EA006905B1 - Method of salvaging sunken object - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to raising sunken objects, such as ships, vessels, air planes etc. Object – to increase work efficiency for raising a sunken object, cutting man-hours and speed-up the salvaging operations. A method is characterized in that after submerging salvaging means the bond between the object and sea floor is initially to be loosened and further the soil beneath the object is to be washed out or blown-out, simultaneously cables or power gusset plates (perpendicular to the object's length) are driven under the object's hull and further connected to pneumatic salvage pontoons thus adding positive buoyancy to the object, after which the object is moved to shallow water.

Description

The invention relates to the work of raising sunken objects, such as ships, ships, aircraft, etc.

There is a method of lifting a sunken object, which consists in lowering under water and fixing lifting objects on the object, giving the object a positive buoyancy, weakening its adhesion forces with the ground (USSR, auth. St. No. 906789, publ. 23.02.82) .

In the known method, the forces of adhesion of a sunken object to the ground are weakened by an explosion, for which purpose they drill holes under the object, lay an explosive in them and produce an explosion.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to drill in the area of the object for laying explosives in them, which complicates and increases the cost of lifting the sunken object, lengthens the timing of their implementation.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency of work on lifting the sunken object, reducing labor costs and accelerating work. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known method of lifting a sunken object, which consists in lowering the water and fixing the lifting means on the object, giving the object a positive buoyancy, weakening its adhesion forces with the ground, after launching the lifting means under water, initially weaken the forces adhesion of the object with the ground, for which hydrocontrollers are installed under the sunken object and move them along the object from both sides towards each other, rinsing or blowing the surface along object after the object is fed by jetting power gussets with fixing ropes, which are then combined with the elastic pontoons, the pontoons are filled with a gaseous medium to a predetermined pressure, giving positive buoyancy object, performed its lifting and transportation in shallow water. Special durable elastic shells filled with gas can be placed into the internal filled volumes of the sunken object to displace water from the submerged volumes.

The proposed method is illustrated by drawings, which depicts a sunken object and means for lifting. FIG. 1 is a depiction of a sunken object and the beginning of underwater operations; in FIG. 2 shows a sunken object and lifting means; FIG. 3 - transportation of the sunken object.

The way to lift the sunken object is as follows. Having a connection with surface rescue vessels 1 (Fig. 2), lifting means are elastic pontoons 2 (Fig. 2), hydro-monitors 3 (Fig. 1) and kevlar or any other power kerchiefs 4 (Fig. 1) rolled down in a roll, respectively. under water to the sunken object 5 (Fig. 1).

Initially, the weakening of the adhesion forces of the sunken object 5 is effected. Hydraulic monitor 3 is brought under the sunken object 5, which can be a structure in the form of an arc segment or a U-shaped profile made of a pipe with nozzles. Water is pumped into the inside of the pipe under high pressure from the flood vessel 1 (FIG. 2). Trickles of water, escaping from a set of nozzles, erode the bottom soil and silt. The motor 3 moves under the bottom and the submerged part of the sides of the sunken object 5, gradually washing its way into the bottom silt. The hydromonitor is moved by 3 power cables located on the winch, located on surface vessels.

Following the hydromonitor 3, the roll moves with the wound power gusset 4. As the hydromonitor 3 moves in the space washed behind it under the body of the sunken object 5, the power gland 4 is washed out of the roll. network. The power kerchief 4 is unwound by cables attached to the ends of the coiled roll power kerchief 4 and facing the winch located on the flood vessels 1 (Fig. 2). Hydromonitor 3 and the roll behind it with a power kerchief 4 can be moved with one winch.

The hull of the sunken object 5 remains in “sagging”, which means in a weakened state only in a small area where the jetting device 3 is currently working and the mud has been washed out of the hull. The soil and silt, washed out by the hydromonitor 3, settle as the hydromonitor 3 moves and the power gusset 4 is placed behind it, and the space behind the power gusset 4 is gradually filled with silt and soil, and the body of the sunken object 5 rests on the ground again.

When advancing hydromonitor 3 on its way under the body of the sunken object 5, there may be an obstacle in the form of separate stones (boulders) that impede the movement of hydromonitor 3. To overcome this obstacle, hydromonitor 3 can be equipped with special sensors to determine the presence and approximate size of the obstacle. When an obstacle is detected, the decision is made to change the depth of the wiring of the monitor 3, and it overcomes the obstacle, bypassing it either from above, that is, closer to the body, or from below, in which case the obstacle in the form of boulders will be pressed to the body with a power scarf 4.

Wiring power scarves 4 perform on both sides with the bow and stern of the sunken object 5. In this case, with high probability we can expect successful wiring power scarves 4.

The power kerchief 4 attached to the body of the sunken object 5 is fastened to the power seals of the pontoons 2 through the power cables 6 (Fig. 2).

The power scarf 3 fits snugly and evenly to the body and evenly transmits forces to the system of power cables 6 fixed to the pontoons 2.

- 1 006905

The pontoons 2 from the overflow vessel 1 through the hoses (or at a sufficiently large depth in another way) are filled with air, and the lifting force of the pontoons 2 can be precisely controlled. On each pontoon 2 there is an air valve controlled from the overwater vessel 1.

Changing the air supply to the pontoons 2 and venting it through the air valves as needed, you can get the necessary lift force, change the amount of lift force along the length of the hull, thus you can create any rolls and lift angles.

To remove the force from the pontoon shell, it is proposed to apply a cable network. In this case, it is possible to manufacture the pontoon cover from a light, air-tight synthetic fabric.

Power loads perceive the cable network, and the fabric takes the load and transfers them to the network only on the area of one cell of the power network.

Some possible cable distortions and uneven distribution of the weight of the sunken object 5 along the power cables are smoothed by elastic stretching of one of the cables before all cables of the system come into operation. By this it is possible to achieve uniform automatic distribution of the load on the power cables.

In addition, in some cases, under the object, you can skip across the length of a series of cables that are in elastic sleeves, through which washing or blowing under the object of cylindrical channels, through which the cables are pulled, and then the latter are connected to the pontoons.

Provided that all the compartments of the sunken object 5 are completely flooded with water, it is possible to somewhat reduce the necessary lifting force by placing elastic shells inside the object, which can be filled with gas and at the same time force the water out.

Thus, the necessary lifting force that needs to be applied can be significantly reduced.

Having given the sunken object 5 a positive buoyancy, it is transported to shallow water (Fig. 3).

Thus, the technical and economic effect of the use of the invention is to reduce labor costs and accelerate the work to lift the sunken object. In some cases, this method of lifting may be the only possible, for example, in the case of a breach of the integrity of a sunken object.

Claims (3)

1. The method of lifting a sunken object, which consists in lowering the underwater means and securing the lifting means on the object, giving the object positive buoyancy, weakening its adhesion to the ground, characterized in that after the lifting means are lowered into the water, they first weaken the forces adhesion of the object to the ground, for which hydromonitors are installed under the sunken object and move them along the object from two sides towards each other, washing or blowing the surface under the object, following the guide omonitorami object under fed, unwinding from a roll, police gussets with fixing ropes, which are then combined with elastic pontoons, the pontoons are filled with a gaseous medium to a predetermined pressure, giving positive buoyancy object, performed its ascent to the desired depth and transport in shallow water. 2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that a series of cables located in elastic sleeves are passed under the object perpendicularly to its length, through which the cylindrical channels through which the cables are pulled and flushed or blown under the object are passed through and then the latter are connected to the pontoons. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a system of special elastic shells is placed in the internal, flooded with water volumes of the sunken object, which are filled with a gaseous medium to effect water displacement.