EA041364B1 - ASSEMBLY STRUCTURE FOR PREPARED BUILDING - Google Patents

Description

The priority of the present application is claimed in accordance with the filing date of China Patent Application No. 201810753058.1 entitled Prefabricated Wall and Assembly Structure for Prefabricated Building and Construction Method The same, filed with the National Intellectual Property Administration of China on July 2018, the entire content of which is incorporated herein in its entirety through a link.

Field of invention

The present application relates to the technical field of building structures and, in particular, to a prefabricated wall and an assembly structure for a prefabricated building and a method for their construction.

Background of the invention

At present, due to the intensive industrialization of housing construction in China, a number of prefabricated residential complex projects have been implemented in many areas. Most of the existing prefabricated construction technologies are borrowed from abroad, and anchoring by embedding through internal channels and anchoring by embedding through external recesses have also been introduced, which are often used in many countries, such as the United States and Japan. The similarity of the technology of anchoring by embedding through internal channels and anchoring by embedding through external recesses lies in the embedding of the embedded coupling in concrete. After the concrete has gained the required strength, a steel rod is inserted into the coupling, and then a high-strength non-shrinking cement mortar is poured into the embedded coupling in order to fix the steel rod. As shown in FIG. 1, the steel rod grouting technology of the sleeve provides the ability to assemble buildings, which has been approved by user engineers.

However, due to the construction or structure required for the above two joining methods, these two joining methods have the following disadvantages.

First, in the above two joining methods, the force transmission method of the steel bars between the walls is an indirect force transmission to be transmitted through the cement mortar in the outer recesses, while the force transmission is not direct. Under the action of a normal force, two steel rods that are distant from each other must transmit force to each other. This way of transmitting force can create additional bending moment and shear force acting on the surrounding concrete, complicating the forces acting on the wall. In this case, cracks may appear in the upper part of the cement slurry at a relatively high axial local pressure. In addition, both of these connection methods place high demands on the cement slurry and grouting technology. If there are bubbles or other non-cemented particles in the coupling, this connection method can be significantly affected.

Secondly, with this method of connection, the embedded coupling is hidden inside the wall. If, during construction, the grout is loose or insufficiently extended due to slight leakage, it is difficult for builders or quality control personnel to check it, and therefore there is a hidden danger that the quality of the assembly cannot be guaranteed.

Thirdly, in order to meet the requirements of the grouting technology, grouting channels and air outlets must be left on the embedded coupler that protrude from the embedded coupler. In a wall with a large number of longitudinal steel bars, grouting channels and air holes can occupy a large volume at the bottom of the wall. In practical design, the lower section of the wall is often subjected to significant stress, since it is this section that largely provides the ductility of the wall. However, with the construction described above, the lower portion of the wall becomes the weakest portion of the wall. In practice, cracks often radiate around grouting channels or air outlets, and there is also a phenomenon where the concrete has completely fallen off at this point. In addition, the outer diameter of the embedded coupling is large and ranges from 4 to 5 cm, the outer surface of the embedded coupling is generally smooth, which cannot currently provide reliable adhesion to the surrounding concrete. Therefore, at a later stage of work, large concrete blocks in the lower part often fall out, while the optimal compression area in the lower part decreases, so that at a later stage, the assembly structure itself can affect the load-bearing capacity of the wall and reduce the ductility of the wall.

Based on the foregoing, the prefabricated building technology is in dire need of a prefabricated wall with direct force transmission having a strong structure, as well as an assembly structure and construction method with controlled assembly quality and low impact on the wall.

The essence of the invention

In view of the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an assembled prefabricated wall with a simple frame that does not require the addition of embedded parts to solve the technical problem that the structural elements of the lower part

- 1 041364 prefabricated walls are numerous and complex, which significantly affects the bearing capacity of the wall.

To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution disclosed in this application is as follows:

an assembled prefabricated wall is proposed, containing a concrete main block and a rigid frame concreted into the main block, and the rigid frame contains n vertical rods extending in the longitudinal direction, with n being an integer greater than or equal to 3, while the upper end and lower end of the prefabricated walls are made with m mechanical connecting parts, the axes of which coincide with the axes of the vertical bars, and m is an integer less than or equal to 2n, while all mechanical connecting parts are formed on the end parts of the vertical bars, while the purpose of this design is the following: since in In this application, the mechanical connecting parts are made at the ends of the vertical rods, then, on the one hand, the embedded parts at the base of the prefabricated wall are completely removed, which greatly simplifies the design of the internal frame of the prefabricated wall and is favorable for placing and fixing the frame in the prefabrication process walls, and effectively eliminates the problem of shearing and displacement of the mechanical connecting parts during pouring, and in addition, ensures the strength of the vibration seal, on the other hand, mechanical connecting parts are installed at the ends of the vertical rods, which contributes to the direct transmission of force after connection, in addition, the connecting parts visible from the outside of the concrete base block, which makes the strength of the connection visible and controllable, and effectively ensures the quality of the connection.

Each of the mechanical connecting parts contains a support and connection end and/or a support and connection cavity, which is located on the upper end and/or on the lower end of the prefabricated wall housing. The end part of the vertical rod protrudes from the surface of the concrete main block, and the support and connection part made on the end part of the vertical rod is the support and connection end; the end part of the vertical rod forms an open support and connecting part recessed inward in the axial direction of the vertical rod in the form of a support and connecting cavity. The purpose of this design is that, on the one hand, the mechanical connection part can extend from the concrete main block, and the mechanical connection part is now not embedded in the concrete main block, so that the connection is visible, which is convenient for checking and visualizing the strength of the connection and its quality; on the other hand, the structure of the wall of the coupler embedded in the concrete main block in the prior art has changed. The mechanical connecting part is not required to have cementing channels and air outlets to solve the technical problem of reducing wall compliance due to the wall base parts being numerous and complex in the prior art.

The outer diameter of the supporting and connecting ends is from 0.7 to 2 times the outer diameter of the vertical rod, and the outer diameter of the supporting and connecting cavity is from 1.2 to 3 times the outer diameter of the vertical rod. The purpose of this design is to significantly reduce and reduce the volume of the mechanical coupling compared to the existing coupling to solve the problem that in the prior art, the cementing channel and the coupling air outlet in the coupling or when spliced together take up too much space in the the lower part of the wall, which makes the lower section of the wall the least durable part of the wall, and also to prevent the phenomenon of the formation of expanding cracks due to relatively weak adjacent grouting channels or vents when force is applied, as well as concrete falling out in the form whole piece.

The supporting and connecting end has an external thread, and the supporting and connecting cavity has an internal thread. The purpose of this design is as follows: several components are connected by thread, which is convenient for the manufacture and installation of mechanical connecting parts and other components; the threaded connection provides direct transmission of force, reliability in connection and ease of installation, which can obviously increase the speed of construction.

The support and connection cavity is formed using a sleeve rigidly connected to the end part of the vertical rod, and the end of the sleeve remote from the vertical rod forms an open support and connection cavity. The purpose of this structure is as follows: since the support and connection cavity is formed by connecting the vertical rod and the sleeve connected to the end of the vertical rod, the machining cost is lower than the machining cost of the vertical rods integral with the support and connection cavity, while it becomes convenient to rotate the support and connection cavity when the frame is fixed in the wall prefabrication process, and since the vertical rod and the sleeve are relatively independent, the sleeve can rotate independently, which is favorable for placing and installing the vertical rod and sleeve in the mold.

The assembled precast wall can include not only a flat shaped wall, but also a non-standard shaped wall such as L-shaped, rectangular, U-shaped, arc-shaped wall, etc. When a precast wall is composed of a non-standard shaped structure, adjacent precast wall walls are at an angle α in the horizontal direction, with 0°<α<360°. A prefabricated wall of irregular shape can be made as a fixed spliced connection of several walls or as a single unit. The purpose of this design is that when a single precast wall does not meet the requirements of the building, the precast wall must be combined or deformed so as to give the aforementioned precast wall the shape of a non-rectilinear solid wall in the horizontal direction. Then, in the longitudinal direction of the prefabricated wall, a structure similar to the vertical bar and mechanical connecting part of the wall described above is formed. In this way, the construction of the embedded parts and the rigid frame in the prefabricated wall is greatly simplified, and it also provides a greater usability and constructive basis for the prefabrication of a complex wall in a mold.

At the same time, considerable convenience is additionally ensured when joining the walls.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a connecting or assembly structure of precast elements that is suitable for assembly and directly provides force transmission, and a method of its construction, aimed at solving the technical problems associated with indirect force transmission, high requirements for insulation and quality assurance of complex connections in the existing method of connecting prefabricated walls.

An assembly structure of a prefabricated building is proposed, containing the above prefabricated wall, including a top wall, a bottom wall and fastening components, with the top wall and bottom wall being the above prefabricated walls; wherein the top wall is positioned above the bottom wall and the vertical bars in the top wall are mechanically connected to the vertical bars in the bottom wall by means of fastener components.

The assembly structure further comprises a concrete monolithic section located between the top wall and the bottom wall, the concrete monolithic section covering the fastening component.

The fastening component contains a rod-insert, a locking element, a bushing-retainer and an adapter sleeve. The mechanical connecting parts of the upper or lower wall are connected to the adapter sleeve and the insert rod, respectively. The locking sleeve is installed in the adapter sleeve, the insert rod is inserted into the locking sleeve, and the locking element is installed on the outer edge of the insert rod, so that the insert rod is fixed with the locking sleeve without clearance. Thus, the upper and lower walls are firmly connected in the longitudinal direction in a monolithic section, and with such a connecting structure, the connected part is not hidden in the wall, and it can be clearly observed whether the connection is in place to ensure the strength of the wall connection and the ability to control the quality of the assembly. In addition, such a connecting structure directly connects the wall or longitudinal (vertical) bars in the wall, provides a more direct transmission of force, and through the bars are made in the wall connecting structure, which improves the overall compliance of the wall and the building having such a wall.

In addition, the assembly structure additionally contains a prefabricated floor slab and a monolithic layer. The lower edge of the precast floor slab is laid on each adjacent lower wall, with the monolithic layer filling the mounting gap between the precast floor slab, top and bottom wall. In addition, in the vertical direction, the level of the monolithic layer is at least on the same level with the upper prefabricated wall or the lower end of the wall. Since in the technical solution made in accordance with the present invention, the mechanical connecting part between the walls is located outside the prefabricated wall, when forming the entire building, it is necessary to fill or pour the upper part with a monolithic layer. The monolithic layer fills the mounting gap well. Due to its fluidity, monolithic concrete can simultaneously completely and effectively fill all installation gaps, which additionally ensures the solidity of the assembled connecting structure, ensures the absence of gaps and the integrity of the connecting structure, and also improves its strength.

In addition, the mounting gap filled with a monolithic layer contains a ceiling section located between the lower end of the upper wall and the upper end of the lower wall, as well as a space between the upper surface of the prefabricated floor slab and the lower end of the upper wall. Since the formation of the monolithic layer takes some time, during the formation process it is possible to mount other fixtures, such as floor tiles, logs and connecting panels, on the monolithic layer on the precast floor slab.

In addition, on the upper surface of the prefabricated floor slab, the rigid truss is made visible, while the monolithic layer fills the rigid truss. The rigid truss is made visible on the prefabricated floor slab, then it is covered and filled with a monolithic layer, which is convenient for installing embedded elements in the prefabricated floor slab and for completing the internal structure of the prefabricated floor slab. Embedded elements of a prefabricated floor slab are installed on a rigid truss or laid on a prefabricated floor slab or inserted into a gap of a rigid truss. After pouring the monolithic layer, these embedded elements are fixed in the floor. Embedded elements include horizontal or longitudinal rods of a precast floor slab, pipes for electrical wiring, pipes for air conditioning, pipes for underfloor heating, water pipes, etc.

The prefabricated building construction method includes the following steps.

Bottom wall fixing stage: fix the bottom wall on the foundation or platform, or on the already assembled floor.

Support installation step: install the support frame to support the precast floor slab near the bottom wall in accordance with the design requirements.

Stage of laying the precast floor slab: lay the prefabricated floor slab on the support frame and overlap the end of the prefabricated floor slab with the top of the bottom wall.

Wall connection step: Raise the top wall to a predetermined position so that the vertical bars of the top wall and the vertical bars of the bottom wall are mechanically connected using the fixing component.

Fixing component adjustment step: adjust the fixing component according to the pull-out and tensile test requirements for connecting and fixing the top wall and the bottom wall.

In-situ pouring step: concrete fill is poured into the precast floor slab and into the mounting gap between the top wall and the bottom wall to form a monolithic layer, resulting in the floor, top wall and bottom wall forming a monolithic structure without gaps.

Repeat the steps from the step of installing the support to the step of pouring in place until the construction of the prefabricated building is completed.

At the stage of installation of the support, the support bracket is assembled and fixed at the same level with the upper end of the lower wall, so that the support frame supports the precast floor slab in a horizontal direction, which avoids an emergency in which the prefabricated floor slab falls.

In addition, the step of connecting the wall further includes adjustment and placement, namely, installing shims between the top wall and the bottom wall, and installing diagonal braces between the precast floor slab and the top wall. Thus, when the wall is joined, the level and height of the long side of the wall can be adjusted by adjusting the number of shims, and the level and slope of the vertical and short sides of the wall can be adjusted with a diagonal brace that does not require a spacer and additionally provides a more precise connection. and improves connection reliability.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and provides the following positive results.

The present invention uses a connection method in which the fixing component and the mechanical connecting part directly butt the vertical rods, which can quickly mount and install the assembled wall, increase the rigidity of the connection of the node, and realize the design principle of strong nodes and weak components. This type of assembly design has appropriate seismic characteristics and at the same time provides sufficient strength of the wall connection. The design of a precast wall takes into account all the forces acting on the wall, with vertical rods used to strengthen the concrete wall section, improve the compliance of the bottom of the wall, enhance the overall strength of the components, and ensure the safety and reliability of the wall. After the vertical rods are connected to each other, through-rods are formed in the assembled connecting structure, which better ensure the integrity of the connecting structure and effectively load the wall, so that the bearing capacity is not reduced.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embedded coupler in a wall structure in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated wall made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a prefabricated wall made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical connecting part of a prefabricated wall made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a support and connection end in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a support and connection cavity in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 7 depicts a structural schematic diagram of certain positions of the support and

- 4 041364 connecting end and support and connecting cavity, in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the specific positions of the other support and connection end and the other support and connection cavity in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 9 is a representative structural schematic diagram of a support and connection end and a support and connection cavity in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 10 is a representative structural schematic diagram of another support and connection end and another support and connection cavity in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated wall made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another prefabricated wall made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another prefabricated wall made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a connecting structure of a prefabricated wall in an unconnected position, made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated wall connection structure made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a connecting structure of another prefabricated wall in an unconnected position, made in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 17 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting structure of another prefabricated wall;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a connecting structure in an unconnected position of another prefabricated wall;

fig. 19 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting structure of another prefabricated wall;

fig. 20 is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated wall connection structure in Embodiment 4;

fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged section of A shown in FIG. 20;

fig. 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated wall connection structure in Embodiment 5;

fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged section of B shown in FIG. 22;

fig. 24 is a schematic block diagram of the construction method.

The position numbers in Fig. 1-24.

- Prefabricated wall;

- concrete main block;

- hard frame

- vertical rod;

- mechanical connecting part;

- reference and connecting end;

- supporting and connecting cavity;

- clutch;

- prefabricated wall of non-standard shape;

- upper wall;

- bottom wall

- fixing component;

- insert rod;

- lock element;

- sleeve-lock;

- adapter sleeve;

- monolithic layer;

- ceiling section;

- prefabricated floor slab;

- rigid farm;

- coupling;

- channel for cementing;

- ventilation hole;

- support frame;

- adjusting gasket;

- Diagonal stretch.

- 5 041364

Detailed description of embodiments

In the following, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with embodiments.

Option 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the assembled prefabricated wall comprises a concrete main block 2 and a rigid frame 3 concreted into the main block. The rigid frame consists of vertical rods, horizontal rods and clamps connected to each other. Rigidity refers to the ability to resist deformation under static load. Rigid frame 3 refers to a support structure that does not use shrinkable materials or structures and that only slightly deforms or shifts under pressure, including a frame formed by interlacing or inserting and securing steel rods, composite metals and rigid fibers. As shown in FIG. 3, the rigid frame 3 comprises a group of vertical bars 4 containing at least three vertical bars 4 which are evenly spaced along the length of the wall casing. If there are less than three vertical bars 4, even if all the vertical bars 4 are connected, the connection between the precast walls is not strong enough, so at least three vertical bars 4 are required to increase strength. When it is required to connect the vertical bars 4 according to the architectural design requirements, at the ends of the vertical bars 4 to be connected, the mechanical connecting parts 5 are provided in such a way that all mechanical connecting parts 5 are visible or open on the concrete base block. Those. if a connection is required, it can be directly connected to the fastening component, or at least directly connected to one part of the fastening component, therefore, the mechanical connecting part 5 must be made on the end part of the vertical rod 4.

This solution provides not only the above-mentioned results due to the design of the mechanical connection part, but also overcomes the following disadvantages of the embedded coupling. When using an embedded coupler and overlapping steel bars in the coupler, the internal structure of the bottom of the wall contains vertical steel bars that are twice the size of the wall, plus horizontal embedded steel bars, an embedded coupler and spiral collars, etc., and the structural elements here are numerous and complex. At the same time, due to the lack of the necessary auxiliary equipment and suitable construction technology, the placement of vertical steel rods and couplings in this case is relatively more difficult, can cause displacement of the couplings and affect the joining of the walls when pouring concrete. In addition, with such a complex structure, it is difficult to ensure the vibrocompaction of concrete. However, the arrangement of the vertical bars and mechanical fittings in the present embodiment 1 greatly simplifies the internal structure of the precast wall, and the rigid frame in the present embodiment 1 can be manufactured according to the traditional cast-in-place steel frame manufacturing method without adding other embedded parts. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the mechanical connecting part 5 comprises a support and connection end 6 or a support and connection cavity 7, wherein the support and connection end 6 is usually located above the surface of the main concrete block 2, and the support and connection cavity 7 is usually installed flush with the surface of the concrete main block. 2. The support and connection end 6 or the support and connection cavity 7 are located and used as a connection device for connecting the upper and lower walls when assembling the prefabricated wall 1, and the support and connection end 6 and the support and connection cavity 7 have corresponding interacting structures that can be used for connection according to specific connection methods. For example, if appropriate fastening components are attached to them in accordance with the design requirements, then clamping grooves or blocks are located on the support and connection end 6, as well as in the support and connection cavity 7. They can be made as a threaded connection or a keyed connection. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 and 6, the advantage of a threaded connection is the direct transmission of force, reliable connection and ease of installation. Threaded connection is preferred, i.e. at the support and connecting end 6 there is an external thread, and in the support and connecting cavity 7 there is an internal thread. Furthermore, in order to overcome the disadvantage existing in the prior art that the embedded or lap joint used for joining, as well as its grouting channels and vents, take up too much volume at the bottom of the wall and in according to the present application, the outer dimension of the end mechanical connection part is shortened and reduced in the same proportion, and many studies show that the best effect is achieved when the specific size is limited, as indicated below, which is not easy to implement, but can play a role in creating a strong connection . Those. the outer diameter of the supporting and connecting end 6 is from 0.7 to 2 times the diameter of the vertical rod 4, the outer diameter of the supporting and connecting cavity 7 is from 1.2 to 3 times the diameter of the vertical rod 4. If the outer diameter of the vertical rod 4 is 6 041364 is equal to d and the outer diameter of the supporting and connecting end 6 is equal to d1, and the outer diameter of the supporting and connecting cavity 7 is equal to d2, then 2d>d1>0.7d, 3d>d2>1.2d. This design avoids the appearance of cracks and loss of concrete due to the large space occupied by embedded parts.

The specific positions of the support and connection end 6 and the support and connection cavity 7 can be easily changed fixed at the end of the prefabricated wall. As shown in FIG. 7, several support and connection ends 6 are located at the upper end of the prefabricated wall 1 and several support cavities 7 are located at the lower end of the prefabricated wall 1. This arrangement aligns the directions of the support and connection ends 6 and the support and connection cavities 7 on the precast wall 1, which is suitable for fixing the elements and the frame in the pre-fabrication of prefabricated wall 1 at the factory; when the prefabricated wall is assembled, due to the matching of the ends, it is not necessary to consider the connection direction of the mechanical connecting part 5, which is convenient for installation and assembly.

As shown in FIG. 8, the support and connection ends 6 and the support and connection cavities 7 are randomly distributed at the upper and cavities 7 there is a gap relative to the prefabricated wall 1 itself, after the connection is completed, the connection point naturally forms a gap, i.e. the height of each connection point also forms a downward connection point together with the structure of the support and connection end 6 and the support and connection cavity 7. Thus, when a shear force is applied to the connected concrete structure, since the connection points do not lie in the same horizontal plane, the structure can withstand a much greater shear force, while increasing the strength of the building structure.

As shown in FIG. 9, each support and connection end 6 is formed by making the end of the vertical bar 4 extend from one end of the concrete main block 2, and each support and connection cavity 7 is formed by upsetting the end of the vertical bar 4 and transforming it into an inwardly concave open cavity along the axial direction of the bar. . Thus, connecting the precast walls 1 with the support and connection end 6 and the support and connection cavity 7 is equivalent to directly connecting the vertical rods 4 between the precast walls 1, thereby forming vertical through rods that extend into the wall structure, which further ensures structural integrity and improves stability and safety of the wall.

As shown in FIG. 10, the support and connection end 6 is formed by the end of the vertical rod 4 emerging from the concrete main block 2, and the support and connection cavity 7 is formed using a sleeve 8 rigidly connected to the end of the vertical rod 4, with the end of the sleeve 8 remote from the vertical rod 4 , forms an open supporting and connecting cavity. In this case, a rigid connection means that when one element is displaced or under load, the other element associated with it cannot be displaced or deformed relative to the first element, i.e. two elements are connected as a whole. It can be threaded connection, key clamping, welding, heat treatment or cold rolling connection, etc. Thus, although the integrity of the support and connection cavity and the vertical shaft is slightly lost, the ease of assembly and manufacture is markedly improved, and the manufacture and assembly can be as flexible as possible at a lower manufacturing cost.

Option 2.

As shown in FIG. 11-13, the irregularly shaped prefabricated wall 9 consists of individual prefabricated walls 1, i. e. the prefabricated walls adjacent to each other between the plurality of prefabricated walls 1 are assembled at a certain angle in the horizontal direction. Since the assembly method or horizontal connection is not within the protection scope of the present invention, and the assembly method can be obtained by a person skilled in the art in view of the prior art, it is clear that the aforementioned vertical bar structure can also be used to connect horizontal bars between prefabricated walls, as well as the connection method described in this case below, the description of which is not given here. The present invention consists in that a custom-shaped prefabricated wall 9 is formed by joining prefabricated walls 1 in such a way that the mechanical connecting part 5 located in the longitudinal direction of the custom-shaped precast wall 9 and the embedded frame structure in the custom-shaped prefabricated wall 9 protrude from the prefabricated wall 1, while the custom-shaped prefabricated wall 9 includes the advantages of the prefabricated wall 1 as such. In addition, the custom-shaped prefabricated wall 9 provides a constructive basis for the prefabrication of complex walls. When the prefabricated wall 9 is prefabricated in one piece, the simple shape of the inner frame makes it convenient to install the frame in the mold. In addition, internal embedded parts, as a rule, are not taken into account, and even for complex walls, the properties of the walls may not change, which provides considerable convenience and practicality in the preliminary manufacture of complex walls. Since prefabricated wall 1 and prefabricated

- 7 041364 wall 9 differ only in shape, and their main vertical bars and mechanical connecting parts are the same, the prefabricated wall 9 can be considered as a change in the shape of the prefabricated wall, so the prefabricated wall 1 in this case consists of a straight wall and a non-standard shaped wall.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the prefabricated wall 1 is an L-shaped prefabricated wall where the interior angle (Za) between the interior walls of the wall is 90°, and a mechanical connection part 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall is used to provide a connection between the walls.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the prefabricated wall 1 is a V-shaped prefabricated wall, where the angle (Zb) between the inner walls of the wall is less than 90°, and a mechanical connection part 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall is used to provide a connection between the walls.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the prefabricated wall 1 is an open isosceles trapezoidal prefabricated wall in which the angle (Zc) between the inner walls of adjacent walls is between 91° and 179°, and a mechanical connection portion 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall is used to provide a connection between the walls.

Option 3.

As shown in FIG. 14 and 15, in the prefabricated building assembly, the upper wall 10 is the prefabricated wall 1 described in Embodiment 1 or the irregularly shaped prefabricated wall 9 described in Embodiment 2, which is installed in correspondence with the upper end (hereinafter, the upper wall). The bottom wall 11 is the prefabricated wall 1 described in Embodiment 1, or the irregularly shaped prefabricated wall 9 described in Embodiment 2 (hereinafter referred to as the bottom wall), which is installed in correspondence with the bottom end. End face matching means that the wall or mechanical fittings located at the end of the wall match each other. Specifically, when the upper and lower end surfaces of the two walls are opposite each other, the mechanical connecting part 5, which is on the same axis and is used for the connection between the walls, meets the requirements of the strengthening connection between the walls. The common feature of the upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11 is that the end portions of the vertical bars 4, arranged longitudinally in accordance with the design requirements, are made together with the corresponding mechanical connecting portions 5 on the wall. The upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11 are connected to the mechanical connecting part 5 by the fixing component 12 and fixed and fixed to form a prefabricated building assembly. The fixing component 12 is assembled and attached, respectively, to the ceiling section 18 left between the walls.

The wall connecting structure also comprises a monolithic layer 17. After the fixing component 12 is assembled and firmly connected in the ceiling section 18 formed between the upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11, the monolithic layer 17 fills and seals the ceiling section 18 so that the upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11 formed a single whole.

The connection of the upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11 consists in assembling the fastening component 12 corresponding to the ceiling portion 18 left between the walls by the fastening component 12. That is, a ceiling section 18 for connection is formed between the top wall 10 and the bottom wall 11, with the fixing component 12 being assembled in the ceiling section 18. The fixing component 12 should relatively rigidly connect only the top and bottom walls through dedicated connecting devices on the walls to be joined so that the connection of the walls met the design requirements. Thus, there are many options for the combination shape and connection structure of the fastening component 12. Those skilled in the art should understand that as a method of connecting the main bars in the rigid frame and the fastening component between the main bars, for example, a welded joint, a threaded joint, keyed connection, etc. In this case, one method of threaded connection is described. The fastening component 12 includes an insert rod 13, a locking element 14, a fixing sleeve 15 and a transition sleeve 16. The mechanical connecting part 5 of the upper wall 10 is connected to the transition sleeve 16 in a corresponding manner, and the mechanical connecting part 5 of the bottom wall 11 is connected to the insert rod in a corresponding manner. 13; or the mechanical connecting part 5 of the upper wall 10 is appropriately connected to the insert rod 13, and the mechanical connecting part 5 of the lower wall 11 is appropriately connected to the adapter sleeve 16. The locking sleeve 15 is fixed in the adapter sleeve 16, the insert rod 13 is inserted into sleeve-locker 15, and the locking element 14 is installed on the outer edge of the rod-insert 13, so that the rod-insert 13 is fixed with the sleeve-locker 15 without a gap. Thus, the upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11 are firmly connected in the longitudinal direction. With such a connecting structure, the part to be connected is not hidden in the wall, and it can be seen whether the connection is in place to ensure the strength of the wall connection. In addition, such a connecting structure directly connects the wall or longitudinal (vertical) rods in the wall and provides a more direct transfer of force, which improves the overall compliance of the wall and the building having such a wall.

When the mechanical connecting part 5 of the upper wall 10 is the supporting and connecting cavity 7, and the mechanical connecting part 5 of the lower wall 11 is the supporting and connecting end 6, then after the preliminary manufacture of the upper wall 10, the insert rod 13 is installed on the supporting and connecting cavity 7, with in this case, after the preliminary manufacture of the lower wall 11, the transition sleeve 16 is installed on the supporting and connecting end 6, and the sleeve 15 is placed and installed in the transition sleeve 16. When the upper wall 10 is connected to the lower wall 11, the height of the upper wall 10 is adjusted and the insert rod 13 the retainer 15 is inserted into the sleeve. The connector on the insert rod 13 expands and passes through the elastic plate into the retainer sleeve 15, while the elastic plate naturally returns to the compressed state, due to which the function of limiting and stopping the insert rod 13 is realized. Then the locking element 14 on the rod-insert 13 tighten so that the insert-rod 13 is fixed with a bushing-retainer 15 without a gap.

When the mechanical connection part 5 of the top wall 10 is the support and connection end 6, and the mechanical connection part 5 of the bottom wall 11 is the support and connection cavity 7, the connection between the top wall 10 and the bottom wall 11 is just the opposite of the above situation.

As shown in FIG. 16 and 17, when the mechanical connecting part 5 of the upper wall 10 is the bearing and connecting end 6 and the mechanical connecting portion 5 of the lower wall 11 is the bearing and connecting end 6, after the completion of the prefabrication of the upper wall 10, a transition sleeve is installed on the bearing and connecting end 6 16, and then the rod-insert 13 is installed in the transition sleeve 16. The connecting cavity of the transition sleeve 16 must have the form of an internal profile of the support and connecting cavity 7. 16 place and fix the retainer sleeve 15. When the upper wall 10 is connected to the lower wall 11, the height of the upper wall 10 is adjusted, the insert rod 13 is inserted into the retainer sleeve 15, and the connector on the insert rod 13 expands and passes through the elastic plate into the locking sleeve 15. The elastic plate eats naturally returns to a compressed state, due to which the function of limiting and stopping the insert rod 13 is realized, and then the locking element 14 on the insert rod 13 is tightened so that the insert rod 13 is fixed by the locking sleeve 15 without a gap, while firmly connecting together vertical rods.

As shown in FIG. 18 and 19, when the mechanical connection part 5 of the upper wall 10 is the support and connection cavity 7 and the mechanical connection part 5 of the bottom wall 11 is the support and connection cavity 7, the support and connection cavity 7 of the bottom wall 11 has the shape of the inner cavity of the adapter 16. After After prefabrication of the upper wall 10, a rod-insert 13 is installed in the supporting and connecting cavity 7, and after the preliminary manufacturing of the lower wall 11, a locking sleeve 15 is directly placed and fixed in the supporting and connecting cavity 7. When the upper wall 10 is connected to the lower wall 11, then the height of the upper wall 10 is adjusted, the insert rod 13 is inserted into the retainer sleeve 15, and the connector on the insert rod 13 expands and passes through the elastic plate into the retainer sleeve 15. The elastic plate naturally returns to the compressed state, due to which the limiting function is realized and stop rod-insert 13, and then the locking element 14 on the insert rod 13 is tightened so that the insert rod is fixed by the locking sleeve 15 without play, while firmly connecting the vertical rods together.

Option 4.

As shown in FIG. 20 and 21, the prefabricated building assembly comprises the wall assembly described in Embodiment 4, and also includes a prefabricated floor slab 19 and a monolithic layer 17. floor slabs 19, upper walls 10 and lower walls 11 are filled with a monolithic layer 17. In addition, the ceiling section 18 is made at least flush with the lower end of the upper wall 10 and is formed by a prefabricated floor slab 19 and the upper wall 10, as well as the lower wall 11, i.e. the height of the screed in the vertical direction is at least flush with the lower end of the top wall 10. The screed 17 is a liquid concrete filler or modified filler that can meet the specifications of the building filler. In particular, it can be fresh concrete with low shrinkage, prepared in a concrete mixer, consisting of precisely measured amounts of sand, crushed stone, cement, water, additives, impurities, etc.

In this embodiment, the top and bottom wall assembly uses the assembly shown in FIG. 14. I.e. the mechanical connection part 5 of the top wall 10 is the support and connection cavity 7, and the mechanical connection part 5 of the bottom wall 11 is the support and connection end 6, the vertical rods 4 being integrally connected by the fastening component 12. Since the end surfaces between the walls contain fasteners

- 9 041364 12, the prefabricated floor slab 19 can only overlap between the lower walls 11 in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal rods between the two prefabricated floor slabs 19 must also overlap. As a result, there must be a mounting gap between the prefabricated floor slabs 19, the top wall 10 and the bottom wall 11. The mounting gap has a ceiling section 18 between the lower end of the upper wall 10 and the upper end of the lower wall 11, as well as the space between the upper surface of the prefabricated floor slab 19 and the surface on which the lower end of the upper wall 10 is located. the section filled with a monolithic layer 17 contains a ceiling section 18 located between the lower end of the upper wall 10 and the upper end of the lower wall 11, as well as a space located between the upper surface of the prefabricated floor slab 19 and the surface on which the lower end of the upper wall 10 is located. In the present invention, after all the reinforcing bars to be installed between the walls are firmly connected, a monolithic layer 17 is used to fill the installation gap. On the one hand, the mechanical connecting part is visible and controllable, and the quality of the connection is ensured; on the other hand, the connecting structure of the building components is integrally integrated, and a plurality of through bars are provided in the connecting structure, which effectively improves the seismic resistance, tensile strength, and tear resistance of the building structure, and makes the entire building structure safer and more reliable.

Option 5.

As shown in FIG. 22 and 23, this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 4, except that a rigid truss 20 is visible on the upper surface of the precast floor slab 19, which is convenient for installing other fixtures or embedded elements in the precast floor slab 19. Devices or embedded elements of the prefabricated floor slab 19 are fixed in a rigid farm 20 or in the gap between a rigid farm 20 laid on a prefabricated floor slab 19, and fixtures or embedded elements include horizontal rods or longitudinal rods of the prefabricated floor slab 19, pipes for electrical wiring, pipes for air conditioning, floor heating pipes, water pipes, etc. Thus, the monolithic layer 17 covers the rigid truss 20, and these fixtures or embedded elements are installed in the floor, the surface of the building remains clean and even, which avoids damage to the building structure caused by grooves during subsequent finishing, has a high economic effect due to saving resources and cost reduction.

As shown in FIG. 24, the construction method of the assembly structure of the prefabricated building, in particular, the construction method of the assembly structure described in Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 5, including the precast floor slabs 19, the top wall 10, and the bottom wall 11, will be explained. The prefabricated floor slabs 19 are located on the upper ends of each of the two adjacent lower walls 11 using support frames 24, while the upper walls 10 are fixed above the lower walls 11 to a thickness exceeding the thickness of the prefabricated floor slabs 19, while the upper walls 10 are located opposite the lower walls 11. After reinforcing the rod is firmly connected in the ceiling section 18 between the upper wall 10, the lower wall 11 and the prefabricated floor slab 19, the mounting gap is filled with a monolithic layer 17. The monolithic layer 17 is placed at least on the same level with the lower end of the upper wall 10 to fill the ceiling section 18 , formed by a prefabricated floor slab 19 and the top wall 10, as well as the bottom wall 11.

The construction method of the prefabricated structure of the building consists in sequential erection in accordance with the following steps.

Component prefabrication step: Prefabricated wall 1 and prefabricated floor slab 19 are prefabricated.

Component transportation step: transporting the integral assembled precast wall 1 and prefabricated floor slab 19 to the construction site, and mounting the fixing components 12 to be connected to a part of the precast wall 1 and precast floor slab 19 are carried out.

Bottom wall fixing step: the bottom wall 11 is mounted on the assembled floor.

Floor slab assembly step: a prefabricated floor slab 19 is laid between the lower walls 11; in particular, for convenience and to prevent the floor slab from falling, the step of installing the support can first be carried out: in accordance with the design requirements, the support frame 24 to support the precast floor slab is assembled near the lower wall, while the support frame is assembled and fixed flush with the upper end of the lower walls 11 so that the support frame 24 supports the precast floor slab 19 in the horizontal direction. The support frame 24 may be a horizontal and vertical support rod or a triangular-shaped support frame 24.

Wall connection step: raise the upper wall 10 to a predetermined position; in particular, for a more optimal installation of the upper wall 10 between the upper wall 10 and the lower wall 11, a shim 25 is placed, while the level and height of the long side of the upper wall 10 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of shims 25, while between the prefabricated plate 19 of the ceiling and the top wall 10 set a diagonal stretch 26, and the vertical and short side levels and slopes of the top wall 10 are adjusted by the diagonal

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Claims (1)

stretching 26. Fixing component adjustment step: the fixing component 12 between the top wall 10 and the bottom wall 11 is suitably rigidly connected to the mechanical connecting part 5, the fixing components 12 being adjusted according to the pull and tensile test requirements for the connection between the top wall 10 and the bottom wall eleven. On-site pouring step: the concrete filler is poured at the construction site into the installation gap between the precast floor slabs 19 and the top wall 10 and the bottom wall 11, as a result of which the prefabricated floor slabs 19, the top wall 10 and the bottom wall form a monolithic structure without gaps; wherein the monolithic layer 17 is formed at a site on the job site, and the monolithic layer 17 is filled with low-shrinkage fresh concrete prepared in a concrete mixer, consisting of precisely measured amounts of sand, crushed stone, cement, water, additives, impurities, etc. repeating the stage of installation of the support to the stage of pouring in place until the completion of the prefabricated building. Unlike the case carburizing technology, this construction method uses cast steel or profile cutting to form the coupler, which has a higher manufacturing cost, a larger overlap, and requires more steel rods and cementing materials. Thus, the cost of a prefabricated wall is almost twice that of a monolithic wall, and the cementing work on the site is heavy, so the construction time depends on the speed of the cementing process by the workers on the site. However, workers may be limited by professional qualifications, hard work and other factors, and in the construction process, cementing is often loose and therefore not easy to ensure quality. At the same time, the present invention overcomes the shortcomings inherent in the existing assembly structure, such as low installation speed and the difficulty of guaranteeing efficiency and quality, optimizes the design of the joint between the wall and the floor slab, and makes the assembly structure reliable in connection, simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and easy to install. CLAIM 1. An assembly structure of an assembled building, comprising a top wall, a bottom wall, and a fastening component, wherein the top wall and bottom wall are prefabricated walls of the assembled building, with each prefabricated wall containing a concrete main block and a rigid frame concreted into a concrete main block, and the rigid frame contains n vertical rods extending in the longitudinal direction, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 3, while the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated wall are made with m mechanical connecting parts, the axes of which coincide with the axes of the vertical rods, and m is an integer less than or equal to 2n, while all mechanical connecting parts are formed on the end parts of the vertical rods, and each mechanical connecting part contains a support and a connecting end, while the end part of each vertical rod forms a support and connecting part protruding from the end to the vertical m direction of the surface of the concrete main block in the form of a support and connecting end, moreover, the support and connecting end has an external thread, while the outer diameter of the support and connecting end is from 0.7 to 2 times the outer diameter of the vertical rod, and the mechanical connecting part contains a support and connecting cavity, while the end part of the vertical rod forms an open support part, which is recessed inward in the axial direction of the vertical rod in the form of a support and connecting cavity, moreover, the support and connecting cavity has an internal thread, while the outer diameter of the support and connecting cavity is from 1.2 up to 3 times the outer diameter of the vertical rod, moreover, the support and connecting cavity is formed using a coupling rigidly attached to the end part of the vertical rod, while the end of the coupling, remote from the vertical rod, forms an open support and connecting cavity, and the upper i wall is located above the lower wall, and the vertical rods of the upper wall are mechanically connected to the vertical rods of the lower wall using a fastening component, and the fastening component contains an insert rod, a locking element, a locking sleeve and a transition sleeve, and the mechanical connecting part of the upper wall in a corresponding manner connected to the transition sleeve, and the mechanical connection of the bottom wall is appropriately connected to the insert rod, or the mechanical connection of the upper wall is appropriately connected to the insert rod, and the mechanical connection of the bottom wall is appropriately connected to the adapter sleeve, and the locking sleeve is fixed in the adapter sleeve, the insert rod is inserted into the retainer sleeve, and the locking element is put on the outer edge of the insert rod, so that the insert rod is fastened