EP0003946A1 - Kompakte Röntgeneinrichtung - Google Patents

Kompakte Röntgeneinrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0003946A1
EP0003946A1 EP79870004A EP79870004A EP0003946A1 EP 0003946 A1 EP0003946 A1 EP 0003946A1 EP 79870004 A EP79870004 A EP 79870004A EP 79870004 A EP79870004 A EP 79870004A EP 0003946 A1 EP0003946 A1 EP 0003946A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rings
anode
cathode
ray tube
metallic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP79870004A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joseph Defechereux
Roger Gosselin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balteau SA
Original Assignee
Balteau SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Balteau SA filed Critical Balteau SA
Publication of EP0003946A1 publication Critical patent/EP0003946A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H05G1/06—X-ray tube and at least part of the power supply apparatus being mounted within the same housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/10—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/10—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube
    • H05G1/12—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube with dc or rectified single-phase ac or double-phase

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a portable, compact and lightweight radiology device.
  • An X-ray machine uses an X-ray tube as a source of penetrating radiation for the examination of various objects, including the human body.
  • a tube is supplied with high voltage, generally obtained from the network. distribution of electrical power of alternative voltage and by means of a transformer, voltage booster.
  • the devices In the use of X-ray devices for the inspection of hydrocarbon or gas transport networks, frames or pressure tanks, for example, the devices must be handled on construction sites and one of the difficulties of their construction is to make them as compact and light as possible while retaining the performance they must provide.
  • One of the ways that has been used to build lighter devices is to power them with a high frequency.
  • a transformer is all the lighter as the frequency is higher, so that it is possible to save weight on the transformers.
  • a frequency changer is provided upstream of the transformer primary.
  • a disadvantage of this system is that the X-ray tubes cannot withstand the problem of being supplied at high frequency without problems, due to phenomena of dielectric fatigue in the envelope of the tube, already severely stressed by the high electric field which prevails around the tube.
  • X-ray tubes are generally fed symmetrically to the earth.
  • a tube which operates at a voltage of 30C kV is supplied in such a way that the cathode and the anode are respectively subjected to voltages of 150 kV of opposite polarity. This makes isolation from earth easier, but makes it more difficult to cool the anode since the latter is brought to a high voltage.
  • the tube could be powered by applying full voltage to the cathode, then the anode could be grounded, so that cooling would be greatly facilitated.
  • mounting with an anode to earth allows the shielding material, generally lead, to be placed directly in contact with the anode, which again allows a significant weight gain for a given degree of shielding against leakage radiation. .
  • the difficulty in making a light portable device is transferred on the one hand to the construction of the tube and on the other hand to the high voltage generator.
  • the tube it is known to use a so-called cascade construction method for constructing X-ray tubes supporting voltages greater than one million volts.
  • the cascade tube comprises an envelope formed by an assembly of glass rings, with ground edges, separated by metal discs.
  • the different disks are powered by voltage sources or by a divi voltage generator, for example a resistive divider.
  • the high voltage generator if you want to use a high frequency to make the transformer as light as possible, the construction of it becomes very difficult because it is not possible to avoid that the winding secondary of this transformer has a high capacity.
  • the higher the frequency the higher the current delivered by this transformer on its own capacity, sometimes being considerably higher than the current delivered in the load.
  • a voltage multiplier circuit can be used which makes it possible to obtain high voltages from a transformer delivering a lower voltage.
  • a conventional multiplier circuit as described by Cockroft and Walton comprising for example four voltage doubling stages, one could obtain a no-load voltage of the order of 360 kV from a peak voltage of some 45 kV at the secondary of the power transformer.
  • a device in a compact device it is necessary to design, for this device, an embodiment compatible with a compact cascade X-ray tube while preserving a distribution terminal of the electric field in the tube.
  • the invention solves the problem of producing a compact and low-weight radiology device, suitable as a portable device in industrial radiology. It also solves the problem of economically manufacturing an X-ray tube, of the cascade type, which is sealed against high vacuum.
  • the illustrated embodiment is that of a radiology device with a nominal voltage of 300 kV.
  • the X-ray tube 10 of generally cylindrical shape comprises an anode 1 mounted on a circular plate 4 at one end of the tube and a cathode 5 mounted on a circular plate 6 at the other end of the tube.
  • the anode is connected to earth. It contains a tungsten tablet 2 and is provided with cooling channels 3 traversed by a circulation of water in order to cool the tablet 2.
  • the cylindrical envelope of the tube consists of a succession of metallic cylindrical rings 7 to 7 "" alternating with cylindrical ceramic rings 8 to 8 “', the rings being joined to each other by tight connection.
  • the plates 4 and 6 are welded to the terminal metal rings.
  • the metal ring 7 is connected to the anode and the intermediate rings 7 ', 7 ", 7"' are connected to increasing electrical potentials.
  • control electrodes 9', 9 ", 9” ', 9 “” having the function of protecting the inner wall of the ceramic rings 8, 8', 8 ", 8” 'against stray electrons which would create a danger of piercing.
  • the control electrodes extend so as to practically overlap. The number of rings will depend on the total tension on the tube 10.
  • the invention provides a practical and economical manufacturing process. Indeed, if the use of ceramics has a certain number of advantages both from the mechanical point of view and from the dielectric point of view, the construction of a determined ceramic part requires the creation of complicated and expensive tools. In addition, the development of a given X-ray tube requires a large number of tests, and it is thus necessary to carry out many expensive tools for experimental tubes.
  • the X-ray tube is constructed using ceramic cuffs 8 provided with metal flanges 7 sealed at one end.
  • the annular control electrodes 9 are welded to the inner wall of the flanges.
  • the desired number of ceramic sleeves are stacked, metal flanges up and the flanges are brazed to the bottom edge of the ceramic cuff it supports, thereby forming the cylindrical shell of the tube.
  • At the ends of the assembly are then welded on one side the plate carrying the cathode and on the other side, the plate carrying the anode.
  • the waterproof X-ray tube is thus constructed simply and economically.
  • the sealed tube is then ready to be mounted in a tank with the high voltage generator device and the cathode heating device.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the assembly of an apparatus mounted in a tank 12.
  • the tube 10 is fixed in this tank by the flange 11 which has the anode 1.
  • the high voltage generator device comprises a supply transformer 20, the primary of which is to be connected to a voltage source, preferably at high frequency, and a voltage multiplier device 30 connected to the secondary of the transformer 20.
  • the voltage multiplier device 30 comprises several stages of voltage doublers in series each consisting of capacitors and diodes in a circuit described by Cochckroft and Wallon. According to the invention, the capacitors are arranged in a double toroidal configuration coaxially surrounding the cylindrical envelope of the tube 10.
  • the capacitors 13, 13 ', 13 “, 13'” are arranged around the tube 10 and the capacitors 14, 14 ' , 14 ", 14 '” are arranged around the capacitors 13 to 13 “', providing an annular space 16 between the two coaxial assemblies 16 in which the rectifier diodes 15 are arranged.
  • the junction points between the capacitors of the interior assembly 13 are connected to the metal rings of the tube 10.
  • the capacitors 14-14 "' are charged at each alternation of the voltage supplied by the supply transformer 20 and they discharge at the next alternation in the capacitors 13-13"'. At the junction points of the capacitors 13-13 "'there are gradually increasing continuous high potentials from the anode to the cathode.
  • the supply transformer 20 is advantageously produced in the form of a ring.
  • a primary winding 18 on which are arranged wafers 19 which, put in series, constitute the high voltage winding. This construction method makes it possible to obtain, all things being equal, a low secondary capacity.
  • the tube can be heated by any known device.
  • the device comprises a conductive bar 21 which passes through the tank according to a diameter and two toroidal cores 22 and 23, provided with excitation windings which constitute the primary of a transformer.
  • the bar 21 together with the tank constitute a secondary closed on itself.
  • the bar 21 constitutes the primary of a second transformer and the winding 25 surrounding the core 24 feeds the filament of the cathode 5.
  • a current flows in the bar 21, it creates a flow in the toroidal core 24 and this flow induced in the secondary winding 25 the heating current of the filament of the cathode 5.
  • a particularly compact and light radiology device can thus be produced which avoids the drawbacks of the various previous embodiments while presenting the combined advantages of these embodiments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP79870004A 1978-02-22 1979-02-21 Kompakte Röntgeneinrichtung Withdrawn EP0003946A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE6046357 1978-02-22
BE6046357A BE864224A (fr) 1978-02-22 1978-02-22 Appareil a rayons x avec alimentation et tube de type cascade

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0003946A1 true EP0003946A1 (de) 1979-09-05

Family

ID=3874767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79870004A Withdrawn EP0003946A1 (de) 1978-02-22 1979-02-21 Kompakte Röntgeneinrichtung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0003946A1 (de)
BE (1) BE864224A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2579401A1 (fr) * 1985-03-22 1986-09-26 Thomson Cgr Ensemble generateur haute tension et dispositif radiogene
EP0381580A1 (de) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-08 General Electric Cgr S.A. Anordnung zur Hochspannungsversorgung einer Röntgenröhre
FR2655231A1 (fr) * 1989-11-24 1991-05-31 Gen Electric Cgr Bloc haute tension pour tube a rayons x avec cuve de refroidissement integree au circuit secondaire.
FR2680938A1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1993-03-05 Gen Electric Cgr Bloc radiogene avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension integre dans la gaine.

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1662891A (en) * 1921-01-14 1928-03-20 Mutscheller Arthur Combined vacuum tube and transformer
US1963051A (en) * 1932-05-14 1934-06-12 Philips Nv Incandescible cathode discharge tube having a gaseous filling
FR874899A (fr) * 1940-04-30 1942-08-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements à la construction des dispositifs à décharge électrique et analogues
FR957141A (de) * 1950-02-16
FR1145237A (fr) * 1955-02-14 1957-10-23 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux tubes à rayons x
US2923845A (en) * 1955-12-13 1960-02-02 Gen Electric Electron flow device
DE1564340A1 (de) * 1966-07-30 1969-07-17 Mueller C H F Gmbh Einkesselgenerator zur Erzeugung von beispielsweise Roentgenstrahlen
GB1259311A (de) * 1968-03-20 1972-01-05

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR957141A (de) * 1950-02-16
US1662891A (en) * 1921-01-14 1928-03-20 Mutscheller Arthur Combined vacuum tube and transformer
US1963051A (en) * 1932-05-14 1934-06-12 Philips Nv Incandescible cathode discharge tube having a gaseous filling
FR874899A (fr) * 1940-04-30 1942-08-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements à la construction des dispositifs à décharge électrique et analogues
FR1145237A (fr) * 1955-02-14 1957-10-23 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux tubes à rayons x
US2923845A (en) * 1955-12-13 1960-02-02 Gen Electric Electron flow device
DE1564340A1 (de) * 1966-07-30 1969-07-17 Mueller C H F Gmbh Einkesselgenerator zur Erzeugung von beispielsweise Roentgenstrahlen
GB1259311A (de) * 1968-03-20 1972-01-05

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2579401A1 (fr) * 1985-03-22 1986-09-26 Thomson Cgr Ensemble generateur haute tension et dispositif radiogene
EP0198741A1 (de) * 1985-03-22 1986-10-22 General Electric Cgr S.A. Hochspannungsgenerator und Röntgengerät
US4720844A (en) * 1985-03-22 1988-01-19 Thomson-Cgr High-voltage generating assembly and an X-ray device
EP0381580A1 (de) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-08 General Electric Cgr S.A. Anordnung zur Hochspannungsversorgung einer Röntgenröhre
FR2643534A1 (fr) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-24 Gen Electric Cgr Dispositif d'alimentation haute tension pour tube a rayons x
US5003452A (en) * 1989-02-02 1991-03-26 General Electric Cgr S.A. High-voltage supply device for an x-ray tube
FR2655231A1 (fr) * 1989-11-24 1991-05-31 Gen Electric Cgr Bloc haute tension pour tube a rayons x avec cuve de refroidissement integree au circuit secondaire.
EP0430755A1 (de) * 1989-11-24 1991-06-05 General Electric Cgr S.A. Hochspannungsanlage für Röntgenröhre mit in Sekundärkreis integriertem Kühlbehälter
US5060253A (en) * 1989-11-24 1991-10-22 General Electric Cgr S.A. High-voltage block for an X-ray tube, the block including a cooling tank integrated with its secondary circuit
FR2680938A1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1993-03-05 Gen Electric Cgr Bloc radiogene avec dispositif d'alimentation haute tension integre dans la gaine.
EP0531190A1 (de) * 1991-09-03 1993-03-10 General Electric Cgr S.A. Röntgeneinheit mit im Gehäuse integrierter Hochspannungsversorgungsanordnung
US5303283A (en) * 1991-09-03 1994-04-12 General Electric Cgr S.A. X-ray unit with high-voltage power supply device integrated into the casing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE864224A (fr) 1978-06-16

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn
RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: GOSSELIN, ROGER

Inventor name: DEFECHEREUX, JOSEPH