EA030303B1 - Gas mixture separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to gas mixture separating devices and can be used for separating gas mixture components in chemical, biological, gas-production and other industries. The essence of the invention consists in provision of a gas mixture separation device comprising feed and discharge lines, tanks for gas mixture and for process gas, and a diffusion channel of a characteristic size exceeding the critical value for stability of the diffusion process between the gas mixture and the process gas, wherein the gas mixture separation device is provided with a diffusion channel having a cross-section that widens toward gas mixture and process gas tanks. The device may be provided with several additional diffusion channels.

Description

The invention relates to devices for the separation of gas mixtures and can be used to separate the components of the gas mixture in the chemical, biological, gas and other industries. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the device for the separation of the gas mixture, consisting of supply and discharge lines, tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas and the diffusion channel with a characteristic size exceeding the critical value for the stability of the diffusion process between the gas mixture and the process gas, is equipped with a diffusion a channel made with extensions of sections to the tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas. The device can be equipped with several additional diffusion channels.

030303

The invention relates to devices for the separation of gas mixtures and can be used to separate some components of the gas mixture in the chemical, biological, gas and other industries.

A device for separating a gas mixture used in preparative capillary chromatography, consisting of a tank for a carrier gas, a tank for a divided mixture, a capillary and tanks for collecting the separated components (Golberg KA, Vigdergauz MS Course of gas chromatography. - M .: Chemistry, 1967).

The disadvantage of this device for the separation is low productivity and frequency of action.

The closest analogue, that is, the prototype, is a device for the separation of the gas mixture (provisional patent RK No. 6359, publ. 15.07.1998, bull. No. 6), having tanks for the gas mixture and process gas, a diffusion channel with a characteristic size determined from relations ά ³ > K η Ό / § Δρ, where K is the critical diffusion Rayleigh number; η is the average dynamic viscosity of the mixture and process gas; And - the average diffusion coefficient of the components of the mixture and process gas; d - acceleration of gravity; Δρ is the difference in the density of the process gas and the mixture. In addition, the device is equipped with supply and discharge lines for supplying source gases and removal of separation products.

The disadvantage of the prototype is insufficient performance.

The objective of the invention is to improve the performance of the device for the separation of the gas mixture.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the device for the separation of the gas mixture, consisting of supply and discharge lines, tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas and the diffusion channel with a characteristic size exceeding the critical value for the stability of the diffusion process between the gas mixture and the process gas made with extensions of sections to the tanks for the gas mixture and process gas. The device can be equipped with several diffusion channels.

The implementation of the diffusion channel with the expansion of the sections to the tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas increases the intensity of the separation of the gas mixture. The supply of additional diffusion channels leads to an increase in the overall separation performance proportional to the number of diffusion channels.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a device for the separation of a gas mixture with a diffusion channel, made with extensions to the tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of the device with additional diffusion channels.

A device for the separation of the gas mixture (Fig. 1) consists of a diffusion channel 1, made with extensions to the tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas, the tank for the gas mixture 2, the container for the process gas 3, supply lines 4 and outlet lines 5. The device can be equipped with several diffusion channels 1 (Fig. 2).

The device works as follows.

The gas mixture and process gas are fed through lines 4 to tanks 2 and 3, respectively. The density of the process gas is selected between the densities of the divided heavy and light components of the mixture. Then, if the characteristic size of the diffusion channel exceeds the critical one, the diffusion instability mode is realized. At the interface between the mixture and process gas, zones are formed that are stratified by density, which, due to their instability in the field of gravity when the critical size of the diffusion channel is exceeded, leads to the formation of “convective cells”. Cells with a high concentration of heavy gas, under the influence of Archimedean forces are moved to the lower tank 3 with the process gas. In turn, cells with a lighter process gas are transferred to the upper tank 2. Thus, in a separated mixture, heavy gas is separated and replaced with a lighter process gas (Kosov V.N., Seleznev V.D., Zhavrin Yu.I. The effect of the separation of components in the isothermal mixing of ternary gas systems under conditions of free convection (ZhTF. - 1997, vol. 67, No. 10, pp. 139, 140). Since the physical transfer of the separated gases occurs in "convection cells", and diffusion processes only form them, the performance of such a device is much higher than pure diffusion separation devices. Studies have shown that for diffusion channels with a characteristic size exceeding the critical value, an increase in the size of the channel as it approaches the capacity for gas mixture 2 and the capacity for process gas 3 causes an increase in the intensity of the process of formation of convective cells and, as a result, an increase in the efficiency of gas separation. Further, the separated gas mixtures are output through the line 5.

To increase the overall performance of the gas separation device can be performed with multiple diffusion channels.

The proposed device has the following advantages:

high performance due to the use of the mechanism of diffusion instability in

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channels with extensions of sections to tanks for gas mixture 2 and process gas 3;

the possibility of increasing the overall performance of the device due to the supply of several diffusion channels.

Thus, the proposed device allows efficient separation of gas mixtures.

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. Device for the separation of the gas mixture, consisting of supply and discharge lines, tanks for the gas mixture and the process gas and the diffusion channel with a characteristic size exceeding the critical value for the stability of the diffusion process between the gas mixture and the process gas is made with extensions of sections to tanks for gas mixture and process gas. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with several diffusion channels.