EA032278B1 - Irrigation, draining and heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an irrigation, draining and heating system of a surface, comprising a tank (215) defined by a water-proofing sheath (214) housed in an excavation in the ground; a water grid (201) located inside the tank (215), comprising at least one inlet module (202) and at least one outlet module (203); an outer water reservoir; one or more inlet (260) and outlet (261) connections, connecting the water grid (201) to the outer water reservoir; a draining soil to fill the tank; wherein each of said at least two modules comprises an impermeable main pipe (204) from which a series of permeable conduits (205) emerges, where said conduits lie on the same horizontal plane of the main pipe.

Description

The present invention relates to an irrigation, drainage and heating system for a surface containing a container (215) limited by a waterproof shell (214) placed in a recess in the ground, a water supply network (201) located inside a container (215) containing at least one inlet module (202) and at least one outlet module (203), an external water tank, one or more inlet (260) and outlet (261) connections connecting the water supply network (201) to an external water tank, drainage soil to fill capacities, featuring ysya in that each of at least two of said modules comprises an impermeable main pipe (204) with a permeable water conduits (205) extending from it, said conduits lie in the same horizontal plane as the main pipe.

The present invention relates to an irrigation, drainage and surface heating system comprising a container (215) limited by a waterproof shell (214) placed in a recess in the ground;

a water supply network (201) located inside the container (215), comprising at least one inlet module (202) and at least one outlet module (203);

external water tank;

one or more inlet (260) and outlet (261) connections connecting the water supply network (201) to an external water tank;

drainage soil to fill the tank, characterized in that each of at least two of these modules contains an impermeable main pipe (204) with permeable water conduits (205) extending from it, said water conduits lying in the same horizontal plane as the main pipe.

Prior art

There is an urgent need to develop systems designed for efficient soil heating for both sports and agricultural and industrial purposes.

For example, for sports applications, such as a football field, by heating a sports field with grass cover, effective melting of snow and ice is ensured, which makes it possible to use the fields even in the winter season. In addition, heating in the winter season prevents damage to often freezing turf.

There are heated football fields where the heating is mainly based on the use of buried electric cables. Other buried heating plants contain pipe systems with hot water circulating through them. In addition, solutions for heating with hot water or steam are offered.

Buried electrical cable systems have the disadvantage of having to consume large amounts of electricity. Therefore, this solution is not very efficient in terms of energy consumption and is very expensive.

The use of heating by means of water undoubtedly provides greater flexibility in choosing an energy source. However, compared with the use of electric cables, this method has a major drawback associated with the risk of leakage from pipes and the need for complex maintenance.

Significant energy consumption is also due to the fact that thermal energy is unnecessarily lost in the deep layers of the soil, mainly due to the effect of gravimetric rainwater runoff.

In addition, systems of the prior art, based on the use of electric cables or pipes with hot water flowing through them, cause uneven heating of the soil, which is reflected in the uneven growth of turf, while the grass in the place where the cables or pipes run through is denser, and on others areas less dense, with characteristic undulating growth.

In addition to the problem associated with uniform heating of the soil, solved with the help of an energy-efficient system, another pressing problem that arises when using sports fields is related to drainage.

US Pat. No. 3,908,385 discloses a system of pipes buried beneath a sports field that is partially permeable to provide drainage to a sports field with natural grass cover. The system contains a waterproof membrane, laid on compacted subsoil, covered with a layer of sand aggregate with a drainage network buried in it, and a layer of turf at the top. Some pipes of the drainage network are made permeable to liquid and allow drainage due to gravity. For example, during periods of heavy rains, pores can be used in the network to drain, usually due to gravity.

Patent \ UO 96/25035 discloses a network of pipes buried beneath the surface, characterized in that a number of pipes are connected in parallel to a number of conduits running perpendicular to the pipes and located above the pipes, while the conduits are water-permeable. Water from pipelines passes through pipes, while drainage is performed by gravity or, when necessary, by vacuum. In one embodiment, some pipes have a dual function, i.e. they can be disconnected from the drainage system and connected to the boiler in a closed circuit so that the same hot water is supplied, then discharged by the drainage system, this water will partially be returned to the boiler, and these pipes are also used to ensure the throughput of the water pipes.

In addition, there is an urgent need for irrigation without loss of water.

In addition, there is a need for floor heating systems that are efficient in terms of energy consumption and allow maximum use for industrial purposes of the energy generated by renewable sources.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a system that allows floor

- 1,032278 to read a uniformly heated surface and, in the preferred embodiment, with proper drainage, characterized by resistance to external conditions both in terms of energy efficiency and in terms of reducing water consumption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The subject of the present invention is an irrigation, drainage and (or) soil heating system, characterized in that it comprises a container limited by a waterproof shell placed in a recess in the ground;

a water supply network located inside the tank, comprising at least one inlet module and at least one outlet module;

external water tank;

one or more inlet and outlet connections connecting the water supply network to an external water tank;

drainage soil to fill the tank, characterized in that each of at least two of these modules (intersecting combs) contains an impermeable main pipe with a number of permeable water pipes connected to the pipe by means of joints, the water pipes passing almost perpendicular to the pipe and are located in the same horizontal planes, forming a comb, and these two modules, assembled in such a way as to form a water supply network, are parallel and opposite, i.e. the main pipes are parallel, and the inlet module conduits are placed in the space formed between the outlet module conduits. Therefore, in the system in accordance with the present invention, each module can be a comb, while the water conduits are branches from it, and the main pipe is the base. At least two modules forming the water supply network in the present invention, namely the comb intake module and the comb exhaust module, are positioned so that the branches of the comb intake module can be inserted adjacent to the branches of the comb exhaust module. In two modules, the water conduits reach the main pipe of the opposite module.

Additional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the description and the following drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section of a water supply network.

In FIG. 2 shows a vertical section of the soil where the water supply network in accordance with the present invention is located.

In FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an external water tank.

In FIG. 4 shows a top view of an external water tank.

In FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of one embodiment of an irrigation, drainage and heating system in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The irrigation, drainage and (or) heating system in accordance with the present invention comprises a container limited by a waterproof shell placed in a recess in the ground;

a water supply network located inside the tank, comprising at least one inlet module and at least one outlet module;

external water tank;

one or more inlet and outlet connections connecting the water supply network to an external water tank;

drainage soil to fill the tank and is characterized in that each of these modules (intersecting combs) of at least two contains an impermeable main pipe with a number of permeable water pipes connected to the pipe by means of joints, the water pipes passing almost perpendicular to the pipe and located in that the same horizontal plane, forming a comb, and these two modules, assembled in such a way as to form a water supply network, are parallel and opposite, i.e. the main pipes are parallel, and the inlet module conduits are placed in the space formed between the outlet module conduits. In FIG. 1 schematically shows a horizontal section of a water supply network 1, consisting of two modules, namely, an inlet module 2 and an exhaust module 3. Each of these modules 2 and 3 contains a main pipe 4 with a number of water conduits 5 connected via connections 6, and the water conduits 5 are located almost perpendicular to the main pipe 4 and lie in the same horizontal plane. Water conduits 5 alternate along the length of the main pipe 4. The main pipe 4 is made waterproof. Water conduits 5 are made permeable. These modules, assembled in such a way as to form a water supply network, lie in the same horizontal plane and are parallel and mutually opposite. Those. the modules are arranged so that the main pipes 4 run in parallel, and the conduits 5 of the inlet module 2 are placed in the space between the conduits 5 of the exhaust module 3. That is, the inlet module 2 and the exhaust module 3 are positioned so that the branches of one comb

- 2 032278 ki (where the comb is a module) alternated with branches of another comb adjacent to them. The main pipes 4 have one open end 7, and the opposite end 8 of the pipes is closed. After completing the installation of the water supply network, the open end 7 of the main pipe 4 of the intake module 2 is in a position diametrically opposite to the open end 7 of the main pipe 4 of the exhaust module 3.

In the water supply network 1, 201 in accordance with the present invention, one conduit 5, 205 does not cross other conduits 5, 205, departing from the same main pipe 4, 204, as well as conduits 5, 205, departing from the main pipes 4, 204 related to another module. The water conduit 5 is connected to the main pipe 4 by means of a connection 6, and it does not intersect at other points with the same or with other main pipes 4.

These main pipes 4, it is advisable to make PVC or similar material with a diameter corresponding to the expansion of the heated soil, and a length preferably equal to the full length or full width of the land selected for installation of this system.

Water conduits 5 are expediently made of PVC or a similar material with a diameter and permeability corresponding to the expansion of the soil exposed.

For example, if the soil selected for installation of the system has the dimensions of a football field, the main pipes 4 are so long as to cover a piece of land along its entire length, approximately 100 m, and the diameter is from 150 to 250 mm, preferably about 200 mm. Water conduits 5 have a length of about 60 m, and their diameter is from 60 to 100 mm, preferably about 80 mm. In cases where the covered area is a football field, it is advisable that the water supply network consist of one inlet module and one outlet module, as described above. In this embodiment, each of the main pipes 4 has conduits 5, preferably extending at a distance of about 10 meters from one another so that in the comb of both modules, namely the inlet module and the outlet module, belonging to mutually opposite sections, the conduit of the inlet module 2 was located at a distance of about 5 meters from the outlet duct 3.

In FIG. 2 is a vertical section through the soil where an object of the present invention is installed. A container 215 comprising a water supply network 201 including at least one inlet module 202 and at least one outlet module 203 is placed in a recess in the ground and is limited to a waterproof sheath 214 covering the bottom and side walls of the recess. The recess, and therefore the tank 215, are sized to obtain the required thermal and irrigation regimes. In particular, this container 215 has surface dimensions corresponding to the surface area selected for implementing the subject of the present invention, wherein the depth of 211 containers is from 30 to 150 cm, and preferably from 50 to 80 cm. It is advisable to make the waterproof shell 214 made of PVC, polyethylene or similar material.

It is preferable to use drainage soil containing gravel. Under standard operating conditions, the following distribution of soil layers is used in tank 215: a gravel layer 218 flooded with water and a dry gravel layer 219, the dry gravel layer 219 being placed on top of the gravel layer 218 above the water level filling the tank 215 to an overflow level 213, while an overflow level 213 separates the gravel layer 218 from the dry gravel layer 219, while maintaining the water level in the container at the overflow level, the dry gravel layer 219 remains dry. The water supply network 201 is located inside the gravel layer 218.

In a suitable embodiment, a sand layer 216 extends at the bottom of the container 215 under the gravel layer 218, and a water supply network 201 is laid over said sand layer 216. If necessary, a fabric 217, preferably non-woven, is provided between the sand layer 216 and the water supply network 201. In the case of using sand 216 and (or) the blade 217, they perform the function of preventing possible damage to the shell 214 at the bottom of the tank 215 by the faces of sharp stones present in the gravel layer 218.

Even more preferably, the clods of clay and (or) clay soil are in direct contact with the shell 214 at the bottom of the tank 215. In the case of using clods of clay and (or) clay soil, they serve as natural waterproofing materials at the bottom of the tank 215, providing optimal waterproofing of the tank 215.

The water supply network 201 in the container 215 is buried in the gravel layer 218, where the gravel occupies the remaining free space between the modules forming the water supply network 201. It is advisable that the gravel has a size of 10 to 50 mm. Under standard operating conditions, the gravel layer 218, and therefore the water supply network 201, as well as the sand layer 216, if present, are completely flooded with water.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, on top of the dry gravel layer 219, the treated soil layer 220 is located. It is advisable that the dry gravel layer 219 and the treated soil layer 220 are separated from one another by a blade 221. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, grass 273 is located in the upper part of the treated soil layer 220. If there is a blade 221 located between the dry gravel layer 218 and the treated soil layer 220, it performs the function of preventing the penetration of roots from the treated soil into the underlying gravel

- 3 032278 layer to prevent elongation of the roots to an overflow level of 213, and therefore their immersion in water.

At least one outlet 221 of at least one bypass conduit 222 is located on the side walls of the container 215 at a level called the overflow level 213 of the container 215.

In addition, on the same side walls there is an outlet 259 of at least one inlet conduit 260 and an outlet 262 of at least one outlet conduit 261, wherein the inlet conduit 260 consists of at least one pipe inserted into the opening 207 of the main pipe 204 of the inlet module 202, and the outlet conduit 261 consists of at least one pipe inserted into the hole 207 of the main pipe 204 of the outlet module 203. The inlet and outlet conduits connect the water supply network to an external water tank d. Said outlet openings 221, 259 and 262 on the side walls do not affect the impermeability of the container; they are properly sealed in order to exclusively allow passage of water conduits.

In the presence of a sand layer 216, it has a thickness of about 20 cm, and preferably about 10 or 5 cm. The gravel layer 218 has a thickness of 270 from 10 to 50 cm, and preferably about 30 cm. The dry gravel layer 219 has a thickness of 271, from 1 to 20 cm, preferably from 5 to 15 cm, and even more preferably about 10 cm. With a treated layer 220 of soil, it has a variable thickness of up to 30 cm, and preferably about 20 cm. Overflow level 213 is located on top of gravel layer 218 in thickness limits 271 of the dry gravel layer 218.

In the system of the present invention, the water supply network communicates with an external water tank. An external water tank, which together with a water supply network and drainage soil forms an almost closed loop for irrigation water, as is readily described below, is a tank suitable for heating irrigation water. It is advisable that the external water tank provides heating of irrigation water through heat exchangers going through it, and technical hot water coming from the heat station circulates in these heat exchangers. An external water tank 380 and 480, in a suitable embodiment, is shown in FIG. 3 and 4 in a front view and a top view, respectively. The external water tank 380 and 480 is a tank, preferably in the form of a parallelepiped. The external water tank has an outer casing 385, 485, containing inside the structure 386, 486, running along its side profile, thereby forming an empty space 381, 481 between the side walls of the outer casing 385, 485 and the walls of the structure 386, 486. The structure 386 is open below, therefore, the empty space 381, 481 is directly connected with the internal volume of the housing. Heat exchangers 382, 482 are placed inside the empty space 381, 481. Hot water, called technical water and supplied from the heat station, is circulated in heat exchangers 382, 482 with inlet pipes 390 leading to the heat exchanger and exhaust pipes 391 used to return the process water to the installation . At least one outlet conduit 361, 461, extending from at least one outlet module 205 of the water supply network 201, reaches an empty space 381, 481. At least one outlet conduit 361, 461 ends in an empty space 381, 481 and has an open end, if necessary equipped with a valve. This allows water, called irrigation water, to drain from the water supply network located in the tank into the empty space 381, 481. At the bottom of the outer casing 385, a pump 383, 483 is installed connected to at least one inlet conduit 360, 460 exiting from the external water tank and then connected to the open end 7, 207 of at least one inlet module 2, 202 in the water supply network 1, 201. Irrigation water in contact with heat exchangers 382, 482 is heated, and heated pump irrigation water 383, 483 under etsya through inlet conduits 360, 460 to the intake unit water supply network. The external water tank is in close proximity to the soil selected for laying the system proposed in the present invention, at a deeper depth than the bottom of the tank in the present invention, so that the irrigation water collected by the outlet conduits flows into the external water tank behind account of the natural difference. It is advisable that the thermal station operate through the use of renewable energy sources. In one of the alternative and (or) additional versions, the technical hot water comes from the boiler.

It is advisable that the heat exchangers receive industrial water from a station with a temperature of from 20 to 50 ° C, preferably from 30 to 45 ° C, and even more preferably about 35 ° C.

Irrigation water leaves the external water tank and enters the water supply network at a temperature of from 5 to 40 ° C, preferably from 10 to 25 ° C, and even more preferably about 15 ° C.

An external water tank receives and returns to the water supply network irrigation water, in one embodiment also used to irrigate the cultivated soil located in the upper part of the tank. For this purpose, in order to ensure precise control of the processing conditions, appropriate probes will be provided in the external water tank to monitor the pH level and concentration of the elements of interest. If necessary, compost and (or) fertilizers in the required quantity can be added to the external water tank, which

- 4 032278 would then introduce them into the soil.

Scheme of work.

Irrigation water in accordance with the present invention circulates in a closed loop. The circulation circuit of irrigation water in the system in accordance with the present invention is shown schematically in FIG. five.

An external reservoir 501 with irrigation water supplies water to the water supply network via a water conduit inserted into the open end of the main pipe forming one or more inlet modules 502 available in the water supply network. From one or more inlet modules 502, water enters the surrounding soil 504, while the water is passed through permeable conduits available in the inlet module. We can assume that in the system proposed in the present invention, all the water in the soil 504 again enters the circulation circuit through the permeable conduits of one or more outlet modules 503 included in the water supply network. As a rule, as a result of evaporation of irrigation water from the surface of the tank into the atmosphere 505, only a small part of it is lost. Outlet modules 503 return water back to the external water tank 501 so that the same water is again supplied to the inlet modules 502 from the external tank after preheating.

Soil 504 not only delivers water to the atmosphere 505, but also receives water from the atmosphere 505, for example during rains. In cases where the return of groundwater 504 to the atmosphere 505 is not balanced and there is an excess of water in the soil 504, the excess water flows through the bypass ducts to the collector 506. The water contained in the collector 506 is stored and remains available for subsequent consumption, for example, restore the level of irrigation water in the external tank 501 with water, where the opposite imbalance may occur. In cases where this solution is applied to the soil of a sports field or for agricultural soil requiring irrigation, water for irrigation is taken from the same external tank with irrigation water, while the water will again enter the system after it enters the soil 504 and then to the exhaust modules 503.

As shown in the circuit of FIG. 5 and in the description of the preceding paragraph, the irrigation water in the solution proposed in the present invention is characterized in that it is in a closed circuit, where water flows from an external water tank to a tank and back to an external water tank for recirculation. External openness of the system is provided by the surface of the tank and bypass holes provided in the tank to control the possible excess amount of water in the system.

As shown in FIG. 2 and 4, irrigation water coming from the permeable conduits of at least one inlet module 202 to the gravel bed 218 fills the container up to the level of the bypass holes 213, thereby covering the gravel layer 218. The only and preferred way to drain the irrigation water available in capacity and continuously fed into it by at least one inlet module 202, is the path through the permeable conduits of the outlet module 203, through which water enters the conduits 261 and then enters the space 481 of the external reserve Varus 480 for subsequent heating. Pump 483 pumps water from an external water tank back to the tank through a water conduit 460, 260. The external water tank 380, 480 is located at a deeper depth than the bottom of the tank 215 so that water returning to the external tank through the water conduit 261 flows due to the principle of communicating vessels. The solution proposed in the present invention, involving the installation of at least two modules, namely one inlet and one outlet, to create a water supply network of at least two intersecting combs, these modules being immersed in drainage soil, allows water entering through the inlet module , accumulate in the exhaust module, while the tank remains filled with water up to the level of the bypass holes. This became possible due to the specific design and layout of the modules, as well as the distribution of soil layers in the tanks, proposed in the present invention. Based on the lowest energy costs, the path of the water through the system having the above characteristics, after the water has been consumed in the tank and seeped into the gravel layer, passes through the permeable conduits of the exhaust module. This is due to the fact that the described characteristics make this path more preferable from an energetic point of view as compared to going up into a dry gravel layer. It is due to the optimization of the water supply network and the accepted distribution of soil layers that irrigation water passes along a predetermined path that allows water to be evenly distributed in the tank, leaving the inlet module water ducts and heading to the outlet module water ducts. Therefore, the solution proposed in the present invention allows to obtain a tank with a uniform temperature distribution at each point. This uniformity is advantageously achieved when the water supply network consists solely of one inlet module and one outlet module having appropriate dimensions covering the total area to be treated. A vessel with a uniform temperature distribution transfers heat to a dry gravel layer located on top of the gravel layer flooded with water. Heat is transferred through a dry gravel layer due to thermal conductivity, as well as

- 5 032278 due to exposure to water vapor generated from water present in the tank.

The system in accordance with the present invention makes it possible to provide waterproofing of the treated soil in the tank from the surrounding compacted subsoil soil, while the tank is filled with drainage material flooded with water at a controlled and uniform temperature distribution up to a level called the overflow level.

The water level with a uniform temperature distribution under the treated soil provides an even distribution of heat in this soil. In addition, the treated soil will have excellent drainage properties as a result of the fact that the water level is constantly monitored using bypass holes, which do not allow water to reach excessive and undesirable levels under the treated soil layer. The solution proposed in the present invention allows for complete and accurate control of the levels of irrigation water in the tank. In a suitable embodiment, the bypass system, usually operating on the principle of communicating vessels without any energy consumption, can be connected to the pump system to ensure that the required water level in the tank is maintained also, for example, during intense and continuous rain. In addition, the presence of a container that holds water under the treated soil provides constant and optimal soil moisture.

The system in the present invention allows, through a single water supply network, simultaneous control of drainage and soil heating, without the need to allocate separate pipes for a particular function or to install valves that separate the water supply network, where applicable, in order to use them alternately for drainage or heating functions. Since the water supply network and the external water tank form a closed loop, the system proposed in the present invention limits the consumption of water.

In addition, the irrigation, drainage and heating system of the present invention makes it possible to optimally use renewable energy sources. Indeed, the temperature of the soil is not just maintained by water, namely, not very hot water. In fact, the solution disclosed in this patent application, compared with the solutions of the prior art, where hot water circulates in heat exchangers installed underground, allows you to use water at a lower temperature than that required in heat exchangers, and at the same time maintain the required surface temperature is constant. The distribution of water at a uniform temperature and the accepted distribution of the layers of soil located in the tank, in accordance with the present invention allows to obtain surface heating with water even at a lower temperature than the temperatures used in the prior art.

This feature of the invention provides maximum ease of use of renewable energy sources in case of their application in the installation, in particular solar energy sources.

In a suitable embodiment, the process water used in heat exchangers passing inside the space provided in the external water tank is supplied at an appropriate temperature by a heat pump. Such a heat pump will maximize the use of hot water obtained, for example, using solar panels or thermal insulation coatings, as will be described later. In a further embodiment, hot water produced by renewable sources can be stored during periods of maximum productivity inside the heat well disclosed below, and then transferred to a heat pump, for example at night.

The heat-insulating coating involves the installation on the external walls of the building of one or more layers of a convex shell of appropriate thickness, where at least the first layer has a bulge covering the protected wall. Install ventilation grilles that create an air gap between the wall and the shell, communicating with the outside air and performing the function of maintaining internal pressure at atmospheric level. Thus, using the required number of compounds, they are sheathed with sheet material with a zigzag profile, for example a corrugated aluminum sheet, with the back side in the form of a Greek rectangular ornament covering the shell, while the Greek rectangular ornament is placed in the horizontal direction to form horizontal channels that prevent vertical the movement of ascending streams of air contained in them. A pipe with a liquid coolant is laid inside a Greek rectangular ornament, it is best to have a heat exchanger that passes partially or through the entire wall with a heat-insulating coating. Then, a heat-sealing grid is installed, having a shape corresponding to the required thickness, with the required number of connection points, designed for adhesion with inert plaster materials (mainly based on sand and concrete with high thermal conductivity) to form a layer of several centimeters, if necessary applied in several stages . Then proceed with the necessary finishing work, painting and applying coatings with suitable thermal properties. The use of cellular translucent substrates can increase the absorption efficiency at appropriate levels of surfaces serving to meet the needs. Choosing the right sizes and finishing the outer layer will help improve sound insulation.

- 6 032278

A detailed description of the thermal coating is given in patent document \ νϋ 2010/143161.

Due to the use of the heat-insulating coating in the system of the present invention, the heat transfer fluid circulating in the heat-coating completely or partially contains process water circulating in heat exchangers installed in the irrigation water tank. In one embodiment, the pipe of the heat-insulating coating with a liquid heat carrier heated by the sun's rays falling on the surface of the heat-insulating coating is in communication with the hot heat well, which is further disclosed, for example, by direct passage of liquid into the heat well. Alternatively, the coolant is directly introduced into heat exchangers that heat the water in the irrigation water tank.

A heat well is a reservoir for inert materials, crushed to a suitable size, different volume and geometric shape, capable of performing the functions of energy storage and / or exchange due to a given ratio of surface areas and / or volumes. As such inert materials can be used, for example, gravel immersed in water or stones, usually local cheap materials, due to their physical and chemical properties, giving the heat capacity of the structure equivalent to the heat capacity of water and having, compared with water, about half the specific heat capacity, but about twice the density. Another important characteristic of these materials is that they have a higher thermal conductivity, approximately twice as large or even higher compared to the thermal conductivity of water.

For example, a heat well may be a concrete casing, consisting of a set of rings of vibrated concrete, made impermeable and tight, with the bottom and cover tightly closed. The housing contains a mass of inert material of various fractions (for example, 20-30 mm) with high heat capacity, which makes the use of this material more preferable compared to water due to its advantages associated with high static properties, thermal range and high thermal conductivity in order to ensure maximum heat transfer through thermal bridges formed from concrete of the body itself and the inert materials contained in it, which extend the thermal properties to the surrounding mass.

Heat transfer occurs due to seepage of water through a mass of inert material, while it is advisable to discharge and discharge the heat-transfer fluid at diametrically opposite points, creating a winding path for the heat-transfer fluid through the mass of inert material and preferably install compartments to ensure uniformity by laying in the lower or upper part a well of inert material having a larger size, or the use of separation elements, such as formwork for ventilated olostey disposed under the floor.

It is important that both the immersion pipes and the drain pipes are lowered below the water level in the heat well in order to keep the circuit closed and thereby reduce or even eliminate the power consumption of the recirculation pump. In this way, a diagram of communicating vessels without wide distribution is obtained using conventional hydraulic methods for filling recirculation pumps.

Due to the properties of the inert materials contained in it and the concrete enclosing them, the industrial product provides a wide thermal range that allows working without problems at temperatures from -50 to 250 ° C, while extreme temperature values are mainly limited by the possibility of lowering the freezing point or increasing the boiling point of the liquid coolant by using suitable diathermal substances.

The industrial product has a heat capacity of approximately 1.14 kW "h / (m ³ " K). Therefore, if we consider a temperature change of 5 ° C, the system in accordance with the invention provides an estimated output of about 5.7 kW / m ³ .

A detailed description of the heat well is given in patent document νθ 2011/143161.

One or more renewable heat sources are connected to a heat well.

In one embodiment of the system of the present invention, one or more heat-insulating coatings and (or) one or more solar panels and, if necessary, a heat well are connected to the system. A liquid heat carrier, heated by renewable energy sources, also called process water, is sent to a heat well, if necessary, to maintain the water temperature at the highest level. The heat pump provides the necessary temperature of process water for supplying it to heat exchangers located in the tanks for irrigation water.

Another feature of the present invention is a method of heating the surface of an agricultural, industrial or sports field, comprising the following steps:

dig a hole in the ground;

cover the pit with a waterproof shell to create a tank by making bypass holes in the side walls of the tank;

a water supply network containing at least two modules, namely, an inlet module and an outlet module, is placed inside the tank at a level below the bypass openings

- 7 032278 and each module contains an impermeable main pipe with permeable water conduits extending from it, lying in the same plane with the main pipe;

fill the tank with draining soil;

if necessary, put concrete on top of the drainage soil.

The system proposed in the present invention is an economic and environmental solution that is simple to implement and does not require laborious maintenance, which can effectively satisfy three basic needs: irrigation, drainage and heating of the treated soil with a single impact and a single water supply network.

Installation of the system proposed in the present invention is quick and does not require large financial outlays; you just need to dig a hole of small depth. The use of evenly distributed water in the tank provides uniform soil heating, preventing the wave-like growth of grass cover, observed when using conventional heating systems with electric cables or pipes. In addition, having a properly insulated container prevents heat from leaking out from a well-defined area.

In addition, laying the gravel at a higher level relative to the level of the bypass holes ensures that the gravel remains dry for the most part. This dry gravel as a result of heating with hot water, located below, will serve as a radiator, further optimizing the heating efficiency of the proposed system.

Also, since the modules contain water-permeable sections, they are easy to manage and do not require laborious maintenance, and any leaks where they can occur do not actually lead to any problems in the system as a whole.

The layout of the modules containing the main pipe and conduits located in the form of a comb, compared with solutions using permeable conduits and described in the prior art, provides the following advantages in addition to those disclosed in the previous paragraphs of the present description:

the location of the main pipes and conduits in one plane facilitates installation;

at the leveling stage, there are no problems associated with soil subsidence, since the bottom of the tank is well aligned after the modules have been installed and the drainage layers of soil have been laid, you can level the surface using rollers or similar devices, taking into account the strength of the materials used, and over time no new alignment problems arise;

installation of stiffening plates at the level of joints is not required, since the joints located between sand and gravel use the damping effect of the material surrounding them, which allows them to withstand loads;

water in a tank filled with drainage material, together with a water level control system obtained by using bypass holes, also provides high drainage properties of the soil in addition to maintaining a constant soil moisture. In special climatic conditions, where the water levels in the tank are significantly reduced, in any case, it is possible to restore them by connecting to a water tank located near the unit.

In one embodiment, rainwater collected from the gutters of nearby buildings can also be drained into this tank.

The system proposed in the present invention, in fact, is a closed system, where the transition of water into the atmosphere occurs only due to evaporation. A closed system prevents the spread of such products into the environment as compost or fertilizers used for the soil and otherwise lead to pollution of groundwater, for example in the event of leakage.

The system of the present invention has several applications. In particular, the first area of application is sports fields. In the case of such an application, for example for football fields or tennis courts, on top of the gravel layer and cultivated soil suitable for subsequent sowing of sod, sod is sown or, alternatively, natural or artificial grass cover is placed.

In the case of such an application of the invention, adjacent structures, such as locker rooms or gyms, can be suitably fitted with a thermal insulation coating and / or solar panels to ensure maximum energy efficiency of the installation.

Another area of application is agricultural soils. The present invention allows precise control of water consumption of specific crops, and due to the possibility of heating the soil also provides the possibility of growing them in season or in climatic zones that are not favorable for some crops in the absence of the solution proposed in the present invention.

The solution proposed in the present invention, which is a practically closed system from the point of view of hydraulics, allows you to control and constantly adjust the amount of nutrient fertilizers needed for a particular crop.

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On the surface drained, irrigated and heated by the system proposed in the present invention, it is easy to install a coating, such as football for sports fields or a greenhouse, to maintain a certain degree of heating, and if necessary, as will be shown below, the conditions in the environment itself .

In addition, the present invention is suitable for industrial applications. In this embodiment, the dry gravel layer is the last, surface layer. On such soil, for example, a greenhouse can be built. The surface of the dry gravel layer will be a pedestrian surface suitable for stacking racks used to place pots with plants at an appropriate distance. During the cold season, due to the heat generated from the subsoil soil and the coating, this embodiment makes it possible to obtain an environment with a very low energy consumption with a temperature above the temperature of the outside air. In addition, the evaporation of water through a dry gravel layer will also provide a certain degree of humidity inside the greenhouse.

In addition, given the very high bearing capacity of a square meter of the surface located above the system proposed in the present invention, another embodiment involves the use of a dry gravel layer with a thickness of less than 10 cm, for example 2-4 cm, followed by laying reinforced concrete on it. This surface will be the floor of an industrial warehouse with very low energy consumption for heating, which also depends exclusively on renewable energy sources. In fact, conventional radiator floors operate at temperatures typically ranging from 28 to 32 ° C, while using the solution of the present invention, the same results can be achieved at temperatures from 22 to 26 ° C. The presence of a reinforced concrete coating prevents the evaporation of water, which avoids the formation of humidity in the environment, which in this particular case is undesirable.

Claims (13)

CLAIM 1. An irrigation, drainage and / or surface heating system containing a container (215) limited by a waterproof shell (214) placed in a recess in the ground, a water supply network (1, 201) located inside the container (215), containing at least one inlet module (2, 202, 502) and at least one outlet module (3, 203, 503), an external tank (380, 480, 501) with water, one or more inlet (260) and outlet (261) connections connecting the water supply network (1, 201) with an external tank (380, 480, 501) with water, draining soil to fill the specified capacity characterized in that each of at least two of these modules contains a waterproof main pipe (4, 204) with water-permeable water conduits extending from it (5, 205), and these water conduits lie in the same horizontal plane as the main pipe. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two of these modules (2, 202, 3, 203), assembled to form a water supply network (1, 201), are parallel and mutually opposite to each other, while the main pipes (4, 204) have one open end (7) and an opposite closed end (8) and are installed in parallel in the water supply network (1, 201), while the open ends (7) are in diametrically opposite positions, and the water conduits (5, 205 ), departing from the inlet module (2, 202), are located in the space between water conduits (5, 205), departing from the outlet Foot module (3, 203). 3. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said modules (202, 203), assembled to form a water supply network (201), lie in one horizontal plane, and water conduits (205) are mutually parallel and perpendicular to the main pipes (204). 4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one outlet (221) of at least one overflow conduit (222) is provided on the side walls of the tank (215) at the overflow level (213). 5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that gravel is preferably used as a drainage soil, and the following distribution of soil layers is provided: a gravel layer (218) flooded with irrigation water and a dry gravel layer (219) located on top of the gravel layer (218), with the water supply network (201) being placed in the gravel layer (218) flooded with irrigation water, and an overflow level (213) separates the gravel layer (218) from the dry gravel layer (219). 6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drainage soil has the following distribution of the layers from bottom to top: at the bottom of said container (215), clods of clay and / or clay soil in direct contact with a waterproof shell (214); sand layer (216); - 9 032278 canvas (217); gravel layer (218); dry gravel layer (219); canvas (221); cultivated soil (220). 7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inlet (2, 202) and outlet (3, 203) modules are made of PVC, and the main pipes (4, 204) have a diameter of 150 to 250 mm, and water conduits (5, 205) have a diameter of 60 to 100 mm. 8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the external water tank (380, 480) is a tank having an external housing (385), containing inside the structure (386), running along its side profile, forming an empty space (381 , 481) between the side walls of the housing (385) and the walls of the structure (386), moreover, heat exchangers (382, 482) are located in this empty space (381, 481), and technical hot water circulating in the heat exchangers (382, 482) is supplied station, and at least one outlet conduit (361, 461), leaving at least from at least one outlet module (205) of the water supply network (201), it reaches an empty space (381, 481), the specified water conduit having an open end, a pump (383, 483) connected to the bottom of the external casing (385, 485) is connected at least one inlet conduit (360, 460) exiting from the external water tank and then connected to the open end (7, 207) of at least one inlet module (2, 202) in the water supply network (1, 201). 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the thermal station is configured to heat process water using renewable energy sources, preferably one or more heat-insulating coatings and / or one or more solar panels, preferably connected to at least one heat well . 10. The system according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it is configured to supply irrigation water to the water supply network at a temperature of about 35 ° C. 11. A sports ground heated by the system according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 12. Industrial warehouse, characterized in that it contains a system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, installed under the floor of the warehouse, with reinforced concrete mortar forming the floor of the warehouse laid over the drainage soil. 13. A method of creating a surface heating system for an agricultural, industrial or sports field according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps: dig a hole in the ground; cover the pit with a waterproof shell to create a container, bypass holes are made in the side walls of the container; a water supply network containing at least two modules, namely, an inlet module and an outlet module, is placed inside the tank at a level below the bypass openings, each module containing an impermeable main pipe with permeable water conduits extending from it lying in the same plane with the main pipe ; fill the tank with draining soil; lay concrete on top of drainage soil.