EA011081B1

EA011081B1 - Method for influencing a liquid metal chemical composition in a ladle and an equipment system for carrying out said method

Info

Publication number: EA011081B1
Application number: EA200701419A
Authority: EA
Inventors: Виктор Николаевич ХЛОПОНИН; Эвальд Антонович Шумахер; Анатолий Константинович Белитченко; Эдгар Эвальдович Шумахер; Иван Васильевич Зинковский; Александр Эвальдович Хёшеле
Original assignee: Техком Импорт Экспорт Гмбх
Priority date: 2005-03-10
Filing date: 2005-06-23
Publication date: 2008-12-30
Also published as: EP1857202A1; EA200701419A1; EP1857202A4; UA90303C2; BRPI0520108A2; CN101166592A; RU2288280C1; RU2005106352A; CN101166592B; WO2006096089A1

Abstract

The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, more specifically to steel production. The inventive method consists in transfer a steel flow transferable from a metal melting device into a ladle through a channel and, during said transfer, in supplying deoxidisers, desulphurisers and other modifying agents changing the metal chemical composition the metal flow in the ladle. The supply is carried out by a free fall, a screw feed or a gas injection, wherein a neutral or inert gas is used. Delivery of elements is carried out at the input to the canal in several sections along its perimeter throughout the height and along the perimeter of the canal, the delivery of elements is carried out by succeeding of sections, at that during this succeeding the process of metal pouring stops and the ladle is replaced, the elements are delivered in flour and/or in granules. The inventive system for carrying out said method consists, alongside with the metal melting device, the ladle and a system for specified feeding of components, of a device comprising a channel whose working section is made of a refractory material, in particular from graphite, during a steel transfer, said device is placed between the output opening of the metal melting device and the ladle, wherein the longitudinal axes of the channel and opening are coaxial. The device comprises a drive of displacement or has a possibility of self-adjusting or mounted immovable. The device also comprises a bearing construction and replaceable part with the canal made of graphite. The canal is conically-shaped at the input possesses tapered and cylindrically-shaped at the rest of extention and canting angle of the tapered surface from vertical line comprises maximum 30°.

Description

The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, more precisely to the production of steel. At the same time, it can be used in non-ferrous metallurgy.

There is a method of influencing the chemical composition of liquid steel, including the preparation of steel in a metal-smelting container and its pouring through an outlet from the main container into an intermediate container, feeding elements into the steel that change its chemical composition when it is in the metal-smelting capacity and during the pouring process (see , for example, У8 4632368 А, В 22Ό 11/118, 11/14, of 12/30/1986).

The known method has significant drawbacks.

First, the supply of elements in the liquid steel, changing its chemical composition, is carried out using glass, which makes it difficult to use the method to affect the chemical composition of the steel in the ladle, and secondly, there are significant losses of deoxidizers and alloying elements.

There is a method of influencing the chemical composition of liquid steel in a ladle, including the transfer of liquid steel from a smelting vessel through an outlet to a ladle and the supply of alloying elements and / or deoxidizing agents to steel. Moreover, the supply of elements is carried out in the tank steel bucket from above by 1) injecting powdered materials; 2) plunging of special capsules filled with powdered materials; 3) mechanized feeding of elements pressed into a tube of low-alloy steel and others (see, for example, VI Yavoisky et al. “Steel metallurgy”. Textbook for universities. M .: Metallurgy, 1983, p. 322).

This well-known method of influencing the chemical composition of steel in the ladle is the closest to the proposed according to essential features, therefore, it is adopted as a prototype.

The known method has significant drawbacks.

First, only a part of the elements fed into the liquid steel (especially aluminum, calcium, rare-earth metals, alkali-earth metals, etc.) are involved in the steel processing, since a significant part of them evaporates (burns).

Secondly, the implementation of the method requires intensive processing of liquid steel in a ladle by blowing gas in order to ensure uniform processing of steel by volume.

Thirdly, the possibility of organizing the production of small batches of steel billets in large metallurgy, when the mass of steel in the ladle can reach 300 tons, is excluded.

Fourth, the environmental situation in the area of steel processing in the ladle is deteriorating due to dust formation and combustion of the supplied elements.

The proposed method of influencing the chemical composition of liquid steel in a ladle is free from the indicated disadvantages. It solved the problem of a uniform and economical supply of alloying elements and / or deoxidizing agents together with an inert gas into molten steel. Achieved technical result of the production of small batches of steel in large metallurgy, thus expanding the technological capabilities for obtaining blanks of different chemical composition. Ecological conditions are improved when feeding elements into steel.

Obtaining these technical results is ensured by the fact that in the proposed method of influencing the chemical composition of the liquid metal in the ladle, including the pouring of liquid metal from the smelting vessel through an outlet to the ladle and a system for feeding elements into the metal, affecting the chemical composition of the metal in the ladle, according to the proposal in the process of the said transfusion, the metal stream (stream) is passed inside the channel, the length of which is less than the length of this stream, and the cross section is somewhat higher The flow cross section of the metal and the longitudinal axis of the channel are identical, and at least at the beginning of the channel, elements are introduced into the direction of the metal flow that change the chemical composition of the metal in the ladle. In this case, the supply of elements is carried out in conjunction with a neutral or inert gas. In addition, the supply of elements is carried out by free fall. The elements are fed along an inclined line. Moreover, the filing of the elements is enforced. The elements are fed by injecting the gas. The elements are fed by a screw. In addition, the elements are supplied in several sections of the channel. The supply of elements is carried out at the beginning of the entrance to the channel in several areas along its perimeter. The elements are supplied in several sections along the height and perimeter of the channel. In addition, carry out the change of sections of the feed elements, while during the time specified shift stop the process of pouring metal and replace the bucket. At the entrance to the channel and in the channel, the trajectory of the movement of the metal is a vertical straight line. At the entrance to the channel and in the channel of the trajectory of the movement of the metal is an inclined line. Moreover, the elements are served in crushed and / or granular states.

For the effective implementation of the proposed method, it is important to ensure uniform distribution of the elements fed into the steel in the volume of the liquid metal in the ladle, which is implemented using the proposed metal smelting capacity - ladle.

Known complex steel-making capacity - a ladle containing a metal-smelting capacity (for example, an open-hearth furnace) with an outlet and a ladle (see, for example, Fig. VII. 9 on page 536 of the textbook given by V. I. Yavoysky and others).

- 1 011081

This essential complex of steelmaking is closest to the proposed according to essential features, therefore it is taken as a prototype.

The known complex has significant drawbacks, which are analyzed when describing a known method. These shortcomings lead to the need for an additional operation - purging liquid steel in the ladle with an inert or neutral gas (see, for example, Fig. 2.1. On page 102 in the book “Continuous Casting of Steel / Monograph. A. Smirnov and others. - Donetsk: DonNTU (2002).

The proposed complex metal-smelting capacity - the bucket is free from the disadvantages of the known complex. It solves the problem of supplying elements that act on the chemical composition of the metal in the ladle to a liquid metal, with their uniform distribution in the volume (deoxidizers, desulfurizers and modifying elements) of the metal in the ladle with economical use of these elements (deoxidizers, alloying and other elements).

Obtaining these technical results in the proposed complex is ensured by the fact that in a complex a metal-smelting tank with an outlet, a bucket and devices necessary and sufficient for supplying elements of different fractions to the metal, according to the proposal, the final part of the devices on the way of feeding elements into the metal is the device containing channel, the working part of which is made of refractory material, and made with the possibility of location in the process of pouring metal between the outlet hole TIFA vessel and a ladle, wherein at said location device longitudinal axis and the outlet channel are identical and coaxial. When this device is equipped with a drive installation with the location of the axis of the channel coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the outlet. In addition, the device is equipped with the possibility of self-installation relative to the outlet of the container with ensuring the alignment of the longitudinal axes of the outlet and the channel. In addition, the device is installed stationary relative to the smelting vessel. Moreover, the device is fixed on the housing of the smelting vessel. In addition, the device and the drive of its movement are installed outside the working area of the smelting vessel. The device is made of a supporting structure and a replaceable canal-containing part. The replaceable canal-containing part is made of graphite. The channel is made of conical and cylindrical parts, while the conical part is the entrance to the channel and the angle of inclination of the conical surface from the vertical is at most equal to 30 °.

The method of influencing the chemical composition of the liquid metal in the ladle and the complex for its implementation is explained by the drawings in FIG. 1-14.

FIG. 1 shows (schematically) a complex metal smelting tank — a ladle for carrying out the method;

in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one;

in fig. 3 - metal smelting capacity complex - ladle for carrying out the method on an open-hearth furnace;

in fig. 4 shows section A-A in FIG. 3;

in fig. 5 shows the delivery of elements into the metal by the screw;

in fig. 6 shows section A-A in FIG. 1 in the case of the filing of elements in the metal at the beginning of the entrance to the channel in several areas along its perimeter;

in fig. 7 shows section A-A in FIG. 5 in the case of the filing of elements in the metal at several sites along the height and perimeter of the channel;

in fig. 8 shows the self-installation of the device relative to the outlet of the metal-smelting tank turned for draining with ensuring the coaxiality of the longitudinal axes of the outlet and the channel;

in fig. 9 shows section A-A in FIG. eight;

in fig. 10 and 11 shows the arrangement of the device and the drive of its movement outside the working area of the smelting vessel (converter);

in fig. 12 - articulation of the carrier and channel-containing (interchangeable) parts of the device;

in fig. 13 shows the execution of a replaceable channel-containing part of the device;

in fig. 14 - schemes of testing the method under laboratory conditions on a cold model.

The metal smelting tank 1 (open-hearth furnace, arc steel-smelting furnace, converter, induction furnace, etc.) is filled with liquid metal 2 (Fig. 1, 3, 8). The container 1 contains an outlet 3 through which the liquid metal in the form of a stream (stream) 4 enters the bucket 5 mounted on the trolley 6 with the ability to move to / from the tank 1. In the process of pouring the liquid metal 2 from the tank 1 into the bucket 5 a stream is formed (jet) 4, characterized (for the jet) with a diameter of b _p and a length of b _p , which is a variable. With regard to the transfusion of liquid metal 2 from the capacity of the open-hearth furnace 1 (Fig. 3) in the process of metal transfusion, a stream 4 is formed with dimensions В _п and Н _п in fig. 4. Between the tank 1 and the bucket 5 a channel 7 is installed, the length of which is 1 _k , the inner diameter b _k (Figs 1, 2, 5-7, 13, 14 and 15); in the case of open-hearth furnace duct 7 is used _for the measurement _p = B, height H _k> _n and H 1 _to length (FIGS. 3 and 4).

In the process of transfusion, the liquid metal in the form of a stream 4 moves along the trajectory P; longitudinal axis

- 2 011081 channel 7 in the figures indicated K. The flow path P and the longitudinal axis of the channel K are identical and in most cases coaxial. An exception is the open-hearth furnace – ladle complex, when the flow path P and the longitudinal axis of channel K are identical, but not coaxial (Fig. 4).

w / ²

The cross section of channel 7 ( ⁴ in most of the figures and B _to –H _to in Fig. 4) slightly exceeds the S section of the I ⁴ > jet or flow (B _p –H _p ), respectively. The marked excess is 1.3-1.4. With a lower excess, the probability of frequent contact of the metal flow (jet) with the channel surface increases, which is undesirable, since violates the uniform fall (movement) of the metal in the stream after exiting the channel 7, thereby increasing the splashing of the metal after exiting the channel. With a greater excess, the inert or inert gas supplied to the gap decreases noticeably, the metal flow to the gap in the channel, and when the elements are freely supplied, their mixing and penetration into the metal flow deteriorates.

The length of channel 1 _to less than the smallest size of the length of the stream 1 _p , which eliminates the likelihood of frequent contact of the surface of the channel 7 with the stream 4 of liquid metal 2. Preferred length 1 _to about

Deoxidizers, desulfuriators and modifying elements are fed into the channel 7 through the pipe (channel)

8. The fraction of the supplied elements can be different: from fine powder to granules. These elements can be fed separately or together. The supply of elements can be free: a fall under the action of its own weight vertically, along an inclined line with a corresponding slope (Fig. 3). The supply of elements can be forced: by injecting gas through a pipe (Fig. 1), by using the screw 9 (Fig. 5), by any other means of forcibly feeding bulk materials. In most types of feed elements use a neutral or inert gas. In this case, gas can be supplied separately from the elements, but more often the supply of gas and elements is combined, i.e. use a single channel input into the stream of liquid metal.

For the supply of elements mainly use the system (Fig. 1), containing the pipeline 8, the container 10, filled with powder and / or granules of the feed elements. When the movable device for feeding elements using flexible pipes (hoses) 8. To the container 10 through the pipe 11 is supplied inert or neutral gas, the flow of which is controlled by the device 12, and the pressure - the device 13; The flow rate of the supplied elements is controlled by the dispenser 14 (when using several containers - for each container is personal).

The pipe 8 can be connected to the inlet of the flow of metal 4 into the channel 7 (Fig. 1). The pipe 8 can be brought into the body 15 of the channel 7, but closer to the entrance to the channel 7 (Fig. 5). At the same time, the supply of elements can be from one pipe 8 brought to channel 7, but elements are also used in several sections of channel 7, for example, three along the perimeter at the beginning of the entrance to channel 7 (Fig. 6) or three along the height and perimeter (Fig. 7), but closer to the entrance to the channel 7.

The body 15 of channel 7 is made of refractory material. It is most preferable to use graphite as this material, which prevents liquid metal from sticking to the inner surface of channel 7. In body 15, channel 7 is made of conical and cylindrical parts (FIG. 13), while the angle of inclination (from vertical) of the conical surface generally does not exceed 30 ° because at large angles, the probability of individual cases of rebound of falling metal parts in stream 4 beyond the body 15 occurs. With regard to the release of metal from an open-hearth furnace, channel 7 is formed by covering the outlet chute 16 with body 15 of refractory material and supporting structure (Fig. 3 and 4).

Thus, for feeding elements into the metal flow 4, a device is used comprising a channel 7, the working part of which is made of refractory material, preferably graphite. The device is made of the carrier part 16 (FIG. 12) and the channel-containing part 15. The channel-containing part 15 is replaceable. The device is arranged to position (in the process of metal transfusion) between the outlet 3 of the smelting tank 1 and the bucket 5, and with the specified arrangement of the device the longitudinal axis 18 of the outlet 3 and the longitudinal axis K of the channel 7 coincide, i.e. are aligned. To fulfill this condition, the device is equipped with the possibility of self-installation and / or movement drive. The device can be fixed on the metal smelting tank 1 (Fig. 3).

In any case, the execution of the device eliminated its negative impact on the work with the smelting tank 1, including the maintenance of the outlet 3.

For self-installation of the device with the channel-containing part, the carrier part 16 of the device is fixed on the body of the container 1 (for example, chipboard) pivotally 17, so that when the container for metal release is turned, the carrier part 16 of the device also rotates so that the longitudinal axis K of channel 7 is coaxially axis 18 of the outlet 3 (Fig. 8 and 9).

To install the device with the channel-containing part 15 during the release of the metal between the outlet 3 of the smelting tank 1 (converter) and the bucket 5 (Fig. 10 and 11), the device is equipped with a drive. Drive options may be different, but in any case, their performance when

- 3 011081 water and the device does not have in the working area of the smelting tank 1 to bring the tank to the position of the release of liquid metal. Also, in any case, the drive must ensure that the metal outlet coincides with the longitudinal axis of the channel 7 (K axis) and the trajectory of the metal flow 4, i.e. axis P.

The device can be driven (Fig. 10), for example, in the form of a rail 16 (it’s the device’s supporting structure 16) and the drive of its movement in the form of a gear 19 driven by the engine 20. In this case, the rollers 21 are the support of the rail 16. On FIG. 10 shows in solid lines the position of the device when it is not in operation, and the dotted line shows it in the working position.

The drive of the device can be made (Fig. 11), for example, in the form of a four-chevs Chebyshev 22 (Fig. 11) and its corresponding drive (in Fig. 11 conventionally not shown).

Other types of device drives are possible when fulfilling the requirements already described for them in terms of the application and location of the device.

The metal smelting tank 1 in the form of a particle board (Fig. 8 and 9) and the converter (Fig. 10 and 11) contain an axis 23 and a mechanism for rotating the tank 1 relative to this axis when implementing the process of pouring metal from the tank 1 into the ladle 5.

The method of influencing the chemical composition of the liquid metal in the ladle is as follows.

Get liquid metal 2 in the tank 1 (Fig. 1, open-hearth furnace in Fig. 2, chipboard in Fig. 3 and 4, the converter in Fig. 10 and 11). Metal 2 is being prepared for release from tank 1 into bucket 2 through an outlet

3. With regard to chipboard and converter capacity is rotated about the axis 23.

In the period of the capacity 1 - bucket 5, a device is introduced with a channel 7 (as applied to the open-hearth furnace in Fig. 2, a channel 7 is formed by the upper part 15 installed above the outlet chute 16 or permanently installed above it). The axis K of the channel 7 and the axis 18 of the outlet 3 are aligned. In this case, the self-installation of the device’s supporting structure 16 (FIGS. 8 and 9) or the drive for moving the supporting structure 16, similar to that shown in FIG. 10 and 11 and in the description of these figures.

Open hole 3, and metal 2 in the form of a stream (jet) 4 rushes down into the bucket 5 along the trajectory P. The trajectory P and the axis K are identical and in most cases coaxial. When implementing the method on open-hearth furnaces, it is difficult to ensure the alignment of the trajectory P and the K axis (see Fig. 4), but in this case the implementation of the method is strictly coaxial and not necessary, their identity is sufficient.

After the bucket 5 has about 10-15 tons of metal (the latter depends on the parameters of the tank 1 and the corresponding size of the bucket 5), deoxidizing agents and / or desulphurisers are fed through the pipe 8 to the metal stream 4, and / or modifying elements.

The supply is carried out by a free fall, including along an inclined line (Fig. 3), gas injection (Fig. 1), auger 9 (Fig. 5) or another method. In each case of the production process, the most convenient way of supplying the elements to the side of the metal 4 stream is chosen. In some cases, especially when the elements are fed in a granular state, by injecting inert or neutral gas supplied through pipe 11 and controlled by devices 12 and 13 (Fig. 1), the elements given are given an increased speed to ensure the introduction of elements (granules) into the metal.

Strictly speaking, when implementing the method, it is desirable to supply an inert or neutral gas along with the supply of elements. But it is possible to implement the method without gas supply or with air supply.

The preference for the use of an inert or neutral gas is due to the increasing wired metal of these gases from oxidation. The latter is due, firstly, to the phenomenon of the inhalation of these gases into the gap between flow 4 and the surface of channel 7 and the sweep of these gases by the flow; secondly, the ingress of part of the gas into the metal stream and with it into the ladle 5. Both noted effects take place during the implementation of the method and improve the quality of the metal in the ladle. The already indicated excess of the dimensions of the channel 7 over the dimensions of the flow 4 provides the described phenomena when implementing the method.

Based on the simplicity of the technical implementation of the method, the supply of elements to the metal is carried out at the inlet of the metal stream 4 to the channel 7 (Fig. 1). Additionally, it uses the presence of a conical part at the entrance to the channel 7 and the already described phenomenon of pulling gas flows into the gap between the flow 4 and the surface of the channel 7.

However, they also implement the supply of elements to the metal flow in different places along the height of the channel 7 (its carrier part 15), see FIG. 5 and 7. The expediency of applying such a supply of elements to the metal stream 4 may be due to purely structural considerations (the location of the complex capacity 1 - ladle 5). However, the preference for such a supply of elements to the metal stream 4 takes place when using elements in a finely dispersed state, when the supply of elements at the inlet to channel 7 leads to a significant dusting of this area of the complex, to additional losses of the supplied elements.

The implementation of the method does not preclude the simultaneous use of the described options for the supply of elements in the stream 4 metal: part - at the entrance to channel 7, the other part - retreating from the entrance to the channel along

- 4 011081 movement of metal flow.

The implementation of the method provides for the possibility of filing elements at the beginning of the entrance to the channel 7 along its perimeter (Fig. 6) or along the height and perimeter of the channel (Fig. 7). Thereby implement the separation of the supplied elements in the stream 4.

Moreover, the implementation of the described supply of elements in several sections of the channel 7 carries out the production of small chemical batches of steel in large metallurgy. In this case, the supply system is equipped with several containers 10 and parts and units 8, 10-14 which ensure their operation (Fig. 1), in each container they form their metered quantity and content of elements. Containers 10 work in turn, with a break in work. During this break, the process of metal transfusion is stopped, for example, by turning the container 1 about the axis 23, the bucket 5 is updated by the trolley 6, then the container 1 is turned into the state of metal 2 being transferred into the bucket 5 and elements are fed into the metal stream 4 from another container 10. the most in each ladle form a small batch of liquid steel of various chemical composition in large metallurgy. Naturally, the implementation of the described technology requires the presence in the steel plant, along with high-capacity buckets, lower-capacity buckets.

Thus, a method has been proposed for influencing the chemical composition of a liquid metal in a ladle and a complex for its implementation at an early stage of casting: before the metal enters the ladle, elements (deoxidizers, desulfuriators and other modifying elements) are introduced into the ladle, which change the chemical composition of steel in the ladle . The flow of this metal stream into the ladle enhances the phenomenon of mixing these elements with the liquid metal, which speeds up the process of homogenization of the chemical composition of the steel in the volume of the ladle. An important technical aspect of the proposed method is to reduce the losses of elements fed into the metal, which, along with the increase in economic indicators, improves the environmental conditions of work at the site of supply of these elements to steel. The technological capabilities of metal production are expanding by creating conditions for the production of small batches of steel of various chemical compositions in large metallurgy.

Example 1. In the cold model (Fig. 14), the smelting tank imitated vessel 1, bucket vessel 5. Vessel 1 had an outlet 3, closed by a stopper (conventionally not shown in Fig. 14). The supporting structure 16 was fastened to the vessel 1, on which the channel-containing body 15 was installed with the channel 7. The longitudinal axis 18 of the hole 3 and the axis K of the channel 7 were coaxial. Channel 7 is made with a conical (inlet) and cylindrical parts. An inclined pipe 8 'was brought to the entrance to the channel 7, in the upper part of which a container 10' was installed. Bulk material 24 '(colored salt, sawdust) was poured into container 10'. The container 10 'is provided with a stopper 25' with a handle that allows opening (closing) the supply of bulk material to the vessel 5 (see arrows).

Water 2 was poured into the vessel 1, the stopper was opened, and the flow of water fell down into the vessel 5 in the form of a jet 4, which was passed inside channel 7. At the same time, the axis K of channel 7 and the trajectory of the jet П fall coincided. After filling about a fourth of the vessel 5, the stopper 25 'was opened and the bulk material 24' was fed through the pipe 8 'into the water stream 4 at the beginning of the channel 7.

In the volume of the vessel 5 received uniformly tinted water. With a similar filling of the vessel 5 with water from the vessel 1 (but without passing the stream 4 of water through channel 7) and supplying the same bulk material to the vessel 5 in the process of filling it with water by the end of the water transfusion process, the water volume in the vessel volume 5 was noticeably more uneven.

Example 2. Under conditions analogous to example 1 (FIG. 14), gas 26 was used to feed bulk material 24 ″ from container 10 ″ to pipe 8 ″ and from it to water 4, which was fed to container 10 ″ after opening plugs 25 ''. Received similar to example 1 picture of the distribution of the dye in the volume of water in the vessel 5.

Example 3. A chipboard 15 with a channel 7 was installed on a chipboard designed to produce about 100 tons of steel in one melt and equipped with an outlet hole located in the bay window, after which the furnace was turned, and a stream of steel was passed from the chipboard to the ladle. In the channel 7, in its beginning, filed an aluminum shot in the amount of 160 kg for 80 seconds. The pressure of injected air was 6 bar at the inlet and about 2.0 bar near channel 7. The feed rate of aluminum shot into the metal stream reached 2.0-2.5 m / s. The fraction had a fraction of 0 1.0–5.0 mm with a predominant size of 0 1.0–2.0 mm. The results were compared with the adopted technology of supplying aluminum in the form of ingots weighing 1011 kg. The consumption of the main alloying elements in both cases was at the same level.

Obtained with almost the same degree of deoxidation of steel in the ladle, the consumption of aluminum according to the existing technology is 1.48 kg / t, when applying the proposed method at the level of 1.17 kg / t, i.e. aluminum consumption decreased by 0.31 kg / ton.

Claims

CLAIM

1. A method of influencing the chemical composition of molten metal in a ladle, including pouring molten metal from a metal smelter through an outlet into a ladle and a system for feeding elements into the metal that affect the chemical composition of the metal in the ladle, characterized in that

- 5 011081 during said transfusion, a metal stream (stream) is passed inside a channel, the length of which is less than the length of this stream, and the cross section slightly exceeds the cross section of the stream, while the metal flow path and the longitudinal axis of the channel are identical and at least at the beginning of the channel at the side of the metal flow serves elements that change the chemical composition of the metal in the bucket.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out together with a neutral or inert gas.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out by their free fall.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out along an inclined line.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out forcibly.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out by injecting gas.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out by a screw.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out in several sections of the channel.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out at the beginning of the entrance to the channel in several sections along its perimeter.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the supply of elements is carried out in several sections along the height and perimeter of the channel.

11. The method according to p. 8, characterized in that the change of the supply areas of the elements, while during the time of the specified change stop the process of metal transfusion and carry out the replacement of the bucket.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the entrance to the channel and in the channel, the metal path is a vertical straight line.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the entrance to the channel and in the channel, the metal path is an inclined line.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements are served in ground and / or granular states.

15. The complex metal-smelting capacity - a ladle for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a metal-smelting capacity with an outlet, a bucket and devices necessary and sufficient for supplying elements of various fractions to the metal, characterized in that the final part of the devices is on the path of feeding the elements to the metal , is a device containing a channel, the working part of which is made of refractory material, and made with the possibility in the process of metal transfusion of the location between the outlet of the tank and the bucket, p Moreover, with the indicated arrangement of the device, the longitudinal axes of the outlet and channel are identical and coaxial.

16. The complex according to p. 15, characterized in that the device is equipped with a drive for its installation with the location of the channel axis coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the outlet.

17. The complex according to p. 15, characterized in that the device is provided with the ability to self-install relative to the outlet of the tank with ensuring alignment of the longitudinal axes of the outlet and the channel.

18. The complex according to p. 15, characterized in that the device is installed stationary relative to the metal melting capacity.

19. The complex according to p. 16 and 17, characterized in that the device is mounted on a metal-melting container body.

20. The complex according to p. 16, characterized in that the device and the drive for moving it are installed outside the working area of the metal-smelting tank.

21. The complex according to p. 15, characterized in that the device is made of a supporting structure and a removable channel-containing part.

22. The complex of claim 15, wherein the removable channel-containing part is made of graphite.

23. The complex according to p. 15, characterized in that the channel is made of conical and cylindrical parts, while the conical part is the entrance to the channel and the angle of inclination of the conical surface from the vertical is at most equal to 30 °.