EA027877B1 - Formulation for prevention of rapeseed pod cracking - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to the field of agriculture, in particular, to materials used for prevention of rapeseed pod cracking and seed release in the preharvesting period and during harvesting. The formulation for prevention of rapeseed pod cracking comprising an adhesive, a solvent, a preservation agent and a non-ionogenic surfactant includes pine rosin as an adhesive, gum spirit as a solvent, Tween 80 or Tween 20 polysorbate as a surfactant, and a preservation agent in the following proportion (wt.%): pine rosin - 40.0-50.0; gum spirit - 45.0-53.0; surfactant - 4.0-6.0; preservation agent - 1.0.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to materials used to prevent cracking of pods and rape seed rape during the pre-harvest period and during harvesting.

Due to the biological characteristics of rapeseed, a significant part of the yield of this valuable oilseed crop often remains in the field, which is largely due to the fact that rapeseed pods ripen on the same plant at different times. In this case, the mature ones begin to crack, and the seed falls out in large quantities. One way to deal with these losses is to use drugs that prevent cracking of rapeseed pods during the pre-harvest period and during harvesting.

Known compositions used in agriculture to prevent the shedding of seeds, including rape, as a result of cracking of the testes, which are solutions in water or emulsions of film-forming organic compounds, both synthetic and natural.

The disadvantages of such compositions are the formation on the surface of the plant of an air- and moisture-proof film, which often leads to disruption of the natural processes of ripening and plant protection, activation of pathogenic microorganisms and, as a consequence, disease of the plant and deterioration of the quality of the seeds obtained. [1-3]

The New Film 17 preparation is widely used, the gluing base of which is di-1-p-menten [4, 5], the principle of which is to form a natural, semi-permeable polymer film on rapeseed pods that covers the surface and mixes with the upper cuticular layer of pods, thereby preventing them from swelling from atmospheric moisture and cracking upon drying.

The main disadvantage of this drug is that the formation of a polymer film on the surface of the plant occurs under the influence of sunlight, which makes the drug ineffective when used in the evening and evening.

Closest to the claimed is a composition for pre-harvest treatment of rapeseed, which is a solution of pine rosin and surfactant in turpentine [6].

A significant drawback of this composition is the use of environmentally unsafe neonol grade AF 9-10 or AF 9-12 as a surfactant. So, despite the fact that, according to the degree of impact on the human body, neonols are classified as moderately hazardous substances (hazard class 3), neonols are prohibited by the European Commission for use at a concentration of> 0.1% in industrial cleaning products, household chemical goods, cosmetics and other applications in the EU.

The objective of the present invention is to develop an environmentally friendly composition based on natural raw materials to prevent cracking of pods and rape seed rape during the pre-harvest period and during harvesting.

This object is achieved in that the composition for preventing cracking of pods and rape seed rape during the pre-harvest period and during harvesting includes a glue and a solvent, as well as a nonionic surfactant, pine rosin is used as a glue, gum turpentine as a solvent, polysorbate as surfactant Tween 80 or Tween 20, as well as a preservative in the following proportions (wt.%): Pine rosin - 40.0-50.0; turpentine turpentine - 45.0-53.0; Surfactant - 4.0-6.0; preservative - 1.0.

In the table. 1 shows examples of formulations for preventing cracking of rapeseed pods.

Table 1

Name components Composition, wt.% one 2 Pine Rosin 40,0 50,0 Gum turpentine 53.0 45.0 Surfactant 6.0 4.0 Preservative 1,0 1,0

A composition for preventing cracking of pods and rape seed rash during the pre-harvest period and during harvesting is prepared as follows: the calculated amount of pine rosin and turpentine turpentine are loaded into the mixer and mixed with heating to 80 ° C until the rosin is completely dissolved. Then add the calculated amount of surfactant and mix until a homogeneous mass. To obtain a working solution, the composition is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 100 to 1: 200. The composition is used once at a dose of 0.8-1.0 l / ha in the phase of the green pod 30 days before rape harvesting. Method of application - spraying.

Studies of the effectiveness of the proposed composition to prevent cracking of rapeseed pods were carried out in field experiments in the central part of Belarus. The results obtained indicate a positive effect of the proposed composition on the yield of rapeseed (table. 2).

The use of the proposed composition to prevent cracking of the pods and rash seeds of rapeseed in the pre-harvest period and during harvesting provides an increase in the yield of rapeseed by 23-32% in relation to the control and by 0.3-5% in comparison with the prototype.

- 1 table 2

Namely waning The rate of introduction of the drug 0.8 l / ha 1.3 l / ha Uro jay nost c / ha ± to counter Liu c / ha ± to counter Liu % Uro jay nost c / ha ± to counter Liu c / ha ± to counter Liu % The control 36,2 - - 36,2 - - Grippled 44.5 8.3 122.9 45.9 9.7 126.8 Composition 1 44.6 8.4 123,2 46.2 10.0 127.6 Composition 2 45.8 9.6 126.5 47.7 11.5 131.8

The use of the proposed composition to prevent cracking of the pods and rash seeds of rapeseed in the pre-harvest period and during harvesting provides an increase in the yield of rapeseed by 23-32% in relation to the control and by 0.3-5% in comparison with the prototype.

Tests conducted under various weather conditions showed that the use of the claimed composition does not adversely affect the quality characteristics of the rapeseed obtained, does not violate the natural processes of ripening and protection of rapeseed, as well as plant diseases.

Thus, the claimed composition helps to increase the yield of rapeseed by preventing cracking of the pods and rash seeds of rapeseed in the pre-harvest period and during harvesting, surpassing the prototype in terms of efficiency and environmental safety.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2191498, IPC L01T 25/00, 1999.

2. V.A. Fedotov S.V. Goncharov, V.P. Savenkov. Colza of Russia / Moscow: Russian Agro League. 2008.336 s.

3. O.V. Barbaker. Liposam zaschadzhue gerbshchidi. / Quarantine ΐ zachist roslin. 2008. No. 3 (141). S. 28.

4. Ya.E. Pilyuk. Colza in Belarus. (Biology, selection and cultivation technology) / Minsk: Businessetset. 2007.240 s.

5. Patent I8 No. 4447984, IPC L01C 1/00, 1984.

6. RB patent No. 14601, IPC L01C 1/00, 2011.

Claims (1)

CLAIM Composition to prevent cracking of canola pods, including a binder, a solvent and a preservative, as well as a surfactant, characterized in that it contains pine rosin as a binder, gum turpentine as a solvent, Polysorbate Tween 80 or Tween 20 as a surfactant and a preservative in the following Ratios (wt.%): pine rosin - 40.0-50.0; gum turpentine - 45.0-53.0; Surfactant - 4.0-6.0; preservative - 1.0.