EA035614B1 - Systems, methods and apparatuses for wireless capacitive reception and transmission of signals with distortion compensation in a channel (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electronic communication systems. More specifically, the invention relates to high-speed, short-range, wireless capacitive systems, methods and apparatuses which can be used for the transmission of data between two adjacent electronic devices, modules or semiconductor crystals, etc. What is claimed is: a system for wireless capacitive reception and transmission of signals with distortion compensation in a channel, which comprises a transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus, which are capable, respectively, of wirelessly transmitting and receiving signals, wherein the transmitting apparatus comprises a signal precompensator with an input for data signals which are transmitted, a signal driver with an input for prepared signals and precompensation signals, and transmitting terminals which are spaced apart and are connected to the outputs of the signal driver in such a way that corresponding electrical fields are produced. The receiving apparatus comprises spaced-apart receiving terminals, which are capable of detecting the electrical fields produced by the transmitting terminals and received signals which are reproduced on the receiving terminals, and an adaptive signal corrector, which is capable of correcting the signal produced and recovering data, the inputs of said adaptive signal corrector being connected to the receiving terminals, and which adaptive signal corrector has outputs for received data signals. Additional provisions are the corresponding orientation of the transmitting apparatus with respect to the receiving apparatus such that at least partial coverage of the working surfaces of the terminals of both apparatuses is ensured. Furthermore, the working surfaces of the terminals of both apparatuses should be separated from one another by at least one non-conducting medium.

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The invention relates to the field of electronic communication systems. More specifically, the invention relates to high speed, short range, capacitive wireless systems, methods and apparatus that can be used to transfer data between two adjacent electronic devices, modules or semiconductor crystals, etc.

State of the art

Wireless communication between different electronic devices or blocks of one electronic system, i.e. transmission of analog and digital signals at close - millimeter and centimeter distances, in contrast to traditional radio systems, can be effectively carried out through capacitive communication. Recently, the spread of capacitive communication equipment has become possible due to the emergence of a new elemental base of electronic components, which are becoming more and more high-speed and are more acceptable for creating practical electronic circuits for wireless capacitive communication devices.

Capacitive communication systems are known as those in which signals are transmitted from one conductive element to another conductive element, where the two conductors are separated by a non-conductor. An electric field is created between two conductors, and as a result, a potential that is applied to the first conductor by the electric field can be detected on the second conductor.

Capacitive communication systems generally exist, incl. those where data is transferred between integrated circuits. For example, US Patent No. 6,916,719 (published 07/12/2005) describes apparatus and methods in which there are pairs of capacitor plates, where half is on each chip, the module or substrates are used to capacitively connect signals from one chip, module or substrate to another. The disadvantage of these systems is that they usually require a common power supply and grounding, as well as no compensation for distortion, which can lead in certain cases to narrowing the operating frequency range and to the appearance of data errors.

US patent No. 6336031 (published 01.01.2002) describes (I) a transmitter that has a pair of electrodes separated in space, and a circuit for changing the voltage difference across the electrodes of the transmitter in order to change the potential gradient of the electric field that is generated by the transmitter in accordance with the data, which are transmitted and (ii) which has a pair of electrodes separated in space and a receiver circuit that detects changes in the potential of the quasi-electrostatic field in order to further receive the transmitted data.

In another capacitive communication system, described in US patent application publication No. US 2009/0143009 A1 (publication date 01/04/2009), a transmitter is described having a transmitting electrode to which a transmitted signal is applied, and a receiver having a receiving electrode from which the received signal is removed and converted, incl. a comparator with hysteresis, in order to obtain the transmitted data. The disadvantage of the above two inventions is the lack of compensation for distortions in the capacitive communication channel, which leads to the appearance of data errors when transmitting two or more ones or zeros in a row in the data stream.

A significant disadvantage of the systems, methods and apparatus of these patents is that they do not solve the problem of reducing the influence of external factors (for example, electromagnetic interference, which lead to an increase in errors in the channel and / or to the loss of communication in general) on the capacitive connector and, thus , to work the system.

Signal compensation methods are also known for implementing wireless signal transceiving, which may include signal filtering, where equalization occurs on both sides of the capacitive transmission system. But the use of filtering in the transmitting apparatus leads to both partial precompensation of the signal and, at the same time, to partial distortion of the signal, which also in conditions of unstable parameters of the capacitive connection, for example, between devices, can lead to changes in the transmission efficiency, depending on the data signals, which are transmitted.

Regardless of the existence of these technologies, there remains a need for improved systems, methods and devices for wireless communication that are capable of transmitting data at high speed, with low transmission errors, under the influence of electromagnetic interference, and which do not require common wires or ground, with low power consumption. , including with wireless power supply.

The essence of the invention

The invention is based on the problem of compensating for distortions in the capacitive transceiver channel and reducing the influence on the capacitive channel of external factors, for example, electromagnetic interference during data transceiving, and, thus, increasing the efficiency of wireless capacitive transceiving signals.

The technical result is achieved by developing a system, which in one version (hereinafter referred to as the system of capacitive transceiver of signals, variant 1) contains a transmitting and receiving apparatus, configured respectively with the possibility of wireless transmission and reception of signals. The transmitting apparatus includes a single-channel differential signal precompensator, a single-channel differential signal driver, and at least one pair of space-separated transmitting terminals. A single-channel differential signal precompensator, which has an input for data signals that are transmitted, is configured to generate at the outputs one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals. A single-channel differential signal driver, which has an input for one pair of prepared signals and an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, is configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals. At least one pair of spatially separated transmitting terminals is connected to the outputs of the signal driver so as to create corresponding electric fields that represent one pair of signals - a pre-compensated direct and an inverted signal. The receiving apparatus consists of at least one pair of spaced-separated receiving terminals and a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signal and recover data. A pair of receiving terminals is capable of detecting the electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals, which induce one pair of received signals - direct and inverted signals - at the receiving terminals. The inputs of a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer made with the possibility of correcting the received signals and recovering data are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals; it also has outputs of the received data signals. In this case, the following conditions must be met: the transmitting device is oriented in relation to the receiving device in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices is ensured and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated by at least one non-conductive medium.

Another variant of the system, which is also an object of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the system of capacitive transceiving of signals, variant 2), also contains a transmitting and receiving apparatuses adapted to wirelessly transmit and receive signals, respectively. In this case, the transmitting apparatus includes a multi-channel single signal precompensator, a multi-channel single signal driver, and at least two spatially separated transmitting terminals. The multichannel single signal precompensator has an input for data signals that are transmitted and is configured to generate at the outputs one prepared signal and at least one precompensation signal. A multi-channel single signal driver, which has an input for one prepared signal and an input for at least one pre-compensation signal, is configured to generate at least one direct signal and one pre-compensation signal at the outputs. At least two spatially separated transmission terminals are connected to the outputs of the signal driver in such a way as to create electric fields that represent at least one direct signal and one pre-compensation signal. The receiving apparatus includes at least two spatially separated receiving terminals and a multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer. In this case, the receiving terminals are able to detect electric fields created by the transmitting terminals, which induce at least two received signals on the receiving terminals - a direct signal and a precompensation signal. The inputs of the multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer, made with the possibility of correcting the received signals and recovering data, are connected to at least two receiving terminals, and it also has outputs of the received data signals. In this case, the following conditions must be met: the transmitting device is oriented relative to the receiving device in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices is ensured and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated by at least one non-conductive medium.

Another variant of the system, which is also an object of the present invention (hereinafter the system of capacitive transceiver of signals, variant 3), also contains a transmitting and receiving apparatuses adapted to wirelessly transmit and receive signals, respectively. The transmitting apparatus includes a multichannel differential signal precompensator, a multichannel differential signal driver, and at least two pairs of spatially separated transmitting terminals. The multichannel differential signal precompensator has an input for data signals that are transmitted and is configured to generate at the outputs one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals. A multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, is designed to generate at least two pairs of signals at the outputs - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals ... The receiving apparatus includes at least two pairs of spatially separated receiving terminals and a multi-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer. In this case, the receiving terminals are capable of detecting electric fields created by the transmitting terminals, which induce at least two pairs of received signals on the receiving terminals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals. Multichannel Diff Inputs

- 2 035614 of the renal adaptive signal equalizer, made with the possibility of correcting the received signals and recovering data, are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, it also has outputs of the received data signals. In this case, the following conditions must be met: the transmitting device is oriented relative to the receiving device in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices is ensured and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated by at least one non-conductive medium.

It is advisable to include in the above systems a latch made with the possibility of fixing the transmitting and receiving devices of the respective sides in an oriented position.

The transmitting apparatus for wireless capacitive signal transmission with channel distortion compensation, which is part of the capacitive signal transceiver system option 1 and which is also the object of the present invention (hereinafter the transmitting apparatus option 1), contains a single-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for data signals that transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals; a single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals; at least one pair of spatially separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver in such a way as to create corresponding electric fields that represent one pair of signals - a pre-compensated direct and an inverted signal.

Another version of the transmitter for wireless capacitive signal transmission with compensation for distortion in the channel, which is part of the capacitive signal transceiver system option 2, and which is also the object of this invention (hereinafter the transmitter option 2), contains a multi-channel single signal precompensator with an input for signals data that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one prepared signal and at least one pre-compensation signal; a multi-channel single signal driver with an input for one prepared signal and with an input for at least one pre-compensation signal, configured to generate at the outputs at least one direct signal and one pre-compensation signal; at least two spatially separated transmitting terminals which are connected to the outputs of the signal driver in such a way as to create electric fields that represent at least one direct signal and one pre-compensation signal.

Another version of the transmitting apparatus for wireless capacitive signal transmission with compensation of distortion in the channel, which is part of the capacitive signal transceiver system option 3 and which is also the object of this invention (hereinafter the transmitting apparatus option 3), contains a multi-channel differential signal pre-compensator with an input for signals data that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals; multichannel differential signal driver, with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, designed to generate at least two pairs of signals at the outputs - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted signals precompensation; at least two pairs of spatially separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver in such a way as to create electric fields that represent at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signal and direct and inverted precompensation signals.

In the composition of the above transmitting devices, in some implementations, it is advisable to include a coding unit for input data signals and / or a delay line and / or a filter and / or an amplifier of at least one of the signals selected from the group that contains a direct signal, an inverted signal, direct precompensation signal, inverted precompensation signal, before being applied to at least one of the transmitting terminals.

It is also expedient to develop the above-mentioned transmitting apparatuses with the function of generating the presence identifier signal of their side and determining the presence identifier signal of the receiving apparatus of the other party.

It is advisable to include in the above transmitting devices additional elements selected from the group that contains a serialization unit, an aggregation unit with other transmitting devices, an interface and / or coordination unit with external systems, an interface and / or coordination unit with an external standard data exchange interface, a latch, made with the possibility of fixing the transmitting apparatus with the receiving apparatus of the other side in an oriented position, or any combination thereof.

It is advisable in the above-mentioned transmitting devices to include at least one suppression groove made of a conductive material and filled with a non-conductive medium, which partially or completely surrounds the working surface of at least one terminal.

- 3 035614

A method for wireless capacitive transmission of signals with compensation of distortions in a channel, which is also an object of the present invention, where the transmitting apparatus option 1 is used, includes the steps of: generating one pair of prepared signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals at the outputs of a single-channel differential precompensator of signals; feeding one pair of prepared signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals to the inputs of a single-channel differential signal driver; formation of precompensated direct and inverted signals at the output of a single-channel differential signal driver; supplying the pre-compensated direct and inverted signals to at least one pair of spatially separated transmitting terminals that generate electric fields representing the pre-compensated forward and inverted signals.

Another method of wireless capacitive transmission of signals with compensation of distortions in a channel, which is also an object of the present invention, where the transmitting apparatus option 2 is used, includes the steps: generating one prepared signal and a precompensation signal at the outputs of a multichannel single signal precompensator; feeding one prepared signal and a precompensation signal to the inputs of a multichannel single signal driver; generating at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal at the output of the signal driver; supplying at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal to at least two spatially separated transmitting terminals that generate electric fields representing the direct signal and the precompensation signal.

Another method for wireless capacitive transmission of signals with compensation of distortions in a channel, which is also an object of the present invention, where the transmitting apparatus option 3 is used, includes the steps of: generating one pair of prepared signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals at the outputs of a multichannel differential precompensator of signals; feeding one pair of prepared signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals to the input of a multichannel differential signal driver; generating at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; supplying at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals to at least two pairs of spatially separated transmitting terminals, which create electric fields representing direct and inverted signal and direct and inverted precompensation signal.

It is advisable for the above methods to include fixing in the oriented position of the transmitting apparatus and the corresponding receiving apparatus on the other side of the wireless capacitive signal transmission, relative to each other.

It may also be advisable to include the coding of the input data signals, and / or delay, and / or filtering, and / or amplification of at least one of the signals selected from the group that contains a direct signal, an inverted signal, a direct pre-compensation signal, an inverted pre-compensation signal, prior to being applied to at least one of the transmitting terminals.

It is expedient for the above methods to include the generation of the presence identifier signal of one's side and the determination of the presence identifier signal of the receiving apparatus of the other side.

A receiving device for wireless capacitive reception of signals with compensation of distortions in a channel, which is part of the capacitive signal transceiver system option 1 and which is also an object of the present invention (hereinafter, the receiver option 1), contains at least one pair of spaced-apart receiving terminals, capable of detecting electric fields created by transmitting terminals, which induce one pair of received signals - direct and inverted signals on the receiving terminals; a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signal and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals, and which has outputs of the received data signals.

The receiving apparatus for wireless capacitive reception of signals with compensation of distortions in the channel, which is part of the capacitive signal transceiver system option 2 and which is also an object of the present invention (hereinafter, the receiver option 2), contains at least two spaced-apart receiving terminals capable of to detect the electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals leading to the receiving terminals at least two received signals - a direct signal and a precompensation signal; a multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer made with the possibility of correcting the received signals and recovering data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two receiving terminals and which has outputs of the received data signals.

A receiving device for wireless capacitive reception of signals with compensation of distortions in a channel, which is part of the capacitive signal transceiver system option 3 and which is also an object of the present invention (hereinafter, the receiver option 3), contains at least

- 4 035614 at least two pairs of spatially separated receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals, which induce at least two pairs of received signals at the receiving terminals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; multichannel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and which has outputs of the received data signals.

It is expedient to develop the above-mentioned receiving devices with the function of generating the presence identifier signal of their side and determining the presence identifier signal of the transmitting device of the other side.

It is also advisable to include in the above-mentioned receiving devices a unit for decoding the recovered data signals and / or a unit for interfacing and / or matching with external systems.

It is advisable to include in the above receiving devices additional elements selected from the group that contains an interface and / or matching unit with an external standard data exchange interface, a delay line, a filter, an amplifier of at least one of the signals of the direct and inverted received signal, a clock signal restorer from the received data signal, a deserialization unit, an aggregation unit with other receiving devices, a latch made with the possibility of fixing the receiving device with the transmitting device of the other side in an oriented position, or any combination thereof.

It is expedient to include in the above receiving devices at least one suppression groove made of a conductive material and filled with a non-conductive medium, which partially or completely surrounds the working surface of at least one terminal.

The method for wireless capacitive reception of signals with compensation of distortions in the channel, which is also an object of the present invention, where the receiving apparatus option 1 is used, includes the steps: orientation of the receiving apparatus relative to the transmitting apparatus in such a way as to provide at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices, and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium; detecting electric fields leading to a direct and an inverted signal at each of the at least one pair of receiving terminals; correction by a single-channel differential adaptive equalizer of the received one pair of signals - direct and inverted signals, and data recovery.

The method for wireless capacitive reception of signals with compensation of distortions in the channel, which is also an object of the present invention, where the receiving device option 2 is used, includes the steps of: orienting the receiving device relative to the transmitting device in such a way as to provide at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices, and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium; detecting electric fields leading to at least two signals - a direct signal and a precompensation signal at at least two receiving terminals; correction by a multichannel single adaptive equalizer of at least two signals of the received direct signal and the precompensation signal, and data recovery.

The method for wireless capacitive reception of signals with compensation of distortions in the channel, which is also an object of the present invention, where the receiving apparatus option 3 is used, includes the steps of: orienting the receiving apparatus relative to the transmitting apparatus in such a way as to ensure at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices, and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium; detecting electric fields leading to at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals on at least two pairs of receiving terminals; correction by a multichannel differential adaptive equalizer of the received at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; and data recovery.

It is advisable for the above methods to include fixing in the oriented position of the receiving apparatus and the corresponding transmitting apparatus on the other side of the wireless capacitive signal transmission relative to each other.

It is also expedient to include amplification and / or filtering and / or delay of at least one signal from two received signals - direct and inverted signal and / or decoding of the recovered data signals - to the above methods.

It is expedient for the above methods to include the generation of the presence identifier signal of one's side and the determination of the presence identifier signal of the transmitting apparatus of the other side.

Wireless capacitive signal transceiver system with channel distortion compensation (hereinafter referred to as the capacitive signal transceiver system option 4), which is also the subject of this

- 5 035614 of the invention and includes at least one transceiver device consisting of one transmitting device according to option 1 or 3 and one compatible receiving device according to option 1 or 3, on each side of the wireless transceiver, made in such a way that which connects the midpoints of the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus, approximately perpendicular to the straight line that connects the midpoints of the working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving apparatus, provided that each transmitting apparatus of the transceiver apparatus is oriented towards the corresponding receiving apparatus of the transceiver apparatus of the other side so that at least partial the overlap of the respective working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving and transmitting apparatuses and that the working surfaces of the terminals of these apparatuses are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium.

A system for wireless capacitive signal transceiver with compensation for channel distortion (hereinafter referred to as a capacitive signal transceiver system, option 5), which is also an object of the present invention and includes at least one transceiver apparatus on each side of the wireless transceiver, consisting of one transmitting apparatus, which includes either a single-channel a differential signal precompensator with an input for data signals that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals;

or a multichannel single signal precompensator with an input for data signals that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one prepared signal and at least one precompensation signal, and a multichannel single signal driver with an input for one prepared signal and an input for at least one a precompensation signal, configured to generate at the outputs of at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal;

or a multichannel differential signal precompensator with an input for data signals that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals, and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, configured to generate at the outputs of at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; and one compatible receiving apparatus that includes either a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signal and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals, and which has outputs of the received data signals;

or a multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two receiving terminals, and which has outputs of the received data signals;

or a multi-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and which has outputs of the received data signals;

and common terminals in the amount of at least one pair of terminals, or at least two terminals, or at least two pairs of terminals, depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving devices, and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting devices in the transceiver apparatus;

provided that each transceiver is oriented with respect to the transceiver of the other side in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver of one side with the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver of the other side is ensured and that the working surfaces of the common terminals of these devices are separated by at least one non-conductive medium.

It is advisable to include a latch in the capacitive signal transceiver system (option 4-5), made with the possibility of fixing the transmitting and receiving devices of the respective sides in an oriented position.

The transceiver apparatus for wireless capacitive transceiving of signals with compensation of distortion in the channel, which is part of the signal transceiving system option 4 and which is also the subject of the present invention, includes one transmitting apparatus according to option 1 or 3 and one compatible receiving apparatus according to option 1 or 3, which are made in such a way that the straight line connecting the midpoints of the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus is approximately perpendicular to the straight line connecting the midpoints of the working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving 6 035614 apparatus.

The transceiver apparatus for wireless capacitive transceiving of signals with compensation of distortion in the channel, which is part of the signal transceiver system option 5 and which is also the object of the present invention, contains one transmitting apparatus, which includes either a single-channel differential signal pre-compensator with an input for data signals that are transmitted , configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate one pair at the outputs precompensated direct and inverted signals;

or a multichannel single signal precompensator with an input for data signals that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one prepared signal and at least one precompensation signal, and a multichannel single signal driver with an input for one prepared signal and an input for at least one a precompensation signal, configured to generate at the outputs of at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal;

or a multichannel differential signal precompensator with an input for data signals that are transmitted, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals, and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, configured to generate at the outputs of at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; and one compatible receiving device, which includes either a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signal and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals and which has outputs of the received data signals;

or a multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two receiving terminals and which has outputs of the received data signals;

or a multi-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and which has outputs of the received data signals; and common terminals, in the number of at least one pair of terminals or at least two terminals or at least two pairs of terminals, depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses, and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatuses in the transceiver apparatus.

Brief Description of Drawings

The following illustrations of the drawings, as well as the description of examples of implementation of systems, methods and apparatuses for wireless capacitive transmission and reception with compensation of channel distortions, are given only to illustrate the claimed invention and do not limit the scope of the rights indicated by the claims.

FIG. 1 - graph of the frequency response of a typical capacitive path;

fig. 2 is a diagram of a received signal with a distorted shape, which was capacitively transmitted through a non-conductive medium;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of a transmitter and receiver apparatus in a wireless capacitive transceiver system using a single-channel differential transmitter and receiver apparatus;

fig. 4 is a block diagram of a transmitter and receiver apparatus in a wireless capacitive transceiver system using a multichannel single transmitter and receiver apparatus;

fig. 5 is a block diagram of a transmitter and receiver in a wireless capacitive transceiver system using a multi-channel differential receiver and transmitter;

fig. 6 is a block diagram of one implementation of a single channel differential transmitter;

fig. 7 are diagrams illustrating the operation of the single channel differential transmitter of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a block diagram of the implementation of a single-channel differential receiving apparatus;

fig. 9 are diagrams illustrating the operation of a single-channel differential adaptive equalizer;

fig. 10 is a detailed block diagram of one implementation of multichannel single transmitting and receiving apparatus of a wireless capacitive transceiver system;

fig. 11 are diagrams illustrating the operation of a multichannel single signal precompensator;

fig. 12 is a detailed block diagram of the implementation of multichannel differential transmitting and receiving devices, wireless capacitive transmission system;

fig. 13 (a and b) is a view of the relative position of the working surfaces of differential pairs of transmitting and receiving terminals, where the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the transmitting terminals is approximately perpendicular to the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the receiving terminals;

fig. 14 is a block diagram of transceiver apparatus using common terminals of a wireless capacitive transceiver system;

fig. 15 is a view of the area with the working surfaces of the terminals in the transmission apparatus and the suppression groove that surrounds this area;

fig. 16 is a sectional view of the terminal area of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses in an oriented position, where one of the apparatuses has a suppressing groove.

Detailed description

The following detailed description discloses objects of the invention according to the given embodiments, but various modifications can be applied to each description, and the principles described below can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the essence of the inventions and their scope.

Thus, the inventions set forth in this patent are in no way limited to the embodiments shown.

The objects of the invention are variants of systems, methods and apparatuses for short-range wireless capacitive transmission of data signals with compensation of distortions in the channel between two adjacent electronic devices. Examples of such electronic devices, but not limited to them, can be two mobile phones, a mobile phone and a computer or a portable storage device and a laptop, two or more semiconductor chips that are combined on top of each other in a microcircuit, or two or more layers in a micro assembly, and etc.

The systems, methods and apparatuses described in this patent allow the transfer of data from one apparatus to another. In this case, the precompensator can create a prepared signal by converting the input data into a format that allows the above transmission, but in some cases it can be signal repetition, inversion, scaling, etc. For example, in one implementation, before the transmitter begins generating any data signals for transmission to the receiving device, that data may be converted to a sequence of binary numbers so that the actual data stream that is transmitted from one device to another is represented by streams 1 and 0. After transmission, the data is transformed again to represent it in its original form. This patent does not impose any requirements as to the specific nature or protocol of this or similar conversion. In one non-limiting embodiment, an example of physical signal coding that can be used in a transmitter precompensator is Manchester code or Differential Manchester.

In general, any capacitive connection is a capacitive-resistive voltage divider, with a frequency response (Fig. 1) where the working area 101 is limited at low frequencies by a low signal level at the receiving terminals and at high frequencies by the speed of the system. The slope of the frequency response is largely determined by the capacitance between the terminals of the transmitting and receiving devices, which in turn depends on the design of the terminals, the distance between them, the characteristics of the non-conductive material that fills the distance between the terminals, etc. In this case, the transmitting terminals are conductive elements that have an input that, through the point of introduction, delivers a signal to a conductive working surface, which can have a free shape, and is configured to generate electric fields. Receiving terminals, in turn, are conductive elements that have an output that, through a tap point, removes a signal from a conductive working surface, which can have a free shape, and is configured to detect electric fields.

The data signal 102, which is transmitted through a link with an uneven frequency response, undergoes certain changes, which consist in distorting the waveform, and the longer the pulse duration (for transmitting binary signals), the more noticeable the drop in amplitude at the end of the pulse 103 (Fig. 2 ), which can lead to an increase in errors in the channel, significant or complete distortion of the data that is transmitted, or even to the loss of communication at all.

This patent describes systems, methods and apparatuses that provide compensation for distortions in a capacitive communication channel, mainly through pre-compensation on the transmit side and adaptive equalization on the receive side. In addition, by using differential transmission through a capacitive communication channel and introducing a suppression groove into the terminal area, significant compensation for external influences is achieved.

The essence of precompensation is the generation of additional signals, depending on the composition of the data in the stream, which are fed to the input of the transmitting apparatus, where certain precompensation signals are generated in the intervals of the main signal with a duration longer than one cycle

- 8 035614 of the same logical level. These additional signals are combined with the main signal in the path of the capacitive connection in the sections of the circuits from the signal driver of the transmitting device to the adaptive equalizer of the receiving device, after pointing the signals at its receiving terminals.

The signal driver generally performs the function of a certain amplification of precompensation signals and prepared signals, respectively, to certain weighting factors and can combine signals, match them with terminals, but is not limited to this.

But depending on the implementation of the system, the transmitting device or the method, the precompensation of signals can be performed in different ways. For example, in one embodiment, the precompensation of the signal that is being transmitted occurs precisely in the signal driver, where a precompensation signal is added to the main signal, and thus the precompensated signal is generated at the output of the driver, and, accordingly, at the transmitting terminals. In another implementation, the pre-compensation signal or signals are transmitted simultaneously with the main signal through at least one additional capacitive channel of the wireless connection, identical to the main channel, and configured to transmit pre-compensation signals.

In general, the adaptive signal equalizer in the receiving device creates the received data at the output due to the correction and the principle of signal-dependent data recovery using a clock signal. In this case, in differential versions of the adaptive equalizer, subtraction of the in-phase induced noise from the received signals can also occur.

In other implementations, an adaptive signal equalizer can be used such that it generates obtained data at the output by recovering data from the received signal and at least one received pre-compensation signal. In this case, the reconstructed clock signal can also be used.

In one possible embodiment (Fig. 3), a wireless capacitive transceiver system with channel distortion compensation (hereinafter referred to as the System) includes a transmitter 201, which consists of a single-channel differential signal pre-compensator 208, a single-channel differential driver 209, and at least one pair transmitting terminals 212, which are separated in space; a receiver 202 that consists of a differential adaptive equalizer 210 and at least one pair of receiver terminals 213 that are spatially separated. In this case, the conditions must be met that the transmitting and receiving apparatus are oriented in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both apparatus is ensured. Those. the working surface of each of the terminals 212 should be oriented against the corresponding working surface of the terminals 213 with at least a certain overlap. In addition, it is necessary that the oriented corresponding working surfaces of the terminals of both devices be separated by at least one non-conductive medium 211. The fulfillment of the conditions of mutual orientation of the respective working surfaces of the terminals of both devices provides capacitive coupling between them.

The system (Fig. 3) works as follows: when data is fed to the transmitting apparatus 201, a single-channel differential precompensator of signals 208, depending on the input signal 203, generates one pair of differential prepared signals 215-1,215-2, and direct 204-1 and inverted 204-2 precompensation signals that the single-channel differential driver 209 combines with the prepared signals 215 to form the precompensated forward 205-1 and the inverted 205-2 signals. At least one pair of spatially separated transmitting terminals 212-1 and 212-2, when precompensated forward 205-1 and inverted 205-2 signals are applied to them, generate corresponding electric fields that represent precompensated forward and inverted signals. After appropriately orienting and positioning the receiving apparatus 202 relative to the transmitting apparatus 201, the receiving terminals 2131 and 213-2 can detect electric fields that induce a forward 206-1 or an inverted signal 206-2. Differential input signals 206, having experienced the influence of the capacitive communication channel and external factors such as electromagnetic interference that may occur during wireless signal transmission, are corrected by a single-channel differential adaptive equalizer 210, which partially or completely eliminates the influence of external factors and generates an output signal data 207.

An embodiment of the System (Fig. 3) is intended for wireless unidirectional data transmission from the transmitter 201 to the receiver 202. In other embodiments of the System, a circuit for transmitting data in the opposite direction, or a bi-directional or multi-directional transmission scheme, etc. can be added. Also, the System can be used to transmit signals that are separated by time, code or frequency method, but not limited to these methods, by encoding input data in the precompensator of the transmitting apparatus and decoding the recovered data received by the receiving apparatus in the adaptive signal equalizer.

In some embodiments of the System, the transmitting and receiving devices can be implemented in an integrated design, for communication between semiconductor crystals or between layers in a microassembly. In other implementations, for example for communication between different devices,

- 9 035614 these devices may contain a printed circuit board and several integrated circuits, etc., or be made as specialized semiconductor chips or modules.

Another possible implementation of the System (Fig. 4) may include a transmitter 201, which consists of a multi-channel single signal pre-compensator 308, a multi-channel single driver 309 and at least two transmitting terminals 212, separated in space, and a receiving device 202, which consists of a multi-channel single adaptive equalizer 310 and at least two receiving terminals 213, separated in space. In this embodiment of the System, the conditions of mutual orientation of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses must also be met in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both apparatuses is ensured. Those. the working surface of each of the terminals 212 should be oriented against the corresponding working surface of the terminals 213 with at least a certain overlap. In addition, the oriented corresponding working surfaces of the terminals of both devices must be separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium 211. Fulfillment of the orientation conditions of the respective working surfaces of the terminals of both devices provides capacitive coupling between them.

The system (Fig. 4) works as follows. When the data signal (s) 203 is fed to the transmitting apparatus 201, depending on the input signal 203, one of the methods described in this patent, but not limited to this, precompensation signals 304 at the output of the multichannel single precompensator of signals 308 and the formation of one prepared signal 315 from input signal 203. Signal driver 309 generates at least one direct signal and precompensation signal 305, which are then applied to at least two spatially separated transmission terminals 212, each of which creates a corresponding electric field that represents the direct signal and precompensation signal. After orienting the receiving device 202 towards the transmitting 201, at least partially overlapping the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices and ensuring the conditions for separating the working surfaces of these devices from each other by at least one non-conductive medium 211, the receiving terminals 213 can detect electric fields that induce at least two signals, a direct signal and a precompensation signal 306 at each of the at least two receiving terminals 213.

The multi-channel single adaptive equalizer 310, after appropriate correction of signals 306 and partial or complete elimination of the influence of some external factors on the signal, for example, electromagnetic interference, recovers and generates the data output signal 207, and the recovered clock signal can be used.

Also, the above-described System can be used to transmit signals that are separated by a time, code or frequency method, but not limited to these methods, by encoding the input data in the pre-compensator of the transmitting apparatus and decoding the recovered data received by the receiving apparatus in the adaptive signal equalizer.

It is also possible to implement the System (Fig. 5), which includes a transmitter 201, which consists of a multi-channel differential precompensator of signals 408, a multi-channel differential driver 409 and at least two pairs of transmitting terminals 212, separated in space, and a receiving device 202, which consists of from a multi-channel differential adaptive equalizer 410 and at least two pairs of receiving terminals 213, separated in space. In this embodiment of the System, the conditions of mutual orientation of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses must also be met in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both apparatuses is ensured. Those. the working surface of each of the terminals 212 should be oriented against the corresponding working surface of the terminals 213 with at least a certain overlap. In addition, the oriented corresponding working surfaces of the terminals of both devices must be separated from one another by at least one non-conductive medium. Fulfillment of the orientation conditions of the corresponding working surfaces of the terminals of both devices provides capacitive coupling between them.

The system (Fig. 5) works as follows. When the data signal (s) are fed to the transmitting apparatus 201, depending on the input signal 203, in one of the ways described in this patent, but not limited to this, differential precompensation signals 404 and the formation of one differential pair of the prepared signal 415-1 and 415 -2 from the input signal 203 at the output of the multichannel differential precompensator 408. The multichannel differential signal driver 409 generates at least two pairs of signals 405 — direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals. These signals are then provided to at least two pairs of spatially separated transmit terminals 212, each of which generates a corresponding electric field that represents forward and inverted signals and forward and inverted precompensation signals. After orienting the receiving device 202 to the transmitting 201, at least partially overlapping the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices and ensuring the conditions for separating the working surfaces of these devices between themselves by at least one non-conductive medium 211,

10 035614 receiving terminals 213 can detect electric fields that induce at least two pairs of signals 406 — a forward and an inverted signal and a forward and an inverted precompensation signal on at least two pairs of receiving terminals.

The multichannel single adaptive equalizer 410, after appropriate correction of signals 406 and partial or complete elimination of the influence on the waveform of some external factors, such as electromagnetic interference, recovers and generates the data output signal 207, while it is possible to use the recovered clock signal.

Also, the above-described System can be used to transmit signals that are separated by a time, code or frequency method, but not limited to these methods, by encoding the input data in the pre-compensator of the transmitting apparatus and decoding the recovered data received by the receiving apparatus in the adaptive signal equalizer.

Also, for variants of the Systems that contain, on each side of the wireless transceiver, at least one transmitting and one receiving apparatus, where pairs of differential signals are transmitted in the channel or channels of the capacitive connection, such a mutual arrangement of terminals can be used in which the straight line that connects the midpoints the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus is perpendicular, or approximately perpendicular to the straight line that connects the midpoints of the working surfaces of the receiving apparatus. Also, when each of the centers of the receiving terminals is equidistant from the centers of both terminals of the transmitting pair, the signals emitted through the transmitting terminals and directed to the working surfaces of the receiving terminals are compensated.

For all of the above systems, a latch can be used that can lock the transmitting and receiving devices of the respective sides in an oriented position. In this case, the latch can have, but is not limited to, a magnetic, mechanical, pneumatic or other principle of implementation, etc. (not pictured).

A non-limiting embodiment of the transmitter 201 (FIG. 6) is possible, which is used in the System (FIG. 3), where 201 consists of a single-channel differential signal precompensator 208, a single-channel differential signal driver 209 and two transmission terminals 212-1 and 212- 2 separated in space. The diagrams (Fig. 7) further explain the operation of this transmission apparatus 201.

A single-channel differential signal precompensator 208 compares the prepared signal 215 with a clock signal 503 to determine the duration of logic levels, generates precompensation signals, direct 204-1 and inverse 204-2, which are combined with direct 215 in adders 517, which are part of the single-channel differential driver 209 -1 and inverse 215-2 prepared signal. As a result, the output signals 205-1 and 205-2 have an increased amplitude of each next bit with a logic level the same as in the previous bit - level 1, and a reduced amplitude of each next bit with a logic level the same as in the previous bit - level 0.

The single-channel differential precompensator 208 and the single-channel differential driver 209 in other implementations may have additional components, for example, a data coding unit, a DAC, amplifiers of the output precompensated signal, delay lines for aligning the time shifts of the main signal and precompensation signals, filters for limiting the signal spectrum, a suppressor groove etc. Also, in any implementations, the transmitting apparatus 201 may include additional units, such as a serialization unit, a DAC, an aggregation unit with other transmitting devices, an interface and / or coordination unit with external systems, an interface unit and / or coordination with an external standard exchange interface data, etc. Some elements and blocks can be replaced with similar ones or those that, in combination with other blocks / elements, perform similar functions, for example, instead of adders, operational amplifiers in combination with inverters, etc., but without departing from the context of this invention.

One of the possible, non-limiting embodiments of the receiving apparatus (Fig. 8), where 202 may include two spaced-apart receiving terminals 213-1 and 213-2 and a single-channel differential adaptive equalizer 210, in which the received differential signal 206 can be amplified in differential amplifier 523, which eliminates induced common-mode electromagnetic interference. The filter 522 can be tuned in some non-limiting ways both to emphasize a specific frequency band and to further correct the waveform. In some implementations, the filter may be included in front of the amplifier 523, or be combined with the amplifier, etc. Data and clock recovery 520, using the clock signal, which is generated by the clock recovery circuit, induces the shape of the data output signal 207, which is close to the waveform that was fed to the input of the transmitter, due to the presence of pre-compensation components in the received signal, which also reduces the data jitter at the output apparatus. Clock recovery in one implementation can be implemented by introducing a signal generator, which is covered by a phase-locked loop, which synchronizes this oscillator with the input signal 524, also to ensure the functioning of the circuit, the restored clock signal can be applied to dividers and / or frequency multipliers, delay lines, phase shifters, additional amplifiers, etc. The clock output 521 may be present for further data processing as needed, and in some non-limiting implementations, the adaptive equalizer may recover the clock only to maintain its function.

Data recovery in one non-limiting implementation can occur due to the operation of a logic circuit that would change its state with a certain change in the input signal level after the rise and / or fall of the restored clock synchronization signal, for example, a D-flip-flop circuit, etc. Also, in some embodiments, the receiver 202 may include additional units, such as an ADC, a decoder unit for recovered data signals and / or an interface unit and / or a unit for matching with external systems, an interface unit and / or matching with an external standard interface. data exchange, delay line, filter, amplifier of at least one of the signals: direct and inverted received signal, clock recovery from the received data signal, deserialization unit, unit for aggregation with other receiving devices, suppressor groove.

The diagrams (Fig. 9), which explain the operation of this differential adaptive equalizer, show the possible waveform of the input signals 206-1 and 206-2, the waveform after amplification and elimination of the induced common mode interference 535, the signal after filtering and correction 524, data 207 and clock signal 521, which are recovered by the data restorer and clock 520.

In one non-limiting embodiment of the receiving and transmitting apparatuses (FIG. 10), which may be part of another embodiment of a wireless capacitive transceiver system, the transmitting apparatus comprises a multi-channel single signal pre-compensator 308, a multi-channel single signal driver 309, and four spatially separated transmit terminals 212 -1 - 212-4, and the receiving apparatus 202, contains four separated in space receiving terminals - 213-1 - 213-4 and a multichannel single adaptive equalizer 310. Distortion compensation occurs thanks to a multichannel single precompensator 308, which compares the prepared signal 315 generated from the input signal 203, with the clock signal 503, to determine the duration of the logic levels, and generates the precompensation signals 304-1, 304-2, 304-3 so that the received precompensation and data signals 306 in the receiving apparatus are combined with each other in a certain order in adaptive corrector whore 310, compensated for the distortion in the channel. The diagrams (Fig. 11) explain the operation of this non-limiting implementation of the multichannel single precompensator 308. The required precompensation level for this embodiment can be achieved, for example, by changing the amplitude of the precompensation signals 304 or changing the gain of amplifiers 602, 603 and 606, etc. The multichannel single signal driver 309, which in this case consists of amplifiers 602 and amplifiers-inverters 603, generates output signals 305-1 - 305-4 in such a way that, in addition to compensating for distortion in the channel, the induced common-mode electromagnetic interference. For example, in this implementation, the signal at the output of the signal restorer 608 is the sum of the prepared signal 315 and the precompensation signals 304, which are transmitted by the transmitting, and received by the receiving devices with certain weight coefficients, which are set by the amplifiers and will have a somewhat distorted shape, at least due to losses in the capacitive communication channel. The output signal is created by summing these above signals, but this can be achieved, among other things, by inverting some of them on the transmitting side and subtracting them among themselves in a certain order on the receiving side using differential amplifiers that can be part of the signal restorer 608, but not limited to them. Moreover, some signals on the receiving side can be delayed using delay lines, etc. to align possible time shifts.

In general, any waveform correction circuit can be employed, where, by transmitting the main signal and precompensation signals, the necessary correction of the waveform distorted in the capacitive communication channel would occur, and the suppression of the induced common-mode electromagnetic interference on the receiving side.

In another version of the receiving and transmitting apparatuses (Fig. 12) as part of the wireless capacitive transmission system, which differ from the previous ones in that the transmitting apparatus 201, which consists of a multi-channel differential signal percompensator 408, a multi-channel differential signal driver 409 and four spaced-separated pairs of transmitting terminals 212-1 - 212-8, for each signal, both prepared and precompensation signals, their direct and inverse copy is generated in the multichannel differential precompensator of signals 408 using amplifiers-inverters 603 and amplifiers 602. In the multichannel differential signal driver 409 these signals can be amplified to a certain level by amplifiers 604. Thus, the output signal 405-1 through 405-8 consists of differential pairs of the main signal and the precompensation signals. Formation of precompensation signals for a given, unlimited implementation of the apparatus can occur in one of the ways described in this patent. In the receiving apparatus 202, consisting of four spaced-separated pairs of receiving terminals 213-1 - 213-8 and a multi-channel differential adaptive equalizer 410, due to the pairwise amplification of the input signal pairs 406 in the multichannel differential adaptive equalizer 410 using differential amplifiers 607, the influence induced common mode noise. In the general case, any signal filtering / correction scheme can be used, wherever differential pairs of signals of both the main and precompensation signals are formed on the transmitting side, and their pairwise processing at the receiving side in order to eliminate common-mode noise and generate the necessary correction.

Amplifiers that are used both to amplify signals and to create the desired level of precompensation, depending on specific implementation requirements, can be either with a fixed gain or with a variable, and the change in gains can occur both due to feedbacks, so it can be regulated, for example, by a logic circuit, etc., for which the receiver can have an additional control input.

In the implementations of the Systems, where differential signals are used for transmission in the capacitive communication channel, for some non-limiting implementations in the receiving and transmitting apparatuses belonging to one of the sides of the wireless transceiver, such an arrangement of terminals is possible (Fig. 13a and b), in which the line the symmetry of the working surfaces 804 of the receiving pair of terminals 801 is perpendicular, or nearly perpendicular, to the line of symmetry of the working surfaces 803 of the transmitting pair of terminals. In other embodiments, when the shapes of the working surfaces of the terminals are asymmetric, instead of being oriented by symmetry, it is possible to arrange where the lines that pass through the centers of the terminals, or through points of entry and exit from signal terminals and the like, are perpendicular or nearly perpendicular. When each of the centers of the receiving terminals is equidistant from the centers of both terminals of the transmitting pair, the signals emitted through the transmitting terminals and directed to the working surfaces of the receiving terminals are compensated. Thus, a significant reduction in certain signal distortions that are induced at the receiving terminals of the receiving apparatus is achieved. So, the coexistence in the described Systems of the receiving and transmitting apparatus on the same side of the transceiver becomes effective due to the compensation of the above distortions.

A non-limiting implementation of the System is also possible with at least two transceiver devices (FIG. 14), which contain common terminals 901. The transceiver devices consist of receiving devices 905, transmitting devices 904, a terminal switch 902 and common transceiving terminals 901. Switching terminals to the receiver 905 or to the transmitter 904, depending on the direction of transmission, is performed by the switch 902, which can, according to external control signals 903, for example from a logic device (not shown), carry out terminal switching in any known manner. Transmitter 904 and receiver 905 in some implementations, but not limited to this, may be the ones described in this patent, characterized by the absence of terminals, instead of which the transceiver uses common terminals 901, switched by the switch 902. In other implementations implementation, it is possible to use additional components, for example, the composition may include data encoding / decoding units, amplifiers, filters and / or signal delay lines, etc.

Also, in some non-limiting implementations, it is possible to combine several terminals by connecting them to the corresponding output of the driver of the transmitting apparatus or the input of the adaptive equalizer of the receiving apparatus, using both a parallel connection of the inputs or outputs of such terminals with a switch, and other connection schemes, for example, a circuit in which terminals that are not engaged in certain modes can be switched to ground, etc. In one embodiment, a switch with a control signal 903 switches the necessary terminals selected from a common array of common terminals (or matrix) to provide a certain mode, connecting them in parallel, and thus changes the total area of the terminal working surfaces necessary for this mode, and , respectively, and changing the power of the signal that is transmitted and / or the level of the received signal, but not limited to this.

In some embodiments, a latch can be used in conjunction with the receiving (s) and / or transmitting (s) apparatus (s) to fix the respective apparatuses in the oriented position, after orienting one with the other. The devices can be fixed in any known way, for example using a magnetic field, for example using permanent magnets, or using a vacuum pump, mechanical fixation, etc. Also, the transmitting and / or receiving apparatuses can include an apparatus (s) for the contactless transmission of power energy and / or an apparatus for contactless reception of power energy, where, after the orientation of the respective apparatuses, a contactless transfer of power energy can take place, in any known way, from one apparatus to another. Transmission of power supply can be performed using transmission terminals, and reception of power supply, respectively, using reception terminals, but not limited to this.

- 13 035614

In some embodiments, the receiving and / or transmitting apparatuses may generate a presence signal and / or detect the presence signal of the machine on the other side of the wireless transceiver. As a presence identifier and a presence identifier sensor, which can be located on different sides of the wireless transceiver, a pair of a permanent magnet and a Hall sensor can be used, but not limited to this. Also, the permanent magnet can be used both as a fixture and as a presence identifier. Thus, a method for determining in a transmitting apparatus the presence of a receiving apparatus on the other side of the transceiver, for example, can include: after orienting such a receiving apparatus, made, for example, with a permanent magnet as a presence identifier, to a transmitting apparatus, made, for example, with a Hall sensor , upon triggering the Hall sensor, and generating the corresponding control signal, the start of data transmission can occur, which can be preceded by the power supply to the corresponding units, if they were not included before, but not limited to the above. Also, by analogy, a method for determining in a receiving apparatus the presence of a transmitting apparatus on the other side of the transceiver, for example, may include: after orienting such a transmitting apparatus, made, for example, with a permanent magnet as a presence identifier, to a receiving apparatus, made, for example, with Hall sensor, but the Hall sensor is triggered and the corresponding control signal is generated, the start of data reception may occur, which may be preceded by the power supply to the corresponding units, if they were not turned on before, but not limited to the above.

Also, the receiving and / or transmitting apparatuses can have an identifier for generating a configuration and / or access signal, and a sensor for determining the configuration identifier signal and / or access to the other party's machine. In one non-limited implementation of the identifier, a set of permanent magnets may be used to generate a configuration and / or access signal, deployed in different poles so as to generate a specific permanent code using a magnetic field, which may contain information about the type of device that is connected, contain data for the configuration of the data interface or data access permission, but not limited to. As a sensor for determining the configuration and / or access identifier signal, there can be a certain corresponding array with a Hall sensor, which would be oriented to the corresponding magnets on the other side of the wireless transceiver, when the receiving apparatus is oriented towards the transmitting one, or two transceiving apparatus at least between themselves on both sides of the wireless data exchange system. Such an array of Hall sensors, configured to detect the magnetic field generated by the corresponding identifier, can decode, at the end of the orientation process, the code generated by the magnets of the identifiers. However, one skilled in the art realizes that the configuration and / or access identification unit, on both sides of the wireless transceiver, can be any system for contactless exchange of relatively small amounts of data. In some non-limiting implementations, this may be a bi-directional radio interface capable of transceiving access codes and / or configurations to provide security and / or configuration of a data transceiver channel. The configuration identification and / or access unit can also be implemented as an optical emitter and a photodetector, etc., but not limited to this. It also becomes clear that the configuration and / or access identification unit can operate, for example, with a presence signal together with access signals, etc.

Also, in possible implementations of systems and devices of capacitive communication between two devices, which may have different interfaces of data exchange, the transmitting and / or receiving devices of each of the devices may have a unit for matching and / or interfacing with external systems and / or a unit for matching and / or interfacing with external standard interfaces. Thus, the data streams of a certain interface of the device, including standard, parallel or serial, for example, such as USB, SATA or HDMI, can be converted into a data stream suitable for carrying out capacitive communication between devices, while transmitting and / or receiving devices may include units for serialization and / or deserialization and / or units for aggregation with other devices and / or encoders / decoders, for example, to change the physical coding scheme of the signal that is transmitted, etc.

A possible embodiment of the apparatus 1003, which can be a receiving, or transmitting, or transceiving, which contains a suppression groove (Fig. 15), where the suppression groove 1001, which is made in a conductive material and filled with a non-conductive or dielectric material or air, but but not limited to, surrounds an area of terminals 1002, where that area may contain receiving or transmitting or common terminals of a receiving or transmitting or transceiver apparatus, i. e. contain any terminals. There are no requirements for symmetry, zone 1002 or individual terminals with respect to the suppressor groove, just as the contour of the suppressor groove can be free, for example in the form of a circle, as in this non-limiting example, or, for example, square, rectangular etc.

- 14 035614

When performing wireless transceiving in the System based on any of the options disclosed in this patent, provided that the orientation of the zone with the terminals 1002, which belongs to the apparatus 1003 and which contains the suppression groove, in relation to another corresponding apparatus 1004 with the zone, which contains the corresponding terminals 1005, no requirement is imposed other than that the conductive material is opposite the suppression groove (FIG. 16). No requirements are imposed on the distance between the oriented devices 1003 and 1004, and on the presence of a galvanic connection between them. With this position of the suppression groove, the electromagnetic wave that exists in the space between the devices 1003 and 1004, when passing by the suppressor groove, can cancel out with the wave that, due to the flow of currents, overcomes the path through the suppression groove. Full compensation can take place for waves with frequencies that have a phase incursion at twice the depth of the suppression groove 1001:

(2n-1) -180 °, where n is any integer greater than 0.

With different variations in the width of the suppressor groove, it is possible to achieve full or almost complete compensation of the electromagnetic wave outside (after) the suppressor groove, in the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave. As the frequency deviates from that at which full compensation occurs due to the suppressor groove, the amplitude of the wave that has passed the groove begins to gradually increase. Thus, it becomes clear that despite the dependence of the compensation frequency on the geometric parameters of the suppressing groove and the dependence of the compensation efficiency on the geometry of space and materials between the devices 1003 and 1004, shielding can occur in a certain frequency range, depending on the requirements of the system and the value of the shielding coefficient, including and due to the use of a groove or several with different geometries, and the shielding occurs in the space between the devices 1003 and 1004, which is limited by the region of the suppression groove.

To expand the operating frequency range of shielding, several suppressing grooves can be used, where each can be designed for its own frequency / frequency range. So, the average specialist in this field understands that the number of suppressing grooves, their shape, depth can vary depending on the requirements of the system, for example, in one non-limiting version for shielding in a certain range, several suppressing grooves of the same depth can be used, but filled with different dielectric, in other cases it can be one suppression groove or several different grooves to increase the shielding coefficient at a certain frequency, etc.

While certain embodiments and applications of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it should be borne in mind that the invention is not limited to the precise configurations and components described herein. Terms, descriptions and drawings have been used in this description for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. Various modifications, changes and variations, which will be obvious to qualified specialists, can be made in the layout, scheme of operation and details of the apparatus, methods and systems of the present invention described herein without departing from the spirit and context of the invention.

Claims (15)

CLAIM 1. A system for wireless capacitive transmission of signals with compensation for distortions in a channel, consisting of a transmitting and receiving apparatuses adapted to wirelessly transmit and receive signals, while the transmitting apparatus contains a single-channel differential signal pre-compensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals; a single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals; at least one pair of spatially separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver so as to create electric fields representing one pair of signals — a pre-compensated forward and an inverted signal; the receiving apparatus contains at least one pair of spatially separated receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals, which induce one pair of received signals - direct and inverted signals at the receiving terminals; single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer, configured to correct the received signal and restore data, the inputs of which are connected at least - 15 035614 with one pair of receiving terminals, and having outputs of received data signals, and the transmitting apparatus is oriented relative to the receiving apparatus in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices is ensured and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are divided between at least one non-conductive medium. 2. A system of wireless capacitive transmission of signals with compensation of distortions in the channel, consisting of a transmitting and receiving apparatus, configured respectively with the possibility of wirelessly transmitting and receiving signals, while the transmitting apparatus contains a multi-channel single signal pre-compensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one prepared signal and at least one precompensation signal; a multi-channel single signal driver with an input for one prepared signal and with an input for at least one precompensation signal, configured to generate at the outputs of at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal; at least two spatially separated transmitting terminals that are connected to the outputs of the signal driver so as to create electric fields representing at least one direct signal and one pre-compensation signal; the receiving apparatus contains at least two spatially separated receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals that induce at the receiving terminals at least two received signals - a direct signal and a pre-compensation signal; multichannel single adaptive signal equalizer made with the possibility of correcting the received signals and restoring data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals, and the transmitting apparatus is oriented relative to the receiving apparatus in such a way as to ensure at least , partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium. 3. A system for wireless capacitive transmission of signals with compensation for distortions in a channel, consisting of a transmitting and receiving apparatus, configured respectively with the possibility of wirelessly transmitting and receiving signals, while the transmitting apparatus contains a multi-channel differential signal pre-compensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals; a multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, capable of generating at the outputs of at least two pairs of direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; at least two pairs of spatially separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver so as to create electric fields representing at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; the receiving apparatus contains at least two pairs of spatially separated receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals that induce at least two pairs of received signals on the receiving terminals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; multichannel differential adaptive signal equalizer, made with the possibility of correcting the received signals and recovering data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals, and the transmitting apparatus is oriented relative to the receiving apparatus in such a way as to ensure at least at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices and that the working surfaces of the terminals of both devices are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium. 4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains a latch made with the possibility of fixing the transmitting and receiving devices of the respective sides in an oriented position. 5. A system for wireless capacitive signal transceiver with channel distortion compensation, comprising at least one transceiver device on each side of the wireless transceiver, consisting of - 16 035614 of one transmitting device containing a single-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals, a single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals, and with an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals, and at least one pair of spatially separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver in such a way as to create appropriate electric fields representing one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals; and one receiver compatible with the transmitting apparatus, comprising at least one pair of spatially separated receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals that induce one pair of received signals - direct and inverted signals on the receiving terminals, and a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer , configured to correct the received signal and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals, and having the outputs of the received data signals; made in such a way that the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus is approximately perpendicular to the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving apparatus, and each transmitting apparatus of the transceiving apparatus is oriented relative to the receiving apparatus of the transceiving apparatus of the other side in such a way that at least , partial overlap of the respective working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving and transmitting apparatuses and that the working surfaces of the terminals of these apparatuses are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium. 6. A system for wireless capacitive signal transceiver with channel distortion compensation, containing at least one transceiver on each side of the wireless transceiver, consisting of one transmitting apparatus containing a multi-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs one pair of prepared signals, and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals, multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, made with the possibility of generating on outputs of at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals, and at least two pairs of spaced-separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver la so as to create electric fields representing at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; and one receiving device compatible with the transmitting apparatus, containing at least two pairs of spaced apart receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals that induce at least two pairs of received signals on the receiving terminals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a multi-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; made in such a way that the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus is approximately perpendicular to the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving apparatus, and each transmitting apparatus of the transceiving apparatus is oriented relative to the receiving apparatus of the transceiving apparatus of the other side in such a way that at least , partial overlap of the respective working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving and transmitting apparatuses and that the working surfaces of the terminals of these apparatuses are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium. 7. System for wireless capacitive transceiver of signals with compensation for distortion in the channel, containing at least one transceiver on each side of the wireless transceiver, consisting of one transmitter containing a single-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, made with the possibility of generating at the outputs one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals; one receiving device compatible with the transmitting apparatus containing a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signal and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; common terminals in the number of at least one pair of terminals, or at least two terminals, or at least two pairs of terminals, depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses, and a switch capable of switching common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatuses in a transceiver device, each transceiver apparatus being oriented relative to the transceiver apparatus of the other side in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver apparatus of one side with the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver apparatus of the other side and that the working surfaces of the common terminals of these devices were separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium. 8. System for wireless capacitive signal transceiver with compensation for distortion in the channel, containing at least one transceiver on each side of the wireless transceiver, consisting of one transmitting apparatus containing a multi-channel single signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs one prepared signal and at least one precompensation signal, and a multi-channel single signal driver with an input for one prepared signal and with an input for at least one precompensation signal, configured to generate at the outputs of at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal; one receiving device compatible with the transmitting apparatus containing a multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; common terminals in the number of at least one pair of terminals or at least two terminals or at least two pairs of terminals depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses, and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatuses in the transceiving apparatus , and each transceiver is oriented relative to the transceiver of the other side in such a way that at least partial overlap of the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver of one side with the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver of the other side is ensured and that the working surfaces of the common terminals of these devices are separated from each other at least one non-conductive medium. 9. A system for wireless capacitive signal transceiver with channel distortion compensation, comprising at least one transceiver on each side of the wireless transceiver, consisting of one transmitting apparatus containing a multi-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, capable of generating at the outputs one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, designed to generate on outputs of at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals, one compatible with the transmitting apparatus of the receiving apparatus containing a multichannel differential adaption an explicit signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; common terminals in the number of at least one pair of terminals or at least two terminals or at least two pairs of terminals depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatuses and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatuses in the transceiving apparatus, moreover, each transceiver is oriented relative to the transceiver of the other side in such a way as to provide at least partial overlap - 18 035614 working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver of one side with the working surfaces of the common terminals of the transceiver of the other side and that the working surfaces of the common terminals of these devices are separated from each other by at least one non-conductive medium. 10. The system according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that it contains a latch made with the possibility of fixing the transceiver devices of the respective sides in an oriented position. 11. The transceiver for the system according to claim 5, consisting of one transmitting apparatus containing a single-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals, single-channel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals and at least one pair of spaced-separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver in a manner to create appropriate electric fields representing one pair of pre-compensated forward and inverted signals; and one receiver compatible with the transmitting apparatus, comprising at least one pair of spatially separated receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals that induce one pair of received signals - direct and inverted signals on the receiving terminals, and a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer , configured to correct the received signal and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least one pair of receiving terminals, and having the outputs of the received data signals; made in such a way that the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus is approximately perpendicular to the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving apparatus. 12. The transceiver for the system according to claim 6, consisting of one transmitting device containing a multichannel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair - direct and inverted signals precompensation, multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, designed to generate at least two pairs of signals at the outputs - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals, and at least two pairs of spatially separated transmitting terminals connected to the outputs of the signal driver so as to create electric fields representing at least two pairs of signals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; and one receiving device compatible with the transmitting apparatus, containing at least two pairs of spaced apart receiving terminals capable of detecting electric fields generated by the transmitting terminals that induce at least two pairs of received signals on the receiving terminals - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a multi-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; made in such a way that the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the transmitting apparatus is approximately perpendicular to the straight line connecting the middle of the working surfaces of the terminals of the receiving apparatus. 13. The transceiver for the system according to claim 7, consisting of one transmitting device containing a single-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and one pair of direct and inverted precompensation signals, and a single-channel a differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with an input for direct and inverted precompensation signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of precompensated direct and inverted signals; and one receiving device compatible with the transmitting apparatus, containing a single-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signal and restore data, the inputs of which are connected at least - 19 035614 with one pair of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; and common terminals in the number of at least one pair of terminals, or at least two terminals, or at least two pairs of terminals, depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatus, and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatus in the transceiver apparatus. 14. The transceiver for the system according to claim 8, consisting of one transmitting device containing a multichannel single precompensator of a signal with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one prepared signal and at least one precompensation signal, and a multichannel single driver a signal with an input for one prepared signal and with an input for at least one precompensation signal, configured to generate at the outputs of at least one direct signal and one precompensation signal; and one receiver compatible with the transmitting apparatus containing a multi-channel single adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and recover data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; and common terminals in the number of at least one pair of terminals, or at least two terminals, or at least two pairs of terminals, depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatus, and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatus in the transceiver apparatus. 15. The transceiver for the system according to claim 9, consisting of one transmitting device containing a multi-channel differential signal precompensator with an input for transmitted data signals, configured to generate at the outputs of one pair of prepared signals and at least one pair of direct and inverted signals precompensation, and a multichannel differential signal driver with an input for one pair of prepared signals and with inputs for at least one pair of precompensation signals - direct and inverted, designed to generate at least two pairs of signals at the outputs - direct and inverted signals and direct and inverted precompensation signals; and one receiving device compatible with the transmitting apparatus, containing a multi-channel differential adaptive signal equalizer configured to correct the received signals and restore data, the inputs of which are connected to at least two pairs of receiving terminals, and having outputs of the received data signals; and common terminals in the number of at least one pair of terminals, or at least two terminals, or at least two pairs of terminals, depending on the selected configuration of the transmitting and receiving apparatus, and a switch configured to switch common terminals between the receiving and transmitting apparatus in the transceiver apparatus.