DK2872775T3 - Fremgangsmåde og indretning til at styre en vindmølle - Google Patents

Fremgangsmåde og indretning til at styre en vindmølle Download PDF

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Publication number
DK2872775T3
DK2872775T3 DK13713792.3T DK13713792T DK2872775T3 DK 2872775 T3 DK2872775 T3 DK 2872775T3 DK 13713792 T DK13713792 T DK 13713792T DK 2872775 T3 DK2872775 T3 DK 2872775T3
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Denmark
Prior art keywords
pitch angle
rotor
rotational speed
wing
speed
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DK13713792.3T
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Esbensen
Ramakrishnan Krishna
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Siemens Ag
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Publication of DK2872775T3 publication Critical patent/DK2872775T3/da

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0276—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling rotor speed, e.g. variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0296—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor to prevent, counteract or reduce noise emissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
    • F05B2270/1033—Power (if explicitly mentioned)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimise the performance of a machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/327—Rotor or generator speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/335—Output power or torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Fremgangsmåde til at styre en vindmølle (100) med en rotor (109), med hvilken mindst én rotorvinge (107) er forbundet, hvor fremgangsmåden omfatter: at drive rotoren i overensstemmelse med en første referencerotationshastighed (219); og at drive rotoren i overensstemmelse med en anden referencerotationshastighed (227), som ligger over den første referencerotationshastighed, hvis en vingepitchvinkel (213) af rotorvinge overstiger en vingepitchvinkeltærskel-værdi (225).
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvor rotoren drives i overensstemmelse den første referencerotationshastighed (219), hvis svingningen af en faktisk rotationshastighed af rotoren overstiger en anden svingningstærskelværdi, som ligger over svingningstærskelværdien, og/eller hvis vingepitchvinklen af rotorvingen falder under en anden vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdi (231), som er under, især med 1° til 3°, vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdien (225).
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1 eller 2, vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdien (225, 309,409) ligger over en optimal vingepitchvinkel (307, 407), med hvilken en optimal effektkoefficient (304) er forbundet, hvor rotoren drives i overensstemmelse med den anden referencerotationshastighed (227), især hvis en svingning af en faktisk rotationshastighed af rotoren falder under en svingningstærskelværdi.
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 3, hvor en formindskelse (ACpl, ACp2) af effektkoefficienten med stigende vingepitchvinkel er mindre ved den optimale vingepitchvinkel (307) end ved vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdien (309).
5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 3 eller 4, hvor en aerodynamisk trækkraftkoefficient (Ct) er større ved den optimale vingepitchvinkel (407) end ved vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdien (409).
6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af de foregående krav, hvor styrbarheden af rotoren er bedre ved pitchvinkler over pitchvinkeltærskelværdien (225,307,407) end ved pitchvinkler under vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdien.
7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af de foregående krav, hvor den anden referencerotationshastighed (227) bestemmes på basis af den faktiske vingepitch-vinkel, især på basis af en afvigelse af vingepitchvinklen fra vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdien.
8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af de foregående krav, hvor ændring i driften af rotoren i overensstemmelse den første referencerotationshastighed til drift af rotoren i overensstemmelse med den anden referencerotationshastighed omfatter: at levere et styresignal, som angiver den anden referencerotationshastighed, til en turbinestyreenhed (123); at bestemme en formindskelse af en faktisk pitchvinkel på basis af et forhold mellem effektkoefficient (Cp, 303) og vingepitchvinkel (301); og at formindske vingepitchvinklen i overensstemmelse med den fastsatte formindskelse af vingepitchvinklen.
9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af de foregående krav, hvor drift af rotoren i overensstemmelse med en anden referencerotationshastighed (227) udføres, hvis vingepitchvinklen af rotorvinge er i et pitchvinkelomfang, som omfatter pitchvinkler over vingepitchvinkeltærskelværdi og under en yderligere pitchvinkeltærskelværdi.
10. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor drift af rotoren i overensstemmelse med en første referencerotationshastighed (219) udføres i et vingehastighedsomfang (223), hvor den faktiske rotationshastighed i det væsentlige holdes konstant i overensstemmelse med den første referencerotationshastighed, hvor vingepitchvinklen justeres inden for vingehastighedsomfanget (223) ved at forøge vingepitchvinklen med forøgelse af vindhastigheden.
11. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 10, hvor drift af rotoren i overensstemmelse med en anden referencerotationshastighed (227) udføres i et yderligere vin- gehastighedsomfang (237) over vindhastighedsomfanget (223).
12. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af de foregående krav, hvor udgangseffekt (239) af vindmøllen under driften af rotoren i overensstemmelse den anden referencerotationshastighed (237) forøges i forhold til (221) under drift af rotoren i overensstemmelse med den første referencerotationshastighed (219).
13. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 12, yderligere omfattende: at overvåge mindst én elektrisk komponent (111,115,119) af vindmøllen til en driftstilstand; at forøge (133) udgangseffekten under driften af rotoren i overensstemmelse med den anden referencerotationshastighed (227), hvis den overvågede driftstilstand af den elektriske komponent gør det muligt at forøge udgangseffekten.
14. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 12, hvor den elektriske komponent af vindmøllen omfatter mindst én af: en omformer (111); en transformer (119); et kabel; en kondensator; en induktor; og et filter, hvor driftstilstanden af komponenten omfatter mindst én definition af: en temperatur af komponenten; en afkøling af komponenten; og en elektrisk belastning af komponenten.
15. Indretning (103) til at styre en vindmølle (100) med en rotor (109), med hvilken mindst én rotorvinge (107) er forbundet, hvor fremgangsmåden omfatter: en styreenhed (123) til vingehastighed og -pitch, der er indrettet til at drive rotoren i overensstemmelse med en første referencerotationshastighed (219), hvor styreenheden (123) til vingehastighed og -pitch er programmeret til at drive rotoren i overensstemmelse med en anden referencerotationshastighed (227), som ligger over den første referencerotationshastighed, hvis en vinge-pitchvinkel af rotorvinge (107) overstiger en vingepitchvinkeltærskel (225).
DK13713792.3T 2012-09-28 2013-03-21 Fremgangsmåde og indretning til at styre en vindmølle DK2872775T3 (da)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12186571 2012-09-28
PCT/EP2013/055894 WO2014048583A1 (en) 2012-09-28 2013-03-21 Method and arrangement for controlling a wind turbine

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DK2872775T3 true DK2872775T3 (da) 2016-08-22

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US (1) US9611834B2 (da)
EP (1) EP2872775B1 (da)
CN (1) CN104662289B (da)
DK (1) DK2872775T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2014048583A1 (da)

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Publication number Publication date
US20150226183A1 (en) 2015-08-13
EP2872775B1 (en) 2016-05-25
EP2872775A1 (en) 2015-05-20
CN104662289B (zh) 2018-04-24
US9611834B2 (en) 2017-04-04
WO2014048583A1 (en) 2014-04-03
CN104662289A (zh) 2015-05-27

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