EP0001723B1 - Vorgefertigtes Bauelement verwendet als Schalung - Google Patents

Vorgefertigtes Bauelement verwendet als Schalung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0001723B1
EP0001723B1 EP78400080A EP78400080A EP0001723B1 EP 0001723 B1 EP0001723 B1 EP 0001723B1 EP 78400080 A EP78400080 A EP 78400080A EP 78400080 A EP78400080 A EP 78400080A EP 0001723 B1 EP0001723 B1 EP 0001723B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
plate
construction
unitary
piece according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78400080A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0001723A2 (de
EP0001723A3 (en
Inventor
Francis Dran
Francis Dutruel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CENTRE D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES DE L'INDUSTRIE DU BETON MANUFACTURE
Centre dEtudes et de Recherche de lIndustrie du Beton CERIB
Original Assignee
CENTRE D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES DE L'INDUSTRIE DU BETON MANUFACTURE
Centre dEtudes et de Recherche de lIndustrie du Beton CERIB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CENTRE D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES DE L'INDUSTRIE DU BETON MANUFACTURE, Centre dEtudes et de Recherche de lIndustrie du Beton CERIB filed Critical CENTRE D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES DE L'INDUSTRIE DU BETON MANUFACTURE
Publication of EP0001723A2 publication Critical patent/EP0001723A2/de
Publication of EP0001723A3 publication Critical patent/EP0001723A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0001723B1 publication Critical patent/EP0001723B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/22—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members built-up by elements jointed in line
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated construction part forming a lost formwork element and comprising several first unitary elements of construction material assembled end to end, in particular for the manufacture of a lintel, of a framework post, an opening frame, etc ...
  • the invention aims to achieve a prefabricated construction part forming a lost formwork element, which can be manufactured to the dimensions required in the workshop or factory, so that it can be mounted directly without requiring handling equipment and limiting the minimum site operations.
  • the first unitary elements are secured at least on one of their faces by a plate of thermally insulating material which is mechanically connected to each of them by a tenon and mortise type bonding which is made of a material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane foams and phenolic foams.
  • a construction part of a given length or height is formed by assembling end to end the necessary number of unit elements which are joined together by the plate of insulating material, which allows the transport of the part on the site. .
  • a particular advantage of construction parts according to the invention lies in the fact that they make it possible to meet the standards in force relating to the cracking of coatings. Indeed, these parts intended for the singular points of a building can have thermal insulation characteristics comparable to those of building blocks as described in FR-A-2 341 714 already cited. In particular, it will be possible to form cells in the unitary elements constituting these parts. This avoids, at singular points, the formation of thermal bridges with temperature gradients likely to cause cracking of the coatings.
  • the first unitary elements are made of a construction material chosen from concrete, terracotta, building stones, etc.
  • the second unitary elements when they are provided, can also be made, at least in part, in one of these materials.
  • These second elements forming against-partitions can of course be made of other materials, for example based on plaster. They can even be multilayer elements.
  • the mechanical connection between the insulating material plate and the unitary elements placed end to end is of the tenon and mortise type.
  • This term covers a connection with for example at least one rib or groove of the plate engaged in a groove or rib of corresponding shape formed by the alignment of grooves or ribs of the different elements. These ribs or grooves can be continuous or discontinuous.
  • connection can also be achieved by engagement of pins carried by the plate in blind holes of the unit elements.
  • connection is preferably of the built-in type, that is to say with ribs or nipples having an increasing section from the surface of the plate on which they project.
  • connection may not be built-in.
  • the number of unitary formwork elements necessary to obtain a part of a given length is placed in a row and these elements are secured by positioning, for example by expansion in place, of a polyurethane foam or of a phenolic foam.
  • the expansion of the insulating foam is carried out in a interval between these two rows.
  • Figure 1 shows the first unitary formwork elements 10 identical to U-shaped assembled end to end and mechanically secured by a plate 11 of expanded insulating material.
  • the plate 11 carries, on its face 11a facing the first elements 10, ribs 12 in dovetail.
  • Each rib 12 is housed in a groove which is formed by putting end-to-end grooves 13 present on the outer faces of the wings 10a of the first elements 10 adjacent to the plate 11.
  • the second unitary counter-partition elements 15 in the form of plates of the same length I as the first elements 10 are assembled end to end and mechanically secured by the plate 11 on the side of its face 11b opposite the face 11a.
  • the plate 11 On this face 11b, the plate 11 carries ribs 16 in dovetail. Each rib 16 is housed in a groove formed by the end to end grooves 17 of the faces 15a of the second elements 15.
  • the elements 10 secured by the plate 11 form a construction part 18 which can constitute, for example, a formwork for a lintel.
  • the part 18 is put in place and then concrete is poured inside the first elements 10.
  • the part 18, forming lost formwork is left in place after the concrete has hardened and a lintel is obtained with a counter partition and an insulating plate incorporated without thermal bridges between the counter-partition and the lintel.
  • the mechanical connection made by the plate 11 must give the part 18 sufficient mechanical strength to form a lost formwork allowing, without further reinforcement, the pouring of concrete.
  • the insulator used is a relatively dense insulator having good mechanical properties, for example a polyurethane foam.
  • the first formwork elements 10 and second counter-partition elements 15 are placed end to end in a necessary number according to the length desired for the part 18. They are arranged in two parallel rows providing an interval between them, the elements 10 and 15 being placed with their faces provided with grooves facing one another. In the interval between these faces, the polyurethane foam expands.
  • the plate 11 is formed with its ribs 12 and 16. We then obtain the connection between the plate 11 and each of the elements 10 and 15.
  • connection with ribs 12, 16 and grooves 13, 17 in profile other than in a dovetail for example in a T profile, or, more generally, with a relief of the faces, facing one another, elements 10 and 15 suitable for ensuring a mechanical connection with the material insulating after expansion of the latter.
  • the first formwork elements 10 and the second counter-partition elements 15 are for example concrete elements produced by molding in installations of known type for the manufacture of blocks. Other materials could be used for these elements, for example shaped terracotta or a cut building stone.
  • the counter-partition element 15 may be a multilayer element and in particular comprise a fire-resistant layer, for example of plaster.
  • Figures 2 to 5 illustrate other embodiments of construction parts according to the invention.
  • the constituent materials of the elements forming these parts as well as their methods of manufacture and assembly are similar to those described above for part 18 and will therefore not be described below in detail.
  • FIG. 2 shows a part 28 comprising a row of first unit elements 20 in the form of frames assembled end to end and mechanically fastened on one of their faces by an insulating plate 21, the plate 21 bearing on its face 21 turned towards the first elements 20 one or more ribs 22 engaged in grooves 23 of the elements 20. On its other face 21 b, the plate 21 carries ribs 26 engaged in grooves 27 of second elements 25 in the form of plates placed end to end and constituting a counter partition. Cavities 24 are formed in parts of the elements 20 not adjacent to the plate 21.
  • the elements 20 form formwork elements which, when assembled, constitute a formwork for the casting of a stud. To this end, irons 29 can be placed inside the formwork when the part 28 is prefabricated.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a part 38 with first unit elements 30 in the form of frames placed end to end and mechanically assembled by an insulating plate 31.
  • Second unit elements 35 placed end to end are also mechanically assembled by plate 31, on the side opposite that on which the elements 30 are located, and form a counter-partition.
  • Alveoli 34 are formed in parts of the elements 30 not adjacent to the plate 31.
  • the part 38 constitutes a part framing a door or window, for example a part to be placed vertically against the end a wall 39.
  • the latter is for example made up of prefabricated blocks 40 with an external bearing part 41 and an internal counter-partition 42 assembled by an intermediate insulating plate 43. Such blocks are described in particular in FR-A-2 341,714.
  • concrete can be poured inside the lost formwork constituted by the frames 30.
  • a longitudinal groove 44 may be formed on the outer face of the side of the elements 30 facing the blocks 40.
  • the bearing parts 41 of these blocks may have a longitudinal groove 45 facing the groove 44 for form with the latter a cell 46 after final establishment of the part 38.
  • the part 38 makes it possible to perfectly satisfy the standards relating to the cracking of coatings. Indeed, although placed at a singular point of the building, this room 38 is not unique, from the point of view of thermal insulation, with respect to blocks 40. There is then no reason to fear the appearance of thermal bridges at the place occupied by the part 38. This remark made for the framing part 38 applies of course also for the other parts according to the invention placed at singular points.
  • the part 38 carries sealing tabs for fixing the hinges 47 for the shutter.
  • the plate 31 and the counter-partition 35 are of width less than that of the frames 30 for mounting the frame 48 and the window 49.
  • the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 differ in that, in the case of FIG. 3, it is a frame for a splayed window, while, in the case of FIG. 4, it it is an interior bare window.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates yet another embodiment of a part 58 according to the invention.
  • This piece constitutes a window sill and comprises first identical unit elements 50 assembled end to end which form the support itself. These first elements 50 are secured by an insulating plate 51, as well as second unit elements 55 forming against-partition. Longitudinal cells 54 pass through each first element 50.
  • the plate 51 has a thickness greater in its lower part than that which it presents in its upper part and thus has a shape adapted to that of the part 58. In addition, this results in a relief of the first unitary elements 50.
  • Irons 53 intended to be embedded in concrete can be placed in a longitudinal groove 56 formed by the end-to-end assembly of the grooves 52 provided in the upper face of the first elements 50.
  • the length of the unitary elements constituting the parts in accordance with the intention is chosen, for example of the order of one or more tens of centimeters, to allow, by assembling a certain number of these elements, to cover the majority of the requirements as to the lengths of the parts to be prefabricated in the factory or workshop before their transport to the site. It will also be noted that it is possible to envisage the arrangement of insulating plates on several of the faces of a row of unitary elements such as for example the rows of elements 10 and 20 of formwork.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Fertigbauteil, das ein verlorenes Verschalungselement bildet und aus mehreren endseitig aneinandergereihten Primäreinheitselementen aus Baumaterial besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primäreinheitselemente (10, 20, 30, 50) zumindest an einer ihrer Flächen durch eine Platte (11, 21, 31, 51) aus wärmeisolierendem Material fest verbunden sind, die mit jedem der Primäreinheitselemente durch eine zapfen- und lochartige Verbindung mechanisch verbunden ist und die aus einem Material gebildet ist, das aus der aus Polyurethan- und Phenolschäumen bestehenden Gruppe gewählt ist.
2. Bauteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er aneinandergereihte, gleichartige Sekundäreinheitselemente (15, 25, 35, 55) aufweist, die an einer Seitedurch die Platte (11, 21, 31, 51) aus wärmeisolierendem Material fest verbunden sind, wobei sich die Primär- und Sekundärelemente auf jeder Seite der Platte befinden und die Sekundärelemente eine Vorwand darstellen.
3. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primäreinheitselemente (10, 20, 30, 50) aus einem Material gebildet sind, das aus der aus Beton, gebranntem Ton und Bausteinen bestehenden Gruppe gewählt ist.
4. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primärelemente U-förmige Verschalungselemente (10) sind, insbesondere für Stürze.
5. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primärelemente rahmenförmige Verschalungselemente (20) sind, insbesondere für Pfeiler.
6. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Tür- oder Fensterrahmenteil (30) darstellt.
7. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Fenster-oder Öffnungsbrüstungsteil (50) darstellt.
8. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 5, 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primäreinheitselemente (30, 50) zumindest an ihren nicht an die Isolierplatte (31, 51) grenzenden Teilen Hohlräume (34, 54) aufweisen.
EP78400080A 1977-10-25 1978-08-28 Vorgefertigtes Bauelement verwendet als Schalung Expired EP0001723B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7732084 1977-10-25
FR7732084A FR2407309A1 (fr) 1977-10-25 1977-10-25 Pieces de construction prefabriquees

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0001723A2 EP0001723A2 (de) 1979-05-02
EP0001723A3 EP0001723A3 (en) 1979-05-16
EP0001723B1 true EP0001723B1 (de) 1981-10-21

Family

ID=9196919

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78400080A Expired EP0001723B1 (de) 1977-10-25 1978-08-28 Vorgefertigtes Bauelement verwendet als Schalung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0001723B1 (de)
AT (1) AT359715B (de)
DE (1) DE2861198D1 (de)
DK (1) DK153580C (de)
ES (1) ES246999Y (de)
FI (1) FI62392C (de)
FR (1) FR2407309A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1108483B (de)
NO (1) NO158148C (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2136468A (en) * 1983-03-05 1984-09-19 Beasey Eric Composite tile
FR2598166A1 (fr) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-06 Saget Sa Element prefabrique constitue de modules en terre cuite
FR2634238B1 (fr) * 1988-07-18 1993-02-05 Decroux Francois Elements de construction prefabriques et procede pour la realisation economique de mur isotherme
FR2764621B1 (fr) * 1997-06-17 1999-09-17 Pascal Bouinot Elements de construction d'un batiment et ensemble desdits elements
FR2840935B1 (fr) 2002-06-12 2005-08-19 Andre Loew Element de construction en maconnerie de type poutre, tel que linteau ou similaire
DE102007049021B4 (de) * 2007-10-11 2012-11-22 hülsta-werke Hüls GmbH & Co KG Systeme mit einem ersten Bauteil und mit wenigstens einem weiteren Bauteil
FR3002777B1 (fr) * 2013-03-04 2015-03-13 Rgo Bloc de construction hybride structural/isolant
CN204098335U (zh) * 2014-06-18 2015-01-14 段炼山 一种空心砌块
DE102017211167A1 (de) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Führer Exklusivfenster - Türen- Sonnenschutz Gmbh Mauersturz mit isolationselement

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR476568A (de) * 1900-01-01
GB114253A (en) * 1917-10-15 1918-03-28 Ernest Hirsch Improvements in Reinforced Floors or Roofs.
GB740185A (en) * 1953-01-28 1955-11-09 Domenico Magnelli Improvements in bricks
FR2341714A1 (fr) * 1976-02-23 1977-09-16 Centre Etd Rech Ind Beton Bloc de construction prefabrique et procede et installation pour sa fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO158148B (no) 1988-04-11
DK153580B (da) 1988-07-25
ES246999U (es) 1980-04-01
IT1108483B (it) 1985-12-09
EP0001723A2 (de) 1979-05-02
FI62392C (fi) 1982-12-10
ATA738078A (de) 1980-04-15
FR2407309B1 (de) 1980-06-27
DE2861198D1 (en) 1981-12-24
FI62392B (fi) 1982-08-31
NO158148C (no) 1988-07-20
FR2407309A1 (fr) 1979-05-25
ES246999Y (es) 1980-10-01
FI783222A (fi) 1979-04-26
IT7869382A0 (it) 1978-10-17
DK153580C (da) 1988-12-19
DK440878A (da) 1979-04-26
NO783599L (no) 1979-04-26
AT359715B (de) 1980-11-25
EP0001723A3 (en) 1979-05-16

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