EA019615B1 - Harvested crop haulage system for forage harvester with discharge accelerator and air blower for providing air flow - Google Patents

Abstract

Harvested crop haulage system for a forage harvester (10) comprises a discharge accelerator (24) with a receiving conveyor (48) for feeding crop and a housing (42) with the conveyor therein, the housing comprises a crop inlet (44) for chopped harvested crop and at least one air blower (56) which impacts the harvested crop with a directional air flow that flows in a direction of conveyance of the harvested crop and performed within the housing (42) of the discharge accelerator (24), the air blower (56) is arranged inside or outside the housing (42) and comprises air paddles (58) mounted on the conveyor (48) shaft (50), between the conveyor (48) and the air blower (56) a partition (60) is provided, wherein the air conveyor paddles (58) of the air blower (56) are enclosed in the circumferential direction by a wall (66), having an opening (70) through which the crop directed by the airflow can be acted upon.

Description

The invention relates to a crop transportation system for a harvesting combine containing an unloading accelerator with a conveyor for transporting the crop and a housing receiving conveyor that has an inlet for a crushed crop and an outlet for the culture being harvested, and at least one blower for creating airflow and impact on the flow of the transporter culture removed.

The level of technology

Forage harvesters, also called field shredders, are used to harvest plants that rise from the field or are cut, fed into the grinding device and crushed in it, and ultimately reloaded onto the vehicle. To this end, a downstream discharge accelerator is provided downstream of the grinding device, which transports the ground up crop to the discharge tower. At the upper end of the unloading tower, there is an unloading pipe on the rotating crown, which is rotatable around a vertical axis and, as a rule, rotatable around a horizontal axis to allow the height of the throwing end, on which the unloading rotary valve is usually fixed. For harvesting corn between a grinding device and an unloading accelerator, a grain processing device is installed, which has at least two rollers driven in rotation, between which the harvested crop passes in order to crush the grains for better digestibility.

The flow of the crop to be removed from the accelerator of unloading also contains a certain amount of air, which facilitates the transport of the crop to be removed. This air fraction is sucked up according to the state of the art on the front side of the grinding device through a transport channel through which the crop is also transported from the harvesting nozzle to the grinding device. Due to the relatively small dimensions of the transport channel and the grain processing device, the air supply in many cases is insufficient, which leads to an unsatisfactory transport action of the unloading accelerator.

To supply additional air and thereby improve the transport effect of the chopping drum, it was proposed to locate air-transporting elements in the forage harvester, not equipped with an unloading accelerator, on the side of the chopper drum that accelerate air from the lateral direction and accelerate to the unloading tower (ΌΌ 216608 A1). In EP 0510470 A1, it is proposed to supply the body of the unloading accelerator with side holes through which the blades of the blower suck and accelerate the outside air. In EP 1275291 A1, which is considered as a prior art, a description is provided of a conveyor positioned downstream of the chopping drum with a closed rotating drum, on the casing of which are transport vanes for transporting the harvested crop. On the end walls of the drum are air transporting elements that suck air from the side openings, which are provided in the air shafts that run vertically downwards. In all of these additional air transporting elements, the disadvantage is that although the additional air is sucked in and released, however, the air returns in all arbitrary directions, so that only a fraction of the additional air flow actually contributes to transporting the harvested culture to the unloading tower and through the unloading pipe. In the discharge accelerator, the crop flow is inhibited by another part of the additional air flow.

The task of the invention

The object of the invention is to create a transport system for the crop to be harvested for a forage harvester, containing an unloading accelerator and means for creating an air flow to support the unloading of the cultivated crop, which has an improved transport effect.

Summary of Invention

This task is solved according to the invention with the help of the technical solution according to claim 1, while in the other claims, features are shown with which the technical solution preferably develops further.

The transportation system of the harvested crop of a fodder harvester contains an unloading accelerator, which has a conveyor for transporting the harvested crop and a housing that houses the conveyor. The housing has an input for the crop to be harvested and an outlet for the crop to be harvested. In addition, a blower is provided, which during operation loads the harvested crop transported by a directed air flow passing in the stream direction of the harvested culture.

This airflow purposefully supports the transport action of the discharge accelerator, since it is directed in the direction of flow of the crop to be harvested.

The impact on the crop to be harvested by the air flow can be made, relative to the direction of the flow, higher relative to the conveyor (i.e. before the conveyor) or lower relative to

- 1,019,615 transporters (i.e. after the transporter). It is also possible to load the cultivated crop with air inside the conveyor body, i.e. the conveyor itself and the cultivated crop located on it are exposed to the air flow.

The blower is spatially separated from the conveyor itself and may be located inside the conveyor housing or outside the conveyor housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the air transporting blades of the blower are located on the conveyor shaft. They can give air through the hole in the surrounding wall in the circumferential direction directly into the conveyor housing, or it is directed through a separate air channel into the conveyor housing or into the discharge tower located downstream of the conveyor. In another embodiment, the drive of the blower is also spatially separated from the drive of the unloading accelerator, so that the blower is driven by a separate drive, and the air flow is connected through the air channel to the flow of the crop to be harvested.

Description of the embodiment

The following is an explanation of the invention based on three exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which schematically show in FIG. 1 - self-propelled harvester in the form of a forage harvester, in side view;

in fig. 2 shows a transport system for a forage harvester according to FIG. 1 in vertical projection;

in fig. 3 shows a transport system according to FIG. 2 in a side view in partial section;

in fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the transport system for a forage harvester according to FIG. 1 in vertical projection;

in fig. 5 shows a transport system according to FIG. 4 in a side view in partial section;

in fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of the transport system and the subsequent discharge column for a forage harvester according to FIG. 1 in isometric view.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a self-propelled forage harvester (field chopper) 10. The design of the forage harvester 10 is based on the frame 12, which is carried by the front drive wheels 14 and the controlled rear wheels 16. The forage harvester 10 is controlled from the driver’s cab 18, which is visible harvesting nozzle 20 in the form of a pick-up, which can also be replaced with a corn nozzle for harvesting corn. With the help of the harvesting nozzle 20, the harvestable crop taken from the soil, such as grass or the like, is fed through a pre-compression conveyor with rollers 30, 32, 34, 36 that are located inside the retractor housing 50 on the front side of the forage harvester 10, into the under the cab 18 of the driver, a grinding device 22 in the form of a grinding drum, which crushes it into small pieces and discharges it into the accelerator 24. The harvested crop leaves the forage harvester 10 to a nearby vehicle through the vehicle shown in FIG. 1 in the resting position, the discharge pipe 26, which with the help of the crown 38 rests rotatably around an approximately vertical axis and is designed to regulate by inclination. Between the grinding device 22 and the unloading accelerator 24 there is a channel 68 into which the device 28 for processing the grains with two oppositely rotating rollers for processing the grains can be inserted in order to crush the grains when harvesting corn. When harvesting grass, grain handling device 28 is moved to a non-operating position, as shown in the drawing, or removed. Between the accelerator 24 unloading and turning the crown 38 is the tower 40 unloading. In the following, direction indications, such as from the side, bottom or top, refer to the front direction V of the harvesting machine 10, which runs in FIG. 1 left.

FIG. 2 and 3 show the first embodiment of the transport system with the unloading accelerator 24 in a front view and in a side view. The unloading accelerator 24 comprises a housing 42 with an inlet 44 for the crop to be harvested and an exit 46 for the crop to be harvested. Inside the housing 42 there is a conveyor 48 with an average, rotatable shaft 50, on which one or several supporting disks 52 are located, which in turn carry rigid blades 54 for transporting the harvested culture, which can also be suspended in a pendulum manner. On both outer sides of the conveyor 48 is provided by the blower 56. The blowers 56 each contain several air transporting blades 58, which are rigidly connected to the shaft 50. Between the blowers 56 and the conveyor 48 are dividing walls 60, which are connected to the shaft 50 and also serve to support the transporting air blades 58. Dividing walls 60 do not have openings through which air could pass from blower 56 to conveyor 48. However, such openings can be provided. Blowers 56 are axially closed by outer walls 62 with middle air inlets 64. The outer walls 62 form at the same time the outer cover of the housing 42. The blowers 56 are closed in the circumferential direction by the wall 66, the radial dimensions of which are somewhat larger than the dimensions of the conveyor 48. The wall 66 contains only a hole 70 next to the exit 46 for the crop to be cleaned. (preferably in the form of one part) in the outer walls 62 or connected with them in any way. At the top, the upper part of the housing 42 is connected to the unloading tower 40, and both are narrowed in the direction of flow of the crop harvested by the arrows. Lead from a grinding device 22 or,

- 2 019615, respectively, from the rollers 28 of the grain processing unit, which also tapers in the flow direction of the crop to be harvested, the channel 68 connects flat to the dividing walls 60. It should be also noted that the dividing walls 60, unlike the description and drawings, can be rigidly connected to the housing 42. In this case, it is necessary to provide other supporting disks 52 for supporting the air transporting blades 58 near the dividing walls 60.

The principle of operation shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the air transport system according to the invention is such that, during operation, the shredded harvested crop is transported via channel 68 and inlet 44 for the harvested crop to the conveyor, as indicated by dark arrows. It is then received by the blades 54 of the conveyor 48, accelerated and transmitted through exit 46 for the crop to the discharge tower 40, as indicated by dark arrows, from which it enters the discharge pipe 26. The blowers 56 acting as radial fans suck in ambient air, which can enter from the top and / or side through suitable openings (not shown) in the lids 72 of the forage harvester 10, through the air intake holes 64. The intake air is accelerated by the air transporting blades 58 and is guided only through the openings 70, which are located laterally at the lower exit zone 46 for the crop to be removed, to the stream of crop to be removed downstream of the conveyor 48, as indicated by the light arrows. In line with this, the air flows supplied by blowers 56 are directed in the direction of the flow of the crop to be harvested and purposefully support it.

Shown in FIG. 4 and 5, the second embodiment of the transportation system, in which coinciding with the first embodiment is designated with the same positions, corresponds essentially in its construction and principle of operation to the first embodiment. As a significant difference, it should be noted that the walls 66 and the air transporting blades 58 have smaller radial dimensions than the conveyor 48. In this case, the channel 68 flatly adjoins the outer walls 62, but it can also, as shown in FIG. 2 and 3, to connect with the separation walls, while the separation wall 60 may also be fixed. In the second embodiment, the air flow is also directed downstream in the direction of flow of the crop to be harvested, however, already in the outer circumferential zone of the conveyor 48.

Shown in FIG. 6, the third embodiment of the transport system, in which elements identical with the first and second embodiments are designated with the same positions, contains a spatial separation between the unloading accelerator 24 and the blowers 56. For this purpose, the dividing walls 60 are made in the form of bearing parts of the housing 42, which cover the conveyor 48 parties. Blowers 56 are located outside the separation walls 60 and contain, by rotation of the shaft 50, air-transporting blades 58, which are closed in the circumferential direction by the walls 66, and in the axial direction by the outer walls 62, which contain mid-holes 64 for air intake. The walls 66 have only an opening 70 in the upper zone, to which the box-shaped air duct 74 adjoins, which extends to the lower zone of the side wall 76 of the discharge tower 40 and enters the existing opening 70 there. Thus, the same as the radial fans of the blower 56 transmit the intake air into air ducts 74, which load the crop flow with an upward air flow and thereby improve the transportation process through the discharge tower 40 and the discharge tube 26. It should be noted that the forward and the forward directed pi hole in the housing 42 and the walls 62, 66 are shown for illustrative purposes only, and is actually closed.

If in certain situations of harvesting a crop (crop), the reachable discharge distance or unloading speed of the harvested crop is too high, for example, when the forage harvester 10 tows the transport cart directly behind itself, it is advisable to throttle the air flow, which can be done using suitable screens (not shown ), which manually or with the help of actuators with an external drive, approach or turn in front of the air intake holes.

Claims (6)

CLAIM 1. A crop transportation system for a forage harvester (10), containing an unloading accelerator (24) with a conveyor (48) for transporting the crop to be harvested and a housing (42) containing a conveyor (48), while the housing (42) has an input (44) for shredded crop and yield (46) for the culture to be harvested, and at least one blower (56) for creating an air flow and affecting the flow of the culture being harvested, characterized in that the air blower (56) is capable of affecting the harvested culture is directed The air flow passing in the direction of flow of the crop to be harvested, the impact on the crop being removed by air flow inside the body (42) of the unloading accelerator (24), the blower (56) is located inside the body (42) and contains the air transporting blades (58), which are mounted on the shaft (50) of the conveyor (48), and between transport - 3,019,615 rum (48) and a blower (56) are provided with a separating wall (60), and the blades (58) of the blower (56) transporting the air are surrounded in the circumferential direction by a wall (66), which has an opening (70) through which effects on harvested culture directed air flow. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole (70) is located directly next to the conveyor (48). 3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing (42) of the conveyor (48) passes into the outer wall (62), which closes the blower (56) in the axial direction, or is connected to it. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the blower (56) on the air delivery side is connected via an air channel (74) with an opening (70) in the housing (42) of the unloading accelerator (24) and / or located downstream tower (40) unloading. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two blowers (56) located on both sides of the discharge accelerator (24). 6. Forage harvester (10) containing located between the grinding device (22) and the discharge pipe (26) system for transporting the harvested culture according to any one of claims 1 to 5.