants thermodurcissables. Le chargement figé in situ ne flotte donc pas comme c'est le cas pour des chargements compactés préalablement et résiste très bien aux cycles thermiques de vieillissement par exemple un cycle thermo-hygrométrique.A very first result obtained by the loading according to the invention is a very significant increase in the filling coefficient of the sleeve which reaches at least 1,200 g / dm 3 compared to the loading carried out automatically with bulk powder. On the other hand, the coating material plays the role of additional surface moderator of combustion. In the case where the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer, the constituents of the charge after filling the sleeve are transformed into a solid aggregate having a considerable mechanical resistance which is particularly suitable for the loading of combustible sleeves. A fuel assembly with good mechanical strength is thus obtained. Polyisocyanates, thanks to chemical reactions of connection with the nitrocellulose of the powders lead to fixed loads having mechanical properties comparable to those obtained from thermosetting binders. The frozen loading in situ therefore does not float as is the case for previously compacted loads and is very resistant to thermal aging cycles, for example a thermohygrometric cycle.

Lorsqu'on réalise des chargements volumineux, par exemple pour des munitions, de 120 mm, un canal axial doit être pratiqué de façon connue dans le chargement de manière à faciliter l'allumage, à assurer la sécurité de fonctionnement et à obtenir une bonne régularité de tir. D'autre part, il est quelquefois nécessaire de ménager un canal axial dans les chargements pour douille à rétreint, tout particulièrement lorsque ce rétreint est très accentué, ce qui correspond le plus souvent à des munitions à performances élevées. Les poudres mises en oeuvre habituellement dans la fabrication des munitions de calibre 20 à 30 mm doivent subir un traitement modérateur très poussé ; ce traitement peut être réalisé en partie ou en totalité en augmentant la proportion de liant.When carrying out large loads, for example for ammunition, of 120 mm, an axial channel must be made in a known manner in the load so as to facilitate ignition, to ensure operational safety and to obtain good regularity. shooting. On the other hand, it is sometimes necessary to provide an axial channel in the loadings for necked bushing, especially when this necked is very accentuated, which most often corresponds to high performance ammunition. The powders usually used in the manufacture of 20 to 30 mm caliber ammunition must undergo a very extensive moderating treatment; this treatment can be carried out in part or in whole by increasing the proportion of binder.

Pour réaliser des munitions comportant un chargement selon l'invention, on procède de la manière suivante ou de façon équivalente. On mélange les poudres selon les pourcentages indiqués en quelques secondes dans un mélangeur avec une matière d'enrobage choisie de façon convenable en faible proportion puis on introduit dans la douille la masse non solidifiée ainsi obtenue. Le positionnement du projectile permet de parfaire le tassement du chargement. Si la matière d'enrobage est un prépolymère thermodurcissable, les munitions ainsi réalisées sont ensuite soumises à un étuvage à une température inférieure à 100°C. Le chargement se solidifie dans la douille et adhère à la paroi de celle-ci. On voit donc que le chargement selon l'invention ne nécessite pas l'utilisation de pression élevée par exemple de l'ordre de 8.107 Pa que nécessite la réalisation d'un chargement compacté et peut être mis en oeuvre sur des douilles présentant ou non un rétreint.To produce ammunition comprising a load according to the invention, the procedure is as follows or in an equivalent manner. The powders are mixed according to the percentages indicated in a few seconds in a mixer with a coating material suitably chosen in small proportion and then the non-solidified mass thus obtained is introduced into the socket. The positioning of the projectile makes it possible to perfect the packing of the load. If the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer, the ammunition thus produced is then subjected to baking at a temperature below 100 ° C. The load solidifies in the socket and adheres to the wall thereof. It can therefore be seen that the loading according to the invention does not require the use of high pressure, for example of the order of 8.10 7 Pa, which requires the production of a compacted loading and can be implemented on sockets having or not a constriction.

D'autres avantages du chargement selon l'invention seront mieux compris à la lumière de la description qui va suivre de modes de réalisation particuliers donnés pour une munition de 30 mm à titre indicatif sans aucun caractère limitatif. Les exemples 1 à 3 illustrent le mode de réalisation selon lequel la matière d'enrobage est un agglomérant huileux et les exemples 4 à 8 le mode de réalisation selon lequel la matière d'enrobage est un prépolymère thermodurcissable. Dans les exemples suivants, la vitesse du projectile est mesurée de façon classique à 25 mètres ; la pression est mesurée classiquement à l'aide d'un dispositif piézoélectrique ; les pourcentages indiqués sont des pourcentages en masse. Le pourcentage de liant est calculé par rapport à la masse totale de poudre. Dans tous les exemples suivants les poudres utilisées sont constituées par de la nitrocellulose (simple base). Les grains cylindriques monotubulaires ont une épaisseur comprise entre 0,3 et 0,4 mm ; les grains cylindriques à 19 trous ont un web de 0,36 mm ; les grains sphériques ont un diamètre de 0,35 à 0,47 mm.Other advantages of the loading according to the invention will be better understood in the light of the description which follows of particular embodiments given for a 30 mm ammunition for information only without any limiting character. Examples 1 to 3 illustrate the embodiment according to which the coating material is an oily binder and Examples 4 to 8 the embodiment according to which the coating material is a thermosetting prepolymer. In the following examples, the speed of the projectile is conventionally measured at 25 meters; the pressure is conventionally measured using a piezoelectric device; the percentages indicated are percentages by mass. The percentage of binder is calculated relative to the total mass of powder. In all of the following examples, the powders used consist of nitrocellulose (simple base). The monotubular cylindrical grains have a thickness of between 0.3 and 0.4 mm; the cylindrical grains with 19 holes have a web of 0.36 mm; the spherical grains have a diameter of 0.35 to 0.47 mm.

Exemple 1Example 1

On mélange de façon intime les trois poudres ainsi que l'agglomérant huileux selon la composition indiquée ci-après. Le chargement ainsi obtenu en quelques secondes est introduit dans les douilles. Puis les munitions sont testées balis- tiquement après plusieurs jours de repos.

  • - 77 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 15 % de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 8 % de poudre à grains sphériques
  • - 2,0 % de dibutylphtalate par rapport à la composition totale de poudre.
The three powders and the oily binder are intimately mixed according to the composition indicated below. The charge thus obtained in a few seconds is introduced into the sockets. Then the ammunition is tested ballistically after several days of rest.
  • - 77% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 15% monotubular powder
  • - 8% spherical grain powder
  • - 2.0% dibutylphthalate relative to the total powder composition.

Les résultats sont les suivants :

  • Densité du chargement : d = 1 200 g/dm3.
  • Vitesse du projectile : V25 = 824 m/s.
  • Pression piézoélectrique : P = 2 723.105 Pa.
The results are as follows:
  • Loading density: d = 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • Projectile speed: V25 = 824 m / s.
  • Piezoelectric pressure: P = 2,723.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 2Example 2

On réalise un chargement dans les mêmes conditions que dans l'exemple précédent à partir de la composition suivante :

  • - 77 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 15% de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 8 % de poudre à grains sphériques
  • - 0,7 % de diisocyanate.
A loading is carried out under the same conditions as in the previous example from the following composition:
  • - 77% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 15% monotubular powder
  • - 8% spherical grain powder
  • - 0.7% diisocyanate.

La densité du chargement est de : 1 200 g/dm3.The loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est : V25 = 898 m/s.The speed of the projectile is: V25 = 898 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est P = 3 764.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is P = 3,764.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 3Example 3

On réalise un chargement présentant la composition suivante :

  • - 77 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 15% de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 8 % de poudre à grains sphériques
  • - 0,9 % de diisocyanate.
A loading is carried out having the following composition:
  • - 77% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 15% monotubular powder
  • - 8% spherical grain powder
  • - 0.9% diisocyanate.

La densité du chargement est de : 1 200 g/dm3.The loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est V25 = 888 m/s.The velocity of the projectile is V25 = 888 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est P = 3 590.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is P = 3,590.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 4Example 4

On réalise un chargement selon le procédé indiqué par mélange des composants de départ suivants :

  • - 75% de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 15% de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 10 % de poudre à grains sphériques.
A loading is carried out according to the process indicated by mixing the following starting components:
  • - 75% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 15% monotubular powder
  • - 10% spherical grain powder.

On utilise 1 % d'un prépolymère thermodurcissable connu sous le nom de « HSV •, commercialisé par la société « Vos Schemie Soloplast •. Ce prépolymère est de type polyuréthane. Après remplissage des douilles les munitions sont soumises à un étuvage à 90°C pendant 2 heures environ.Using 1% of a thermosetting prepolymer known under the name of "HSV •, marketed by the company" V os Schemie Soloplast •. This prepolymer is of the polyurethane type. After filling the cartridges, the ammunition is subjected to a baking at 90 ° C for approximately 2 hours.

La densité du chargement est de : 1 200 g/dm3.The loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est : V25 = 873 m/s.The speed of the projectile is: V25 = 873 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est P = 3 648.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is P = 3,648.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 5Example 5

On réalise des munitions dans les mêmes conditions que précédemment avec les mêmes pourcentages de poudre mais avec 1,5 % de HSV. La densité du chargement est de : 1 200 g/dm3.Ammunition is produced under the same conditions as above with the same percentages of powder but with 1.5% of HSV. The loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est V25 = 893 m/s.The velocity of the projectile is V25 = 893 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est P = 3 980.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is P = 3,980.10 5 Pa.

La dispersion des résultats au tir s'accentue lorsque la proportion de liant augmente.The dispersion of the marksmanship results increases when the proportion of binder increases.

Exemple 6Example 6

On soumet des munitions réalisées selon l'exemple 5 à 10 cycles de vieillissement de 24 heures chacun (cycle thermo-hygrométrique).Ammunition produced according to Example 5 is subjected to 10 aging cycles of 24 hours each (thermo-hygrometric cycle).

On obtient les résultats suivants :

  • Vitesse du projectile V25 = 897 m/s.
The following results are obtained:
  • Projectile speed V25 = 897 m / s.

. Pression piézoélectrique P = 4 094.195 Pa.. Piezoelectric pressure P = 4094.19 5 Pa.

On constate que les effets sur le comportement balistique dus au vieillissement sont très limités et ne dépassent jamais les limites de dispersion des chargements classiques en vrac.It is noted that the effects on the ballistic behavior due to aging are very limited and never exceed the limits of dispersion of the traditional loads in bulk.

Exemple 7Example 7

On réalise des munitions selon le mode de réalisation donné à l'exemple 4. La composition des chargements est la suivante :

  • - 73 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 17 % de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 10 % de poudre à grains sphériques
  • - 1,1 % de H.S.V.
Ammunition is produced according to the embodiment given in Example 4. The composition of the charges is as follows:
  • - 73% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 17% monotubular powder
  • - 10% spherical grain powder
  • - 1.1% HSV

Les résultats sont les suivants :The results are as follows:

Densité du chargement : 1 200 g/dM 3.Loading density: 1,200 g / d M 3 .

Vitesse du projectile : V25 = 865 m/s.Projectile speed: V25 = 865 m / s.

Pression piézoélectrique : P = 3 578.105 Pa.Piezoelectric pressure: P = 3,578.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 8Example 8

On réalise des munitions comportant des chargements ayant la composition donnée à l'exemple précédent. Toutefois le pourcentage de prépolymère HSV est de 1,4 %. Les résultats sont les suivants :

  • Densité : 1 200 g/dm3.
  • Vitesse : V25 = 853 m/s.
  • Pression : P = 3 279.105 Pa.
Ammunition is produced comprising charges having the composition given in the previous example. However, the percentage of HSV prepolymer is 1.4%. The results are as follows:
  • Density: 1,200 g / dm 3 .
  • Speed: V25 = 853 m / s.
  • Pressure: P = 3,279.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 9Example 9

On réalise un chargement selon la méthode enseignée dans l'exemple 1 à partir de la composition suivante :

  • - 75 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 25 % de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 1 à 1,5 % de diisocyanate.
A loading is carried out according to the method taught in Example 1 from the following composition:
  • - 75% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 25% monotubular powder
  • - 1 to 1.5% diisocyanate.

La densité du chargement est de 1 200 g/dm3.The loading density is 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est : V25 = 867 m/s.The speed of the projectile is: V25 = 867 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est : P = 3 220.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is: P = 3 220.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 10Example 10

On réalise un chargement selon la méthode enseignée dans l'exemple 1 à partir de la composition suivante :

  • - 70 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 30 % de poudre à grains sphériques
  • - 1 à 1,5 % de diisocyanate.
A loading is carried out according to the method taught in Example 1 from the following composition:
  • - 70% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 30% spherical grain powder
  • - 1 to 1.5% diisocyanate.

La densité du chargement est de : 1 200 g/dm3.The loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est : V25 = 846 m/s.The speed of the projectile is: V25 = 846 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est : P = 3 220.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is: P = 3 220.10 5 Pa.

Exemple 11Example 11

On réalise un chargement selon la méthode enseignée dans l'exemple 1 à partir de la composition suivante :

  • - 68 % de poudre à 19 perforations
  • - 32 % de poudre monotubulaire
  • - 0,6 % de diisocyanate.
A loading is carried out according to the method taught in Example 1 from the following composition:
  • - 68% powder with 19 perforations
  • - 32% monotubular powder
  • - 0.6% diisocyanate.

Les résultats sont les suivants :The results are as follows:

La densité du chargement est de : 1 200 g/dm3.The loading density is: 1,200 g / dm 3 .

La vitesse du projectile est V25 = 894 m/s.The velocity of the projectile is V25 = 894 m / s.

La pression piézoélectrique est P = 3 056.105 Pa.The piezoelectric pressure is P = 3,056.10 5 Pa.

Claims (12)

1. Ammunition propellant charge for all-calibre weapons designed to increase the filling coefficient of a metal or combustible casing, characterized by the fact that it is made of at least one perforated propellant associated with a mono- tubular propellant in mass proportions of 60 to 85 % and 15 to 40 % respectively, together with a coating material in a small proportion.
2. Ammunition propellant charge for all-calibre weapons designed to increase the filling coefficient of a metal or combustible casing, characterized by the fact that it is made of at least one perforated propellant associated with a spherical grain propellant in mass proportions of 65 to 80 % and 20 to 35 % respectively, together with a coating material in a small proportion.
3. Ammunition propellant charge for all-calibre weapons designed to increase the filling coefficient of a metal or combustible casing, characterized by the fact that it is made of at least one perforated propellant associated with a mono- tubular propellant and a spherical grain propellant in mass proportions of 60 to 85 %, 15 to 40 % and 0 to 20 % respectively, together with a coating material in a small proportion.
4. Propellant charge in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the mass proportion of the coating material ranges from 0.5 to 3.5 % of the total mass of propellant.
5. Propellant charge in accordance with Claim 4, characterized by the fact that the coating material is an oily binder.
6. Propellant charge in accordance with Claim 5, characterized by the fact the coating material consist of dibutylphthalate.
7. Propellant charge in accordance with Claim 5, characterized by the fact that the oily binder consists of a polyisocyanate, more particularly a diisocyanate.
8. Propellant charge in accordance with Claim 4, characterized by the fact that the coating material is selected among thermohardening prepolymers.
9. Propellant charge in accordance with Claim 8, characterized by the fact that the prepolymer is a polyurethane.
10. Ammunition propellant charge for a 30 mm caliber weapon in accordance with any one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the thickness of the powders ranges from 0,3 to 0,47 mm.
11. A process for producing ammunition including a charge in accordance with one of the preceding claims comprising the following steps :
- mixing said grains propellant together with the coating material to obtain a non-solidified compound,
- fitting said compound in the casing with or without recess and combustible or not,
- positioning the projectile, and
- stoving the ammunition at a temperature below 100 °C when the said coating material is a thermohardening prepclymer.
EP79400244A 1978-04-13 1979-04-12 Propulsive charge for ammunition and process for charging cartridges Expired EP0005112B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7810854 1978-04-13
FR7810854A FR2422925A1 (en) 1978-04-13 1978-04-13 PROPULSIVE LOADING OF AMMUNITION

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0005112A1 EP0005112A1 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0005112B1 true EP0005112B1 (en) 1982-01-13

Family

ID=9207051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400244A Expired EP0005112B1 (en) 1978-04-13 1979-04-12 Propulsive charge for ammunition and process for charging cartridges

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0005112B1 (en)
AU (1) AU534179B2 (en)
BE (1) BE875534A (en)
DE (1) DE2961805D1 (en)
EG (1) EG14237A (en)
ES (1) ES8200184A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2422925A1 (en)
IL (1) IL57101A (en)
IT (1) IT1115185B (en)
NO (1) NO146516C (en)
ZA (1) ZA791753B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2518736B1 (en) * 1981-12-17 1986-09-26 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale MIXED LOADS FOR AMMUNITION WITH SOCKET CONSISTING OF AGGLOMERATED PROPULSIVE POWDER AND GRAIN PROPULSIVE POWDER
FR2522133B1 (en) * 1982-02-19 1986-02-21 Termet Pere Fils NEW CARTRIDGE IMPROVING THE POWER OF AN EXPLOSIVE CHARGE
DE3715585A1 (en) * 1987-05-09 1988-11-24 Rheinmetall Gmbh MULTI-HOLE DRIVE CHARGE POWDER GRAIN WITH VARIABLE PROGRESSIVITY OF COMBUSTION
FR2625306B1 (en) * 1987-12-23 1993-05-21 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale AMMUNITION WITH SOCKET COMPRISING A MIXED PROPULSIVE LOADING AND FRAGMENTABLE LOADS IN AGGLOMERATED POWDER FOR CARRYING OUT THIS LOADING
DE3815436A1 (en) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-16 Muiden Chemie B V DRIVE CHARGES FOR LARGE-CALIBRED BULLETS
SE518660C2 (en) * 2001-03-14 2002-11-05 Nexplo Bofors Ab Methods of producing driver discharges for firearm guns and driver discharges prepared according to the method

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE533424A (en) *
US2289318A (en) * 1932-12-14 1942-07-07 Atlas Powder Co Propellent fuel cartridge
FR957484A (en) * 1945-12-22 1950-02-20
FR953268A (en) * 1946-12-20 1949-12-02 Ici Ltd Smokeless, granular propellants
NL205717A (en) * 1959-01-29 1900-01-01
US3180770A (en) * 1963-05-24 1965-04-27 George J Mills Propellant fuel containing magnesium aluminum alloy
FR1380494A (en) * 1963-08-19 1964-12-04 Aerojet General Co Solid propellant composition and its preparation process
US3706278A (en) * 1971-02-25 1972-12-19 Us Army Distributed propulsion for guns
FR2134765A5 (en) * 1971-04-20 1972-12-08 France Etat
US3711343A (en) * 1971-08-20 1973-01-16 Us Army Cellular nitrocellulose based composition and method of making
CH579549A5 (en) * 1973-01-18 1976-09-15 Ciba Geigy Ag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES479526A0 (en) 1981-10-16
AU534179B2 (en) 1984-01-12
AU4589979A (en) 1979-10-18
NO146516B (en) 1982-07-05
ES8200184A1 (en) 1981-10-16
IT7921822A0 (en) 1979-04-12
NO791216L (en) 1979-10-16
EP0005112A1 (en) 1979-10-31
EG14237A (en) 1984-06-30
DE2961805D1 (en) 1982-02-25
FR2422925A1 (en) 1979-11-09
ZA791753B (en) 1980-04-30
BE875534A (en) 1979-07-31
IL57101A (en) 1984-01-31
FR2422925B1 (en) 1981-07-03
IT1115185B (en) 1986-02-03
NO146516C (en) 1982-10-13

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