DK2847304T3 - Fremgangsmåder til fremstilling af konstruerede brændstoffer med reduceret klorindhold - Google Patents

Fremgangsmåder til fremstilling af konstruerede brændstoffer med reduceret klorindhold Download PDF

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Publication number
DK2847304T3
DK2847304T3 DK13787793.2T DK13787793T DK2847304T3 DK 2847304 T3 DK2847304 T3 DK 2847304T3 DK 13787793 T DK13787793 T DK 13787793T DK 2847304 T3 DK2847304 T3 DK 2847304T3
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waste stream
sorbent
waste
plastics
plastic
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DK13787793.2T
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Dingrong Bai
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Accordant Energy Llc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/406—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on plastic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/08—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting without the aid of extraneous binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
    • C10L2200/029—Salts, such as carbonates, oxides, hydroxides, percompounds, e.g. peroxides, perborates, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, and silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/02—Absorbents, e.g. in the absence of an actual absorbent column or scavenger
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et konstrueret brændstofråmateriale med forøget densitet ud fra en bearbejdet kommunal fastaffaldsstrøm, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter: at kombinere en første affaldsstrøm der indbefatter mindst en hård plast, en blød plast og en blandet plast, med et sorbent, hvor den mindst ene af den hårde plast, den bløde plast og den blandede plast indeholder en chloreret plast; at forøge temperaturen af den kombinerede første affaldsstrøm og sorbent til en temperatur på mindst 290 °C; at kombinere den termisk behandlede første affaldsstrøm og sorbent med en anden affaldsstrøm, hvilken anden affaldsstrøm indbefatter fiber; og at komprimere den kombinerede første affaldsstrøm, sorbent og den anden affaldsstrøm for at danne et konstrueret brændstofråmateriale med forøget densitet.
2. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 1, hvor: a) temperaturen af den kombinerede første affaldsstrøm og sorbent øges til mindst 350 °C; b) den første affaldsstrøm består hovedsagelig af hård plast og blød plast; c) den anden affaldsstrøm består hovedsagelig af fiber; eller d) temperaturen af den kombinerede første affaldsstrøm og sorbent forøges i mindst 10 minutter, fortrinsvis i mindst 30 minutter.
3. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 1 der yderligere omfatter: at bearbejde det konstruerede brændstofråmateriale til en gennemsnitlig partikelstørrelse på mindre end 6,35 mm (1/4 inch), fortrinsvis mindre end 4,76 mm (3/16 inch), mere fortrinsvis mindre end 3,18 mm (1/8 inch), mest foretrukket mindre end 2,38 mm (3/32 inch).
4. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 1, hvor sorbenten er mindst en af natrium-secquicarbonat (Trona), natriumbicarbonat, natriumcarbonat, zinkferrit, zink-kobberferrit, zinktitanat, kobberferritaluminat, kobberaluminat, kobbermangan-oxid, nikkel-understøttet aluminiumoxid, zinkoxid, jernoxid, kobber, kob-ber(l)oxid, kobber(ll)oxid, kalksten, kalk, Fe, FeO, Fe2C>3, FesCU, jernspåner, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3.MgO, silica, aluminiumoxid, kaolin, kaolinit, bauxit, emathlit, attapulgit, kulaske, æggeskaller, organiske salte (såsom calciummag-nesiumacetat (CMA), calciumacetat (CA), calciumformiat (CF), calciumbenzoat (CB), calciumpropionat (CP) og magnesiumacetat (MA)), urinstof, calciumbro-mid, natriumbromid, ammoniumbromid, hydrogenbromid, ammoniumsulfat, lig-nosulfonat og Ca-montmorillonit.
5. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 1, hvori det det konstruerede brændstofråmateriale med forøget densitet omfatter et plastindhold på mellem 5 vægt-% og 50 vægt-%; et fiberindhold på mellem 50 vægt-% og 95 vægt-%; et sorbentindhold på mellem 1 vægt-% og 50 vægt-%; og et totalt chlorindhold på mindre end 400 ppm.
6. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 5, hvor: plastindholdet er mellem 10 vægt-% og 30 vægt-% eller mellem 6 vægt-% og 38 vægt-%, fortrinsvis mellem 11 vægt-% og 14 vægt-%; fiberindholdet er mellem 70 vægt-% og 90 vægt-% eller mellem 30 vægt-% og 71 vægt-%, fortrinsvis mellem 44 vægt-% og 56 vægt-%; eller sorbentindholdet er mellem 23 vægt-% og 40 vægt-%.
7. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 5, hvor: plastindholdet er mellem 6 vægt-% og 38 vægt-%; fiberindholdet er mellem 30 vægt-% og 71 vægt-%; eller sorbentindholdet er mellem 23 vægt-% og 40 vægt-%.
8. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 5, hvor det konstruerede brændstofråmateriale med forøget densitet har en bulkdensitet på mellem 0,16 kg/l (10 lb/ft3) og 0,96 kg/l (60 lb/ft3).
DK13787793.2T 2012-05-11 2013-05-10 Fremgangsmåder til fremstilling af konstruerede brændstoffer med reduceret klorindhold DK2847304T3 (da)

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US201261645999P 2012-05-11 2012-05-11
US201361786951P 2013-03-15 2013-03-15
PCT/US2013/040597 WO2013170184A2 (en) 2012-05-11 2013-05-10 Systems and methods for producing engineered fuel feedstocks with reduced chlorine content

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DK2847304T3 true DK2847304T3 (da) 2019-01-28

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US (2) US8999014B2 (da)
EP (2) EP3489333A1 (da)
CN (2) CN109097145A (da)
DK (1) DK2847304T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2703152T3 (da)
HR (1) HRP20181987T1 (da)
LT (1) LT2847304T (da)
PL (1) PL2847304T3 (da)
PT (1) PT2847304T (da)
SI (1) SI2847304T1 (da)
WO (1) WO2013170184A2 (da)

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ES2703152T3 (es) 2019-03-07
EP2847304A4 (en) 2016-10-26
PL2847304T3 (pl) 2019-03-29
EP2847304A2 (en) 2015-03-18
CN104837964B (zh) 2018-07-27
LT2847304T (lt) 2019-01-25
US20150135583A1 (en) 2015-05-21
CN104837964A (zh) 2015-08-12
US8999014B2 (en) 2015-04-07
WO2013170184A2 (en) 2013-11-14
SI2847304T1 (sl) 2019-02-28
WO2013170184A3 (en) 2015-07-09
CN109097145A (zh) 2018-12-28
HRP20181987T1 (hr) 2019-03-08
EP2847304B1 (en) 2018-10-03
US20130298455A1 (en) 2013-11-14
PT2847304T (pt) 2018-12-28

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