EA040495B1 - FACADE DECORATIVE HEAT-INSULATING PANEL FROM POLYSTYRENE CONCRETE AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE (VERSIONS) - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and specifically to facade decorative heat-insulating plates or panels, including an external protective and decorative layer, and can be used as a device for heat-insulating coatings of wall structures of buildings and structures in residential, civil, industrial, agricultural and other types of construction.

From the prior art there are several polystyrene concrete products used in construction.

So, from the document RU 2577348 C1, 2014-12-04, a gypsum polystyrene concrete product is known, used in the load-bearing and enclosing structures of buildings. This product is made from a mixture containing the following components per 1 m ³ of the mixture: Portland cement 10.0-50.0 kg, gypsum or anhydrite or a mixture of them in any proportion 60.0-250.0 kg, tripol or flask or diatomite or their mixture in any proportion 7-75 kg, crushed polystyrene or mixture in any proportion with foamed granular polystyrene 0.70-0.98 m ³ , chrysotile-asbestos fiber 10.0-25.0 kg, plasticizing additive C-3 0.031, 40 kg, 10% solution of polyacrylamide 0.40-0.60 kg, water-soluble methylcellulose ester or building cellulose or carboxymethylated starch 0.01-0.05 kg, tartaric or citric or hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid 0.01-0.20 kg , water 20.0-140.0 l.

From the document RU 2002129773/03, 20.06.2004 structural and heat-insulating environmentally friendly polystyrene concrete is known, which contains, wt.%: mineral binder 49-73.5, polystyrene foam filler 1.2-12, complex additive 0.75-1.50 , water - the rest, and the filler is used with a density of 5-20 kg / m ³ fractional composition, vol.%: 5-10 mm 2-10, 2.5-5 mm 85-90, 1.25-2.5 mm 4 -6, 0-1.25mm 1-2. The mineral binder contains cement, a mineral-polymer additive containing 4.0-10 wt.% polymer, and finely ground slag. The complex additive includes various air-entraining, plasticizing additives and hardening accelerators. Also from this document, a method for manufacturing products from polystyrene concrete is known, in which the polystyrene foam aggregate is foamed at 60-105 ° C, the aggregate is fed into the concrete mixer, it is wetted with 1/3-1/4 hours of water, mixed, then the remaining components of the mixture are simultaneously fed, mix again, distribute the mixture in molds, compact by vibration, the mixture hardens under weight at a pressure of at least 0.03 MPa under natural conditions, heat treatment with live steam or electric heating in a certain mode using various thermoforms, stripping is carried out with a concrete strength of 0, 2 MPa.

From the document RU 2336162 known equipment for molding blocks of heat-insulating structural mixtures containing reinforcing fibers. The same document describes a method for obtaining a fiber-reinforced polystyrene concrete mixture by volumetric vibrocompression under static load at a load pressure of 8-15 kg / cm ² , having the same physical parameters of the block, about 600 mm long with through voids, having a density of 175425 kg / m ³ , compressive strength 0.35-1.8 MPa, flexural strength 0.15-0.6 MPa and thermal conductivity coefficient 0.065-0.10 W/mK.

To prepare the mixture, 16 kg of foamed granular polystyrene with a granule size of 2.8-3.0 mm, 0.6 kg of basalt fiber with a fiber length of 18 mm and a diameter of 13 microns, 0.35 kg of wood resin with a saponified, diluted part of water are loaded into the mixer mixing, 2 kg C-3, 0.5 kg of polyacrylamide diluted with part of the mixing water to a 10% concentration, 0.4 kg of GRSZH-94 in the form of a 50% emulsion, 0.4 kg of lignopan B-2, stirred until homogeneous mass, then, with stirring, 160 kg of Portland cement M-500 are introduced, continue to stir for 10 s, after which the rest of the mixing water is added (its total content is 55 kg) and mixed for 30 s. The resulting homogeneous mixture is fed to the dispensers of the molding line for the manufacture of monolithic blocks with a groove on one side and a protrusion on the other. Placed in the formwork, the mixture is subjected to volumetric vibrocompression when vibrations are applied from the IV-99E vibrator from below and compacted from above by a weighted plate at a pressure of 10 kg/cm ² . After molding, the blocks are lifted from the formwork by pushers and placed on pallets for drying.

From the source https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki, dated April 17, 2016, polystyrene concrete is known, which is a type of lightweight concrete and is a composite material, which includes Portland cement, porous filler - expanded polystyrene granules, water, and also air-entraining additive (SDO). Thanks to the combination of heat-insulating material, which is polystyrene granules, and concrete in one product, it was possible to obtain the optimal combination of characteristics for a building material - rot resistance, hydrophobicity, the highest load-bearing characteristics, thermal insulation, fire protection, sound absorption, frost resistance and freeze / thaw periods (service life ).

These analogues are basically similar in structure to the proposed invention, however, they are brick structures and are not suitable for external facade decoration, the present invention is a facade decorative thermal panel that differs in design and structure.

In addition, there are facing slabs and materials that differ in structure, composition and method of attachment to the walls of buildings and structures.

- 1 040495

So, artificial ceramic facing plates are widely used in construction. Plates manufactured at factories have exact dimensions. In addition to decorative qualities, these plates have heat-shielding properties. The plates are installed on steel fasteners (pins, pyrons, anchors) included in the grooves of the plates and reinforced in specially drilled holes in the wall. After the final installation of a number of plates on steel fasteners, the gap between the cladding and the wall is filled with mortar (see A.S. Ilchiev, A.D. Kokin, I.S. Reborotovich Fundamentals of the Construction Business, All-Union Educational and Pedagogical Publishing House Labor Reserve Publishing House. Moscow, 1956 ., pp. 254-256).

The disadvantages of this analogue include low characteristics of strength, reliability, frost resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to ultraviolet rays and corrosion, the use of expensive materials of a wide range in the manufacturing process, increased labor costs in the manufacture of plates and their installation.

From the document BY 00775 U, 30.03.2003, a heat-insulating rectangular plate is known, equipped with a profiling for connecting adjacent plates, while the profiling is made in the form of an angular cut along the longitudinal and transverse edges of the upper part of the plate and, accordingly, along the opposite edges of the lower part of the plate.

The disadvantages of this analogue include low characteristics of strength, reliability, frost resistance, resistance to ultraviolet rays and corrosion, the use of expensive materials of a wide range in the manufacturing process, increased labor costs in the manufacture of plates and their installation.

The objective of the invention is the manufacture of facade decorative heat-insulating boards or panels with improved technical characteristics.

The technical result is an increase in strength and reliability, an improvement in frost resistance and moisture resistance, an increase in resistance to ultraviolet rays and corrosion, a reduction in the range of materials used when carrying out work on facade insulation, due to the manufacture of facade decorative heat-insulating plates or panels, a reduction in manual labor and a reduction in the cost of installation in the process. insulation of facades, increasing the strength of the protective and decorative layer.

This is achieved by the fact that the facade decorative heat-insulating plate or panel made of polystyrene concrete already initially includes a layer of polystyrene concrete material, which, according to the invention, already monolithically consists of a decorative protective layer and heat-insulating polystyrene concrete, which is made of non-combustible material, reinforced with microfiber or fiberglass or polypropylene plaster mesh .

Facade decorative heat-insulating slab/panel consists of two monolithic layers, one of which is made of heat-insulating polystyrene concrete with the function of thermal insulation of the facade of the building and is a rigid polystyrene-concrete heat-insulating material, and the other decorative and protective layer that performs the function of decor and protects the slab/panel from external atmospheric and other influences, made of non-combustible material (concrete, material), reinforced with microfiber or fiberglass / polypropylene plaster mesh. Depending on the specific requirements of the architecture, the facade decorative heat-insulating board/panel can be made in various sizes and shapes, preferably with a size of 50x50, 30x60, 25x50 cm and a thickness of 4 to 5 cm. The thickness of the decorative and protective layer of the plate, depending on the configuration of the textured pattern plates can be different (for example, from 0.5 to 1.5 cm). In the process of manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating slab / panel from a homogeneous polystyrene concrete mass, during the vibration of the filled molds with polystyrene concrete, separation occurs and the formation of two layers that are monolithically connected to each other, thereby forming an integral monolithic facade decorative heat-insulating slab.

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 - facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel (front view), in Fig. 2 - facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel (section A-A), in Fig. 3 - fastening of the facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel on the outer surface of the structure, in Fig. 4 - fastening of the facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel on the outer surface of the structure, side view in section.

In FIG. 1 shows a facade decorative heat-insulating panel (1), which consists of a reinforced heat-insulating polystyrene concrete, made from a cement mortar, sand-gravel mixture, plasticizer, water and polystyrene crushed crumbs, polystyrene concrete, in turn, consists of a layer of polystyrene concrete with a high content of polystyrene (3) and layers with a low content of polystyrene (2), moreover, the layers are monolithically spliced and polystyrene concrete is reinforced with polypropylene microfiber or plaster mesh. In one of the options, the facade decorative heat-insulating panel has a plaster mesh made of fiberglass or polypropylene. Polystyrene concrete is made from cement mortar, sand and gravel mixture, plasticizer, water and crushed polystyrene foam. Sometimes the composition of the solution includes a dye, which is selected from a group of various colors, such as natural stone, marble, granite, etc., and

- 2 040495 sand-gravel mixture is added in proportions of 1/2 to cement, cement grades not lower than M500 are used. Glenium 51 and/or Acrylan 102 brand styrene-acrylic dispersion is used as a plasticizer in one embodiment, and Acrylan 102 and/or Novopol 26 is used as a plasticizer in another. The size of polypropylene microfiber is chosen from 1 to 2 cm, preferably 1.2 cm , and polypropylene or fiberglass plaster mesh is cut into the size of one injection mold (see Fig. 1, 2, 3).

This invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel, in which a solution for polystyrene concrete is made, consisting of cement, sand and gravel mixture, plasticizer, water and crushed polystyrene crumbs, the resulting mixture is poured into injection molds of the desired dimensions, into which cut plaster mesh, then the injection molds with the mixture are kept on a vibrating table until a layer of polystyrene concrete with a high polystyrene content and a layer with a low polystyrene content are obtained, after which the resulting panel is allowed to dry until the solution hardens. The method is characterized in that the molds with the mixture are kept on a vibrating table for at least 1 min, preferably 1.5 min, and several ready-made vibrated molds with polystyrene concrete are covered with plastic wrap and stacked up to 5-7 rows on an absolutely flat area for 24 h natural drying at an average temperature of +22-27°C. In some versions, after drying, the finished panel is removed from the injection mold and allowed to settle for the next 24 hours at an average temperature of +20-25°C, for which several finished panels are laid on pallets in a stack of up to 20 rows and wrapped with stretch film in order to ripen the polystyrene concrete composition and more productive drying of the products themselves in natural conditions. In some versions of the method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel, the injection mold has a 3D relief and from 2 to 4 reliefs for technological fastening recesses, and the dimensions of one injection mold are selected for panels with a size of 50x50, 30x60, 25x50 cm and a thickness of 4 to 5 cm (cm Fig. 3 and 4).

In another embodiment of the claimed method, the plaster mesh is polypropylene or fiberglass, cement of a grade not lower than M500 is used as cement, Glenium 51 plasticizer and/or Acrylan 102 brand styrene-acrylic dispersion is added to the solution.

In another embodiment of the claimed method, the plasticizer Acrylan 102 and/or Novopol 26 is added to the solution, a dye is added to the solution, which is selected from a group of various colors, such as natural stone, marble, granite, etc.

In another variant of the method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel, a solution for polystyrene concrete is made, consisting of cement, sand and gravel mixture, plasticizer, water and polystyrene crumbs-crushed, polypropylene microfiber is added to the resulting mixture and poured into injection molds of the desired sizes, then injection molds with the mixture is kept on a vibrating table until a layer of polystyrene concrete with a high content of polystyrene and a layer with a low content of polystyrene are obtained for about 1 min 30 s, after which the resulting panel is allowed to dry until the solution hardens. After the described procedure, several ready-made vibrated injection molds with polystyrene concrete are covered with polyethylene film and stacked up to 5-7 rows on an absolutely flat area for 24 hours of natural drying at an average temperature of +22-27°C. After drying, the finished panel is removed from the injection mold, left for the next 24 hours at an average temperature of +20-25°C, for which several finished panels are laid on pallets in a stack of up to 20 rows and wrapped with stretch film in order to ripen the polystyrene concrete composition and make it more productive. drying the products themselves in natural conditions.

In one of the options for manufacturing the method, the plaster mesh is polypropylene or fiberglass, cement is used as cement of grade not lower than M500, plasticizer Glenium 51 and / or styrene-acrylic dispersion of Acrylan 102 brand are added to the solution. In another version of the method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel in the plasticizer Acrylan 102 and/or Novopol 26 is added to the solution, in addition, a dye is added to the solution, which is selected from a group of various colors, such as natural stone, marble, granite, etc.

Example. In order to obtain a facade decorative heat-insulating slab from polystyrene concrete, it is necessary to prepare a solution of polystyrene concrete, which initially contains polystyrene foam balls (either raw or foam plastic crushed) as a heat insulator. These polystyrene foam balls will later act as a heat insulator. Fiberglass/polypropylene plaster mesh, cut to the size of the mold, is first laid into ready-made molds as reinforcement, or polypropylene microfiber is added during the preparation of polystyrene concrete. Glenium 51 and acrylic dispersion Acrylan 102 are used as a plasticizer. Next, a polystyrene concrete mass is poured along the edge of the mold sides. Then, on an impulse vibrating table, the molds filled with polystyrene concrete are kept for 1.5-2 minutes. In the process of vibrating molds with polystyrene concrete, the polystyrene concrete mass is delaminated into two monolithic intergrown layers. Vibrated forms with polystyrene concrete are stacked up to 5-7 rows and covered with polyethylene film for more efficient maturation of the polystyrene concrete mass over the next 24 hours

- 3 040495 at an average temperature of +20-25°C. After 24 hours, the finished monolithic-jointed products are stripped and then stacked on pallets with a stack of up to 20 rows, wrapped in stretch film and placed for additional natural drying for the next 24 hours. After 48 hours from the moment the injection molds are poured with polystyrene concrete, we get completely ready for transportation product to the end user.

The installation of the declared facade decorative heat-insulating plates/panels during the work on the insulation of facades is carried out as follows.

Installation of facade decorative heat-insulating plates / panels (1) is carried out from the starting foundation or profile, set strictly horizontally in level. As a starting profile, it is recommended to use an even rigid wooden beam or a profile pipe rigidly fixed to the wall (6) of the building. The first row of slabs is installed on the starting foundation, while the slabs are leveled on adhesive beacons applied to the reverse side of the slab in places (4) for installing anchor fasteners (5). Finished facade decorative heat-insulating plates/panels (1) are installed on the outer surfaces of the wall structure (facade) of buildings and structures end-to-end in rows and attached to the facade (from left to right and up).

Fastening of facade decorative heat-insulating plates/panels is carried out in the places (2) of installation of fasteners using fixing anchor dowels (5). Docking seams and heads of fasteners are sealed, the surface of the plates after priming is painted with facade rubber paint.

When mounting a facade decorative heat-insulating board/panel, it is necessary to install the edges of the boards/panels close to each other, if necessary, trim them by lightly pressing against the facade wall. Trimming of the outer layer of slabs/panels is carried out using a power tool with a diamond cutting disc for stone. Corner joints of facade decorative heat-insulating slabs/panels are made by cutting a polystyrene concrete slab/panel on one of the adjacent surfaces to the thickness of the entire polystyrene concrete slab/panel of the other adjacent surface at an angle of 45°.

After the adhesive beacons (7) have hardened, holes are drilled in the technological recesses of the outer protective and decorative layer of the facade decorative heat-insulating plate/panel for the installation of anchor dowels. The drilling depth of the insulated surface and the design of the anchors are selected depending on the wall material. Anchor dowels are installed in the prepared holes in such a way that the fastening head does not protrude above the surface of the slab and at the same time do not fall into the heat-insulating layer of polystyrene concrete. After installing the anchor dowels, the junction joints and the surface of the protective and decorative layer are carefully sealed with sealant or facade putty. The application of sealant or facade putty in the joints should be carried out in such a way that the sealing material is applied to the entire inner surface of the seam of the outer decorative layers. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the shrinkage of the sealant during drying and apply a slightly thicker layer of material.

A deep penetration acrylic primer is used to prime the surface of the facade decorative heat-insulating board/panel.

The heads of the anchor fasteners are sealed with putties for outdoor use. After the sealants and putties have dried, the outer decorative and protective layer is treated with a deep penetration primer and painted with facade rubber paint.

As a result of the production of the claimed invention, we obtain facade decorative heat-insulating boards / panels of increased strength, which provide reliable insulation of building facades, a variety of decorative design of facades and low cost of facade insulation due to the minimum amount of manual labor in their manufacture and installation.

In the present invention, all technical aspects of the production of facade decorative heat-insulating boards/panels have been improved, namely

1) a protective decorative concrete layer is 25-30% lighter than all available analogues, i.e. reduced layer thickness to 5-7 mm;

2) the composition of the decorative protective concrete layer has been improved, thereby eliminating the need for priming the entire surface of the decorative protective concrete layer at the final stage of facade finishing works. Styrene-acrylic dispersion (Acrilan 102 or Novopol 26) is added in certain proportions to the composition of the decorative protective concrete layer, which gives strength, frost resistance and protection to the entire structure and integrity of the declared panel. The composition of the decorative concrete layer includes PGS, microfiber or fiberglass / propylene plaster mesh, dioctyl adipate in proportions as a plasticizer, cement grade not lower than M-500;

3) fastening of the facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel is carried out due to a whole range of developed improvements, which include from 2 to 4 technological fixing recesses on the front side of the decorative and protective layer, depending on the size of the facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel (see Fig. 1) . Also, the declared facade decorative heat-insulating plate / panel (hereinafter referred to as the polystyrene concrete heat facade) is attached to the wall with an adhesive composition.

- 4 040495 one of two types of dry construction adhesive in bags of 25 kg, or at the expense of foam adhesive type

Titanium or Seresite. Since the back side has a natural roughness and increased porosity, in fact, the fastening of heat-facade panels made of polystyrene concrete has increased interpenetration and reliable adhesion to the load-bearing facade wall;

4) the declared panel, unlike all the prototypes existing today, differs in that we use only one basic material to obtain a facade decorative heat-insulating plate. This material is called polystyrene concrete, the composition of which includes only two main components of the material: polystyrene chips or expanded polystyrene crushed, which is a recycled product, and cement in certain proportions of a grade not lower than M-500. Polystyrene concrete is a relatively young material, which is only 20 years old, and only in recent years has it been increasingly used in the production of poured concrete in screeds and walls of buildings, as well as in the production of building polystyrene concrete blocks due to their low thermal conductivity. In our case, ready-made according to the technology I developed, polystyrene concrete is poured into ready-made molds with all the ingredients, which includes PGS, polystyrene chips, M-500 cement, plasticizers, acrylic hardeners, polypropylene microfiber or polypropylene / fiberglass plaster mesh and water (all in certain proportions). Further, the polystyrene concrete poured into molds is vibrated on an impulse vibrating table, where the time determined by the recipe for the manufacture of thermal facade panels is maintained per second, after which the vibrated molds are placed on an absolutely flat area for further natural drying for 24 hours at an average temperature of + 22-27 ° C;

5) the arrangement of technological recesses on the slab/panel itself, intended for fixing the decorative layer of the slab with anchor or dowel fasteners, ensures the reliability and durability of polystyrene concrete heat-facade slabs/panels fixed on the facade wall. All technological recesses on the front side of the thermal facade slabs/panels of polystyrene concrete are a necessary part of fastening the thermal facade slabs/panels of polystyrene concrete;

6) the dimensions of the declared panel can be more voluminous, for example, 80x80, 70x70, 60x60 slabs. Panels size 80x40, 70x35. Also, when using 3D molds, it is possible to obtain heat-facade slabs / panels from polystyrene concrete with a 3D effect;

7) in the process of manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating slab/panel made of polystyrene concrete in order to obtain a natural natural color of heat-facade slabs/panels imitating marble, granite, travertine within the framework of the claimed invention, if necessary or at the request of the customer, it is possible to tint the entire composition of polystyrene concrete at the stage of preparing liquid polystyrene concrete, i.e. by adding specialized dyes of different colors to the composition in certain proportions. Thus, the appearance of natural stone under granite, marble or travertine is achieved. The advantage of this method of manufacturing facade decorative heat-insulating plates/panels, unlike all existing prototypes, further completely eliminates the need to paint the surface of facade decorative heat-insulating plates/panels. For the end user, simplicity and reliability of installation, saving time and money on priming and painting facades are obvious. The declared panel already at the stage of installation has a completely finished look. It remains only to putty the technological seams, joints and sweats in the color of the facade decorative heat-insulating plates / panels themselves.

The level of technology for the production and installation of the claimed panel fully corresponds to the practical and technological feasibility of both manufacturing and using finished products in the field of facade decorative and cladding works, which is confirmed by photographic materials of the attached finished products (facade decorative heat-insulating slabs / panels imitating marble, granite, travertine).

Technological method of production of the claimed panel:

a polystyrene concrete solution is prepared with the necessary ingredients, which includes polypropylene microfiber, PGS (sand-gravel mixture), M-500 cement, plasticizers and expanded polystyrene crumb-crushed (and, if necessary or at the request of the customer, dyes) in proportions according to the production formula the declared panel;

ready-made polystyrene concrete mixture is applied to the finished molds by weight; for 1 min 30 s the mixture is kept on a vibrating table;

if instead of polypropylene microfiber in the production of thermal facade slabs / panels from polystyrene concrete it is planned to use polypropylene or fiberglass plaster mesh, then the plaster mesh cut to the size of the mold is first placed in the finished injection molds, and then polystyrene concrete is poured and vibrated on an impulse vibrating table for 1 min 30 s;

gave its ready-made vibrated forms with polystyrene concrete, covered with polyethylene film and stacked up to 5-7 rows in a bookcase on an absolutely flat area for 24 hours of natural drying at an average temperature of +22-27°C;

- 5 040495 after curing the decorative concrete mixture at a temperature in the workshop of +22-27°C after about 24 hours we take the product out of the molds and get the finished product;

the finished products after stripping should stand for the next 24 hours at the same average temperature of + 20-25 ° C, for which we stack the finished products on pallets in a stack of up to 20 rows and wrap them with stretch film in order to ripen the polystyrene concrete composition and more productive drying of the products themselves products in natural conditions.

Installation.

Installation of facade decorative heat-insulating slabs/panels made of polystyrene concrete starts from the top of the foundation, namely at the junction between the foundation and the masonry. Horizontally fixed profile square pipes are used as a guide line. The principle of laying facade decorative heat-insulating slabs/panels made of polystyrene concrete is absolutely identical to laying ceramic or tile plates on the wall, i.e. butt to butt, horizontally in a line and from bottom to top.

Before starting installation work, it is necessary to dedust the working surface of the wall, as a rule, this is achieved by treating the walls with a primer. It will also be necessary for better adhesion of the wall with the adhesive solution applied to the thermal façade slab/panel.

Next, the heat-facade slab/panel is fastened at the locations of 2 or 4 technological recesses on the front side of the heat-facade slab/panel to the wall with dowel fasteners.

In the corners of building facades, when laying slabs / panels, a truncated cut of a polystyrene heat-insulating board is laid at an angle of 45%. Thus, an aesthetically embossed appearance of the corner parts of the facade of buildings is achieved.

After the laying of the facade decorative heat-insulating boards/panels is completed, the stage of puttying the seams with a special heat-insulating putty with filler, tinted in the natural color of the facade decorative heat-insulating boards/panels, begins.

Formula-composition for the manufacture of facade decorative heat-insulating plates / panels from polystyrene concrete (marble, granite, travertine):

cement grade not lower than M-500 (in proportions),

PGS in a ratio of 1/2 to cement, polystyrene chips or polystyrene crushed (in proportions), plasticizer Glenium 51 (in proportions), polypropylene microfiber (1.2 cm long) or polypropylene / fiberglass plaster mesh, cut to size injection molds, styrene - acrylic dispersion (Acrilan 102 or Novopol 26) when using a styrene-acrylic dispersion in the composition with dioctyl adipate, subsequently it is not required to cover the facade decorative heat-insulating panel with an acrylic primer, dioctyl adipate to strengthen the polymer concrete composition (in proportions), water (in proportions), dyes (if necessary in proportions).

Equipment used in the production of facade decorative heat-insulating boards/panels:

a horizontal mixer for the preparation of polystyrene concrete, a hopper for polystyrene chips or crushed, a crusher for the preparation of polystyrene crumbs, a blower for the production of polystyrene crumbs from raw polystyrene granules, a vibrating table, vacuum molding equipment, electronic scales, injection molds.

Claims (27)

CLAIM 1. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel, in which a solution for polystyrene concrete is made, consisting of cement, sand and gravel mixture, plasticizer, water and polystyrene crumb-crushed, characterized in that the resulting mixture of polystyrene concrete is poured into injection molds of desired sizes, into which the cut plaster mesh is preliminarily laid, then the injection molds with the mixture are kept on a vibrating table until a layer of polystyrene concrete with a high polystyrene content (3) and a layer with a low polystyrene content (2) are obtained, after which the resulting panel is allowed to dry until the solution hardens. 2. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection molds with the mixture are kept on a vibrating table for at least 1 minute, preferably 1.5 minutes. 3. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1, 2, - 6 040495 characterized in that several ready-made vibrated injection molds with polystyrene concrete are covered with plastic wrap and stacked up to 5-7 rows in a stack on an absolutely flat area on 24 hours natural drying at an average temperature of +22-27°C. 4. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that after drying, the finished panel is removed from the injection molds, settled for the next 24 hours at an average temperature of +20-25 ° C, for which several finished panels on pallets with a stack of up to 20 rows and wrapped with stretch film in order to ripen the polystyrene concrete composition and more productive drying of the products themselves in natural conditions. 5. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the injection mold has a 3D relief and from 2 to 4 reliefs for technological fastening recesses, and the dimensions of one injection mold are selected for panels with a size of 50x50, 30x60 , 25x50 cm and 4 to 5 cm thick. 6. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plaster mesh is polypropylene or fiberglass. 7. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that cement of a grade not lower than M-500 is used as cement in the solution. 8. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that Glenium 51 plasticizer and/or Acrylan 102 brand styrene-acrylic dispersion are added to the solution. 9. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the plasticizer Acrylan 102 and / or Novopol 26 is added to the solution. 10. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that a dye is introduced into the solution, which is selected from a group of various colors, such as natural stone, marble, granite, etc. 11. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel (1), in which a solution for polystyrene concrete is made, consisting of cement, a sand-gravel mixture, a plasticizer, water and polystyrene crumb-crushed, characterized in that polypropylene microfiber is added to the resulting mixture of polystyrene concrete and poured into molds of the desired dimensions, then the molds with the mixture are kept on a vibrating table until a layer of polystyrene concrete with a high polystyrene content (3) and a layer with a low polystyrene content (2) are obtained, after which the resulting panel (1) is allowed to dry until the solution hardens. 12. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to claim 11, characterized in that the injection molds with the mixture are kept on a vibrating table for 1 min 30 s. 13. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any of claims 11, 12, characterized in that several ready-made vibrated injection molds with polystyrene concrete are covered with plastic wrap and stacked up to 5-7 rows in a bookcase on an absolutely flat area for 24 hours of natural drying at an average temperature +22-27°C. 14. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1113, characterized in that after drying, the finished panel is removed from the injection molds, settled for the next 24 hours at an average temperature of +20-25 ° C, for which several finished panels are laid on pallets with a stack of up to 20 rows and wrapped with stretch film in order to ripen the polystyrene concrete composition and more productive drying of the products themselves in natural conditions. 15. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1114, characterized in that cement of a grade not lower than M-500 is used as cement in the solution. 16. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1115, characterized in that Glenium 51 plasticizer and/or Acrylan 102 styrene-acrylic dispersion are added to the solution. 17. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1115, characterized in that the plasticizer Acrylan 102 and / or Novopol 26 is added to the solution. 18. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1117, characterized in that a dye is introduced into the solution, which is selected from a group of various colors, such as natural stone, marble, granite, etc. 19. A method for manufacturing a facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 1118, characterized in that the injection mold has a 3D relief and from 2 to 4 reliefs for technological fastening recesses, and the dimensions of one injection mold are selected for panels with a size of 50x50, 30x60, 25x50 cm and thickness from 4 to 5 cm. 20. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel (1), made according to claim 1 or 11 and consisting of heat-insulating polystyrene concrete, characterized in that heat-insulating polystyrene concrete is reinforced and consists of a layer of polystyrene concrete with a high content of polystyrene (3) and a layer with a low content of polystyrene ( 2), obtained by delamination and the formation of these two layers during the vibration of the filled molds from a homogeneous polystyrene concrete - 7 040495 mass, moreover, the layers have an integral connection, monolithically spliced, and the polystyrene concrete is reinforced. 21. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to claim 20, characterized in that the polystyrene concrete is made from a cement mortar, sand and gravel mixture, plasticizer, water and polystyrene crushed chips. 22. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 20, 21, characterized in that the solution contains a dye selected from a group of various colors, such as natural stone, marble, granite, etc. 23. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 20-22, characterized in that the sand-gravel mixture is added in proportions of 1/2 to cement. 24. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 20-23, characterized in that cement grade not lower than M-500 is used as cement. 25. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 20-24, characterized in that Glenium 51 and / or styrene-acrylic dispersion of Acrylan 102 brand is used as a plasticizer. 26. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel according to any one of claims 20-24, characterized in that Acrylan 102 and / or Novopol 26 is used as a plasticizer. 27. Facade decorative heat-insulating panel, according to any one of claims 20-26, characterized in that the injection mold has a 3D relief and from 2 to 4 reliefs for technological fastening recesses, and the dimensions of one injection mold are selected for panels with a size of 50x50, 30x60, 25x50 cm and 4 to 5 cm thick.