EP0000616B1 - Matrix-adressierbare elektrochrome Anzeigevorrichtung - Google Patents

Matrix-adressierbare elektrochrome Anzeigevorrichtung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0000616B1
EP0000616B1 EP78300063A EP78300063A EP0000616B1 EP 0000616 B1 EP0000616 B1 EP 0000616B1 EP 78300063 A EP78300063 A EP 78300063A EP 78300063 A EP78300063 A EP 78300063A EP 0000616 B1 EP0000616 B1 EP 0000616B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
display
electrodes
row
electrochromic
mole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78300063A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000616A1 (de
Inventor
Angel Garcia Arellano
Peter John Melz
Clayton Vance Wilbur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Publication of EP0000616A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000616A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000616B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000616B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/38—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
    • C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1503—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrochromic display device comprising a pair of dielectric plates, at least one of which is transparent, sealed together to enclose an electrochromic redox composition, electrodes disposed on the inner faces of the plates so as to define a matrix of display sites at each of which current may flow from an electrode on one face to an electrode on the other face, and drive means arranged to supply drive voltages selectively to individual electrodes.
  • a plurality of vertically extending or column electrodes 26 are disposed in parallel spaced relationship on the facing interior surface of upper clear glass plate 16 and a plurality of row electrodes 30 are disposed on a facing interior surface 32 of glass plate 18, which may or may not be transparent.
  • the electrodes 26 and 30 extend through the display region and define a matrix of display sites, each site being disposed at a different crosspoint of a column electrode 26 and a row electrode 30. While the number and relative spacing of the column and row electrodes 26, 30 may depend upon a particular application for which the display panel 12 is designed, in the present instance the panel is suitable for the display of four data characters each represented by a display site array of 7 x 9 crosspoints.
  • each row electrode communicates with 28 individual display elements or cells, each of which may produce a current load of 1 milliamp, the maximum current load is 28 milli- amps.
  • a larger 16 character display may produce a current load as high as 112 milli- amps for the row driver 60.
  • each column electrode is necessarily driven alternately with +V threshold for 1/2 row period and -V threshold for another 1/2 row period to provide a time average of 0 volts during the non-select time. Therefore, the discharge rate and hence apparent colouration of the cell is independent of the information being displayed.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Baueinheit für elektrochromische Anzeige, enthaltend ein Paar miteinander unter Einschluß einer elektrochromischen Redox-Verbindung verkitteter dielektrischer Platten, von denen zumindest eine durchsichtig ist, Elektroden an den Innenflächen der Platten dergestalt, daß eine Matrix von Anzeigeelementorten definiert ist, an denen jeweils ein Strom von einer Elektrode auf der einen Innenfläche zu einer Elektrode auf der anderen Innenfläche zu fließen vermag, und derart ausgelegte Ansteuerungsmaßnahmen, daß Ansteuerungsspannungen wahlweise an einzelne Elektroden anlegbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenflächen der dielektrischen Platten (16, 18) flach sind und jeweils einen Satz Anzeigeelektroden (26, 30) tragen, daß derartige Ansteuerungsmaßnahmen an die Anzeigeelektroden ein Spannungssignal so anlegen, daß die Potentialdifferenz zwischen Elektroden an ausgewählten Anzeigeelementorten lediglich einem einen gegebenen, von der elektrochromischen Verbindung abhängigen Schwellenwert übersteigenden Pegel entspricht, und daß die Ansteuerungsmaßnahmen (60, 62) eine solch niedrige Impedanz sowie die Elektroden (26, 30) einen solch niedrigen Widerstand aufweisen, daß die Spannungspegel an den Anzeigeelementorten unabhängig davon sind, ob an einem Anzeigeelementort gerade eine Anzeige ausgeführt wird oder nicht.
2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine derartige elektrochromische Verbindung vorliegt, daß die Anzeige an einem Anzeigeelementort bei Fehlen einer den gegebenen Schwellenwert übersteigenden Potentialdifferenz verblaßt, und daß die Ansteuerungsmaßnahmen dafür eingerichtet sind, zyklische Impuls-Signale derart an ausgewählte Anzeigeelektroden zu übertragen, daß die Anzeige regelmäßig regeneriert wird.
3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansteuerungsmaßnahmen so ausgelegt sind, daß Spannungssignale Elektroden derart zugeführt werden, daß der zeitliche Mittelwert der Potentialdifferenz an nicht gewählten Anzeigeelementorten Null ist.
4. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrochromische Verbindung ein Pyrazolin enthält.
5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrochromische Verbindung aus einer Methyläthylketonlösung besteht, die enthält:
0,09 Mol 1 - p - Methoxyphenyl - 3 - p - Diäthylaminostyryl - 5 - Diäthylaminophenyl - OZ - Pyrazolin,
0,02 Mol Phenyl - p - Benzochinin und
0,4 Mol Tetrabutyl - Ammonium - Boriumfluorid.
6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrochromische Verbindung aus einer Methyläthylketonlösung besteht, die enthält:
0,2 Mol 1 - p - Methoxyphenyl - 3 - p - Dipropylaminostyryl - 5 - Dipropylaminophenyl - A2 - Pyrazolin,
0,4 Mol Phenyl - p - Benzochinin und
0,8 Mol Tetrabutyl - Ammonium - Boriumfluorid.
7. Anordnung, wie in irgendeinem der obenstehenden Ansprüche beansprucht, bei welcher die Innenflächen der dielektrischen Platten in einem Abstand im Bereich von 0,0127 mm bis 0,127 mm zueinander liegen.
EP78300063A 1977-06-29 1978-06-21 Matrix-adressierbare elektrochrome Anzeigevorrichtung Expired EP0000616B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US811328 1977-06-29
US05/811,328 US4146876A (en) 1977-06-29 1977-06-29 Matrix addressed electrochromic display

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000616A1 EP0000616A1 (de) 1979-02-07
EP0000616B1 true EP0000616B1 (de) 1981-11-25

Family

ID=25206247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78300063A Expired EP0000616B1 (de) 1977-06-29 1978-06-21 Matrix-adressierbare elektrochrome Anzeigevorrichtung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4146876A (de)
EP (1) EP0000616B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5431297A (de)
BR (1) BR7804156A (de)
CA (1) CA1085525A (de)
DE (1) DE2861344D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1108959B (de)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4225861A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-09-30 International Business Machines Corporation Method and means for texture display in raster scanned color graphic
FR2499744B1 (fr) * 1981-01-05 1986-07-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif d'affichage matriciel comprenant deux familles d'electrodes lignes et son procede de commande
US4456337A (en) * 1981-12-07 1984-06-26 Rockwell International Corporation Chemically coupled color-changing display
EP0084604A1 (de) * 1982-01-25 1983-08-03 American Cyanamid Company Dünnschicht-Transistor-Ansteuerung für eine elektrochrome Anzeigeeinrichtung
EP0084603A1 (de) * 1982-01-25 1983-08-03 American Cyanamid Company Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Ansteuern einer elektrochromen Anzeigevorrichtung im Multiplexbetrieb
JPS58137879A (ja) * 1982-02-10 1983-08-16 株式会社デンソー エレクトロクロミツク表示器
US4653859A (en) * 1983-03-04 1987-03-31 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid crystal optical modulating element having particular capacitance between lines and method for driving the same
NL8502663A (nl) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-16 Philips Nv Weergeefinrichting met verbeterde aansturing.
US4902108A (en) * 1986-03-31 1990-02-20 Gentex Corporation Single-compartment, self-erasing, solution-phase electrochromic devices, solutions for use therein, and uses thereof
NL8601373A (nl) * 1986-05-29 1987-12-16 Philips Nv Weergeefinrichting met verbeterde aansturing.
JPS6433536A (en) * 1987-07-29 1989-02-03 Sony Corp Electrochromic display device
US5179467A (en) * 1989-12-05 1993-01-12 International Business Machines Corporation Charge transfer salts and uses thereof
EP0496278B1 (de) * 1991-01-16 1996-10-30 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Optische Vorrichtung und Gerät, welches diese benutzt
GB9722766D0 (en) 1997-10-28 1997-12-24 British Telecomm Portable computers
AU2002252426B2 (en) * 2001-03-19 2007-08-23 Aveso, Inc. Matrix addressable electrochromic display device
US6806526B2 (en) * 2001-08-13 2004-10-19 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Memory device
WO2003017282A1 (en) * 2001-08-13 2003-02-27 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Memory cell
US6744549B2 (en) * 2002-03-19 2004-06-01 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Electrochromic display device
WO2006051056A1 (de) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrochrome anzeigevorrichtung mit passiv matrix
JP5200344B2 (ja) * 2006-08-02 2013-06-05 富士ゼロックス株式会社 画像表示媒体、画像書込み装置、および画像形成装置
US20120013981A1 (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-19 Sol-Grid, Llc Photochromic optical elements
KR20160022030A (ko) * 2014-08-19 2016-02-29 현대자동차주식회사 투명도 가변 글래스 및 글래스 투명도 제어 장치
CN104834103B (zh) * 2015-05-25 2017-04-12 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 3d光栅、彩膜基板、显示装置及其控制方法

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3451741A (en) * 1966-06-15 1969-06-24 Du Pont Electrochromic device
GB1339402A (en) * 1971-02-18 1973-12-05 Suwa Seikosha Kk Timepiece
US3736043A (en) * 1971-03-29 1973-05-29 Ibm Electrochemical molecular display and writing
JPS5236656B2 (de) * 1973-01-10 1977-09-17
JPS5092046A (de) * 1973-12-13 1975-07-23
JPS50101068A (de) * 1974-01-08 1975-08-11
US4041481A (en) * 1974-10-05 1977-08-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Scanning apparatus for an electrophoretic matrix display panel
JPS5218197A (en) * 1975-08-01 1977-02-10 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Drive circuit for electrochromism display
JPS5227399A (en) * 1975-08-27 1977-03-01 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Driving system of electrochemical luminous element
US3987433A (en) * 1975-09-02 1976-10-19 Timex Corporation Electrochromic display driver having interleaved write and erase operations
JPS5911911B2 (ja) * 1975-12-01 1984-03-19 シチズン時計株式会社 デンシコウガクテキヒヨウジタイノクドウホウホウ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1108959B (it) 1985-12-16
CA1085525A (en) 1980-09-09
US4146876A (en) 1979-03-27
BR7804156A (pt) 1979-04-10
DE2861344D1 (en) 1982-01-28
EP0000616A1 (de) 1979-02-07
IT7825056A0 (it) 1978-06-28
JPS5431297A (en) 1979-03-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0000616B1 (de) Matrix-adressierbare elektrochrome Anzeigevorrichtung
US5272472A (en) Apparatus for addressing data storage elements with an ionizable gas excited by an AC energy source
US5077553A (en) Apparatus for and methods of addressing data storage elements
US4896149A (en) Addressing structure using ionizable gaseous medium
US7193625B2 (en) Methods for driving electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein
US4522472A (en) Electrophoretic image display with reduced drives and leads
US4655550A (en) Ferro-electric liquid crystal display with steady state voltage on front electrode
EP1512137A2 (de) Verfahren zur ansteuerung von elektrooptischen anzeigen
US4175836A (en) Method and apparatus for forming visible images
JPH01217396A (ja) データ蓄積装置及び表示装置
US4228431A (en) Electrochromic display device
US4210907A (en) Uniform coloration control in an electrochromic display of the segmented type
US4297695A (en) Electrochromic display device
US5717418A (en) Ferroelectric liquid crystal display apparatus and method of making it
US4028692A (en) Liquid crystal display device
US4535329A (en) Constant current/constant voltage drive for an electrochromic display cell
US5400046A (en) Electrode shunt in plasma channel
US4644344A (en) Electrochromic matrix display
EP0685832B1 (de) Ferroelektrische Flüssigkristallanzeigevorrichtung und Ansteuerungsverfahren zur Durchführung einer abgestufften Anzeige
EP0326254B1 (de) Verfahren und Anordnung zur Adressierung von Datenspeicherelementen
WO1996018989A1 (en) Voltage driving waveforms for plasma addressed liquid crystal displays
US4210909A (en) Complete bleaching of non-selected display electrodes in an electrochromic display drive
US4185230A (en) Gas discharge display panel having an array of discharge cavities and a self scan glow transfer device formed by cavities in the array
US4209770A (en) Driving technique for electrochromic displays of the segmented type driving uncommon segment electrodes only
US5623276A (en) Kicker pulse circuit for an addressing structure using an ionizable gaseous medium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17P Request for examination filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 2861344

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19820128

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19840605

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19840619

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19890621

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19900228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19900301

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT