Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
  • D06M13/47—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from heterocyclic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
  • D06M13/252—Mercaptans, thiophenols, sulfides or polysulfides, e.g. mercapto acetic acid; Sulfonium compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
  • D06M13/467—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from polyamines

Definitions

• This invention pertains to concentrated liquid fabric softener compositions comprising a fabric substantive agent in conjunction with a fabric softening component.
• the fabric substantive agent is seleoted from polyamines, alkylpyridinium salts and mixtures thereof.
• the fabric softening component can be represented by quaternary ammonium salts, alkyllmidazolinium salts, fatty esters, ethers of fatty alcohols, fatty compounds which are interrupted by a sulfur or a nitrogen atom, and mixtures thereof.
• the fabric softening component is represented by a mixture of a quaternary ammonium salt and an additional fabric softening component selected from fatty esters, ethers of fatty alcohols and fatty compounds containing a long alkyl chain which are interrupted by a sulfur or nitrogen atom.
• the concentrated liquid softeners of this invention in addition to easy pourability and water dispersability, provide a series of important advantages inclusive of : consumer convenience in transport, storage and usage flexibility inasmuch as housewives are not any longer limited in selecting "their" degree of softeness by the capacity of the fabric softener dispenser in automatic washing machines.
• Another convenience aspect relates to the possibility now offered to the consumer to either utilize a concentrated product as such or to utilize it in a conventional concentration after predilution.
• the concentrated compositions herein comprise : from about 25% to about 55% by weight of an active system containing a fabric-substantive agent and a fabric-softening component, the fabric-substantive agent being selected from the group of :
• the preferred fabric-substantive agent herein can be represented by alkoxylated diamines.
• Preferred compositions contain a ternary active system comprising the polyamines in combination with a mixture of two fabric softening components namely a first cationic softening component selected from the quaternary ammonium salt and the alkylimidazolinium salt and an additional nonionic softening component selected from fatty esters, ethers of fatty alcohols and fatty compounds containing a long-alkyl chain and a non-terminal amide group.
• the cationic softening component represents less than half of the total mixture of the cationic softening component and the nonionic softening component.
• the concentrated liquid softener composition of this invention comprises a fabric-substantive agent and a fabric softener component.
• the fabric-substantive agent can be represented by polyamines, alkylpyridinium salts and mixtures thereof.
• the fabric-softening component can be represented by quaternary ammonium salts, alkylimidazolinium salts, a series of nonionic softening components, and mixtures thereof. The individual ingredients are described in more detail hereinafter.
• a first essential component herein is a fabric-substantive agent selected from the group of specific polyamines, alkylpyridinium salts and mixtures thereof.
• the polyamine component has the formula : wherein R is selected from an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 10 to 24, preferably from 16 to 20 carbon atoms in the alk(en)yl chain, and R-O-(CH 2 ) n1 -; the R 1 's which may be the same or different each represent hydrogen.
• each p,q and (p' + q') are 1 or 2.
• Preferred fabric-substantive polyamines contain not more than one -C 2 H 4 0H, -C 3 H 6 OH, or -(C 2 H 4 O)(C 3 H 6 O)H group attached to each nitrogen atom, except that up to two of these monomeric groups (in this context, the mixed oxyethylene/oxypropylene radical containing 1 mole of each of the monomers is equally defined as a monomer), can be attached to a terminal nitrogen atom which is not substitued by an alkyl group having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
• Polyamine species suitable for use herein include : N-tallowyl,N,N',N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)1,3-propanediamine di-hydrochloride;
• the polyamines can also be represented by components comprising a heterocyclic moiety resulting from internal cyclization of the polyamines having the general formula indicated above.
• the cyclization can be produced in reacting the polyamines with formic acid followed by thermal dehydration.
• suitable polyamines containing such a heterocyclic moiety are : 1-[N-hydrogenated tallowylaminopropyl]-pentahydropyridinium dihydrochloride; 1- [N-stearylaminopropyl]-5-(hydroxyethyl)-tetrahydropyridinium sulfate.
• Preferred species frequently contain an ethylene oxyde or propylene oxide radical condensed on one or more of the nitrogen atoms of the polyamine.
• the most preferred species contain one ethylene oxide or one propylene oxide group directly condensed onto each nitrogen atom.
• A(-) may represent a halide or any appropriate acidic radical such as a di-acetate, or higher saturated or unsaturated acyl groups up to C 22 , and more in general all nitrogen charge balancing anions which are known to be suitable for use in these compositions.
• Preferred nitrogen charge balancing anions can be represented by halides, C 1-22 alkyl, C 1 -C 16 alkylaryl, arylsulf(on)ates, arylcarbo- xylates and C 1 -C 12 alkylcarboxylates.
• Examples of the preferred charge balancing anions include : fluoriie, bromide, chloride, methyl sulfate, toluene-, xylene-, cumene-, and benzene-sulfanate, dodecylbenzenesulfonate, benzoate, parahydroxybenzoate, acetate, propionate and laurate.
• the fabric substantive agent herein can also be represented by alkyl pyridinium salts having the following formula wherein R 12 is a C 10 -C 24 , preferably C 16 or C 18 alkyl radical, and A(-) is a suitable anion as defined hereinbefore, preferably a halide, especially chloride and bromide.
• fabric-substantive agent can be used as well as mixtures thereof.
• a combination of differently substituted mixtures of polyamines can be used or a mixture of polyamine(s) and alkylpyridinium salts.
• 3uitable fabric-substantive agents herein are additionally characterized by a water-solubility of more than about 5% at pH 2.5 and 20°C.
• a second essential ingredient in the compositions of this invention is a fabric-softening component selected from the group of:quaternary ammonium salts; alkylimidazolinium salts; fatty esters; fatty ethers; fatty compounds containing a sulfur or nitrogen linking atom and mixtures thereof.
• the quaternary ammonium salt has the formula wherein R 2 and R 3 represent hydrocarbyl groups having from 12 to 24, preferably from 16 to 22 carbon atoms, R 4 and R 5 represent hydrocarbyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X is an anion, preferably selected from halide and methylsulfate.
• quaternary ammonium salts herein include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride; ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride; dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate; dihexadecyl diethyl ammonium chloride; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide; ditallow dipropyl ammonium bromide; di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride.
• Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow-alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(coconut-alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride are
• the alkylimidazolinium salts herein have the formula wherein R 6 is an alkyl containing from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, R 7 is an alkyl containing from 9 to 25 carbon atoms, R 8 is an alkyl containing from 8 to 25 sarbon atoms, and R 9 is hydrogen or an alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• Preferred imidazolinium salts include 1-methyl-1-[(tallowylamido-)ethyl]-2-tallowyl-4,5-dihydroimidazolinium methyl sulfate --commercially available under the trade name VARISOFT 475, from ASHLAND CHEMICAL Company -and 1-methyl-1-[(palmitoylamido)ethyl]-2-octadecyl-4,5-dihydroimidazo- linium chloride.
• the imidazolinium fabric softening components of US Patent Application Serial Number 687 951 to Pracht and Nirschl incorporated herein by reference.
• A is an anion having the meaning given above, preferably a halide or a methosulfate.
• Suitable fatty esters herein are derived from mono-or polyhydric alcohols having from 1 to about 24 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain, and mono- or polycarboxylic acids having from 1 to about 24 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain with the provisos that the total number of carbon atoms in the ester is equal to or greater than 16 and that at least one of the hydrocarbon radicals in the ester has 12 or more carbon atoms.
• the fatty acid portion of the fatty ester can be obtained from mono- or polycarboxylic acids having from 1 to about 24 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
• monocarboxylic fatty acids include behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid and ⁇ , ⁇ '- dihydroxyisobutyric acid.
• suitable polycarboxylic acids include : n-butyl-malonic acid, isocitric acid, citric acid, maleic acid, malic acid and succinic acid.
• the fatty alcohol radical in the fatty ester can be represented by mono- or polyhydric alcohols having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
• suitable fatty alcohols include : behenyl, arachidyl, cocoyl, oleyl and lauryl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol, isopropanol, vinyl alcohol, diglycerol, xylitol, sucrose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or sorbitan.
• Preferred fatty esters herein are ethylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitan esters wherein the fatty acid portion of the ester normally comprises a species selected from behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or myristic acid.
• Sorbitol prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of glucose, can be dehydrated in well-known fashion to form mixture of 1,4 and 1,5-sorbitol anhydrides and small amounts of isosorbides. (See Brown, U.S. Patent 2,322,821, issued June 29, 1943). This mixture of sorbitol anhydrides is collectively referred to as sorbitan. The sorbitan mixture will also contain some free, uncyclized sorbitol.
• Sorbitan esters useful herein can be prepared by esterifying the "sorbitan" mixture with a fatty acyl group in standard fashion, e.g., by reaction with a fatty acid halide or fatty acid.
• the esterification reaction can occur at any of the available hydroxyl groups, and various mono-, di-, etc., esters can be prepared. In fact, mixtures of mono-, di-, tri-, etc., esters almost always result from such reactions.
• Este- rifled hydroxyl groups can, of course, be either in terminal or internal positions within the sorbitan molecule.
• the sorbitan esters employed herein can contain up to about 15% by weight of esters of the C 20 -C 26 , and higher, fatty acids, as well as minor amounts of C 8 , and lower, fatty esters. The presence or absence of such contaminants is of no consequence in the present invention.
• glycerol esters are also highly preferred. These are the mono-, di- or tri-esters of glycerol and the fatty acids as defined above.
• fatty alcohol esters for use herein include: stearyl acetate, palmityl di-lactate, cocoyl isobutyrate, oleyl maleate, oleyl dimaleate, and tallowyl propionate.
• Fatty acid esters useful in the present invention include : xylitol monopalmitate, pentaerythritol monostearate, sucrose monostearate, glycerol monostearate, ethylene glycol nonostearate and sorbitan esters.
• Glycerol esters are equally highly preferred in the composition herein. These are the mono-, di-, or tri-esters of glycerol and the fatty acids of the class described above. Glycerol monostearate, glycerol monooleate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol monobehenate, and glycerol distearate are specific examples of these preferred glycerol esters.
• the fatty esters used herein contain a number of carbon atoms equal to or greater than 16; normally, the fatty esters contain at least one alkyl radical having 12 or more carbon atoms.
• the ethers of fatty alcohol have from 10 to 24, preferably from 16 to 22 carbon atoms, in the fatty alcohol group and frcm 2 to about 8 carbon atoms in the etherifying moiety.
• Suitable fatty alcohols are of matural or synthetic origin and include behenyl, arachidyl, cocoyl, oleyl, lauryl, myristyl and palmityl alcohol.
• the etherifying moiety can be represented mono- or polyalcohols and by alkylene oxides having preferably a degree of polymerization of not more than 2.
• Suitable species include : ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol, isopropanol, vinyl alcohol, diethyleneglycol, di(propylene oxide), sorbitol, ethoxypropylene oxide and pentaerythritol.
• the total number of carbon atoms in the ether is equal to or greater than 16.
• fatty alcohol mono-ethers are : batyl alcohol (stearyl glycerol mono-ether), behenyl ethyleneglycol mono- ether, octadecyl vinyl ether, cocoyl sorbitol mono-ether, tallowyl diethyleneglycol ether, palmityloxypropyloxypropanol, and arachidylpentaerythritol monoether.
• batyl alcohol stearyl glycerol mono-ether
• behenyl ethyleneglycol mono- ether octadecyl vinyl ether
• cocoyl sorbitol mono-ether cocoyl sorbitol mono-ether
• tallowyl diethyleneglycol ether palmityloxypropyloxypropanol
• arachidylpentaerythritol monoether arachidylpentaerythritol monoether.
• the fabric softening component can also be represented by a compound having the formula : R 10 X - R 11 wherein R 10 has from about 12 to 24, preferably from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and R 11 from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain which can be interrupted by not more than one oxygen link and X stands for sulfur r and Suitable examples of this compound include : N-stearyl methacrylamide, stearyl vinyl sulfide, N-palmityl-2-hydroxyethylamide, and N-tallowyl-3-hydroxypropylamide.
• the liquid fabric softener compositions of this invention contain from about 25% to about 55% of an active system comprising the fabric substantive agent and the fabric softening component. described in more detail hereinbefore, in a weight ratio of about 6:1 to 1:4.
• the fabric substantive agent represents from about 25% to about 85% and the fabric softening component from about 15% to about 75%, the amounts being expressed by reference to the sum of fabric substantive agent and fabric softening component.
• the fabric substantive agent represents from about 50% to about 85%, preferably from 65% to 80% and the fabric softening component selected from the quaternary ammonium salt and the alkyl imidazolinium salt -- hereinafter termed cationic softening component -- represents from 15% to 50%, preferably from 35% to 20%.
• the fabric substantive agent represents from about 35% to about 65% and the fabric softening component selected from the fatty esters, the ethers of fatty alcohols and fatty compounds containing sulfur or nitrogen linking atoms -- hereinafter termed nonionic softening component -- represents from 35% to 65%.
• the fabric softener composition herein is comprised of a ternary active system namely : the fabric substantive agnet and a binary fabric softening component system containing a cationic softening component (thus selected from a quaternary ammonium salt and an alkyl imidazoliniu, salt) ard a nonionic softening component (thus selected from fatty esters, fatty ethers, and fatty compounds containing a sulfur or nitrogen linking atom).
• This preferred ternary active mixture contains from about 25% to about 65%. more preferably from 30% to 45% of the fabric substantive agent, from about 8% to about 35%, more preferably from 15% to 25% of the cationic softening component, and from about 15% to about 60%.
• the weight ratio of the cationic softening component to the nonionic softening component is equal to or smaller than 1 ( ⁇ 1), preferably ⁇ 0.7.
• compositions herein may contain other textile treatment or conditioning agents.
• Such agents include silicones, as for example, described in German patent application DOS 26 31 419 incorporated herein by referenee.
• the optional silicone component can be used in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 4%, preferably from 0.3% to 3% of the softener composition.
• the weight ratio of the sum of fabric softening component and silicone to total fabric substantive agent is in the range from 2:1 to 1:3.
• compositions herein can contain optional ingredients which are known to be suitable for use in textile softeners at usual levels for their known function.
• adjuvants include emulsifers, perfumes, preservatives, germicides, viscosity modifiers, colorants, dyes, fungicides, stabilizers, brighteners, and opacifiers. These adjuvants, if used, are normally added at their conventional low levels (e.g., from about 0.1% to 5% by weight).
• the polyamine fabric-substantive agent herein delivers the claimed advantages in either fully neutralized or only partly protona:ed form.
• the compositions of this invention have normally a pH below about 7.5, preferably in the range from 2.5 to 6.0.
• compositions can normally be prepared by mixing the ingredients together in water, heating to a temperature of about 60°C and agitating for 5-30 minutes.
• the ternary compositions containirg a cationic and a nonionic softening component are preferably prepared in first melting the nonionic softening component followed by dispersing under stirring the fabric substantive agent and the cationic softening component in the molten nonionic softening component. The active mix is then dispersed in the aqueous seat, containing if needed a pH regulator.
• the subject softening agents Normally, at 60°C, the subject softening agents exist in liquid form and therefore form true emulsions with an aqueous continuous phase.
• the disperse phase On cooling, the disperse phase may wholly or partially solidify so that the final composition exists as a dispersion which is not a true liquid/ liquid emulsion.
• the term "dispersion” means liquid/liquid phase or solid/liquid phase dispersions and emulsions.
• a concentrated liquid fabric softener was prepared having the composition listed hereinafter.
• the glycerol monostearate was molten at 65°C.
• the ditallowdimethylammoniumchloride and the N-tallowyl-N,N', N'-tri(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3 propane diamine (unneutralized) were dispersed, under stirring, in the molten glycerolmonostearate to thus form the (molten) active material premix.
• the (active material) premix was thereafter dispersed under vigorous stirring in a waterseat having a temperature of about 60°C. Prior to adding the premix, hydrochloric acid an minor ingredients were added to the waterseat to adjust the pH of the liquid softener composition to 4.5 (measured at 20°C).
• the concentrated composition cf this invention was easily pourable at ambient temperature after preparation and after a prolonged storage.
• This composition showed excellent phase stability and homogeneity after a 2 weeks storage.
• This composition also showed excellent fabric rinse-softener properties either on adding to the rinse in its concentrated form thereby reducing the quantity to be added to thus take into account the higher level of actives, or after predilution to the usual liquid rinse softener concentration (5% to 8%).
• a series of concentrated liquid fabric softeners have the compositions given hereinafter are prepared in a conventional manner :
• compositions of examples II through VIII show excellent phase stability, homogeneity, pourability and dispersability after a prolonged storage.
• Substantially comparably performing fabric-softening compositions result from the compositions of examples II, VI and VIII wherein the glycerol monostearate is substituted by an equivalent amount of a nonionic softening component selected from the group of : xylitol monopalmitate, pentaerythritol monostearate, sucrose monostearate, batyl alcohol, ethyle- glycol monoether, octadecylvinylether, cocoylsorbitolmonoether, tallowyl- diethyleneglycol ether, palmityloxypropyloxypropanol; and arachidylpentaerythritol monoether.
• a nonionic softening component selected from the group of : xylitol monopalmitate, pentaerythritol monostearate, sucrose monostearate, batyl alcohol, ethyle- glycol monoether, octadec

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (24)

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Citations (1)

• 1978
  • 1978-06-26 DE DE19782857180 patent/DE2857180A1/de active Granted
  • 1978-06-26 CH CH302980A patent/CH646742A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-26 GB GB7926087A patent/GB2041025B/en not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-26 EP EP78200059A patent/EP0000406A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1978-06-26 BE BEBTR12A patent/BE12T2/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-07-05 GR GR56688A patent/GR63647B/el unknown
  • 1978-07-05 CA CA306,835A patent/CA1106109A/en not_active Expired
  • 1978-07-05 IT IT25384/78A patent/IT1096977B/it active
  • 1978-07-05 MX MX174064A patent/MX151787A/es unknown
  • 1978-07-06 AT AT0492778A patent/AT391716B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-07-06 JP JP8248278A patent/JPS5446998A/ja active Pending
• 1979
  • 1979-06-01 FR FR7914392A patent/FR2426111A1/fr active Granted

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