EA028387B1 - Composition having fungicidal action and method of controlling phytopathogens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition having fungicidal action which comprises different combinations of azoles and strobilurins. The composition contains a mixture of epoxiconazole with cyproconazole or azoxystrobin, and further contains an adjuvant in a synergetically-effective amount. The adjuvant both can be a part of the composition and can be added during preparation of a working solution. Ratio of the adjuvant and active component ranges from 1:20 to 20:1. The adjuvant is at least one polyoxyethylated alcohol or amine, polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate, sulphate or phosphate of polyoxyethylated alcohol or salts thereof, ethoxy-propoxy block copolymer, ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol, sulphate of phosphate of ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol or salts thereof, propoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol, sulphate or phosphate of propoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol or salts thereof, graft copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethylmethacrylate. The invention makes it possible to increase biological effectiveness and prolonged action, resistance to adverse weather conditions of fungicides, and increases crop yield.

Description

The object of the present invention is a composition with fungicidal action, which as active components contains various combinations of azoles and strobilurins.

One of the main problems of modern crop production are plant diseases and the fight against them.

Pathogens of plant diseases create great difficulties in the cultivation of crops - these are numerous bacteria and fungi. These pathogens can cause plant diseases such as smut, septoria, fusarium, rust, rhinchosporiasis, powdery mildew, which can reduce the yield by up to 70% or completely destroy it.

It is known that to combat plant diseases, fungicides from the classes of azoles and strobilurins and their mixtures are used. Azoles inhibit the biosynthesis of sterols, including ergosterols, by inhibiting the formation of the enzyme C-14 dimethylase, and also violate the selectivity of the permeability of cell membranes of the pathogen, which leads to inhibition of its growth. Strobilurins, in turn, suppress the respiration process in mitochondria by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes. Violations of the energy balance at the cellular level leads to rapid death of the fungus.

In the prior art, there are a number of scientific articles devoted to the control of plant diseases (see, for example, To11egapse OG AK1 No1yuryobsht Epboryu1o Gipdyubek ikeb епη regepsha 1 guedgakke keeb rgobisΐίοη ΝΤΛΥ ΖΕΕΑΝΏ РЫЫТ RCOTESTUYu, 32, 2002, 32. РолеейИа1 Гог 1ее бе \ е1ортеп! ОГ Гебисеб кепк Шуйу 1о ΌΜΙ Гипдю1бек ίη siggep! Sop! Go1 ас ас б М ок й е ВС ВС ВС ш ВС ВС ί й 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 The above articles mainly use tank mixtures of fungicides.

When using active substances, the most complete realization of their biological potential is of great importance. Adding adjuvants to the maximum extent contributes to this by modifying or enhancing the action of pesticides, ensuring compatibility between different classes of pesticides in preparations, increasing resistance to weather conditions, including increasing resistance to rain, decreasing the rate of demolition of active substances during application and increasing resistance to temperature differences during storage .

The objective of the invention is to develop a composition with fungicidal action, containing as an active component a mixture of epoxiconazole with cyproconazole or azoxystrobin, as well as additional components that are adjuvants that can enhance the action of its active component and provide a stable long-term effect of these fungicides.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is the invention of Bayer Cropscience AG, described in patent KI 2359458. The known invention discloses a suspension concentrate with microbiocidal action, the active substances of which are substances from the group of azoles and strobilurins. It is also known that the suspension concentrate according to the known invention contains at least one or more adjuvants, which is a mixture of one or more substances from the group of alkanol ethoxylates.

The disadvantages of KI 2359458 include the fact that the adjuvant in a certain amount is part of the suspension concentrate, therefore, increasing its amount if necessary is impossible. Another significant disadvantage of the invention is that the consumption of adjuvant per hectare of cultivated area according to the invention is 100-150 g. Such an amount of adjuvant is a very small norm and does not provide an increase in biological efficiency, which is confirmed by the tables of the invention described in the description.

The difference between the claimed composition from the known from KI 2359458 is that adjuvants are synergistic to the active component of the claimed composition, since a synergistic interaction was found in the range of ratios between adjuvant and active component from 1:20 to 20: 1. Another difference is that, as an adjuvant, the composition contains at least one polyoxyethylated alcohol or amine, polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate, sulfate or phosphate of polyoxyethylated alcohol or their salts, ethoxy-propoxy-block copolymer, ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol, sulfate or phosphate ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol or their salts, propoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol, sulfate or phosphate of propoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol or their salt, when Ita copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate. Also the difference is that the amount of adjuvant in the composition can be increased by introducing additional quantities before use in the preparation of the working solution.

As azoles, the composition according to the invention contains epoxiconazole and ciproconazole, and as strobilurins, azoxystrobin.

Preferred are combinations of ciproconazole with epoxiconazole and epoxiconazole with azoxystrobin, in which ciproconazole with epoxyconazole is taken in a ratio of 1: 5 to 5: 1, and epoxiconazole with azoxystrobin is from 1: 5 to 5: 1.

The most preferred ratio for cyproconazole and epoxiconazole is a 2: 3 ratio, for epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin a 2: 3 ratio.

The composition may be presented in the form of suspension concentrates, oil dispersions,

- 1 028387 concentrates of emulsions, suspension emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, microemulsions, water-soluble powders, water-soluble or water-dispersible granules.

Necessary (target) additives are solvents, surfactants, antifreezes, defoamers, biocides, thickeners and carriers.

The fungicidal composition is used in conjunction with an adjuvant, in which the claimed invention uses at least one polyoxyethylated alcohol or amine, polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylated alcohol sulfate or phosphate or their salts, ethoxy-propoxy-block copolymer, ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or aryl , ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol sulfate or phosphate or their salts, propoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol, propoxylated sulfate or phosphate th tristyrylphenol or arylphenol or a salt thereof, a graft copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate.

An adjuvant may be included in the composition, or may be added during the preparation of the working solution.

Most preferred is the case when the adjuvant is added to the mixture of active components before use by mixing them in a tank to obtain a working solution.

The most preferred adjuvant is at least one polyoxyethylated alcohol, a polyoxyethylated amine, or a mixture thereof with polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, a polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate, a grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate, and a mixture thereof with an ethoxy-propoxy-block copolymer.

In the range of ratios between the adjuvant and the active component from 1:20 to 20: 1, it was found that the biological effectiveness of the composition was noticeably enhanced. This is evidenced by data obtained in a number of tests conducted on various cultures (tab. 1-2).

Also one of the most important characteristics of the fungicidal composition according to the invention, which is provided by the addition of an adjuvant, is its resistance to rain, i.e. maintaining the activity of the composition in adverse weather conditions.

Adjuvants used in the claimed invention increase the adhesion of the active components to plants and thereby increase the adherence of the composition to the surface of plants, which significantly improves such a characteristic of the composition as rain resistance.

Another object of the claimed invention is a method of protecting cultivated plants from pathogenic fungi and bacteria by treating cultivated plants, their parts and their places of growth with a composition with fungicidal action.

Example 1

Synergistic Evaluation

The effectiveness of the claimed fungicidal composition was determined in laboratory conditions on test plants of wheat against pathogens of diseases such as septoria and fusarium. To do this, wheat seeds were sown in wet sand in Petri dishes, which were covered with aluminum foil, and then vernalized for 6 weeks at a temperature of 4 ° C. After seed germination, the seedlings were transplanted into plastic pots with standardized soil with a diameter of 11 cm per one plant per pot and grown in a chamber with temperature and light control until growth stage 48-63 was reached, after which they were inoculated with 8ep1op ίΓΐίίοί and Rizagsht dhashteagish 8cb \\ mushrooms \ Additional fertilizers are not used. During cultivation, only four sprouts were left on each plant, and the rest were cut.

The cultivation of the isolates of the fungi Speriopoda ίΐίΓизοί and Ryzagst dgashteagish 8cb \\\ was carried out in Petri dishes using malt-yeast agar for 4 days at room temperature. Mushroom spores were scraped off the surface of the tablet using a glass slide and distilled water. The spore concentration was calculated using a microscope and a Fuchs-Rosenthal counting chamber and brought to a value of 3x10 ⁷ spores / ml. Suspension of spores was distributed over the surface of plants using a chromatographic sprayer.

To determine the effectiveness against fusarium, a mixture of active components and adjuvants at various application rates was applied to the experimental plants using a sprayer 2 days after infection with the fungus Rizagsh dgashteagish 8cN \\., And to determine the effectiveness against septoria 6 days after infection with the fungus 8er1op 1pyst

The efficiency for a mixture of two biologically active substances with an adjuvant in% was calculated according to the Colby formula and was determined as follows (REFERENCES, C. Cauliconella apensis, Acupunctus oleraceutenius, Geocrisylis, Uespuo. 15, 22, 20, p. ), (EMR e! A1., 1962 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ following following:: w: - - - - - -

Exu = (Χ + Υ) - (Χ * Υ) / 100, where

X - biological effectiveness when using a mixture of active components without adjuvant with a consumption rate of t, g / ha;

Υ - biological effectiveness of the adjuvant with a consumption rate of p, g / ha;

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Exu - biological effectiveness with the combined use of a mixture of active components with an adjuvant with consumption rates t and p, g / ha.

An efficacy of 0% corresponds to an efficacy without fungicide treatment, an efficacy of 100% means a complete suppression of pathogens.

The data obtained as a result of the tests are given in table. No. 1, 2. Analysis of the results indicates that in all cases the actual effectiveness for a mixture of active substances with adjuvant is higher than that calculated by the Colby formula, i.e. there is a synergistic effect.

Example 2

The durability of the composition was evaluated in laboratory conditions on test plants of wheat (in the earing phase) infected with Septoria, in accordance with the method of determining the resistance to rain described in the article Scientific and practical aspects of the technology of using modern herbicides in crop production, Nikitin N.V., Spiridonov Yu. I., Shestakov V.G., Moscow, 2009, p. 18-22.

A fungicidal composition without adjuvant and a fungicidal composition containing adjuvant were applied to wheat plants. At various time intervals after application of the fungicide, the plants were subjected to sprinkling (simulated heavy rain with an intensity of 0.83 mm / min). The amount of fungicide retained was judged by the reduction of pathogen development.

From the above table. 3-4 data it follows that the composition containing the adjuvant is better retained on the surface of the plants, which significantly increases its resistance to washing off by rain compared with the composition without adjuvant.

Example 3

Biological Efficiency Assessment

Field tests of the obtained samples to assess the biological effectiveness were carried out by treating winter wheat plants (Moskovskaya grade 39) against a complex of diseases (leaf septoria, spike septoria, brown rust).

The tests were carried out in comparison with well-known commercial preparations, such as Amistar Extra (200/80 g / l azoxystrobin / ciproconazole), SC.

During the growing season, the test samples were sprayed at the heading phase. Spraying was carried out with a backpack sprayer. The working fluid flow rate is 200 l / ha. The experiment was repeated four times, the area of each plot was 10 m ² . The degree of damage to plants by the pathogen of septoria at the date of registration was evaluated by the surface area covered by the disease.

Biological effectiveness (%) was evaluated by the formula K-O

BE = ------------- x 100,

To where BE - biological effectiveness,%;

About - the degree of damage to plants in the control on the date of accounting,%;

K - the degree of damage to plants on the date of registration,%.

Productivity was determined by weighing the grain obtained from one hectare of the treated surface, and comparing the obtained value with the value obtained in the control.

The data of the test results are given in table. No. 5, 6.

Taking into account the results obtained during the testing of the fungicidal composition according to the invention, it can be concluded that the addition of adjuvants to a mixture of epoxyconazole with ciproconazole or azoxystrobin significantly increases its biological effectiveness, duration of action, resistance to adverse weather conditions, and also helps to increase productivity cultivated plants.

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Table 1. Assessment of the synergistic effect

Ratio active component * and adjuvant Consumption rate, g / ha Biological efficiency against Septoria on a nutrient medium,% Synergism active component* Adjuvant Fact Erasch. Fact Erasch. one 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 20: 1 300 fifteen one hundred 95.23 + 4.77 16.25 160 250 95 82.14 + 12.86 10: 1 200 twenty 93 85.09 +7.91 5: 1 200 40 94 85.05 +8.95 2: 1 120 60 85 77.12 +7.88 eleven 200 200 98.2 85.09 +13.11 12 160 320 94.6 82.22 +12.38 fifteen 120 600 90 77.12 +12.88 1: 10 80 800 75.3 69.38 +5.92 1: 20 one hundred 2000 81.3 72.06 +9.24 - 300 95.2 - 200 85 - 160 82 - 120 77 - one hundred 72 - 80 69.2 - - fifteen one - twenty 0.6 - 320 1.2 - 40 0.3 - 250 0.8 - 800 0.6 - 60 0.5 - 200 0.6 - 600 0.5 - 2000 0.2

As adjuvants for this example are taken:

- polyoxyethylated alcohol

- polyoxyethylated amine

- a mixture of polyoxyethylated amine with polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate

- polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate

- grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate

- ethoxylated tristyrylphenol

ethoxy propoxy block copolymer

- a mixture of ethoxy-propoxy-block copolymer and grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate * a mixture of cyproconazole and epoxyconazole in the ratio 2: 3 was taken as the active component for this experiment

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Table 2. Assessment of the synergistic effect

- polyoxyethylated amine

- a mixture of polyoxyethylated amine with polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate

- polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate

- grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate

- ethoxylated tristyrylphenol

ethoxy propoxy block copolymer

- a mixture of ethoxy-propoxy-block copolymer and grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate * as the active component for this experiment, a mixture of epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin in a ratio of 2: 3

Table 3. The durability of the composition based on cyproconazole and epoxiconazole (effectiveness against wheat Septoria in the earing phase)

Sprinkling Biological effectiveness against septoria,% active ingredient * without adjuvant active component * with adjuvant 1 ** in the ratio of 16:25 active component * with adjuvant 2 *** in a ratio of 2: 1 No sprinkling 82 95 85 Raining after ... minutes after application composition 5 min 78 92 84 10 min 65 91 82 twenty min 56 89 80 thirty min 40 88 77 60 min 5 83 70

* a mixture of cyproconazole and epoxyconazole in a ratio of 2: 3 was taken as the active component for this test ** as adjuvant 1 for this test, a mixture of polyoxyethylated amine with polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate was taken *** as adjuvant 2 for this test, a grafted polyethylene glycol copolymer was taken and polymethyl methacrylate

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Table 4. The durability of the composition based on epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin (efficacy against wheat Septoria in the earing phase)

Experience option Biological effectiveness against septoria,% active component * without adjuvant active ingredient * with adjuvant 1 ** in a ratio of 5: 1 active component * with adjuvant 2 *** in a ratio of 2: 1 No sprinkling 76 94 90 Raining after ... minutes after application composition 5 min 64 93 88 10 min 56 90 86 twenty min 43 88 83 thirty min 38 86 80 60 min 7 78 73

* a mixture of epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin in a ratio of 2: 3 was taken as the active ingredient for this test ** as adjuvant 1 for this test, a mixture of polyoxyethylated amine with polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate was taken *** as adjuvant 2 for this test, a grafted polyethylene glycol copolymer was taken and polymethyl methacrylate

Table 5. The effectiveness of the composition based on cyproconazole and epoxiconazole against a complex of diseases on winter wheat Moscow 39

No. p / p active component (ratio of cyproconazole and epoxyconazo- la) Norm expense active compo Nenta l / ha Norm expense adju guy, l / ha Septoria leaf Brown rust Septoria spike Weight 1000 grains g Productivity 1 accounting 2 accounting 1 accounting 2 accounting to, % BE % to, % BE % to, % BE % TO, % BE % to, % BE % c / ha in% of control one 1:20 0.2 0.5 1,6 78,4 5,4 76.6 0,0 one hundred 0.2 99.1 2.7 70.3 38.8 38.3 109.1 2 1:10 0.4 0.5 1.3 82,4 3.9 83.1 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 2,3 74.7 39.9 40,2 114.1 3 1: 5 0.2 0.5 0.8 89.2 2,8 87.9 0,0 one hundred 0.2 99.1 1.9 79.1 41,4 42.6 121,4 4 1: 3 0.3 0.5 0.6 91.9 2,3 90.0 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1,5 83.5 41.1 41.0 116.8 5 1: 2 0.4 0.5 1.4 81.1 4,5 80.5 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 2.2 75.8 40.7 40.1 114.2 6 1: 1 0.2 0.5 1,0 86.5 3,1 86.6 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1.8 80.2 40.8 40.5 115.4 7 2: 1 0.3 0.5 1.3 82,4 3.8 83.5 0,0 one hundred 0.2 99.1 1.9 79.1 40.6 40,4 115.1 8 3: 1 0.4 0.5 1,1 85.1 3.2 86.1 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 2.1 76.9 39.9 40,2 114.1 nine 5: 1 0.2 0.5 0.9 87.8 4.1 82.3 0,0 one hundred 0.2 99.1 2,4 73.6 40.5 40.3 114.8 10 10: 1 0.3 0.5 1,5 79.7 2.6 88.7 0,0 one hundred 0.2 99.1 2.0 78.0 40.7 40.1 114.2 eleven 20: 1 0.4 0.5 0.7 90.5 3.6 84,4 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1.7 81.3 40.1 39.8 113.4 12 Amistar Extra, SK 0.5 - 1.4 81.1 4.7 79.6 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 2.2 75.8 39.7 39.5 112.5 thirteen Control (no processing) - - 7.4 - 23.1 - 4.7 - 23.9 - 9.1 - 36,2 35.1 one hundred

K - the degree of damage to plants on the date of accounting BE - biological effectiveness

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Table 6. The effectiveness of the composition based on epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin against a complex of diseases on winter wheat Moscow 39

No. p / p active component (ratio of epoxiconazole and azoxystrobic on) Norm expense active compo Nenta l / ha Norm expense adju guy, l / ha Weight 1000 grains g Productivity Septoria leaf Brown rust Septoria spike 1 accounting 2 accounting 1 accounting 2 accounting to, % BE % to, % BE % to, % BE % to, % BE % to, % BE % n / ha in% of control one 1:15 0.5 0.5 1,2 83.3 4.1 82.7 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1.7 79.5 40.7 39.2 109.5 2 1:10 0.6 0.5 0.9 87.5 3.8 84.0 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1.4 83.1 40.8 40.3 112.6 3 1: 5 0.7 0.5 1,1 84.7 3.2 86.5 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1,5 81.9 41,4 40.8 114.0 4 1: 3 0.5 0.5 0.8 88.9 2.9 87.8 0,0 one hundred 0,0 one hundred 1,2 85.5 41.3 40.1 112.0 5 1: 2.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 93.1 2.2 90.7 0,0 one hundred 0,0 one hundred 1,1 86.7 42,2 42.9 119.8 6 1: 1,5 0.7 0.5 0.8 88.9 3.0 87.3 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1,2 85.5 41.6 40.9 114.2 7 1: 1 0.5 0.5 0.7 90.3 2,3 90.3 0,0 one hundred 0,0 one hundred 1,2 85.5 41.1 41.6 116.2 8 2.5: 1 0.6 0.5 0.8 88.9 2.6 89.0 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1,1 86.7 41.5 41,4 115.6 nine 3: 1 0.7 0.5 1,0 86.1 2,4 89.9 0,0 one hundred 0,0 one hundred 1.3 84.3 41.8 41.5 115.9 10 5: 1 0.5 0.5 0.6 91.7 3,1 86.9 0,0 one hundred 0,0 one hundred 1,5 81.9 40.6 40,2 112.3 eleven 10: 1 0.6 0.5 0.7 90.3 3.6 84.8 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1,6 80.7 41.0 40.7 113.7 12 15: 1 0.7 0.5 1,1 84.7 3.9 83.5 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1,5 84.3 41.3 40.1 112.0 thirteen Amistar Extra, SK 1,0 - 0.7 90.3 2.6 89.0 0,0 one hundred 0.1 99.6 1.3 84.3 41.3 41.1 114.8 14 Control (no processing) - - 7.2 - 23.7 - 5.1 - 25.7 - 8.3 - 36.9 35.8 one hundred

K - the degree of damage to plants on the date of accounting BE - biological effectiveness

Claims (9)

CLAIM 1. A composition with a fungicidal effect, which as an active component contains a mixture of epoxiconazole with ciproconazole or azoxystrobin, and also additionally contains an adjuvant, characterized in that the adjuvant in a synergistically effective amount can either be part of the composition or can be added when preparing a working a solution of the fungicidal composition, wherein the ratio of adjuvant to active component ranges from 1:20 to 20: 1, the adjuvant is at least one polyoxyethyl ethanol or amine, polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate, sulfate or phosphate of polyoxyethylated alcohol or their salts, ethoxypropoxy block copolymer, ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenol, sulfate or phosphate of ethoxylated tristyrylphenol or arylphenylphenylated trifenylated trifenylated or arylphenol or a salt thereof; a grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate. 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that ciproconazole and epoxyconazole in the mixture are in a ratio of from 1: 5 to 5: 1. 3. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the most preferred ratio for cyproconazole and epoxyconazole is a 2: 3 ratio. 4. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin in the mixture are in a ratio of from 1: 5 to 5: 1. 5. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the most preferred ratio for epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin is a ratio of 2: 3. 6. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the most preferred adjuvant is at least one polyoxyethylene alcohol, a polyoxyethylene amine, or a mixture thereof with polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, a grafted copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polymethyl methacrylate and its mixture with ethoxypropoxy . 7. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be presented in the form of suspension concentrates, oil dispersions, emulsion concentrates, suspension emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, microemulsions, water-soluble powders, water-soluble or water-dispersible granules. 8. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it also contains the necessary target additives, such as solvents, surfactants, antifreezes, defoamers, biocides, thickeners, carriers. 9. A method of combating phytopathogens, including the processing of cultivated plants, their parts and their places of growth by the composition according to claim 1.