EP0000808B1 - Apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of elongate cylindrical structures such as pipe lines and jackets of off-shore oil rigs - Google Patents
Apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of elongate cylindrical structures such as pipe lines and jackets of off-shore oil rigs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0000808B1 EP0000808B1 EP78300150A EP78300150A EP0000808B1 EP 0000808 B1 EP0000808 B1 EP 0000808B1 EP 78300150 A EP78300150 A EP 78300150A EP 78300150 A EP78300150 A EP 78300150A EP 0000808 B1 EP0000808 B1 EP 0000808B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- wheel
- gear
- annulus
- carriage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/023—Cleaning the external surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0207—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the work being an elongated body, e.g. wire or pipe
- B05B13/0214—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the work being an elongated body, e.g. wire or pipe the liquid or other fluent material being applied to the whole periphery of the cross section of the elongated body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0436—Installations or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to elongated bodies, e.g. light poles, pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/11—Pipe and tube outside
Definitions
- the present invention relates to apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of cylindrical structures such as pipe lines, and the jackets of offshore oil rigs.
- Offshore pipe lines such as oil-carrying pipe lines in the North Sea present considerable maintenance problems both from inspection and cleaning standpoints. Frequent inspection of the pipe lines for signs of stress or wear must be carried out since oil spillage from a fractured pipe not only represents a considerable financial loss but also presents a severe ecological hazard particularly for example, when occurring near fish breeding grounds, and of course constant cleaning of the pipes is both a necessary preliminary to inspection and an aid to maintenance. Similarly, the jackets of off-shore oil rigs need to be kept clean.
- a pipe cleaning machine is disclosed in US Specification 2 715 235, which can be freely moved along the pipe in either direction; the machine comprising a wheel mounted carriage for an internal combustion engine; the carriage supporting an annulus which fits around the pipe, and the engine providing the motive power source for driving a member rotatable in the annulus and carrying pipe cleaning tools.
- This device is incapable of being used underwater and also of being used on vertical pipe sections.
- the present invention provides apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of an elongate cylindrical structure with a high-pressure fluid jet, comprising an annulus mounted on and surrounding the structure, the annulus supporting a member parallel with the structure and carrying a nozzle for producing the high-pressure jet, with the nozzle being reciprocable along the member, and the arm being bodily rotatable on the annulus to pass around the elongate structure, such apparatus being known from US Patent Specification 3 933 519, the present invention being characterised in that a single annulus is used, that the arm is supported only on the single annulus and that the annulus has mounted thereon means for driving the annulus and thereby the arm along the elongate structure in either direction.
- the apparatus includes an indexing mechanism actuable when the cleaning head reaches the end of each cleaning stroke to index or step the arm and thus the cleaning head a predetermined distance in the circumferential direction of the structure about said first means.
- the predetermined distance may be chosen such that successive cleaning strokes are contiguous with or overlap one another to ensure complete cleaning of the structure exterior.
- said drive means grips the exterior of the structure by way of wheels or rollers and the apparatus includes a further means actuable on completion of a full cleaning cycle about the circumference of the structure to drive the first means along the structure by way of the wheels or rollers.
- Said further means may be activated automatically or by a remote operator and enables the apparatus to clean successive portions of structure without having to be demounted from the pipe and relocated.
- the drawings show an apparatus 10 which is primarily for descaling and cleaning the vertically disposed jackets of an off-shore oil rig, but may also be used to clean off-shore pipe lines whether vertically disposed or not.
- the apparatus basically comprises an annulus in the form of a cylindrical cage 12 which encircles the jacket 14 to be cleaned and mounts an axially extending arm 16 along which a cleaning head 18 is reciprocably driven.
- the cage 12 itself is constructed from a latticework of struts which form two semi-cylindrical halves hinged together along one pair of adjacent edges to enable mounting and dismounting of the cage 12 onto and from the pipe. The other pair of adjacent edges are joined by suitable clamps.
- the clamps each comprise a link in the form of a U-shaped bracket 80 pinned by a pin 82 adjacent the free ends of the arms of the bracket to be pivotable around the pin; the pin being carried at its ends respectively in a bracket 84 welded to a frame member 86 delineating one of the adjacent edges of the cage, and a plate 88 rigidly carried by the respective end of frame member 86.
- the U-shaped bracket also supports a pin 90 bearing, between the arms of the bracket, a clamp arm 92, and has a sleeve 94 welded or otherwise secured to the exterior face of the base or bridge member 96 of the bracket.
- a further frame member 98 delineates the other adjacent edge of the cage and bears adjacent each of its ends a clamp bar 100 secured at its ends respectively on a peripheral flange 102 of the cage and an arm of a bracket 104 welded or otherwise fastened to the frame member 98.
- the clamp arm 92 is formed with a hook-shaped end, and the clamp is fastened by hooking that end around a respective bar 100 and then, by means of a lever inserted in sleeve 94, levering the U-shaped bracket around the pin to an 'overcentre' position as shown in Fig. 6 i.e. to a position in which any force tending to separate the adjacent edges of the cage acts to keep the clamp in its closed position.
- the cage also comprises guides to guide the other pair of adjacent edges to one another when the cage is closed round the jacket.
- the guides one being provided adjacent each axial end of the other adjacent edges, each comprise a bolt 200 fastened to one of the other adjacent edges to extend towards the opposing one thereof, and a socket in the form of a sleeve 202 welded to the frame member 98 to receive the bolt 200 when the cage is closed on the jacket.
- Each bolt 200 is fastened in a further sleeve 204 itself welded to the frame member 86, the opposing end edges of each two sleeves 202 and 204 abutting on or lying closely adjacent one another when the respective bolt is received in the sleeve 202 and the cage is clamped onto the jacket.
- the arm 16 is mounted on the cage 12 by way of a carriage 20 which rides on two circular tracks 22 formed at respective axial ends of the cage.
- Each track has an inner substantially L-shaped rail 22' (see Fig. 5 in particular) in which a respective pair of rollers 24 (Fig. 5) of the carriage run.
- Each roller is mounted on a pivoted arm 106 spring loaded by a spring to urge the roller into contact with the inner aspect of the axially directed flange of the rail.
- Each track also has an outer chain 25 which is held in mesh with a respective cog 26 of the carriage by engagement of the roller with the rail.
- the two cogs 26 are balanced by freely rotatable wheels 28 (Fig.
- the cogs 26 are secured on an axle 30 which is geared intermediate its ends to a reversible ratchet drive system 32 which is further described below.
- Each actuation of the ratchet drive rotates the axle and thus the cogs to traverse the carriage a set distance circumferentially around the cage.
- the carriage 20 at its top end has mounted thereon a pair of wheels 108 the wheels being mounted in wheel housings 110 on axles carried in opposite facing walls of the housings. These wheels run on the top surface of the upper edge of the upper L-shaped rail 22' and take the weight of the carriage.
- the cleaning head 18 is also mounted on a carriage 34 which is reciprocally driven along the arm 16 from the cage to the outermost end of the arm by way of an endless drive in the form of a chain 36.
- the chain is looped around sprockets 114, 116 mounted on shafts 118, 120 supported in bearings 122, 124 secured respectively in housings 38, 40 in the arm to form two linear runs each of which passes through the head carriage 34 (see Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 11).
- the two bearings 122, 124 (Fig. 7) are bolted in slots 126, 128 formed in plates 130, 132 respectively of the housings 38, 40, and a bolt adjuster 134 is provided to effect precise positioning of the bearing 122 on the plate 130.
- a bolt adjuster 134 is provided to effect precise positioning of the bearing 122 on the plate 130.
- the cleaning head carriage 34 is carried with the chain by way of a spigot 42 secured to the chain and slidable in a slot 44 which extends from one side of the head carriage to the other laterally of the direction of carriage movement.
- a spigot 42 secured to the chain and slidable in a slot 44 which extends from one side of the head carriage to the other laterally of the direction of carriage movement.
- the chain 36 Assuming the chain 36 to be driven clockwise, when the spigot is travelling up the left hand run it will be engaged in the slot 44 at the left hand end of the latter thus carrying the carriage 34 and its cleaning head 18 upwardly towards the outer end of the arm 16.
- the spigot passes over the gear in the housing 38 onto the right hand run of the chain, at the same time moving along the slot 44 to its right hand end to reverse the direction of movement of the carriage 34 and its cleaning head 18.
- the cleaning head 18 On each complete loop of the spigot 42 the cleaning head 18 therefore executes two full strokes along the arm.
- circumferential movement of the cleaning head 18 at the end of each cleaning stroke is effected by the ratchet drive 32.
- the latter is operated by a mechanism which is actuated each time the head carriage 34 reaches the end of its stroke.
- the operating mechanism itself includes a respective slide 46, 48 located in a slot formed in the housing plates 130, 132 so as to be slidable longitudinally of the arm, the slides being biassed towards one another by way of a spring 41 as will be made evident below.
- the slide 46 on the upper housing 38 is located on one side thereof (the left-hand side as seen from Fig. 2) while the slide 48 is located on the opposite side of the housing 40.
- the two slides are inter-connected by three pivotably inter-connected levers 50, 52, 54 (see Fig. 8) two of which 50, 54 extend substantially parallel with one another along the arm 16 and are pivoted at respective ends to the third lever 52.
- the latter is pivotally mounted intermediate its ends such that longitudinal displacement of either lever 50, 54 rotates the lever 52 about its pivot.
- the spring 41 is attached to one end of lever 54 and to the housing 40, and because the three levers are pivoted together, the spring serves to bias the slides towards one another.
- the extent of the movement of the lower slide 48 and thus of the upper slide 46 may be adjusted by a bolt adjuster (Fig. 7) comprising bolt 48' passed through a bore in the housing to act as a stop for an end flange 48" of the slide; adjustment being obtained by rotation of the bolt.
- a bolt adjuster (Fig. 7) comprising bolt 48' passed through a bore in the housing to act as a stop for an end flange 48" of the slide; adjustment being obtained by rotation of the bolt.
- the extent of movement of both slides is equal to substantially half the diameter of the sprocket wheels 114, 116 around which the chain passes.
- the lever 52 rotationally drives a ratchet wheel 56 (Fig. 8) mounted in the arm 16; a fixed pawl 136 being provided to prevent contrary rotation of the wheel.
- the lever 52 bears on its face adjacent the ratchet wheel 56, two diametrically opposed pawls 138 and the pawls act to rotate the ratchet wheel 56 on pivoting of the lever 52.
- the ratchet wheel is mounted fast on a shaft 140 rotatably mounted in a support plate 142 of arm 16 to provide a stub portion at the remote side of the plate, and a pinion 144 (Fig. 9) is mounted on the stub portion of the shaft to mesh with a gear wheel 146 (Fig.
- a chain 152 is trained around the sprocket and also around a further sprocket (not shown) rotatably mounted on a shaft 154 (Fig. 10) which is carried in a housing 156 and the ends of which are received within respective slots 158, 160 formed in a pair of opposed support flanges 162, 164 of the carriage.
- the support flanges have secured thereto a pair of piston and cylinder units 166, 168, namely one at the top of the support flanges and one at the bottom thereof.
- the pistons of these units act on the housing 156 and determine the position of the sprocket mounted on shaft 154, the slots 158, 160 permitting adjustment of the position of the shaft.
- the two cogs 26 of the carriage respectively are mounted adjacent the ends of the shaft 170 which intermediate its ends has mounted fast thereon two axially separated mitre gears 172, 174.
- the shaft 1 54 at the end adjacent shaft 170 extends from the side of the support flange and ' has mounted on the extending portion, a further mitre gear 176.
- the two mitre gears 172, 174 are positioned so that the gear 176 can be meshed with either one or the other of the two mitre gears, according to the direction, clockwise or anti-clockwise, required, by a suitable positioning of the housing 156 by the piston and cylinder units 166, 168.
- rotation of ratchet wheel 56 by movement of levers 50 and 54 acting through lever 52 is transmitted to cogs 26.
- the carriage 34 also has blocks 64 (see Fig. 7) secured thereto which serve as a striker for the blocks 62 when the carriage is approaching the end of the run in each direction, thus causing movement of the levers 50 and 54.
- Each block 64 is adjustable in position. For this purpose, it is fastened to the carriage by two bolts 66 passing through slots 68 formed respectively in two axially directed flanges 70 of the block, and received in bores (not shown) in the carriage, and a bolt adjuster . is provided on the carriage comprising bolt 72 passing through a bore (not shown) in a flange 74 of a bar 76 welded to the body of the carriage to position the end of the shank of the bolt to abut on block 64.
- the chain 36 is driven by a motor 66 mounted at the base of the arm 16.
- the motor drives the gear in the housing 40 by way of a further gear rigidly mounted on the same axle as the first gear, and a further chair 36'.
- the motor 66' may be electrically powered but for safety reasons is preferably hydraulically or pneumatically driven from a remote power source.
- the cage 12 also mounts four pairs of wheels 78 circumferentially substantially equally spaced around the cage which wheels grip the pipe when the cage is mounted thereon and also enable the cage 12 to be moved along the jacket.
- Each pair of wheels is mounted in a channel section 178 and is driven from a separate hydraulic motor (not shown); the four motors thus provided being supplied via a conventional four way flow divider.
- Each motor drives a worm gear meshing with a pinion carried on a shaft fast therewith, and each shaft also carries fast therewith a mitre gear 190 meshing with a further mitre gear 192 carried fast on a drive shaft 194.
- the drive shaft is mounted in respective bearings each carried in a crown gear housing 196 secured to the respective channel section 178, and at each end carries a bevel gear (not shown) meshing with a crown gear (not shown) mounted fast on a shaft (not shown) on which a respective wheel 78 is mounted fast with the shaft.
- Actuation of the drive motor for the wheels 78 may be effected by a remote operator or automatically. In the latter case the completion of a circumferential cleaning cycle by the head 18 and carriage 20 could be used to actuate for example, a trip switch which temporarily stops the cleaning head movement and energises the drive motors for the wheels 78 for a preset time. This present time would be sufficient for the cage to travel along the cleaned section or jacket before stopping to commence a further cleaning cycle with the head 18.
- the arm 16 is pivotally mounted on the shaft 148 of the carriage 20 so that it may be pivoted through 180°. This enables cleaning of the uncleaned jacket section initially obstructed by the cage 20 when the latter is first mounted on the jacket. To clean this section the cage is simply driven along the jacket the required distance and the arm 18 then pivoted through 180°.
- the cleaning head itself comprises one or more nozzles through which water or other cleaning fluid is forced under a pressure of up to 10350 x 10 3 Pa (1500 Ib/sq. in.).
- the source of pressurized fluid may be a pump mounted on the arm 16 or carriage 20 but is preferably remote from the apparatus, being connected thereto by fluid lines.
- the cleaning fluid is conveniently seawater.
- the described embodiment is of an entirely mechanical nature and consists of simple, robust parts and mechanisms which in themselves are of a known reliability.
- the described embodiment is accordingly well adapted to carry out its purpose under the severe conditions in which it will be used.
Description
- The present invention relates to apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of cylindrical structures such as pipe lines, and the jackets of offshore oil rigs.
- Offshore pipe lines such as oil-carrying pipe lines in the North Sea present considerable maintenance problems both from inspection and cleaning standpoints. Frequent inspection of the pipe lines for signs of stress or wear must be carried out since oil spillage from a fractured pipe not only represents a considerable financial loss but also presents a severe ecological hazard particularly for example, when occurring near fish breeding grounds, and of course constant cleaning of the pipes is both a necessary preliminary to inspection and an aid to maintenance. Similarly, the jackets of off-shore oil rigs need to be kept clean.
- Hitherto, cleaning has been carried out by divers using high pressure water jets, but as will be appreciated the conditions for instance, of depth and lack of light under which the divers are required to work are extremely hazardous and make efficient cleaning of the structures concerned impossible. In addition, the reaction produced by a high pressure water jet makes the jet extremely difficult to control, and also sets an upper limit of, for example, 2760 x 103 Pa (400Ib/sq. inch) on the jet pressure.
- It is known from US Specification No. 3933519, to use apparatus for cleaning an underwater pipe by means of high pressure water jet, which overcomes the pressure limitation of the manual method; the apparatus comprising two annuli clamped around the pipe spaced apart in the longitudinal direction thereof to serve as a support means for a water jet nozzle; the latter being reciprocated along the beam to clean the pipe surface. The beam can be indexed on the two annuli around the pipe so that the entire circumferential surface of the section of the pipe at which the device is stationed can be cleaned. However, in order to clean a further section of pipe, the device needs to be unclamped, repositioned accordingly and then reclamped on the pipe; and it is, in any event, unsuitable for cleaning vertical pipe sections.
- A pipe cleaning machine is disclosed in US Specification 2 715 235, which can be freely moved along the pipe in either direction; the machine comprising a wheel mounted carriage for an internal combustion engine; the carriage supporting an annulus which fits around the pipe, and the engine providing the motive power source for driving a member rotatable in the annulus and carrying pipe cleaning tools. This device, however, is incapable of being used underwater and also of being used on vertical pipe sections.
- The present invention provides apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of an elongate cylindrical structure with a high-pressure fluid jet, comprising an annulus mounted on and surrounding the structure, the annulus supporting a member parallel with the structure and carrying a nozzle for producing the high-pressure jet, with the nozzle being reciprocable along the member, and the arm being bodily rotatable on the annulus to pass around the elongate structure, such apparatus being known from US Patent Specification 3 933 519, the present invention being characterised in that a single annulus is used, that the arm is supported only on the single annulus and that the annulus has mounted thereon means for driving the annulus and thereby the arm along the elongate structure in either direction.
- In a preferred embodiment the apparatus includes an indexing mechanism actuable when the cleaning head reaches the end of each cleaning stroke to index or step the arm and thus the cleaning head a predetermined distance in the circumferential direction of the structure about said first means.
- The predetermined distance may be chosen such that successive cleaning strokes are contiguous with or overlap one another to ensure complete cleaning of the structure exterior.
- Advantageously said drive means grips the exterior of the structure by way of wheels or rollers and the apparatus includes a further means actuable on completion of a full cleaning cycle about the circumference of the structure to drive the first means along the structure by way of the wheels or rollers. Said further means may be activated automatically or by a remote operator and enables the apparatus to clean successive portions of structure without having to be demounted from the pipe and relocated.
- The present invention is further described hereinafter, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 2 is an elevation of the embodiment of. Fig. 1, certain parts being omitted for clarity;
- Fig. 3 is a partial section through the embodiment with a cage thereof open;
- Fig. 4 is a rear view of a carriage of the embodiment showing part of a ratchet drive system;
- Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of the top axial end of-the cage shown in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view showing a clamp in a closed position;
- Fig. 7 is a front view of housings for chain sprockets used in a cleaning head carrying arm of the apparatus;
- Fig. 8 shows a front view of the part of the system shown in Fig. 4 partly broken away;
- Fig. 9 is a rear view of a housing shown in Fig. 7;
- Fig. 10 is a front view of a carrier showing a gear wheel partly broken away to reveal an otherwise hidden sprocket, and a mitre gear drive driven from the gear wheel, and
- Fig. 1 shows the rear view of the housings shown in Fig. 7.
- The drawings show an
apparatus 10 which is primarily for descaling and cleaning the vertically disposed jackets of an off-shore oil rig, but may also be used to clean off-shore pipe lines whether vertically disposed or not. - The apparatus basically comprises an annulus in the form of a
cylindrical cage 12 which encircles thejacket 14 to be cleaned and mounts an axially extendingarm 16 along which acleaning head 18 is reciprocably driven. Thecage 12 itself is constructed from a latticework of struts which form two semi-cylindrical halves hinged together along one pair of adjacent edges to enable mounting and dismounting of thecage 12 onto and from the pipe. The other pair of adjacent edges are joined by suitable clamps. - The clamps (Figs. 5 and 6) each comprise a link in the form of a
U-shaped bracket 80 pinned by apin 82 adjacent the free ends of the arms of the bracket to be pivotable around the pin; the pin being carried at its ends respectively in abracket 84 welded to aframe member 86 delineating one of the adjacent edges of the cage, and aplate 88 rigidly carried by the respective end offrame member 86. The U-shaped bracket also supports apin 90 bearing, between the arms of the bracket, aclamp arm 92, and has asleeve 94 welded or otherwise secured to the exterior face of the base orbridge member 96 of the bracket. Afurther frame member 98 delineates the other adjacent edge of the cage and bears adjacent each of its ends aclamp bar 100 secured at its ends respectively on aperipheral flange 102 of the cage and an arm of abracket 104 welded or otherwise fastened to theframe member 98. Theclamp arm 92 is formed with a hook-shaped end, and the clamp is fastened by hooking that end around arespective bar 100 and then, by means of a lever inserted insleeve 94, levering the U-shaped bracket around the pin to an 'overcentre' position as shown in Fig. 6 i.e. to a position in which any force tending to separate the adjacent edges of the cage acts to keep the clamp in its closed position. - The cage also comprises guides to guide the other pair of adjacent edges to one another when the cage is closed round the jacket. The guides, one being provided adjacent each axial end of the other adjacent edges, each comprise a
bolt 200 fastened to one of the other adjacent edges to extend towards the opposing one thereof, and a socket in the form of asleeve 202 welded to theframe member 98 to receive thebolt 200 when the cage is closed on the jacket. Eachbolt 200 is fastened in afurther sleeve 204 itself welded to theframe member 86, the opposing end edges of each twosleeves sleeve 202 and the cage is clamped onto the jacket. - The
arm 16 is mounted on thecage 12 by way of acarriage 20 which rides on twocircular tracks 22 formed at respective axial ends of the cage. Each track has an inner substantially L-shaped rail 22' (see Fig. 5 in particular) in which a respective pair of rollers 24 (Fig. 5) of the carriage run. Each roller is mounted on a pivoted arm 106 spring loaded by a spring to urge the roller into contact with the inner aspect of the axially directed flange of the rail. Each track also has anouter chain 25 which is held in mesh with arespective cog 26 of the carriage by engagement of the roller with the rail. The twocogs 26 are balanced by freely rotatable wheels 28 (Fig. 4) mounted on the opposite side of the rollers to the cogs, the wheels running on the edges of theperipheral flanges 102 of the cage. Thecogs 26 are secured on anaxle 30 which is geared intermediate its ends to a reversibleratchet drive system 32 which is further described below. Each actuation of the ratchet drive rotates the axle and thus the cogs to traverse the carriage a set distance circumferentially around the cage. Thecarriage 20 at its top end has mounted thereon a pair ofwheels 108 the wheels being mounted inwheel housings 110 on axles carried in opposite facing walls of the housings. These wheels run on the top surface of the upper edge of the upper L-shaped rail 22' and take the weight of the carriage. - Since the
arm 16 is mounted on thecarriage 20 the former moves thecleaning head 18 with the carriage so that the head eventually traverses the full circumference of the pipe. - The
cleaning head 18 is also mounted on acarriage 34 which is reciprocally driven along thearm 16 from the cage to the outermost end of the arm by way of an endless drive in the form of achain 36. The chain is looped aroundsprockets shafts bearings 122, 124 secured respectively inhousings - The two bearings 122, 124 (Fig. 7) are bolted in
slots plates housings bolt adjuster 134 is provided to effect precise positioning of the bearing 122 on theplate 130. By this means, the separation between the twosprockets chain 36. - The
cleaning head carriage 34 is carried with the chain by way of aspigot 42 secured to the chain and slidable in aslot 44 which extends from one side of the head carriage to the other laterally of the direction of carriage movement. Assuming thechain 36 to be driven clockwise, when the spigot is travelling up the left hand run it will be engaged in theslot 44 at the left hand end of the latter thus carrying thecarriage 34 and itscleaning head 18 upwardly towards the outer end of thearm 16. At the outer end the spigot passes over the gear in thehousing 38 onto the right hand run of the chain, at the same time moving along theslot 44 to its right hand end to reverse the direction of movement of thecarriage 34 and itscleaning head 18. On each complete loop of thespigot 42 thecleaning head 18 therefore executes two full strokes along the arm. - As mentioned above, circumferential movement of the
cleaning head 18 at the end of each cleaning stroke is effected by theratchet drive 32. The latter is operated by a mechanism which is actuated each time thehead carriage 34 reaches the end of its stroke. - The operating mechanism itself includes a
respective slide housing plates slide 46 on theupper housing 38 is located on one side thereof (the left-hand side as seen from Fig. 2) while theslide 48 is located on the opposite side of thehousing 40. The two slides are inter-connected by three pivotablyinter-connected levers arm 16 and are pivoted at respective ends to thethird lever 52. The latter is pivotally mounted intermediate its ends such that longitudinal displacement of eitherlever lever 52 about its pivot. - The spring 41 is attached to one end of
lever 54 and to thehousing 40, and because the three levers are pivoted together, the spring serves to bias the slides towards one another. - The extent of the movement of the
lower slide 48 and thus of theupper slide 46, may be adjusted by a bolt adjuster (Fig. 7) comprising bolt 48' passed through a bore in the housing to act as a stop for anend flange 48" of the slide; adjustment being obtained by rotation of the bolt. In the embodiment as shown, the extent of movement of both slides is equal to substantially half the diameter of thesprocket wheels - The
lever 52 rotationally drives a ratchet wheel 56 (Fig. 8) mounted in thearm 16; a fixedpawl 136 being provided to prevent contrary rotation of the wheel. Thelever 52 bears on its face adjacent theratchet wheel 56, two diametricallyopposed pawls 138 and the pawls act to rotate theratchet wheel 56 on pivoting of thelever 52. The ratchet wheel is mounted fast on ashaft 140 rotatably mounted in asupport plate 142 ofarm 16 to provide a stub portion at the remote side of the plate, and a pinion 144 (Fig. 9) is mounted on the stub portion of the shaft to mesh with a gear wheel 146 (Fig. 10) mounted on ashaft 148 rotatably supported incarriage 34. The gear wheel is fast withshaft 148, and the shaft bears asprocket 150 also fast with the shaft so that rotation of thegear wheel 146 bypinion 144 rotates the sprocket. Achain 152 is trained around the sprocket and also around a further sprocket (not shown) rotatably mounted on a shaft 154 (Fig. 10) which is carried in ahousing 156 and the ends of which are received withinrespective slots 158, 160 formed in a pair ofopposed support flanges cylinder units housing 156 and determine the position of the sprocket mounted onshaft 154, theslots 158, 160 permitting adjustment of the position of the shaft. The twocogs 26 of the carriage respectively are mounted adjacent the ends of theshaft 170 which intermediate its ends has mounted fast thereon two axially separated mitre gears 172, 174. - The shaft 1 54 at the end
adjacent shaft 170 extends from the side of the support flange and' has mounted on the extending portion, afurther mitre gear 176. The two mitre gears 172, 174 are positioned so that thegear 176 can be meshed with either one or the other of the two mitre gears, according to the direction, clockwise or anti-clockwise, required, by a suitable positioning of thehousing 156 by the piston andcylinder units ratchet wheel 56 by movement oflevers lever 52 is transmitted to cogs 26. - Returning now to the
slides respective plate levers carriage 34 also has blocks 64 (see Fig. 7) secured thereto which serve as a striker for theblocks 62 when the carriage is approaching the end of the run in each direction, thus causing movement of thelevers block 64 is adjustable in position. For this purpose, it is fastened to the carriage by twobolts 66 passing throughslots 68 formed respectively in two axially directedflanges 70 of the block, and received in bores (not shown) in the carriage, and a bolt adjuster . is provided on thecarriage comprising bolt 72 passing through a bore (not shown) in aflange 74 of abar 76 welded to the body of the carriage to position the end of the shank of the bolt to abut onblock 64. - The
chain 36 is driven by amotor 66 mounted at the base of thearm 16. The motor drives the gear in thehousing 40 by way of a further gear rigidly mounted on the same axle as the first gear, and a further chair 36'. The motor 66' may be electrically powered but for safety reasons is preferably hydraulically or pneumatically driven from a remote power source. - The
cage 12 also mounts four pairs ofwheels 78 circumferentially substantially equally spaced around the cage which wheels grip the pipe when the cage is mounted thereon and also enable thecage 12 to be moved along the jacket. - Each pair of wheels is mounted in a
channel section 178 and is driven from a separate hydraulic motor (not shown); the four motors thus provided being supplied via a conventional four way flow divider. Each motor drives a worm gear meshing with a pinion carried on a shaft fast therewith, and each shaft also carries fast therewith amitre gear 190 meshing with afurther mitre gear 192 carried fast on adrive shaft 194. The drive shaft is mounted in respective bearings each carried in acrown gear housing 196 secured to therespective channel section 178, and at each end carries a bevel gear (not shown) meshing with a crown gear (not shown) mounted fast on a shaft (not shown) on which arespective wheel 78 is mounted fast with the shaft. By this means, drive from each of the motors is transmitted to each pair of thewheels 78. - Actuation of the drive motor for the
wheels 78 may be effected by a remote operator or automatically. In the latter case the completion of a circumferential cleaning cycle by thehead 18 andcarriage 20 could be used to actuate for example, a trip switch which temporarily stops the cleaning head movement and energises the drive motors for thewheels 78 for a preset time. This present time would be sufficient for the cage to travel along the cleaned section or jacket before stopping to commence a further cleaning cycle with thehead 18. - The
arm 16 is pivotally mounted on theshaft 148 of thecarriage 20 so that it may be pivoted through 180°. This enables cleaning of the uncleaned jacket section initially obstructed by thecage 20 when the latter is first mounted on the jacket. To clean this section the cage is simply driven along the jacket the required distance and thearm 18 then pivoted through 180°. - Finally, the cleaning head itself comprises one or more nozzles through which water or other cleaning fluid is forced under a pressure of up to 10350 x 103 Pa (1500 Ib/sq. in.). The source of pressurized fluid may be a pump mounted on the
arm 16 orcarriage 20 but is preferably remote from the apparatus, being connected thereto by fluid lines. - The cleaning fluid is conveniently seawater.
- It will be evident from the above that the described embodiment is of an entirely mechanical nature and consists of simple, robust parts and mechanisms which in themselves are of a known reliability. The described embodiment is accordingly well adapted to carry out its purpose under the severe conditions in which it will be used.
Claims (19)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2997777 | 1977-07-16 | ||
GB2997777 | 1977-07-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0000808A1 EP0000808A1 (en) | 1979-02-21 |
EP0000808B1 true EP0000808B1 (en) | 1982-03-17 |
Family
ID=10300267
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP78300150A Expired EP0000808B1 (en) | 1977-07-16 | 1978-07-14 | Apparatus for cleaning and descaling the exterior of elongate cylindrical structures such as pipe lines and jackets of off-shore oil rigs |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4205694A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0000808B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5421061A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2861667D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK316378A (en) |
IE (1) | IE47522B1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1097951B (en) |
NO (1) | NO148950C (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5361791A (en) | 1987-05-28 | 1994-11-08 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Cleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5458683A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1995-10-17 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Device for surface cleaning, surface preparation and coating applications |
US5520734A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1996-05-28 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | High pressure water jet cleaner and coating applicator |
US6461231B1 (en) | 1990-08-14 | 2002-10-08 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Air abrasive blast line travel machine |
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JPS5827836Y2 (en) * | 1979-03-24 | 1983-06-16 | 株式会社菱備基礎 | Existing H-shaped steel attached soil removal device |
JPS5821577Y2 (en) * | 1979-03-24 | 1983-05-07 | 株式会社菱備基礎 | Existing H-shaped steel attached soil removal device |
NL8203501A (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1984-04-02 | Dirk Frans Van Voskuilen En Fr | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEBITUMINATING OR REMOVING ANOTHER TYPE COATING, SUCH AS A POLYETHYLENE COATING, FROM A TUBE. |
DE3531572A1 (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1986-03-20 | ZF-Herion-Systemtechnik GmbH, 7990 Friedrichshafen | MOBILE HOLDING DEVICE |
GB8521896D0 (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1985-10-09 | Walton Mole Co Great Britain L | Mounting work head on structure |
EP0243408A1 (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-11-04 | Dawson Offshore Pty. Ltd. | A carriage which is mountable to elongate members for passage therealong |
AT384758B (en) * | 1986-02-10 | 1988-01-11 | Voest Alpine Ag | DEVICE FOR MACHINING THE INTERNAL WALL OF A HOLLOW, CYLINDRICAL WORKPIECE |
US5052423A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1991-10-01 | Cups, Inc. | Hydrocleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5074323A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1991-12-24 | Cups, Inc. | Hydrocleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5178171A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1993-01-12 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Hydrocleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5226973A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1993-07-13 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Hydrocleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5092357A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1992-03-03 | Cups, Inc. | Cleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5209245A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1993-05-11 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Hydrocleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5265634A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1993-11-30 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Cleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US4953496A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1990-09-04 | Crc-Evans Pipeline International, Inc. | High pressure water jet cleaner and coating applicator |
US5129355A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1992-07-14 | Crc-Evans Pipeline International, Inc. | High pressure water jet cleaner and coating applicator |
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-
1978
- 1978-07-13 IE IE1404/78A patent/IE47522B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-14 NO NO78782451A patent/NO148950C/en unknown
- 1978-07-14 IT IT7825709A patent/IT1097951B/en active
- 1978-07-14 EP EP78300150A patent/EP0000808B1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-14 DE DE7878300150T patent/DE2861667D1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-14 US US05/924,649 patent/US4205694A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-07-14 DK DK783163A patent/DK316378A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-07-17 JP JP8619078A patent/JPS5421061A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5361791A (en) | 1987-05-28 | 1994-11-08 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Cleaning of the exterior surface of a pipeline to remove coatings |
US5458683A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1995-10-17 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Device for surface cleaning, surface preparation and coating applications |
US5520734A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1996-05-28 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | High pressure water jet cleaner and coating applicator |
US6461231B1 (en) | 1990-08-14 | 2002-10-08 | Crc-Evans Rehabilitation Systems, Inc. | Air abrasive blast line travel machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0000808A1 (en) | 1979-02-21 |
IE47522B1 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
IT1097951B (en) | 1985-08-31 |
US4205694A (en) | 1980-06-03 |
NO782451L (en) | 1979-01-17 |
NO148950B (en) | 1983-10-10 |
IT7825709A0 (en) | 1978-07-14 |
JPS5421061A (en) | 1979-02-16 |
DK316378A (en) | 1979-01-17 |
DE2861667D1 (en) | 1982-04-15 |
NO148950C (en) | 1984-01-18 |
IE781404L (en) | 1979-01-16 |
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