EA008515B1 - Method for producing lubricant additive (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to petroleum chemistry, more specifically to sulfur-containing molybdenum compounds and to the use thereof in the form of lubricant additives which decrease friction coefficient.In the first variant, molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles and the derivatives thereof are produced from thio-molybdenum acid salts of the general formula MMoSO, wherein M=NH, Na, x=0-3 in the presence of two modifiers, one of them being embodied in the form of tetra-alkyl-ammonium salts or a mixture of salt of the general formula RRRR>NX, wherein R, R, Rand Requal or different are selected from a group containing C-Calkyl, X=Cl, Br, the second modifier being embodied in the form of a succinimide of the general formula Formulawherein R= straight or branched-chain alkyl or oligoalkylene whose molar mass ranges from 140 to about 1000, Ris selected from a group comprising H, -C(=O)NH, -(CHCHNH)CH, n=1-4. The process is carried out by means of a thermal treatment which is homogenised in the polar solvent of the mixture of a thio-molybdenum acid salt and the first or second modifier, cooling the thus produced mixture and a subsequently adding the second or the first modifier, respectively.In the second variant, the inventive method consists in producing molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles and the derivatives thereof from molybdenum acid salts of the formula MMoO, wherein M=NH, Na, and a sulphur donator embodied in the form of an inorganic sulphide or a polysulfide of the general formula M'2Sn, wherein M'= M=NH, Na, n=1-4, or a thiocarbamide, afterwards, the first variant being used.In the proposed method, according to any variant, the thermal processing is carried out at a temperature of 150 to 220°C. for 1-2 hours, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, 2-butanol, acetone or benzene are used as the solvent.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of petrochemistry, and more particularly to sulfur-containing compounds of molybdenum and their use as additives to lubricants that reduce the coefficient of friction.

State of the art

It is well known that to save fuel consumption and to reduce wear of machine parts during friction, antifriction additives (friction modifiers) are introduced into lubricating oils. It is also known that, as friction modifiers, oil-soluble complex compounds of molybdenum are used, including sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus atoms as ligands.

So, for example, in US patent [1] describes a method of obtaining additives to a lubricating oil based on tetraalkyl (alkenyl) ammonium thiomolybdate, which improves the antifriction properties of the oil. The disadvantages of the proposed method include the use of one of the starting components, namely tetraalkylammonium halides, as hydrocarbon radicals of rather inaccessible and expensive alkyl and alkenyl groups of vegetable oils and fats, for example cocoa or soybean oil.

A known method [2], in which additives to lubricating oils are obtained by the reaction of a sulfur-containing organic compound having a mobile hydrogen atom, with molybdenum pentachloride. The product isolated as a result of the reaction contained 3% molybdenum and about 1% chlorine, which is undesirable for environmental reasons and because of the possible corrosive activity of the product.

The molybdenum-containing oil additive exhibiting antifriction and antioxidant properties is obtained, as described in US patent [3], in three stages, where the vegetable oil triglyceride is reacted with the nitrogen-containing compound in the first stage, and the product is reacted with the molybdenum compound in the second and the third - the reaction of the obtained product with sulfur or with a sulfur-containing compound. The disadvantages of the method include a rather complex synthesis route (multi-stage, the presence of an inert atmosphere, strictly limited temperature ranges).

Known methods [4, 5], where additives to oils are obtained on the basis of dithiocarbamine complexes of molybdenum. These additives have multifunctional (including antifriction) properties, but their synthesis is very complicated and involves the use of toxic reagents, such as carbon disulfide.

There is a method according to which an additive to oils is obtained on the basis of a mixture of a friction modifier (nitrogen or oxygen-containing organic compound) with a trinuclear sulfur-containing molybdenum complex, including dithiocarbamine groups as ligands [6]. The disadvantages of the method include the complex composition of the additive and multi-stage synthesis of the organomolybdenum compound.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is the method [7], in which the antifriction additive is obtained in the form of chemically modified nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide. In this method, molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles are obtained by forming inverted water-in-oil microemulsions stabilized with surfactants and containing water-soluble salts of molybdenum acid in the aqueous phase, converting them into thiomolybdenum acid salts by reaction with hydrogen sulfide and subsequent isolation of Mo8 ₃ nanoparticles pretreated with modifying connections. As a result, stable molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles, which are highly effective as antifriction additives, are obtained in hydrocarbon media, including oils. The disadvantages of this method include the low adaptability of the synthesis of additives associated with the process in highly diluted organic solutions, and using hydrogen sulfide as a reagent.

The objective of the proposed invention is to develop a convenient and technologically advanced method for producing additives to lubricants based on chemically modified nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives.

Disclosure of invention

To solve this problem, the present method of obtaining additives for lubricants, providing two options for its implementation.

According to the first embodiment, in the method for producing additives for lubricants based on chemically modified nanosized particles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives, nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives are obtained from salts of thiomolybdenum acid of the general formula Μ ₂ Μοδ ₄ . _χ Ο _χ , where Μ = ΝΗ ₄ , No., x = 0-3, in the presence of two modifiers, of which tetraalkylammonium salts or mixtures of salts of the general formula I are used as the first ^! I ² I ³ I ⁴ MX, where K ¹ , I ² , I ³ and I ⁴ , the same or different, are selected from the group consisting of C1-C1alkyl, X = C1, W, and, as the second, succinimide derivatives of the general formula

where I ⁵ = straight or branched alkyl or oligoalkylene with a molecular weight of from 140 to about 1000, I ^{6 is} selected from the group consisting of Η, -0 (= Ο) ΝΗ ₂ , - (CH ₂ CH ₂ XN) _P CH ₃ , and = 1-4, moreover, the process is carried out by heat treatment of a mixture of a salt of thiomolybdenum acid and a first or second modifier homogenized in a polar solvent, cooling the resulting mixture and then adding a second or first modifier, respectively.

The second embodiment of the method according to the invention is that nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives are obtained from salts of molybdenum acid of the formula M ₂ MoO ₄ , where Μ = ΝΗ ₄ , Νη and a sulfur donor, which is used as an inorganic sulfide or polysulfide of the general formula M ' ₂ § _n , where Μ' = ΝΗ ₄ , No., and = 1-4, or thio urea, in the presence of two modifiers, of which tetraalkylammonium salts or mixtures of salts of the general formula I are used as the first ^! I ² I ³ I ⁴ MX, where I ^1, I ^2, I ³ and I ^4, identical or different, are selected from the group consisting of C1-C1 ₆ alkyl, X = C1, W, and as a second - derivatives of succinimide total formulas

where I ⁵ = straight or branched alkyl or oligoalkylene with a molecular weight of 140 to about 1000, I ^{6 is} selected from the group consisting of Η, -0 '(= Ο) ΝΗ _; . - (CH ₂ CH ₂ 1 \ 1H) _P CH ₃ , and = 1-4, the process being carried out by heat treatment of a mixture of a molybdenum acid salt homogenized in a polar solvent, a sulfur donor and the first and / or second modifier, cooling the resulting mixture and subsequent adding a second and / or first modifier, respectively.

In the proposed method according to any embodiment, the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 150-220 ° C for 1-2 hours, and methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, acetone or benzene are used as solvent .

The tetraalkylammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat® 336), methyltrialkyl (C8-Syu) ammonium chloride (Adogen® 464), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).

The product obtained according to any variant of the method is filtered to separate solid impurities and residues of volatile organic solvents are removed in vacuo. The entire preparation process can be carried out in one vessel without intermediate stages of isolation and / or purification, without involving large quantities of organic solvents.

The resulting product is a dark brown viscous liquid that mixes easily with hydrocarbons and petroleum oils to form clear solutions or compositions having a red-brown to brown color. The molybdenum content in the product is usually from 0.5 to 2.0 wt.%. Solutions of the obtained product are stable dispersions of surface-modified molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles, which is confirmed by the data of electron spectroscopy in the UV and visible region (Fig. 1) and small-angle X-ray scattering (8AX8) (Fig. 2). The 8AX8 method allows one to determine the sizes of the inorganic core of nanoparticles, which are in the range from 1 to 6 nm and, in contrast to the surface-modified nanoparticles described in [7], are characterized by a monodisperse size distribution. The latter circumstance suggests a higher degree of reproducibility of the synthesis.

The following examples illustrate the present invention, but in no way limit its scope.

Example 1

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, 3.0 g of methyltrialkyl (C ₈ -Cyu) ammonium chloride (Adogen® 464) and 5 ml of methanol, was subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours , the remainder of the product is 30% of the total initial mass of the components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, a blue ribbon is filtered through a filter, and the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.22%. In the UV spectrum of the obtained product there are no absorption bands corresponding to ammonium tetratiomolybdate.

Example 2

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, 3.0 g of tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat® 336) and 5 ml of methanol is subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours, the remainder of the product is 29% of the total initial mass of components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, as in claim 1, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.25%.

Example 3

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, 3.0 g

-2008515 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and 10 ml of a 1: 1 methanol-chloroform mixture are subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours, the remainder of the product is 55% of the total initial mass of the components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.36%.

Example 4

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, 1.5 g of CTAB and 1.5 g of Adogen® and 10 ml of a 1: 1 methanol-chloroform mixture was subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours , the remainder of the product is 42% of the total initial mass of the components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.38%.

Example 5

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, 3.0 g of Adogen® and 5 ml of methanol was subjected to heat treatment at 180 ° C for 2 hours, the remainder of the product was 29% of the initial weight of the components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.19%.

Example 6

The homogeneous mixture was obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, 3.0 g adogen ^® and 5 ml of methanol, subjected to heat treatment at 210 ° C for 2 hours, the product residue is 27.5% of the initial weight of the components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.25%.

Example 7

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.24 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, 3.0 g of Adogen® and 5 ml of acetone, is subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours, the remainder of the product is 26.2% of the initial weight of the components. 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 2.92%.

Example 8

The homogeneous mixture was obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.12 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, 3.0 g adogen ^® and 5 ml of methanol, subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours, the product residue is 28.2% of the initial weight of the components. 4.2 g of an alkenyl succinimide derivative of urea and 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue of the product, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.22%.

Example 9

The homogeneous mixture was obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.24 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, 3.0 g adogen ^® and 5 ml of methanol, subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours, the product residue is 30.1% of the original total weight of the components . 4.2 g of a алки-alkyleneamine derivative of alkenylsuccinimide and 5 ml of chloroform were added to the residue, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered, the solvent was removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.19%.

Example 10

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that ethanol is used instead of methanol.

Example 11

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that propanol is used instead of methanol.

Example 12

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that isopropanol is used instead of methanol.

Example 13

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that instead of methanol, n-butanol is used.

Example 14

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that isobutanol is used instead of methanol.

Example 15

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that instead of methanol, sec-butanol is used.

Example 16

The production method according to example 9, characterized in that instead of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, ammonium trithiomolybdate is used.

Example 17

The production method according to example 9, characterized in that instead of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, ammonium dithiomolybdate is used.

- 3 008515

Example 18

The production method according to example 9, characterized in that instead of ammonium tetratiomolybdate, ammonium monothiomolybdate is used.

Example 19

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.0095 g of ammonium molybdate and 0.0113 g of No. ₂ 8-9H ₂ O. and 0.0360 g of Adogen® in 1 ml of benzene is subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 30 min. The remainder of the product after heat treatment is 48% of the total mass of the starting components. 0.0420 g of alkenyl succinimide, 5 ml of chloroform are added to the residue, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, a blue ribbon is filtered through a filter, then the solvent is removed in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.35%.

Example 20

The production method according to example 1, characterized in that at first 0.12 g of ammonium tetratiomolybdate and 4.2 g of alkenyl succinimide are homogenized, the mixture is heat treated at 180200 ° C for 1 h, then 3.0 g of Adogen® is added to the residue, homogenized and subjected to heat treatment at 180-200 ° C for 1 h. The residue is dissolved in chloroform, filtered, the solvent is removed in vacuo. The result is a product with a molybdenum content of 0.66%.

Example 21

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.0102 g of ammonium molybdate, 0.0320 g of Adogen®, and 0.0101 g of thiourea, and 5 ml of benzene, was subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C for 2 hours. The remainder of the product after heat treatment is 43.0% of the total mass of the starting components. 5 ml of chloroform, 0.042 g of alkenyl succinimide were added to the residue and stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered and then the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 2.35%.

Example 22

A homogeneous mixture obtained by stirring at 60 ° C 0.0101 g of ammonium molybdate, 0.0315 g of Adogen®, 0.0145 g Νη ₂ 8 ₂ Ο ₃ · 5Η ₂ Ο and 5 ml of benzene, is subjected to heat treatment at 200 ° C within 2 hours. The remainder of the product after heat treatment is 39.0% of the total mass of the starting components. 5 ml of chloroform, 0.042 g of alkenyl succinimide were added to the residue and stirred with a magnetic stirrer, filtered and then the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The molybdenum content in the product is 1.31%.

All results are summarized in the table below.

Example No. Ibdenic acid thiamel salt (amount, g) Quaternary ammonium salt (amount, g) Inorganic sulfide (amount, g) Derivative of succinimide (amount, g) Synthesis temperature Stage 1 ° C Stage 2, “C one (ΝΗ ₄ ) _Ι Μο5 ₄ (Oh 12 Adogen® 464 (3.0) Not II. 1 (4.2) 60 200 2 (ΝΗ ₄ ) ₂ Μο5 ₄ (0.12) / methanol Aliquat® 336 (3.0) Not 11.1 (45) 60 200 3 СМН4ЪМо3 ₄ (0Д2) / meta CTAB (3.0) Not 11.1 (4.2) 60 200 4 (ΝΗ ₄ ) ₂ Μο5 ₄ (0D2) / methanol CTAB: Adogen 1: 1 (3.0) Not 11.1 (4.2) 60 200 5 (ΝΙΙ ₄ ) ₂ Μο84 (0D2 Umethanol Adogen (3.0) 1 [em 11.1 (4.2) 60 180 6 (ΝΗ ₄ ) ₂ Μϋδ ₄ (0.12) / methanol Adogen (3.0) Pet 11.1 (4.2) 60 210 7 (ΝΗ ₄ ), Μο8 ₄ (0.24) / methane Adogen (3.0) Not IL (4.2) 60 200 8 (B, ^r 1C)? Mo $ 4 (0.12) 7 methane Adogen (3.0) 11 years 11.2 (4.2) 60 200 nine (UN ₄ ) ₂ Mo $ 4 (0.12 Umetano l Adogen (3.0) Not 11.3 (4.2) 60 200 10 (ΜΗ ₄ ) ₂ Μοδ ₄ (0.12) / ethanol Adogen (3.0) Not P. 1 (4.2) 60 200 eleven (EPGSCHMOID (0L2Upropanol Adogen (3.0) Not PL (4.2) 60 200 12 (MH ^ MoZl (OD 2) / isopropane l Adogen (3.0) Not II. 1 (4.2) 60 200 thirteen (ΝΗρ, ΜοΚ, ι (0.12U1 [-butanol Adogen (3.0) Not PL (4.2) 60 200 14 (ΝϋιΙιΜοΞ ·) (0.12 Uisobutanol Adogen (3.0) Not PL (4.2) 60 200 fifteen (ΝΗ ₄ ) ₂ Μο84Ϊ042} / _Β τορ- butanol Adogen (3.0) Not II. 1 (4.2) 60 200 sixteen (Ν H ^ MoO3s (0.12) / methanol Adogen (3.0) Not 11.1 (4.2) 60 200 17 (ΝΗιί ^ ΜοΟίδϊ (0.15 Umstanol Adogen (3.0) Not PL (4.2) 60 200 eighteen (ΝΗίΙίΜοΰ, Κ (0.21) / mstaiol Adogen (3.0) Not PL (4.2) 60 200 nineteen (UNLUMOTOM (0.0095 Ubenzene Adogen (0.03) 1.a _; 8 (0,0119) 11.1 (0.04) 60 200 twenty (ΝΗ4) ₃ Μο $ 4 (0D2 Umethanol Adogen (3.0) ί 1et P. 1 (4.2) 60 200 21 (Minigap) ₆ Mo7O _r4 (0,0095Ubenzol Adogen (0.03) Thiourea (0.01) 11.1 (0.04) 60 200 22 (ΝΗ ^ ΜοϊΟμ (0.0095) / benzene Adogen (0.03) Na ₂ 5 ₂ 0s 5H ₃ 0 (0.01) PL (0.04) 60 200

Below are the characteristics of samples of antifriction additives based on surface-modified nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide obtained in examples 1-22.

-4008515

Sample No. Yield,% weight The concentration of molybdenum,% weight. Mo ratio: 8, mol / mop The average particle size, And O-1 26.1 1.22 1: 2.5 27.3 0-2 31.3 1.25 1: 2.7 32,4 0-3 20.3 1.36 1: 3.1 28.1 0-4 22.0 1.38 1: 2,8 28,4 0-5 22.4 1.19 1: 2.9 26.7 0-6 27.5 1.25 1: 2.7 ss s 0-7 33.8 2.92 1: 2.9 30.5 0-8 31,2 1.22 1: 2.6 29.0 0-9 35.9 1.19 1: 2.5 29.6 0-10 37,4 1,08 1: 3,2 28.9 0-11 27.6 1.32 1: 2.7 29.4 0-12 21.1 1.40 1: 2.7 27.9 0-13 25.8 1,11 1: 2.5 26.9 0-14 19.7 2.03 1: 2,8 26.8 0-15 26.1 1,56 1: 2.1 24.7 0-16 22.6 1.34 1: 1.8 31,4 0-17 35,2 0.98 1: 1,1 34.3 0-18 20.3 2,56 1: 2,3 28.1 0-19 15.9 1.35 1: 2.6 28,2 0-20 30.5 0.66 1: 2.7 27,2 0-21 27.0 2,35 1: 3.0 26.7 0-22 20.6 1.31 1: 3.1 29.6

Tribological properties of the obtained nanoparticles

The tribological properties of the obtained antifriction additives based on surface-modified molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles were studied for their compositions in T46 turbine oil using an 8VU vibrotribometer (Ορΐπηοΐ company, Germany). Test conditions: ball-plane friction pair; oscillation amplitude 1 mm, frequency 50 Hz; the axial load varies from 20 to 600 N in steps, for 1 min each platform, in increments of 50 N. The value of the coefficient of friction is measured, the test is considered completed if the value of the coefficient of friction exceeds 0.22 or if scoring occurs (automatic stop). Oil compositions were prepared by mixing T46 with 5 wt.% Samples O-1 - 0-22. As a comparison sample, surface-modified molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles prepared in accordance with [7] (sample [Mo8 _x ]), as well as molybdenum dithiocarbamate of formula III, are used.

15O-C ((H | 7 \

Ν — C

/ yo-svnp ^ bo-sznr w

Below are tribological test data for some samples.

Sample No. The amount of Mo in oil, parts per MILLION Minimum coefficient of friction Critical load, N 0-1 670 0,065 Not 0-2 625 0,065 Not 0-4 690 0,065 Not 0-19 675 0,066 600 0-21 1175 0,060 Not sample [Mo8 _x ] 650 0,065 600 Dithiocarbamate Mo III 1000 0,067 550

Thus, the proposed method allows to obtain an antifriction additive based on surface-modified nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide, which forms transparent, stable dispersions in hydrocarbons and petroleum oils, and also effectively reduces the friction coefficient between metal surfaces and increases the critical load of solvents in

-5008515 vacuum. The entire preparation process can be carried out in one vessel without intermediate stages of isolation and / or purification, without involving large quantities of organic solvents.

Sources of information taken into account

1. Pat. US No. 4,400,282 (08/23/1983).

2. Pat. USA No. 4,474,673 (10/02/1984).

3. Pat. US No. 4,765,918 (08/23/1988).

4. Pat. US No. 6,117,826 (09/12/2000).

5. Pat. US No. 6,245,725 (06/12/2001).

6. Pat. Great Britain No. 2 359 092 (08/15/2001).

7. Application for US patent No. 0 01/94504 A2 (12/13/2001).

Claims (4)

CLAIM 1. A method of obtaining additives to lubricants based on chemically modified nano-sized particles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives, characterized in that the nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives are obtained from thiomolybdic acid salts of the general formula Μ ₂ Μοδ ₄ . _χ Ο _χ , where Μ = ΝΗ ₄ , No., x = 0-3, in the presence of two modifiers, of which tetraalkylammonium salts or mixtures of salts of the general formula K K K ΝΧ, where B, are used as the first. AT . B and I ⁴ , the same or different, are selected from the group including C1-C1 alkyl, X = C1, W, and as the second, derivatives of succinimide of the general formula where I ⁵ = normal or branched alkyl or oligoalkylene with molecular weight from 140 to about 1000, I ⁶ choose from the group including Η, - €. '(= Ο) _; . - (CH ₂ CH ₂ XH) _P CH ₃ , and = 1-4, moreover, the process is conducted by thermal processing of a mixture of the salt of thiomolybdic acid and the first or second modifier, homogenized in a polar solvent, and then adding the second or first modifier, respectively . 2. The method of obtaining additives to lubricants based on chemically modified nano-sized particles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives, characterized in that the nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide and its derivatives are obtained from molybdic acid salts of the formula M ₂ Moo ₄ , where Μ = ΝΗ ₄ , η and donor sulfur, which is used as an inorganic sulfide or polysulfide of the general formula M ' ₂ 8 _n , where Μ' = ΝΗ ₄ , №, and = 1-4, or thio urea, in the presence of two modifiers, of which tetraalkylammonium salts are used as the first and are mixtures of salts of general formula I ^! I ² I ³ I ⁴ MX, where I ¹ , I ² , I ³ and I ⁴ , the same or different, are chosen from the group comprising C1-C1 ₆ alkyl, X = C1, W, and as the second - derivatives of succinimide total formulas where I ⁵ = normal or branched alkyl or oligoalkylene with a molecular weight of from 140 to about 1000, I ^{6 is} chosen from the group comprising, -Ε '(= Ο) _; . - (ΟΗ ₂ ΟΗ ₂ ΝΗ) _η ΟΗ ₃ , and = 1-4, and the process is carried out by heat treatment of a mixture of molybdic acid salt, sulfur donor and the first or second modifier homogenized in a polar solvent, cooling the mixture and then adding the second or first modifier, respectively. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 150220 ° C for 1-2 hours 4. The method according to π. 1 or 2, characterized in that, as the solvent, use is methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, acetone or benzene. -6008515 Electronic spectrum of a solution of modified molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles in chloroform Size distribution of modified nanoparticles of molybdenum trisulfide (data 8АХ8. Solution in tetrahydrofuran)