EA043864B1 - FUNGICIDE COMBINATIONS - Google Patents

Description

Field of technology

The present invention relates to a combination of fungicides. More specifically, the present invention relates to fungicidal combinations containing at least one azole fungicide for controlling a wide range of fungal diseases.

Prerequisites for creating the invention

Fungicides are an integral and important tool used by farmers to control diseases and increase the yield and quality of crops. There are various fungicides that have been developed over the years and have many desirable attributes such as specificity, systemicity, curative and killing effects, and high activity at low application rates.

It is known that azole fungicides themselves are used to control fungal diseases and control pests and weeds in agricultural environments and/or to produce a fungicide used in seed, foliar and/or soil-borne disease control for protection plants from pests.

Fluconazole, an azole fungicide, has the IUPAC name 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-di(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-propanol and has the following structure :

Fluconazole is used to prevent and treat various fungal and yeast infections in humans. It belongs to a class of pharmaceutical drugs called azole antifungals. It works by stopping the growth of certain types of fungi.

Fluconazole is a first generation triazole antifungal drug. It differs from its predecessor azole antifungals (such as ketoconazole) in that its structure contains a triazole ring instead of an imidazole ring. Although imidazole antifungals are primarily used topically, when systemic treatment is required, fluconazole and other triazole antifungals are preferred due to their improved safety and predictable absorption when administered orally.

The spectrum of activity of fluconazole includes, but is not limited to, most species of Candida (except Candida krusei or Candida glabrata), Cryptococcus neoformans, some dimorphic fungi and dermatophytes.

US 20080287299 describes the use of fluconazole and other imidazole and/or triazole derivatives for the control of fungal diseases and the control of pests and weeds in agricultural environments.

The use of fluconazole in agriculture has not yet been adequately studied. Sufficient information has been obtained regarding the medical use of fluconazole in humans, but information on the use of fluconazole in agrochemicals is extremely limited. There is still a need in the field to screen various molecules that have a wide range of plant disease activity.

There is no prior art information on the use of fluconazole with any other fungicides, herbicides and/or insecticides.

There is still a need to develop more effective agrochemical agents for controlling plant pests.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

One or more advantages of the present invention

Thus, embodiments of the present invention can provide combinations of fungicides that have increased effectiveness compared to individual fungicides used alone.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal combination that causes enhanced greening of the crops on which it is applied.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal combination that retards the aging of the crop to which it is applied, thereby resulting in increased yield.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal combination that reduces the incidence of fungal diseases in crops to which it is applied.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal combination that provides a synergistic complement to the fungicidal activity of fungicides that are used together.

- 1 043864

Another object of the present invention is to provide methods for using said azole fungicides in combination with other agrochemically active fungicides to control diseases/insects/mites/nematodes and weeds, in particular foliar diseases and/or soil-borne diseases.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal combination that provides increased yield of the crops to which it is applied.

Some or all of these and other objects of the invention may be achieved by the invention described below.

Description of graphic materials

In fig. Figure 1 shows images of Petri dishes demonstrating the development of the colony of ALTERNARIA SOLANI in cases of use of fluconazole and its combination, as described in example 1.

In fig. Figure 2 shows images of Petri dishes demonstrating the development of the ALTERNARIA SOLANI colony in cases of application of fluconazole and its combination, as described in example 2.

In fig. Figure 3 shows images of Petri dishes demonstrating the development of the colony of ALTERNARIA SOLANI in cases of application of fluconazole and its combination, as described in example 3.

Summary of the invention

Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, a fungicidal combination may be provided comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole;

said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole and

b) a second agrochemically active fungicide.

In another aspect of the present invention, fungicidal compositions may be provided comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole;

said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole and

b) a second agrochemically active fungicide.

A method of controlling fungi in an area, wherein said method includes introducing into the area where it is desired to carry out said control of fungi, a fungicidal combination containing:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole;

said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) a second agrochemically active fungicide.

Detailed description

The term disease control as used herein refers to disease control and disease prevention. Control effects include all deviations from natural development, such as killing, slowing development, reducing fungal disease. The term plant refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, shoots, foliage and fruits. The term plant site as used herein is intended to cover the location where plants grow, where plant propagation materials are sown, or where plant propagation materials will be placed in the soil. The term plant propagation material is understood to mean the generative parts of a plant such as seeds, plant material such as cuttings or tubers, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and plant parts, germinated plants and young plants that can be replanted after germination or after seedlings emerge from the soil. These young plants can be protected before transplanting by full or partial dip treatment. The term agriculturally acceptable amount of active substance refers to the amount of active substance that kills or inhibits the plant disease to be controlled, in an amount that is not severely toxic to the plant,

- 2 043864 subject to processing.

Information on the use of azole fungicides in agriculture is limited. Surprisingly, it has been discovered that adding another fungicide and/or herbicide and/or insecticide to an azole fungicide results in non-obvious and unexpected benefits. Surprisingly, it has been found that the addition of another fungicide and/or herbicide and/or insecticide to an azole fungicide results in increased efficacy and a surprising reduction in the incidence of fungal diseases. In addition, it has been found that adding another fungicide and/or herbicide and/or insecticide to an azole fungicide and applying these combinations during the flowering stage of the crop slows down aging in the crop to which they were applied, resulting in better greening in agricultural crop and, accordingly, to an increase in the level of photosynthesis in the plant, which results in an increase in the yield of the crop to which they were applied.

Thus, in one aspect of the present invention there is provided a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole;

said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole and

b) a second agrochemically active fungicide.

In one embodiment, the second fungicides in combinations may be selected from a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor, cytoskeletal and motor protein inhibitors, amino acid and protein synthesis inhibitors, respiration inhibitors, signal transduction inhibitors, lipid synthesis and membrane integrity inhibitors, sterol biosynthesis inhibitors , melanin synthesis inhibitors, cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors, cell wall melanin synthesis inhibitor, plant host defense inducers, fungicides with unknown mechanisms of action, unclassified fungicides, fungicides with multisite activity and/or biologics with multiple mechanisms of action.

Thus, in one embodiment, the nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor fungicides may be selected from acylalanines such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (kyralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), oxazolidinones such as oxadixyl, butyrolactones such such as ofurat, hydroxy-(2-amino-)pyrimidines such as bupyrimate, dimethylrimol, ethirimol, isoxazoles such as hymexazole, isothiazolones such as octylinone, carboxylic acids such as oxolinic acid.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) metalaxyl.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) metalaxyl-M.

In one embodiment, the cytoskeletal and motor protein inhibitors may be benzimidazoles such as benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole, thiophanates such as thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl; N-phenylcarbamates such as diethofencarb, toluamides such as zoxamide, thiazolecarboxamides such as ethaboxam, phenylureas such as pencycuron, benzamides such as fluoropicolide, cyanoacrylates such as phenamacryl.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole,

- 3 043864 isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) carbendazim.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) thiophanate or thiophanate methyl.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) zoxamide.

In one embodiment, the respiration inhibitor fungicides may be selected from pyrimidinamines such as diflumetorim, pyrazole-5-carboxamides such as tolfenpyrad, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) such as benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, isofetamide, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin , oxycarboxin, tifluzamide, benzovindiflupir, bixafen, fluindapir, fluxapyroxad, furametpir, inpirfluxam, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, isoflucipram, pidiflumetofen, boscalid and pyraziflumid, strobilurins such as azoxystrobin, cumoxystrobin, e noxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin , pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoroxastrobin, fenamidone, piribencarb and mixtures thereof, oxazolidinediones such as famoxadone, imidazolinones such as phenamidone, benzylcarbamates such as pyr ibencarb, K- methoxy-(phenyl-ethyl)pyrazole-carboxamides such as pyrimidinamines such as diflumetorim, cyanoimidazoles such as cyazofamide, sulfamoyl triazole such as amisulbrome, picolinamides such as phenpicoxamide dinitrophenyl crotonates such as binapacryl, meptyldinocap, dinocap, 2,6- dinitro-anilines such as fluazinam, pyrhydrazones such as ferimzone, triphenyltin compounds such as fentine acetate, fentine chloride, fentine hydroxide, thiophenecarboxamides such as silthiophame; a triazolopyrimidylamine such as amethoctradine.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) azoxystrobin.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) picoxystrobin.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) mandestrobin.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole,

- 4 043864 ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) trifloxystrobin.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) fentine acetate, fentine chloride or fentine hydroxide.

In one embodiment, the amino acid and protein synthesis inhibitor fungicides may be selected from anilinopyrimidines such as cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, antibiotic fungicides such as blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and the like.

In one embodiment, the signal transduction inhibitor fungicides may be selected from aryloxyquinolines such as quinoxifene, quinazolinones such as proquinazide, phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, dicarboximides such as chlozolinate, dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) iprodione.

In one embodiment, the fungicide may be selected from fungicides that disrupt lipid synthesis and membrane integrity, such as phosphothiolates such as edifenphos iprobenphos, pyrazophos, dithiolane such as isoprothiolane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dichlorane, quintozene (PCNB) , technasine (TCNB), tolclofosmethyl and the like, 1,2,4-thiadiazoles such as etridiazole; carbamates such as iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, etc.

Thus, in one embodiment, sterol biosynthesis inhibitors may be selected from triazoles such as aconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclo butanyl, penconazole, propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, piperazines such as triforin, pyridines such as pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole, pyrimidines such as fenarimol, nuarimolimidazoles such as imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole; morpholines such as aldimorph, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, etc., piperidines such as fenpropidine, piperaline; spiroketalamines such as spiroxamine, hydroxyanilides such as fengescamide; aminopyrazolinones such as phenpyrazamine, thiocarbamates such as pyributicarb, allylamines such as naftifine, terbinafine, and mixtures thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) cyproconazole.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) fluquinconazole.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising: a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from

- 5 043864 group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole, oxyconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) hexaconazole.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) tebuconazole.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) prothioconazole.

In one embodiment, the cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor fungicides may be selected from peptidylpyrimidine nucleoside fungicides such as polyoxin, cinnamic acid amides such as dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph, valinamide carbamates such as benthiavalicarb, iprovicarb, valifenalate, mandelic acid amides , such as mandipropamide, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the melanin synthesis inhibitor fungicide may be selected from isobenzofuranone such as phthalide, pyrroloquinolinones such as pyroquilone, triazolobenzothiazoles such as tricyclazole, cyclopropanecarboxamides such as carpropamide, carboxamides such as diclocymet, propionamides such as phenoxanyl, trifluoroethylcarbamates , such as tolprocarb, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, host plant defense inducing fungicides may be selected from benzothiadiazoles such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, benzisothiazoles such as probenazole, thiadiazole carboxamides such as thiadinil, isothianil, polysaccharides such as laminarin, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the optional second fungicide with an unknown mode of action may be selected from cyanoacetamidoximes such as cymoxanil, ethylphosphonates such as fosetyl-A1, phosphoric acid and salts, phthalamic acids such as teclophthalam, benzotriazines such as triazoxide, benzenesulfonamides such such as flusulfamide, pyridazinones such as diclomesine, thiocarbamates such as metasulfocarb, phenylacetamides such as cyflufenamide, arylphenyl ketones such as metrafenone, pyriophenone, guanidines such as dodine, cyanomethylene thiazolidines such as flutianyl, pyrimidinone hydrazones such as ferimzone, piperidinylthi azolisoxazolines, such such as oxathiapiproline, 4-quinolyl acetates such as tebufloquine, tetrazolyloximes such as picarbutraxox, glucopyranosyl antibiotics such as validamycin, fungicides such as mineral oil, organic oils, potassium bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the second fungicide may be chemicals with multisite activity selected from the group consisting of dithiocarbamates, phthalimides, chloronitriles, inorganic fungicides, sulfonamides, bis-guanidines, triazines, quinones, quinoxalines, dicoarboxamides, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is selected from the class of dithiocarbamate fungicides selected from azamobam, azomate, azithiram, carbamorph, kufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, ethem, milneba, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, methiram, polycarbamate, propineb and cineb.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) mancozeb.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a phthalimide

- 6 043864 fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) folpet.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a chlornitrile fungicide, such as chlorothalonil.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) chlorothalonil.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a sulfamide fungicide selected from dichlofluanid and tolylfluanid.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a bis-guanidine fungicide selected from guazatin and iminoctadine.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a triazine fungicide selected from anilazine.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a quinone fungicide selected from dithianone.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a quinoxaline fungicide selected from quinomethionate and chloroquinox.

In one embodiment, the multisite fungicide is a maleimide fungicide selected from a fluorimide.

In one embodiment, the multisite _fungicide is an inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper(II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper(II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate _{C7H4O3 -} Cu, copper oxide Cu2O or sulfur.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, tribasic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C ₇ H ₄ O ₃ -Cu or copper (I) oxide Cu2O.

In another embodiment, ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors may be selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, ciroconazole, or epoxiconazole.

In one embodiment, the fungicide may be an external quinone (Qo) inhibitor fungicide selected from azoxystrobin, cumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyramethostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenamino strobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin , famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, piribencarb and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the extrinsic quinone (Qo) inhibitor fungicide may be selected from azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin, and trifloxystrobin.

In one embodiment, the combinations of the present invention include the following preferred combinations.

In one embodiment, preferred combinations are shown in the table provided below herein. These combinations are only preferred embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting.

- 7 043864

No. π/π Second fungicide No. Second fungicide 1. Fluconazole benalaxyl 124. Fluconazole pyrifenox 2. Fluconazole benalaxyl-M 125. Fluconazole pyrizoxazole 3. Fluconazole Furalaxil 126. Fluconazole fenarimol 4. Fluconazole Metal axil 127. Fluconazole Nuarimol 5. Fluconazole metal axil-M 128. Fluconazole imazalil 6. Fluconazole Oxadixil 129. Fluconazole oxpoconazole 7. Fluconazole ofurats 130. Fluconazole pefurazoate 8. Fluconazole bupirimate 131. Fluconazole prochloraz 9. Fluconazole Cimethirimol 132. Fluconazole griflumizole 10. Fluconazole Ethyrimol 133. Fluconazole asaconazole eleven. Fluconazole G imexazole 134. Fluconazole griticonazole 12. Fluconazole Octilinone 135. Fluconazole Griadimenol 13. Fluconazole oxolinic acid 136. Fluconazole Griadymefon 14. Fluconazole benomyl 137. Fluconazole hetraconazole 15. Fluconazole carbendazim 138. Fluconazole gebuconazole 16. Fluconazole fuberidazole 139. Fluconazole simeconazole 17. Fluconazole hyabendazole 140. Fluconazole propiconazole 18. Fluconazole hyophanate 141. Fluconazole penconazole 19. Fluconazole hyophanate-methyl 142. Fluconazole myclobutanil 20. Fluconazole cyetophenecarb 143. Fluconazole metconazole 21. Fluconazole zoxamide 144. Fluconazole ipconazole 22. Fluconazole thisbox 145. Fluconazole imibenconazole 23. Fluconazole pencikuron 146. Fluconazole hexaconazole 24. Fluconazole fluoropicolide 147. Fluconazole flusilazole flutriafol 25. Fluconazole phenamacryl 148. Fluconazole fluquinconazole 26. Fluconazole cyflumetorim 149. Fluconazole fenbuconazole 27. Fluconazole golfenpyrad 150. Fluconazole etaconazole 28. Fluconazole benodanil 151. Fluconazole epoxiconazole 29. Fluconazole flutolanil 152. Fluconazole ciniconazole thirty. Fluconazole mepronil 153. Fluconazole cifenoconazole 31. Fluconazole isofetamide 154. Fluconazole cyproconazole 32. Fluconazole fluopyram 155. Fluconazole bitertanol 33. Fluconazole fenfuram 156. Fluconazole Bromuconazole 34. Fluconazole carboxine 157. Fluconazole aldimorph 35. Fluconazole oxycarboxin 158. Fluconazole dodemorph

- 8 043864

36. Fluconazole hyfluzamide 159. Fluconazole fenpropimorph 37. Fluconazole benzovindiflupyr 160. Fluconazole tridemorph 38. Fluconazole bixafen 161. Fluconazole phenpropidine 39. Fluconazole fluxapyroxad 162. Fluconazole piperaline 40. Fluconazole furamethpyr 163. Fluconazole spiroxamine 41. Fluconazole isopyrase 164. Fluconazole fenhexamide 42. Fluconazole penflufen 165. Fluconazole phenpyrazamine 43. Fluconazole penthiopyrad 166. Fluconazole piributicarb 44. Fluconazole sedaxan 167. Fluconazole piributicarb 45. Fluconazole pidiflumetofen 168. Fluconazole polyoxin 46. Fluconazole boscalid 169. Fluconazole cimetomorph 47. Fluconazole pyrasiflumide 170. Fluconazole flumorph 48. Fluconazole azoxystrobin 171. Fluconazole pyrimorph 49. Fluconazole cumoxystrobin 172. Fluconazole benthiavalicarb 50. Fluconazole enoxastrobin 173. Fluconazole iprovalicarb 51. Fluconazole flufenoxystrobin 174. Fluconazole valifenalate 52. Fluconazole picoxystrobin 175. Fluconazole mandipropamide 53. Fluconazole pyroxystrobi 176. Fluconazole phthalide 54. Fluconazole mandestrobin 177. Fluconazole pyroquilon 55. Fluconazole pyraclostrobin 178. Fluconazole Tricyclazole 56. Fluconazole pyramethostrobin 179. Fluconazole carpropamide 57. Fluconazole Griclopyricarb 180. Fluconazole cyclocymet 58. Fluconazole kresoxim-methyl 181. Fluconazole Phenoxanil 59. Fluconazole grifloxystrobin 182. Fluconazole golprocarb 60. Fluconazole cymoxystrobin 183. Fluconazole acibenzolar-8-methyl 61. Fluconazole phenaminestrobin 184. Fluconazole probenazole 62. Fluconazole metominostrobin 185. Fluconazole hyadinyl 63. Fluconazole orysastrobin 186. Fluconazole isothianyl 64. Fluconazole famoxadone 187. Fluconazole kelp 65. Fluconazole fluoxastrobin 188. Fluconazole extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis 66. Fluconazole fenamidone 189. Fluconazole J Bacillus isolate mycoides 67. Fluconazole piribencarb 190. Fluconazole cymoxanil 68. Fluconazole cyazofamide 191. Fluconazole fosetyl-A1 69. Fluconazole amisulbrom 192. Fluconazole phosphoric acid and

- 9 043864

salt 70. Fluconazole binapacryl 193. Fluconazole tetraclophthalam 71. Fluconazole meptyldinocap 194. Fluconazole triazoxide 72. Fluconazole dinocap 195. Fluconazole flu sulfamide 73. Fluconazole fluazinam 196. Fluconazole diclomesine 74. Fluconazole ferimzon 197. Fluconazole metasulfocarb 75. Fluconazole fentine acetate 198. Fluconazole cyflu fenamide 76. Fluconazole fentine chloride 199. Fluconazole metraphenone 77. Fluconazole fentine hydroxide 200. Fluconazole pyriophenone 78. Fluconazole silthiopham 201. Fluconazole Tsodin 79. Fluconazole ametoctradine 202. Fluconazole flutianyl 80. Fluconazole cyprodinil 203. Fluconazole ferimzon 81. Fluconazole mepanipyrim 204. Fluconazole gebufloquin 82. Fluconazole pyrimethanil 205. Fluconazole picarbutrazox 83. Fluconazole blasticidin-S 206. Fluconazole validamycin 84. Fluconazole kasugamycin 207. Fluconazole potassium bicarbonate 85. Fluconazole streptomycin 208. Fluconazole mineral oils 86. Fluconazole oxytetracycline 209. Fluconazole organic oils 87. Fluconazole quinoxifene 210. Fluconazole copper (various salts) 88. Fluconazole proquinazide 211. Fluconazole sulfur 89. Fluconazole fenpiclonil 212. Fluconazole ferbs 90. Fluconazole fludioxonil 213. Fluconazole mancozeb 91. Fluconazole chlozolinate 214. Fluconazole maneb 92. Fluconazole dimethachlon 215. Fluconazole metiram 93. Fluconazole iprodione 216. Fluconazole propineb 94. Fluconazole procymidon 217. Fluconazole tiram 95. Fluconazole vinclozolin 218. Fluconazole zinc thiazole 96. Fluconazole edifenphos 219. Fluconazole tsine b 97. Fluconazole iprobenfos (IBP) 220. Fluconazole ciram 98. Fluconazole pyrazophos 221. Fluconazole captan 99. Fluconazole isoprothiolane 222. Fluconazole captafol 100. Fluconazole biphenylchlorineb 223. Fluconazole folpet 101. Fluconazole cyclorane 224. Fluconazole chlorothalonil 102. Fluconazole quintocene (PCNB) 225. Fluconazole dichlofluanid 103. Fluconazole technazine (TCNB) 226. Fluconazole tolylfluanid 104. Fluconazole tolclofos-methyl 227. Fluconazole guasatin

- 10 043864

105. Fluconazole etridiazole 228. Fluconazole iminoctadine 106. Fluconazole odocarb 229. Fluconazole anilazine 107. Fluconazole propamocarb 230. Fluconazole ditianon 108. Fluconazole prothiocarb 231. Fluconazole quinomethionate 109. Fluconazole natamycin 232. Fluconazole fluorimide BY. Fluconazole oxathiapiproline 233. Fluconazole extract from cotyledons of lupine sprouts (“BLAD”) 111. Fluconazole griffin 234. Fluconazole Trichoderma strain atroviride SCI 112. Fluconazole aminopyrifene 235. Fluconazole inpirfluxam 113. Fluconazole Pyridaclomethyl 236. Fluconazole Fluopimomide 114. Fluconazole Ipflufenoquin 237. Fluconazole Methyltetraprole 115. Fluconazole Pyrapropoin 238. Fluconazole Isoflucipram 116. Fluconazole Florylpicoxamide 239. Fluconazole Phenpicoxamide 117. Fluconazole Cichlobenthiazox 240. Fluconazole Ipfentrifluconazole 118. Fluconazole Quinofumelin 241. Fluconazole Mefentrifluconazole 119. Fluconazole phenazachine 242. Fluconazole fluindapyr 120. Fluconazole iodocarb 243. Fluconazole naftifine 121. Fluconazole prothioconazole 244. Fluconazole pyroxystrobin 122. Fluconazole herbinafine 245. Fluconazole Thymol 123. Fluconazole gridemorph

The combinations of the present invention can be formulated in the form of a composition.

Thus, this aspect of the present invention may provide a fungicidal composition comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole;

said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) a second agrochemically active fungicide.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a composition may be provided comprising:

(a) fluconazole and (b) a second active ingredient with fungicidal action.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a composition may be provided comprising:

a) a compound 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-di(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-propanol having formula (I)

(b) a second active ingredient with fungicidal action; and (c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.

The agrochemical active agent may be selected from herbicides, insecticides, miticides, acaricides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, biocides and the like.

The amount of the composition according to the invention to be used will depend on various factors, such as the subject of treatment, such as, for example, plant, soil or seed; the type of treatment, such as, for example, spraying, dusting or pre-sowing seed treatment; the purpose of the treatment, such as, for example, prevention or therapeutic disease control, in the case of disease control, the type of fungi to be controlled, or the time of application. This

- 11 043864 the number of combinations of the present invention to be used can be easily determined by a qualified agronomist.

Thus, in one embodiment of the present invention, compositions may be provided comprising:

(a) fluconazole and (b) mancozeb, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole and (b) captan, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole and (b) chlorothalonil, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole and (b) copper oxychloride, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole and (b) fentin hydroxide, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) cyproconazole, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) trifloxystrobin, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) tribasic copper sulfate, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) fluxapyroxad, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) boscalid, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) benzovindiflupyr, said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) bixafen, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

- 12 043864

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) prothioconazole, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions containing:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) isopyrase, wherein said fungicides are combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.

In one embodiment, the total amount of fluconazole in the composition may typically range from 0.1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 90% by weight. The total amount of second fungicide in the composition may be in the range of 0.1-99 wt.%.

In one embodiment, the fungicide components of the combination of the present invention can be mixed in a ratio of (1-90):(1-90) fluconazole and the second fungicide, respectively.

In one embodiment, the components of the composition of the present invention may be mixed in a reservoir and sprayed onto the site of infection, or in an alternative embodiment may be mixed with surfactants and then sprayed.

In one embodiment, the components of the composition of the present invention can be used for application to leaves, grinding, or for application to plant propagation materials.

In an embodiment, the compositions of the present invention can generally be prepared by mixing the active agents in a composition with an inert carrier and adding surfactants and other adjuvants and carriers as needed and formulating them into solid or liquid formulations, including, but not limited to, wettable powders, granules, fine powders, soluble (liquid) concentrates, suspension concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, emulsifiable concentrates, capsule suspensions, ZC formulations, oil dispersions or other known types of formulations. The composition can also be used to treat plant propagation material such as seeds, etc.

Examples of solid carrier used in the formulation include fine powders or granules, such as minerals such as kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, acid white clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth and calcite, natural organic materials such as corn nut peel powder and powder; synthetic organic materials such as urea, salts such as calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate, synthetic inorganic materials such as synthetic hydrated silica, and as a liquid carrier aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, alkylbenzene and methyl naphthalene, alcohols such as 2-propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ketones such as acetone, cyclohexanone and isophorone, vegetable oil such as soybean oil and cottonseed oil, aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons, esters, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile and water.

Examples of the surfactant include anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkyl aryl sulfonate salts, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ester salts and phosphate esters, lignosulfonate salts and naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde polycondensates, and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl polyoxypropylene block copolymers and sorbitan fatty acid esters, as well as cationic surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium salts.

Examples of other formulation auxiliaries include water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, polysaccharides such as gum acacia, alginic acid and its salts, CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), xanthan gum, inorganic materials such as aluminum magnesium silicate and sol aluminum oxide, preservatives, dyes and stabilizers such as PAP (isopropyl acid phosphate) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT).

The compositions in accordance with the present invention are effective against the following plant diseases.

Rice diseases: blast (Magnaporthe grisea), helminthosporium leaf spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani) and rice gibberellosis (Gibberella fujikuroi).

Wheat diseases: powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), head burnt caused by Fusarium (Fusarium grammearum, F. avenacerum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale), rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. recondita), pink snow mold ( Micronectriella nivale), snow mold caused by Typhula (Typhula sp.), head smut (Ustilago tritici), bunt (Tilletia caries), eye spot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides), leaf spot (Mycosphaerella graminicola), wheat stagonospora (Stagonospora nodorum), septoria and yellow spot (Pyrenophora triticirepentis).

- 13 043864

Barley diseases: powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), head burnt caused by Fusarium (Fusarium grammearum, F. avenacerum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale), rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. hordei), loose smut (Ustilago nuda), rhynchosporium blight (Rhynchosporium secalis), net spot (Pyrenophora teres), root blight (Cochliobolus sativus), leaf streak (Pyrenophora graminea) and lodging caused by Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani).

Corn diseases: head smut (Ustilago maydis), brown spot (Cochliobolus heterostrophus), copper spot (Gloeocercospora sorghi), southern rust (Puccinia polysora), gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis), white spot (Phaeosphaeria mydis and/or Pantoea ananatis) and lodging caused by Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani).

Citrus diseases: melanosis (Diaporthe citri), cladosporiosis (Elsinoe fawcetti), mold rot (Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum) and brown rot (Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora citrophthora).

Apple tree diseases: moldy gray mold (Monilinia mali), tree canker (Valsa ceratosperma), powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), alternaria (apple pathotype Alternaria alternata), cladosporiosis (Venturia inaequalis), powdery mildew, bitter rot (Colletotrichum acutatum), rot root collar (Phytophtora cactorum), spot (Diplocarpon mali) and ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana).

Pear diseases: scab (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), powdery mildew, black spot (Alternaria alternate, Japanese pear pathotype), rust (Gymnosporangium haraeanum) and fruit rot caused by late blight (Phytophtora cactorum).

Peach diseases: brown rot (Monilinia fructicola), powdery mildew, scab (Cladosporium carpophilum) and Phomopsis sp.

Grape diseases: anthracnose (Elsinoe ampelina), glomerella rot (Glomerella cingulata), powdery mildew (Uncinula necator), rust (Phakopsora ampelopsidis), black rot (Guignardia bidwellii), botrytis and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola).

Diseases of Japanese persimmon: anthracnose (Gloeosporium kaki) and leaf spot (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae).

Pumpkin diseases: anthracnose (Colletotrichum lagenarium), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea), black rot (Mycosphaerella melonis), fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis), late blight (Phytophthora sp.) aniye (Pythium sp.).

Tomato diseases: Alternaria solani, Cladosporium fulvum and Phytophthora infestans.

Capsicum disease: leaf scorch (Colletotrichum Capsici).

Eggplant diseases: cladosporiosis (Phomopsis vexans) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum). Diseases of cruciferous vegetables: Alternaria japonica, white spot (Cercosporella brassicae), clubroot of cruciferous vegetables (Plasmodiophora brassicae) and downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica).

Onion diseases: rust (Puccinia allii) and downy mildew (Peronospora destructor).

Soybean diseases: purple seed spot (Cercospora kikuchii), spotted anthracnose (Elsinoe glycines), bean and stem rot (Diaporthe phaseolorum var, Sojae), septoria brown spot of leaves or fruits (Septoria glycines), selenophomous blotch of cereal grasses (Cercospora sojina), rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), yellow rust, brown rot of soybean stems (Phytophthora sojae) and lodging caused by Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani).

Bean diseases: anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemthianum).

Peanut diseases: leaf spot (Cercospora personata), brown leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola) and sclerotial southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii).

Garden pea diseases: powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi) and root rot (Fusarium solani f. Sp. pisi).

Potato diseases: brown spot (Alternaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica) and powdery scab (Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranea).

Strawberry diseases: powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli) and anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata).

Tea diseases: oil spot (Exobasidium reticulatum), white scab (Elsinoe leucospila), gray leaf spot (Pestalotiopsis sp.) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum theae-sinensis).

Tobacco diseases: brown spot (Alternaria longipes), powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum), downy mildew (Peronospora tabacina) and late blight (Phytophthora nicotianae).

Diseases of rapeseed: sclerotinia sclerotiorum and lodging caused by Rhizoctonia solani.

Cotton diseases: lodging caused by Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani).

Sugar beet diseases: cercospora blight (Cercospora beticola), leaf scorch (Thanatephorus cucumeris), root rot (Thanatephorus cucumeris) and Aphanomyces root rot (Aphanomyces cochlioides).

Rose diseases: black spot (Diplocarpon rosae), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa) and downy mildew (Peronospora sparsa).

- 14 043864

Diseases of chrysanthemums and asteraceae: downy mildew (Bremia lactucae), leaf blight (Septoria chrysanthemi-indici) and white rust (Puccinia horiana).

Diseases of various groups: diseases caused by Pythium spp. (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debarianum, Pythium graminicola, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum), gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) and sclerotinia (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum).

Diseases of Japanese radish: Alternaria blight (Alternaria brassicicola).

Turfgrass diseases: dollar spot (Sclerotinia homeocarpa), brown spot, and broad spot (Rhizoctonia solani).

Banana diseases: black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), yellow sigatoka (Mycosphaerella musicola).

Sunflower diseases: downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii).

Diseases of seeds or diseases in the early stages of growth of various plants caused by Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Gibberella spp., Tricoderma spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Corticium spp., Phoma spp. ., Rhizoctonia spp. and Diplodia spp.

Viral diseases of various plants caused by Polymixa spp. or Olpidium spp. and so on.

The compositions of the present invention can be applied to agricultural lands, such as fields, rice fields, lawns and gardens, or to non-agricultural lands. The present invention can be used to control diseases in agricultural fields for growing plants without causing any phytotoxicity to the plant.

Examples of crops on which the present compositions may be used include, but are not limited to, corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, buckwheat, beets, canola, sunflowers, sugarcane, tobacco, etc. .P.; vegetables: nightshade vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, capsicum, pepper, potato, etc., cucurbits such as cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, watermelon, melon, zucchini, etc., cruciferous vegetables, such as radish, white turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, Sarepta mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, etc., asteraceous vegetable and ornamental plants such as burdock, chrysanthemum, artichoke, lettuce, etc., lily plants such as green onions, onions, garlic and asparagus, root vegetables of the Apiaceae family such as carrots, parsley, celery, parsnips, etc., goosefoot plants such as spinach, chard, etc., plants from the family Lamiaceae, such as common perilla, mint, basil, etc., strawberries, sweet potatoes, Dioscorea japonica, colocasia, etc., flowers, ornamental foliage plants, lawn grasses, fruits: pome fruits such as apple, pear, quince, etc., fleshy stone fruits such as peach, plum, nectarine, Japanese apricot, cherry, apricot, prune, etc., citrus fruits such as orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, etc. , nuts such as chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, cashew nuts, macadamia nuts, etc., berries such as blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, raspberries, etc., grapes, oriental persimmons, olives , plum, banana, coffee, date palm, coconuts, etc., other non-fruit tree plants, tea, mulberry, flowering plants, trees such as ash, birch, dogwood, eucalyptus, ginkgo biloba, lilac, maple, oak , poplar, scarlet pod, liquidambar Formosan, plane tree, zelkova, Japanese thuja, fir, hemlock, juniper, pine, spruce, yew, etc.

Thus, in these embodiments, the present invention may provide a method for controlling weeds on a site, the method comprising applying to the site a combination comprising:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein:

said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole;

said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) a second agrochemically active fungicide.

A method for controlling fungal diseases, in particular foliar diseases and/or soil-borne diseases, in accordance with the present invention includes prophylactic and/or curative treatment and/or application of effective amounts of said azole fungicides in combination with a second fungicide to the area to be protected. Applicable ranges vary depending on the crop. For seed treatment, fluconazole can be used in amounts from 5 to 500 g per 100 kg of seeds. To treat leaves, fluconazole can be used in amounts from 20 to 500 g per hectare. For soil application, the amount can vary from 100 to 500 g of fluconazole per hectare.

In one embodiment, the present invention may provide methods for controlling fungal diseases comprising the use of a combination comprising:

(a) fluconazole and (b) a second fungicide.

- 15 043864

In one aspect of the present invention, methods for controlling fungal diseases may be provided, comprising the use of a combination comprising:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) a multisite fungicide; and (c) a third fungicide.

The combinations of the present invention may be sold as a premix composition or kit so that the individual active agents can be mixed prior to nebulization. In an alternative embodiment, the component kit may comprise an azole fungicide and a premixed dithiocarbamate fungicide, and the third active component may be mixed with an excipient such that the two components can be mixed in the reservoir prior to spraying.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of components may be provided comprising:

a) a first container containing fluconazole;

b) a second container containing a selection of any other fungicides, and

c) a user manual, which provides instructions for the user to mix the contents of the two containers.

The composition of the present invention can be applied simultaneously as a reservoir mixture or composition or can be applied sequentially. Application can be carried out by adding to the soil before the plants emerge, before or after planting. Application can be made by foliar sprays at various times during crop development, with one or two applications early or late after emergence.

The compositions of the invention can be applied before or after fungal infection of beneficial plants or plant propagation material.

As will be shown in the examples, the addition of a second fungicide to the azole fungicide resulted in significant improvements in disease control as well as yields and demonstrated a synergistic effect.

The present invention describes aspects of the combination, composition and method of use in accordance with the invention described above herein. Each of the aspects described above may have one or more embodiments.

In each of these embodiments, in addition to selecting an azole fungicide, embodiments may include a second and optionally a third agrochemically active fungicide as described herein.

Each of the embodiments described below may relate to each or all of the aspects described above herein. Such embodiments should be considered as preferred features of one or all of the aspects described above herein. Each of the embodiments described below relates to each of the aspects separately described above herein.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omoconazole a, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; And

b) mancozeb.

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

a) fluconazole and

b) mancozeb.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

a) fluconazole in an amount of about 50-200 g/ha and

b) mancozeb at about 300-1000 g/ha.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole;

(b) mancozeb and

- 16 043864 (c) fentin hydroxide.

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) mancozeb;

(c) fentine hydroxide.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole in an amount of about 50-200 g/ha;

(b) mancozeb at about 300-1000 g/ha; and (c) fentin hydroxide at about 300-1000 g/ha.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole;

(b) mancozeb;

(c) fentin hydroxide and (d) pyraclostrobin.

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole;

(b) mancozeb;

(c) fentin hydroxide and (d) pyraclostrobin.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole in an amount of about 50-200 g/ha;

(b) mancozeb at about 300-1000 g/ha;

(c) fentin hydroxide in an amount of about 3000-1000 g/ha; and (d) pyraclostrobin in an amount of about 30-150 g/ha.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; and (b) at least one strobilurin fungicide selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, mandestrobin, cumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, pyroxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyramet ostrobina, triclopyricarb, phenaminstrobin , pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin.

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) at least one strobilurin fungicide selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, mandestrobin, cumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, pyroxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxy strobina, pyramethostrobin , triclopyricarb, phenaminstrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) azoxystrobin.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) azoxystrobin.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) mandestrobin.

- 17 043864

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) picoxystrobin.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) trifloxystrobin.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; and (b) at least one succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor selected from the group consisting of benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, tifluzamide, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furamethpyr, isopyrozam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, fluindapyr and boscali yes .

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) at least one succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor selected from the group consisting of benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, tifluzamide, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furamethpyr, isopyrozam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane , fluindapir and boscalid.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; and (b) chlorothalonil.

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) chlorothalonil.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; and (b) at least one copper-based fungicide selected from copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper hydroxide and tribasic copper sulfate (Bordeaux fluid).

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole; and (b) at least one copper-based fungicide selected from copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper hydroxide and tribasic copper sulfate (Bordeaux mixture).

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole and (b) copper oxychloride.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole and (b) copper sulfate.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole and (b) copper hydroxide.

- 18 043864

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole and (b) tribasic copper sulfate.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) at least one azole fungicide, wherein the azole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide or a triazole fungicide, wherein said imidazole fungicide is selected from the group consisting of bifonazole, butoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, omocon ash , oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole and tioconazole; and said triazole fungicide is selected from albaconazole, efinaconazole, fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, propiconazole, ravuconazole, terconazole and voriconazole; and (b) at least one conazole fungicide selected from the group consisting of climbazole, clotrimazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, prochloraz, manganese prochloraz, triflumizole, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, dinicone ash-M, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluotrimazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, quinconazole, sim econazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, uniconazole, perfurozoate and uniconazole-R.

In one embodiment, the preferred azole fungicide is fluconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) at least one conazole fungicide selected from the group consisting of climbazole, clotrimazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, prochloraz, manganese prochloraz, triflumizole, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol, difenoconazole, dinic onazole, diniconazole-M, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluotrimazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, k vinconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, uniconazole, perfurozoate and uniconazole-R.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole and (b) cyproconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) prothioconazole.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole and (b) tebuconazole.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) epoxiconazole.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

a) fluconazole in an amount of about 40-60 g/ha and

b) mancozeb at about 500-600 g/ha.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole and (b) captan.

One embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole at about 40-60 g/ha and (b) captan at about 600-800 g/ha.

Thus, one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

(a) fluconazole at about 40-60 g/ha and (b) chlorothalonil at about 300-500 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole at about 40-60 g/ha; and (b) copper oxychloride at about 300-500 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole at about 40-60 g/ha; and (b) fentin hydroxide at about 200-400 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole at about 30-50 g/ha; and (b) cyproconazole at about 25-35 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

- 19 043864 (a) fluconazole in an amount of about 30-50 g/ha;

(b) mancozeb at about 500-700 g/ha and (c) tebuconazole at about 30-40 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole at about 30-50 g/ha; and (b) benzovindiflupyr at about 30-60 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole in an amount of about 30-50 g/ha;

(b) mancozeb at about 500-700 g/ha; and (c) benzovindiflupyr at about 30-60 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole in an amount of about 30-50 g/ha;

(b) chlorothalonil at about 300-500 g/ha; and (c) benzovindiflupyr at about 30-60 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole in an amount of about 30-50 g/ha;

(b) copper oxychloride in an amount of about 200-300 g/ha; and (c) benzovindiflupyr in an amount of about 30-60 g/ha.

Another embodiment of the present invention contains:

(a) fluconazole in an amount of about 40-60 g/ha;

(b) mancozeb at about 500-700 g/ha; and (c) azoxystrobin at about 50-100 g/ha.

The present invention is more specifically explained by the above examples. However, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is in no way limited to the examples. It will be apparent to any person skilled in the art that the present invention includes the given examples and may be further modified and changed without departing from the new ideas and advantages of the invention that are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

The inventors conducted an in vitro test to determine the bioefficacy and comparative characteristics of fluconazole and its combinations with various active ingredients.

Method of obtaining

Various strains of fungi were isolated from heavily infected plants at the site of growth. The pathogen was subcultured and the pure isolate was stored in an incubator at a temperature of 26±2°C until used in the experiment.

In the experiment, potato dextrose agar (PDA) (Hi-Media) was used as a nutrient culture medium for fungal growth.

On the day of the study, freshly prepared treatment stock solutions containing only fluconazole and fluconazole with various combinations of active ingredients were obtained in a 100-mL glass bottle according to the calculated dose.

PDA medium was prepared aseptically in a 250 mL conical flask (Borosil) and specific concentrations of different stock solutions were added before solidification (at 55°C).

The contents of the flasks were then gently mixed by rotating in a horizontal plane to properly homogenize the treatment solution in the culture medium. The poisoned culture medium (culture medium + active ingredient solution) is now ready for subsequent testing.

Petri dishes were labeled in accordance with the treatment schemes and the experiment was repeated three times.

The poisoned medium was evenly poured into Petri dishes with a diameter of 90 mm in an amount of approximately 20 ml per dish. The filled cups were stored until the poisoned medium solidified.

Mycelial disks were perforated onto pre-grown pathogens (4 days) using a sterilized 6 mm diameter plug drill.

Petri dishes with solidified poisoned medium were inoculated using a perforated mycelial disk, placing it in the center in an inverted position (so that the mycelium touched the medium).

The seeded dishes were kept in an incubator at a temperature of 26±2°C in an inverted position.

After control samples grew over the entire surface of the dish (90 mm), mycelial growth (in cm) was measured twice: horizontal and vertical diameter.

Inhibition of mycelial growth as a percentage compared to the control sample was calculated using the following formula:

₌ yuo

Inhibition as a percentage compared to control samples ps ’ where

Dc represents the average diameter of fungal growth in the control sample;

- 20 043864

Dt is the average diameter of fungal growth in the treated sample. The synergy of combinations was calculated using the Colby formula.

Example 1: In vitro bioefficacy of fluconazole alone and fluconazole mixed with other active ingredients against ALTERNARIA SOLANI in tomato

Treatment Information about processing Pooled average colony diameter (cm) Inhibition by compared to the control sample (%) Expected Observable - Expected Conclusion 01 Fluconazole 60% WG(100) 0.6 93.3 02 Azoxystrobin 23% SC (57.5) 6.5 28.1 03 B grin id 50% WG (South Ossetia) 3.1 66.1 04 Chlorothalonil 72% SC (600) 3.9 57.2 05 Fluconazole 60% WG + chlorothalonil 72% SC (200 + 1200) 0 100 97 3 Synergy About Fluconazole 60% WG + boscalid 50% WG (200 + 200) 0 100 97.7 2.3 Synergy 07 Fluconazole 60% WG + azoxystrobin 23% SC (200 + 230) 0.2 97.6 95 2.6 Synergy 08 Fluconazole 60% WG + azoxystrobin 23% SC (200 + 230) 0 100 95.1 4.9 Synergy 09 Sterile distilled water 9.0 0.0

Example 2: In vitro bioefficacy of fluconazole alone and fluconazole mixed with other active ingredients against COLLETOTRICHUM CAPSICI in capsicum

Treatment

Treatments*

Pooled average colony diameter (cm)

Inhibition compared to

Expected

Observable - Expected

Conclusion

Fluconazole 60%

WG (50)

6.8 control sample (%)

24.4

- 21 043864

02 Boscalid 50% WG (50) 5.9 34.1 03 Chlorothalonil 72% SC (300) 5.6 37.6 04 Fluconazole 60% WG + chlorothalonil 72% SC (100 + 600) 2.2 75.4 52.2 23.2 Synergy 05 Fluconazole 60% WG + chlorothalonil 72% SC (200 + 1200) 2.6 71.1 52.2 18.9 Synergy 06 Fluconazole 60% WG + boscalid 50% WG (200 + 200) 1.8 79.6 50.1 29.5 Synergy 07 Fluconazole 60% WG + boscalid 50% WG (200 + 200) 2.4 73.9 50.1 23.8 Synergy 08 Sterile distilled water 9.0 0.0

Example 3. Bioeffectiveness of in vitro use of fluconazole alone and fluconazole mixed with other active agents. ingredients, against RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI, in rice

No. Treatments* Pooled average colony diameter (cm) Inhibition by compared to the control sample (%) Expected Observable - Expected Conclusion 01 Fluconazole 60% WG (50) h,o 66.7 02 Azoxystrobin 23% SC (57.5) 8.0 I,7 OZ Boscalid 50% WG (50) 2.1 76.9 04 Chlorothalonil 72% SC (300) 2.6 71.1 05 Fluconazole 60% WG + chlorothalonil 0.6 93.3 90.3 uh Synergy 72% SC (100 + 600) About Fluconazole 60% WG + boscalid 50% WG (200 + 200) 0.6 93.3 92.3 1 Synergy 07 Fluconazole 60% WG + azoxystrobin 23% SC (200 + 230) 1.2 86.9 70.5 16.4 Synergy 08 Fluconazole 60% WG + chlorothalonil 72% SC (200 + 1200) 0.7 92.4 90.3 2.1 Synergy 09 Fluconazole 60% WG + azoxystrobin 23% SC (200 + 230) 1.4 84.4 70.5 13.9 Synergy O10 Sterile distilled water 9.0 oh oh

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. Fungicidal combination containing: a) fluconazole and b) a second agrochemically active fungicide selected from boscalid, azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil. 2. Fungicidal combination according to claim 1, in which fluconazole and the second agrochemically active fungicide are present in the ratio (1-90):(1-90). 3. A fungicidal composition containing the combination according to claim 1 and at least one agrochemically acceptable auxiliary substance. 4. A method for controlling fungi in an area, wherein said method includes adding a fungicidal combination according to claim 1 to the area where it is desired to carry out said control of fungi. 5. A set of components for obtaining a fungicidal combination, containing: a) a first container containing fluconazole; b) a second container containing a selection of fungicides selected from boscalid, azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil, and c) a user manual, which provides instructions for the user to mix the contents of the two containers.