DK202170295A1

DK202170295A1 - A method and apparatus for testing a hydrogen refueling station

Info

Publication number: DK202170295A1
Application number: DKPA202170295A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Due Sinding Claus
Original assignee: Nel Hydrogen As
Priority date: 2021-06-09
Filing date: 2021-06-09
Publication date: 2023-01-12
Also published as: WO2022258120A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling station; wherein said method comprises: selecting via a user interface of the said test apparatus a test procedure. Said test procedure includes activating a test fueling controlled by said hydrogen station controller. Said test fueling is controlled based on at least one manipulated control parameter received by said hydrogen station controller from said test apparatus. During said test fueling, the hydrogen station controller operates said hydrogen refueling station according to said manipulated control parameter, thereby forcing one or more control parameters to exceed one or more predefined thresholds for said control parameter that is manipulated. The hydrogen station controller enters a test response mode when at least one of said one or more control parameters exceeds at least one of said one or more predefined thresholds for said control parameter that is manipulated.

Description

Å METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TESTING A HYDROGEN REFUELING STATION Field of the invention

[1] The present invention relates to a method of testing a hydrogen refueling station and an apparatus for performing such test. Background of the invention

[2] Before a hydrogen refueling station is approved for operation, it must go through and pass a set of tests to secure functionality and safe operation even in the event of an adverse event or anomaly. These tests typically require meddling with the hardware and/or software code of the hydrogen refueling station, thereby inducing risk of subsequent errors and damage to the hydrogen refueling station. Moreover, the on-site service technician is typically not capable of performing the tests by them self, and therefore need remote support from for example a process engineer during the test session, and from a software engineer to maneuver the fueling station to operate as required by the tests, including e.g. disable built-in features that may lead to ambiguous test results. These problems means that testing of hydrogen stations is hugely ineffective in terms of the time required to perform them, and in terms of the resources that needs to be allocated for testing. Furthermore, such manual test fueling regimes inherently carries a certain risk of errors, even if experienced personal carries out the testing. Summary of the invention [31 The inventors have identified the above-mentioned problems and challenges related to testing of a hydrogen refueling station, and subsequently made the below described invention, which may improve such testing.

[4] The invention relates to a method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling — station; wherein said method comprises establishing data communication between a test apparatus and a hydrogen station controller of said hydrogen refueling station,

DK 2021 70295 A1 2 fluidly connecting a dispenser of said hydrogen refueling station to a receiving vessel, selecting via a user interface of the said test apparatus one or more test procedures of one or more predefined test procedures, wherein said one or more selected test procedures includes activating a fueling controlled by said hydrogen station controller, wherein said test fueling is controlled based on at least one manipulated control parameter received by said hydrogen station controller from said test apparatus, wherein during said test fueling, the hydrogen station controller operates said hydrogen refueling station according to said at least one manipulated control parameter, thereby forcing one or more control parameters to exceed one or more predefined thresholds for said control parameter that is manipulated, and wherein the hydrogen station controller enters a test response mode when at least one of said one or more control parameters exceeds at least one of said one or more predefined thresholds for said control parameter that is manipulated.

[5] This is advantageous in that it has the effect, that it enables an ordinary skilled technician (with no particular programming knowledge) to perform tests of a hydrogen station without guidance from a process engineer or similar skilled technician such as a software engineer. Hence, testing of the hydrogen refueling station can e.g. be made by a person on site without manipulating the software of the hydrogen station controller. This may e.g. reduce time and cost related to testing as it may reduce the nsk of introducing errors in the control software as, according to the present invention, the control software does not need to be manually accessed / changed to perform tests of the hydrogen stations.

[6] Advantageously, the invention enables for example a technician to perform testing of a hydrogen station singlehandedly, e.g. site acceptance tests, without guidance from e.g. a process engineer and without having a software engineer controlling the station and/or manipulating the software of the station. This may e.g. reduce the time, cost and manually induced errors associated with testing of hydrogen stations. Further, the invention may also enable other types of testing of a hydrogen refueling station, including e.g. factory acceptance testing and type testing.

DK 2021 70295 A1 3 [71 Also, the invention ensures that test procedures are carried out in a consistent way, thereby improving consistency and the reproducibility of testing of a hydrogen refueling station.

[8] In the present context, test of a hydrogen refueling station should be understood asa test of a hydrogen station that is typically performed on the site of the hydrogen refueling station, including e.g. site acceptance test, which may e.g. be performed during commissioning of a hydrogen refueling station. However, it should be understood that test may also refer to other tests pertaining to a hydrogen refueling station, including e.g. factory acceptance testing and type testing.

[9] Further notice that according to the invention, the term predefined test procedure may refer to any form of test procedure that may apply to a hydrogen refueling station that is testing compliance of the hydrogen refueling station with relevant standards for e.g. refueling and operation. Thus, advantageously, any such test procedure may be implemented on the test apparatus and thereby be available for selection by for example a user, such as a technician.

[10] It should be understood that the term control parameter refers to a parameter used in the hydrogen station controller to control operation of the hydrogen refueling station, including e.g. performing a refueling of a receiving vessel in e.g. a vehicle. Hence, a control parameter could e.g. be provided to the hydrogen station controller from a temperature, pressure or flow sensor or other types of transducers. Further, a control parameter could also be the value of a counter or timer internally in the controller. Also, a control parameter may be calculated based on one or more measured parameters. One example of such parameter is mass average temperature, which may advantageously be calculated based on e.g. time, flow and temperature measurements.

[11] In relation to the invention, the term test fueling may be understood as an operation performed by the hydrogen refueling station during a test. While the test fueling is initiated by the selected test procedure on the test apparatus, the hydrogen station controller may preferably control the test fueling based on the manipulated control parameters.

DK 2021 70295 A1 4

[12] The term manipulated control parameter may refer to a control parameter that has been manipulated. In the present context, manipulating a control parameter may refer to e.g. a replacement of a value of a control parameter with a different value control parameter. However, manipulating or manipulated should be understood as other modifications beside replacing. As an example, a modification may e.g. comprise adding an offset to a control parameter by e.g. increasing or decreasing the control parameter to force the control parameter to exceed a limit such as a threshold and thereby cause the controller to act accordingly e.g. by entering a test response mode. Exceeding a limit / threshold could be done either by increasing above or decreasing below a threshold value. [131 Inthe present context, test response mode may be understood as the way a station controller operates the station when for example one or more control parameters exceeds their respective predefined threshold value(s), e.g. as a result of receiving a manipulated control parameter during test fueling. A test response mode may eg. cause a reaction from the station such as stopping the process the station 1s carrying out, e.g. terminating fueling of a vehicle. However, the test response mode may also comprise a fallback mode, wherein the hydrogen station may not stop the process it is carrying out, e.g. fueling of a vehicle tank. The fallback mode may comprise e.g. decreasing flow of hydrogen from the station to e.g. a hydrogen tank in a vehicle in response to the threshold being exceeded. This may e.g. occur if a temperature in a vehicle tank exceeds a threshold. According to an embodiment of the invention, the test response mode may advantageously depend on the test fueling and/or the selected test procedure. Hence, the test response mode includes or is a reaction to a test, typically controlled via a test procedure according to manipulated operation — parameters.

[14] Entering the test mode may in a preferred embodiment of the invention comprise issuing a response message such as e.g. a warning. The warning may be provided as a textual message on a display of e.g. the hydrogen refueling station, or on a display of a test apparatus connected to the hydrogen refueling station, and it may also be provided as flashing lamps and/or sound.

[15] The test response mode may conclude with the hydrogen refueling station entering a ready mode. Advantageously, the ready mode enables the hydrogen refueling station to proceed with a further test fueling.

[16] According to an embodiment of the invention, said receiving vessel 1s a S hydrogen tank of a fuel cell vehicle.

[17] Thisis advantageous in that it has the effect, that no additional special equipment is needed to perform the test.

[18] The term fuel cell vehicle may e.g. refer to a heavy duty vehicle, such as a truck, a bus, a train, an airplane, a ship, and to a light duty vehicle such as a car or motorcycle.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said receiving vessel is a test vessel.

[19] Using a test vessel of a particular test device such as a trailer is advantageous in that it has the effect, that if something goes wrong during the test, then a test vessel can be designed to comply with e.g. higher temperature or pressure than a vessel of a vehicle.

18 According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more test procedures is automatically initiated when a first test procedure of said one or more test procedures is successfully performed.

[20] Being able to automatically start one test procedure after having terminated another is advantageous in that it has the effect that each of the test procedures of e.g.

a set of selected test procedures may be initiated automatically one after another, eliminating the need for having a technician initiating each of the test procedures. Thereby, the technician may have time to do other tasks during the performing of the test procedures. Furthermore, the time it takes to carry out a given set of selected test procedures may be reduced because the time between individual test procedures are — reduced, according to embodiments of the invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more test procedure are selected from a list comprising: pressure tolerance testing, fuel delivery temperature testing, mass flow testing, ambient temperature testing, initial pressure testing, cycle testing, measured pressure testing, measured temperature testing, tank volume testing, state of charge testing, target pressure testing.

[21] Thisis advantageous in that it has the effect, that after having selected a plurality ofthe possible tests, then, if the hydrogen refueling station successfully completes and passes the tests, it is considered in compliance with relevant requirements specified in refueling standards, by buyer, manufacture or operator of the station, etc.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating at least a first and a second control parameter.

[22] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that manipulating more than one control parameters during the same test, increases the number of tests possible to conduct and it allows testing interrelationship between operation parameters. Hence, at least during specific tests, e.g. when testing response the stations (hydrogen station controllers) response to a fill level exceeding a fill level threshold, it is required to IS manipulate both pressure and temperature values (control parameters), in order to achieve a fill level that exceeds a predefined fill level threshold.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating a first control parameter to have a first value for a first period of time.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating a first control parameter to have at least a first value at a first point in time and a second value at a second point in time.

[23] This is advantageous in that it has the effect, that e.g. a temperature increase can be measured so that at a first point in time the temperature is below a warning threshold linut, at a second point in time the temperature is above the warning threshold limit, but below e.g. a failure threshold limit and at a third point in time, the temperature is above the failure threshold limit. In this way it is possible to test if the station reacts as intended in various scenarios.

DK 2021 70295 A1 7 According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating a first control parameter to have a second value for a second period of time.

[24] Being able to change the value of one or more operation parameters at different S times is advantageous in that it has the effect, that it becomes possible to simulate development of a parameter such as pressure or temperature over time. Further, it becomes possible to test if a certain operation parameter e.g. exceeds a threshold value and return below the threshold value within an allowed period of time.

[25] Note that the above exemplifications of aspects of the different test procedure elements (number of manipulated control parameters, time periods, etc.) are only non- limiting examples. Hence, other control parameters than the mentioned can be manipulated, other numbers of control parameters can be manipulated, alternative timing, etc. can be applied in the test procedures. According to an embodiment of the invention, said at least one manipulated operation parameter can be partly modified via said user interface, preferably within a predefined range.

[26] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that it enables a user to partly adjust a test procedure to test the response of a hydrogen refueling station to different conditions as specified by the test procedures. Also, this 1s advantageous in that adjusting the value of an operation parameter may be locked and so may not be adjusted by the user, thereby ensuring that an inexperienced user may only adjust the test procedures within a meaningful range. Thereby, it is ensured that a user may not adjust the test procedures to cause the station to operate in a potentially hazardous manner. Thus advantageously, e.g. dangerous pressure and/or temperature levels may be avoided according to the embodiment of the invention. According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more control parameters comprises parameters including one or more of the list comprising: temperature, pressure, flow, counts, time.

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[27] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the test procedures may comprise testing the response of a hydrogen refueling station to different temperature, flow and pressure levels. Further, it may be tested, what happens if the value of these parameters crosses a limit for a certain period of time or a certain number of times. It — should be understood that the response of the hydrogen refueling station may also be tested according to control parameters that 1s determined based on measured control parameters, such as e.g. state of charge etc.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said one or more control parameters comprises sensor readings.

[28] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that important parameters of the hydrogen refueling station associated with sensor readings can be tested. The sensor readings may provide information about important parameters of a hydrogen refueling station, which may e.g. be associated with the state of operation of the hydrogen station. Thereby, it is within the scope of the invention to utilize sensor readings to test eg. a state of operation of a hydrogen refueling station. In the present context, state of operation may refer to what happens if a threshold value is crossed, e.g. does the station enters the correct close procedure, standby procedure, reduction of flow speed, etc. Further, it should be understood that sensor readings are obtained from sensors configured to e.g. obtain measures of parameters of the hydrogen refueling station. I is, however, within the scope of the invention to include sensor readings obtained from sensors measuring parameters of the surrounding milieu in which the station is positioned, such as e.g. ambient temperature.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said at least one manipulated control parameter is defined by said test procedure.

[29] Thisis advantageous in that it has the effect that it enables testing of the response of the hydrogen station to a test procedure having a manipulated control parameter. E.g. if a test procedure comprises a manipulated control parameter, e.g. a temperature value, it 13 possible to test the response of the hydrogen refueling station to a change of this particular temperature value.

[30] H should be mentioned, that at least one of said one or more predefined thresholds may be modified via the user interface of the test apparatus.

[31] Advantageously, this has the effect that it enables a user to modify one or more predefined thresholds. This may e.g. be particularly useful when a predefined threshold needs to be adapted to changes in e.g. test regulations.

[32] The one or more predefined thresholds may only be modified via the user interface by users with system privileges. E.g. a system administrator may control who has system privileges. Altogether, this is advantageous in that it enables control of which of the users that may modify thresholds and who cannot, and thereby it may e.g. be ensured that predetermined thresholds are only modified by eg. users with sufficient experience and appropriate authority, and not unintentionally by e.g. an inexperienced user of the test apparatus. This may ensure that a test fueling is not performed according to e.g. dangerously high or low predetermined threshold that may potentially cause damage to station components e.g. caused by high pressure or temperature. According to an embodiment of the invention, said at least one manipulated control parameter includes at least one of the list comprising: temperature, pressure, flow, time, count.

[33] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the response of the hydrogen station to different temperature and/or pressure and/or flow and/or timing and/or counts can be tested based on the manipulated control parameter, to see how the station reacts on different values of control parameters related to these aspects of control. According to an embodiment of the invention, at least one of said at least one manipulated control parameter is calculated based on at least one measured control — parameter.

[34] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the response of the hydrogen refueling station to parameters calculated from measured control parameters may be tested in addition to measured control parameters. Eg. the refueling stations response

DK 2021 70295 A1 to manipulated mass average temperature values, which is calculated based on hydrogen flow-, temperature- and time measurements, may be tested. According to an embodiment of the invention, at least one of said one or more control parameters is automatically replaced by at least one manipulated control parameter.

S [35] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the response of the hydrogen refueling station to specific values of one or more specific manipulated control parameters can be easily tested, without having to e.g. manually adjust a value of a measured control parameter during a test procedure to obtain the specific value of a manipulated control parameter.

10 According to an embodiment of the invention, said at least one manipulated control parameter can be modified via the user interface.

[36] Advantageously, this has the effect that a user 1s able to modify the manipulated control parameter and thereby the user is able to test the hydrogen refueling station according to different manipulated control parameters. Thereby a user is able to adjust the manipulated control parameter on site if required by e.g. a specific test regime, which has e.g. not yet been defined as an individual test procedure on the test apparatus. It should be understood that in the present context, modifying the manipulated control parameter may include replacing a control parameter with a manipulated control parameter or replacing a manipulated control parameter with a different manipulated control parameter.

[37] It should be noted that it is within the scope of the invention to define a new test procedure based on a test procedure wherein a manipulated control parameter has been modified via the user interface and save the new test procedure. Advantageously, this has the effect that if the new test procedure should be applied for testing later on, the user does not need to go through the procedure of modifying an existing test procedure, since the user may instead utilize the saved new test procedure. According to an embodiment of the invention, controlling said test fueling based on at least one manipulated control parameter comprises replacing a control parameter received by said hydrogen station controller with said manipulated control parameter provided by said test apparatus.

[38] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the test fueling bypasses the normal operation of the hydrogen refueling station and thereby tests if the hydrogen S refueling station enters test response mode as required, without the actual control parameter value(s) (received e.g. from sensors) being at a level below/above a threshold limit for entering the test response mode.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test fueling comprises acquiring test data of control parameters and/or manipulated control parameters.

[39] Advantageously, this has the effect that the test data may be utilized for monitoring and/or review, to e.g. evaluate the performance of the hydrogen refueling station and/or for analyzes of why e.g. a test was not successful. Advantageously, the stored test data may also be used to document the test of the hydrogen refueling station, so that relevant authorities may acquire access to the test data when required, e.g.

during audit and/or commissioning of the hydrogen refueling station.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test response is a reaction to a test fusling made based on said manipulated control parameters.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test response mode comprises terminating a flow of hydrogen to the receiving vessel and/or entering a fallback.

[40] In this context, fallback may eg refer to lowering a fueling rate and/or a pressure. Advantageously, this has the effect of hindering loss of hydrogen to the surroundings when e.g. a leak is identified on the hydrogen refueling station. A further advantage is that it may e.g. hinder problematic pressure /temperature rises e.g. caused by a potential fault on the hydrogen refueling station or receiving vessel.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test response mode comprises 1Ssuing a test response message.

DK 2021 70295 A1 12

[41] Advantageously, this has the effect that it may inform a user of e.g. an outcome of a test fueling initiated by the selected test procedure. The response message may advantageously comprise information that a test fueling has ended. Furthermore, the test response message may inform whether a test was performed successfully according to e.g. a test procedure and/or test regulations, or if the test was not successful and possibly why, e.g. duo to a leak or an improperly connected vessel tank etc. Based on the test response message, the technician may further e.g. determine that the station responded to a manipulated control parameters by entering the test response mode and based on this, the technician may note that a test procedure was successful. In this particular context, successful should be understood as meaning that the test fueling was performed according to the test procedure and/or test regulations, e.g. issued by relevant authorities. According to an embodiment of the invention, a test response message and/or said acquired test data is stored on one or more of the list comprising: said test apparatus, said hydrogen refueling station, remote server, cloud server.

[42] Storing test response message and/or acquired test data on the test device, e.g. by memory embedded in the test device, advantageously has the effect that test response message, including detailed information comprised by the acquired test data may be stored directly on the test apparatus, and thereby the test apparatus does not require a connection to e.g. a remote server or cloud storage in order to store test responses. Thereby the test apparatus may be used in geographical regions where there is no internet service available. A further advantage is, that the test response message and the acquired test data may e.g. be provided for review at any given time on the test apparatus, e.g. if required by e.g. authorities, even in situations where the test apparatus has no internet connection.

[43] Storing the test responses message and/or the acquired test data on the hydrogen refueling station, e.g. by memory implemented on the hydrogen refueling station, advantageously has the effect that the test responses are always available for e.g. review on the hydrogen refueling station. The test response message and/or the

DK 2021 70295 A1 13 acquired test data stored on the hydrogen refueling station may also be utilized as a backup in case other saved copies are lost.

[44] Storing test response message and/or the acquired test data in the cloud and/or on a remote server advantageously has the effect of providing a remote backup and/or copy, which may be easily available to any device with access to the remote server and/or the internet. A further advantage is that the test device and/or hydrogen refueling station may require less memory since it may not be necessary to store test responses on these devices, and therefore these devices may be cheaper to build. Also, a further advantage of using remote server storage and/or cloud storage is that the stored information may be made accessible to relevant authorities through any device with an internet connection to provide documentation that a hydrogen refueling station has been successfully tested. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test procedure and/or test fueling is terminated and/or enters a fallback mode when said predetermined threshold is exceeded by a control parameter during test fueling.

[45] Advantageously, this has the effect of providing safe operation of the hydrogen refueling station e.g. during testing. Thus, e.g. in the event that a control parameter exceeds the predetermined threshold during test fueling, the test procedure and/or test fueling may be terminated as a damage control mechanism. Advantageously, this has the effect of minimizing any potential damage that might otherwise have resulted from continuing the test procedure and/or test fueling when a control parameter exceeds a predetermined threshold. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test fueling is terminated when said predetermined threshold and/or limit is exceeded for at least I second, such as at least 2 seconds, such as for example at least 4 seconds, such as for example at least 10 seconds, such as for example at least 15 seconds, such as for example at least 5 seconds.

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[46] This is advantageous in that it has the effect, that e.g. valves have time to react {mechanically and / or electrically} upon an operation parameter crossing a threshold value. According to an embodiment of the invention, said method comprises establishing a S test mode of the hydrogen refueling station to enable test of said hydrogen refueling station.

[47] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the test fueling of the hydrogen refueling station may only be activated when the hydrogen refueling station 1s operated in test mode. Advantageously, it is thereby not possible to accidentally activate test procedures during for example a standard refueling of a vehicle with the hydrogen refueling station. A further advantageous effect is that in establishing a test mode ensures that e.g. information about an error on a hydrogen refueling station is not send to a central unit, ie. the owner of the station, when a limit and/or a predetermined threshold is exceeded during a test, as could be the case in normal operation mode when certain thresholds for a control parameter is exceeded.

[48] The test mode may e.g. be established by operating a switch on the hydrogen refueling station. The switch may be locked away behind a door with a lock requiring a key and/or a code to open. Thus, to gain access to the switch a user needs the right key and/or code to the lock. Notice, that it is withing the scope of the invention that the switch may be directly operated by use of a key. Advantageously, this has the effect of preventing users of the station, such as customers, from establishing the test mode of the hydrogen refueling station.

[49] According to a further embodiment of the invention, other ways of establishing the test mode of the hydrogen refueling station comprises entering a code via a user — interface of the hydrogen refueling station and/or via the user interface of the test apparatus. Also, it is within the scope of the invention that establishing the test mode may further comprise authorizing a user via e.g. face recognition, via one or more fingerprint sensors as well as via other sensors. Altogether, this Advantageously has

DK 2021 70295 A1 15 the effect of preventing unauthorized individuals from establishing the test mode of the hydrogen refueling station.

[SO] According to an embodiment of the invention, controlling who is authorized to establish a test mode of the hydrogen refueling station may be controlled via the user interface of the test apparatus and/or it may be controlled remotely by a separate computing device communicatively coupled to the test apparatus, e.g. via internet connection. Advantageously, this has the effect that authorization to access the test mode may be granted or withdrawn easily and potentially from a central computing unit with access to the test apparatus. Thereby, e.g. if atest mode is established by say akey, and the key is lost and then found by an individual who should not have access to establish the test mode, that individual is still not able to establish a test mode unless the person is authorized.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test fueling is determined based on said one or more selected test procedures.

[51] Advantageously, this has the effect that the one or more selected test procedures determine the test fueling, and thereby the test fueling may vary according to the selected test procedure. Furthermore, it has the advantageous effect that it enables a user to perform tests of the hydrogen refueling station, without prior knowledge on how to determine an appropriate test fueling for a given test procedure.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test fueling comprises checking if a predetermined test condition is satisfied and terminating said test procedure when said predetermined test condition is not satisfied.

[52] Advantageously, this has the effect that a test fueling and/or a test procedure is only started/continued when a predetermined test condition is satisfied. It should be — understood that the term predetermined test condition may refer to any condition that may be required for a test to be performed. Examples of predetermined test conditions may e.g. include checking if a nozzle is connected to e.g. a receiving vessel, e.g of a vehicle, and e.g. checking if the storage tanks contains a sufficient amount of gas and e.g. checking if cooling capacity is above a cooling capacity threshold. If a

DK 2021 70295 A1 16 predetermined test condition is not established during a test fueling, the test fueling would terminate according to the embodiment of the invention, [S31 His within the scope of the invention that the predetermined test condition can be modified on e.g. the test apparatus. In other embodiments of the invention, this feature may, however, be locked so that only users with system privilege may have access to modify the predetermined test conditions, to ensure that e.g. inexperienced users not e.g. by accident modifies the conditions and thereby potentially risk damaging the hydrogen station and/or cause safety hazards. The present invention further relates to a test apparatus communicatively couplable via a data communication link to a hydrogen refueling station and configured to initiate test — on the hydrogen refueling — station; wherein said test apparatus comprises a user interface configured to enable a user to select one or more test procedures, wherein said one or more test procedures are configured to manipulate at least one control parameter; a data processor communicatively coupled to a data storage storing said one or more test procedures, wherein said one or more — test procedures — are configured to initiate one or — more test fuelings on said hydrogen refueling station controlled by said — hydrogen — station controller based on manipulated control parameters.

[54] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that the test apparatus may perform the above-described method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling station. Thereby, the test apparatus comprises at least all the advantageous provided by this method. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus is configured to initiate said method according to claim 1-28. [SS] Advantageously, this has the effect that the test apparatus is capable of initiating the method of performing test of a hydrogen refueling station.

DK 2021 70295 A1 17 According to an embodiment of the invention, said data processor is configured to execute said one or more test procedures, and thereby initiate said one or more test fuelings on the hydrogen refueling station.

[56] Advantageously, this has the effect that the data processor may execute the test procedures, thereby initiating the test fuelings on the hydrogen refueling station. Advantageously, this enables the test apparatus to perform testing of the hydrogen refueling station.

[57] The data processor may be configured to pass the one or more test procedures to the hydrogen station controller.

[58] Advantageously, this has the effect that the test apparatus may only require a relatively cheap low performance data processor in order to provide the disclosed functionality of the test apparatus. This may be achieved because the data processor only needs to pass instructions tothe hydrogen station controller e.g. from a storage, and thereby, the data controller does not need to be designed and sized to be capable of directly controlling all the controllable hydrogen refueling station components e.g. valves, compressor, cooling system etc., based on e.g. sensor inputs ete.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said data processor initiates said one or more test fuelings on said hydrogen refueling station via said hydrogen station controller.

[S91 Advantageously, this has the effect that the data processor requires only one connection to the hydrogen station and thereby the test apparatus do not need direct connections to all the components that are required to be controlled during a test, including i.e. temperature, pressure and flow sensors, a plurality of valves, and potentially one or more compressors and a cooling systems, to name a few. Thereby, the test apparatus is fast and easy to connect to a hydrogen refueling station, thus minimizing the time required for testing of a hydrogen refueling station.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test procedures comprise executable instructions.

[60] Advantageously, this has the effect of enabling the instructions to be executed by e.g. a data processor or a hydrogen station controller, which is thereby able toperform the executable instructions, e.g. to control hydrogen station components according to the executable instructions comprised by the test procedures.

[61] According to an embodiment of the invention, the test apparatus may bea standalone apparatus.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus is portable.

[62] Advantageously, this has the effect thatthe test apparatus may be moved around e.g. between different stations, and so, e.g. one test apparatus may be used to test a plurality of hydrogen refueling stations, thereby eliminating the need for having a test apparatus build into each hydrogen refueling station, thereby reducing the costs of the hydrogen refueling station.

18 According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus is at least one of the list comprising: tablet, laptop, cellphone, smartphone.

[631 In the present context, the term portable computing device refers to for example a laptop, a tablet, a cellphone, a smartphone or any other computing device that may be powered by a portable power source, such as for e.g. a battery. This 1s advantageous inthatit has the effect that the test apparatus can me moved around and thereby be used to test different hydrogen refueling stations at different locations.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a battery couplable to an external battery charger.

[64] Advantageously, this has the effect that the battery may be charged so that the — test apparatus may be powered by the battery and thereby does not need to be connected to an external power source in orderto function. Thereby, the test apparatus can be conveniently used to test a hydrogen refueling station even at locations where an external power source may not be accessible.

[65] According to an embodiment of the invention, the test apparatus may be powerable and/or chargeable via the data communication link. This may be advantageousin that it has the effect thatthe test apparatus can be powered and/or charged when connected toeg a hydrogen refueling station, e.g. during testing of the hydrogen refueling station.

[66] According to an embodiment of the invention, the test apparatus 13 part of the hydrogen station. This has the benefit that a user of the test apparatus does not need to bring a test apparatus to a hydrogen refueling station to perform a test of the hydrogen refueling station, thereby eliminating the risk that the user forgets to bring the test apparatus and therefore cannot perform the test of the hydrogen refueling station. According to an embodiment of the invention, said data communication link comprises a wireless transmitter and receiver.

[67] Advantageously, this has the effect that the test apparatus may both receive and transmit data to a hydrogen refueling station wirelessly, thus eliminating the need for a technician to do the cumbersome and time-consuming process of establishing a wired connection between the test apparatus and the hydrogen station. Furthermore, it also enables the test apparatus to communicate with any other device having a wireless receiver and transmitter. Thereby enabling the test apparatus to receive e.g. updates of test procedures and predefined thresholds wirelessly from another computing device. According to an embodiment of the invention, said wireless transmitter and said receiver is a Wi-Fi receiver and Wi-Fi transmitter.

[68] Advantageously, this has the effect that it enables a — fast, stable wireless exchange of data between the test apparatus and e.g. a wireless receiver and/or transmitter of a hydrogen station or another computing device, over a sufficiently large range to e.g. enable the technician to move freely around a hydrogen station with the test apparatus when performing test of the station, and/or to be able to sit inside a car while operating the test apparatus to perform test of a refueling station, which is particularly useful e.g. to protect the test apparatus when itis raining, snowing or when e.g. the weather is particularly hot or cold.

[69] In an embodiment of the invention, one or both of the wireless transmitter and S receiver may be a Bluetooth transmitter and/or receiver. This is advantageous in that a Bluetooth solution is cheaper and consumes less power compared to Wi-Fi solutions.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said data communication link is couplable by wire to said hydrogen refueling station,

[70] Advantageously, this has the effect that a very fast and stable connection can be established between the test apparatus and e.g a hydrogen station and/or other computing devices, since a wired connection is very fast and stable, much more 30 than wireless solutions.

[71] According to an embodiment of the invention, the user interface of the test apparatus may be operated in one or more of the following different ways: by voice control, by manipulating a touch sensitive display portion of the test apparatus, by pressing physical buttons on the test apparatus, by use of either an external keyboard connected to the test apparatus or by use of a build in keyboard, by tracking eye movements with e.g. a camera.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface comprises a touch sensitive display portion.

[72] Advantageously, this has the effect that itenables a user easy, fast and intuitive operation of the test apparatus, since most people and thereby also the user uses touch sensitive displays on a daily basis. Enabling such familiar, easy and fast operation advantageously ensures fast efficient testing of a hydrogen refueling — station.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a display portion.

[73] Advantageously this has the effect that it may provide the user an overview of the predefined test procedures, and preferably some implementations of the invention may also provide a description and/or a guideline of the predefined test procedures.

[74] According to an embodiment of the invention, the display portion may be an S OLED display. This is advantageous in that information displayed on an OLED display can be easily seen by a user of the test apparatus even in strong backlite conditions, which may occur when testing a hydrogen station on e.g. a sunny day.

[75] Other embodiments of the invention may advantageously utilize other types of display portions e.g. LED display. Advantageously, LED displays are cheap to manufacture and thereby may provide a preferred cost effective solution according to the invention, since it may provide sufficient display properties to enable a user to view information on the display portion, when testing a hydrogen station.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a loudspeaker.

[76] Advantageously, this has the effect thatit may provide a way of communicating information from the test apparatus to the user by way of sound, e.g. a test response of the hydrogen refueling station. It is within the scope of the invention that any thinkable information provided by the test apparatus may be informed by sound via one or more loudspeakers. Further, this may e.g. include alarming a user that aa test procedure is completed, or alternatively informing a user of a warning associated with an error on a connected hydrogen station or on the test apparatus. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a light source,

[77] Advantageously, this has the effect that it may providea way of communicating e.g. a test response of the hydrogen refueling station to a user. Advantageously a lamp may e.g provide a green light in response to a successful test, whereas a red light may indicate an negative test response. It is within the scope of the invention to include any other combinations of light, including different colors and different flashing frequencies etc. [781 According to an exemplary implementation of the invention, communication via different lighting may also be provided to the user via e.g. a display portion of the test apparatus.

[79] In the present context, light source wmayrefer toeg a lamp including e.g. LED or any other light sources. Also the light sources may provide light in different colors. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a vibrating motor.

[80] Advantageously, this has the effect that it may provide a way of communicating 6.g. a test response, warnings or other information provided by the test apparatus. E.g. the vibrating motor may cause the test apparatus to vibrate when e.g. a test is completed, thereby informing a user that the test is completed. The usermay e.g. hold the device and feel the vibrations in the hand or the user may simply wear the device or have the device in a pocket in his/hers clothes, and thereby be able to feel the vibrations. Thereby the user may be informed of a given event by the test apparatus, without constantly having to look at the device to check e.g. a test status and without the device producing any disturbing noises. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a keyboard.

[81] Advantageously, this has the effect of providing a simple and user friendly way for the user to control and/or interact with the test apparatus. The keyboard may e.g. be an external standard personal computer keyboard or it may be embedded in the test apparatus. According to an embodiment of the invention, said test apparatus comprises a microphone.

[82] Advantageously, this has the effect that the test apparatus may be controlled by a user via voice commands, thereby enabling the user to e.g perform other tasks by e.g. hand, while at the same time controlling the test apparatus. A further advantage is that the test apparatus may be controlled from distances at which the test apparatus is out of reach of the user. The distance may be determined by the reach and sensitivity of the microphone.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface is configured to enable a user to select of one or more test procedures.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface is configured to enable modifications by a user of the one or more test procedures.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface comprises instructions to a user on how to perform a test procedure.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface is configured to enable a user to select one or more tests comprising test steps, wherein said test steps are initiated sequentially one after another.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface comprise a graphical user interface visualized on a display.

[83] Advantageously, this has the effect that it may enable a user to obtain visual information from the test apparatus. A further advantage 15 that it may enable a user to interact with the test apparatus, e.g. by selecting one or more test procedures to perform test of a hydrogen refueling station.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said user interface is configured to enable a user to select and view historical test results.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said data storage includes a remote server and/or a cloud server.

[84] Storing test responses in the cloud or on a remote server advantageously has the effect of providing a remote backup and/or copy of the test response message(s) and/or acquired test data, which may be easily available to any device with access to the remote server or the internet. A further advantage is that the test device and/or hydrogen refueling station may require less memory since it may not be necessary to store test responses on these devices, and therefore these devices may be cheaper to build. Also, storing the test responses is further advantageous in that it has the effect that the stored test responses can be used to e.g provide documentation that a hydrogen refueling station has been successfully tested.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said data storage comprise memory embedded in said test apparatus.

[85] This is advantageous in that it has the effect that acquired test data and/or test response messages are always available for e.g. review on the test apparatus. The test response message and/or acquired test data stored on the test apparatus may also be utilized as a backup, in case other saved copies are lost. Notice, that the in alternative embodiments according to the invention, the acquired test data and response messages may also be stored om the hydrogen refueling station.

The invention further relates to a test system comprising a hydrogen refueling station, said test apparatus and said receiving vessel.

861 According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the hvdrogen station 50] 2 J ; 3 5 controller is configured to execute the test procedures received from the data processor, According to an embodiment of the invention, the system is configured to perform said g ] method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling station.

The invention further relates to a use of the test apparatus to perform the method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling station.

The invention further relates to a use of the system to perform the method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling station.

The drawings

[87] Various embodiments of the invention will in the following be described with reference to the drawings where fig. 1 illustrates a hydrogen refueling station and a test apparatus couplable to said S hydrogen refueling station, according to an embodiment of the invention, fig. 2 illustrates a visual representation of method steps according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. Ja and 3b illustrates a minimum fuel delivery temperature fault test according to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed description [881 Fig 1 illustrates a hydrogen refueling station 1 and a test apparatus 16 connected to the hydrogen refueling station, according to an embodiment of the invention.

[89] The illustrated hydrogen refueling station 1 is able to supply hydrogen to a receiving vessel 2 of a vehicle 3 from a hydrogen supply in the form of a supply network 4, external hydrogen storage 5, internal hydrogen storage 6 or a temporary hydrogen storage 7.

[90] To regulate the hydrogen pressure, temperature, flow, time, etc. to comply with currents standards such as e.g. the SAE J2601 standard for refueling of a vehicle vessel 2 of a light duty vehicle 3 with hydrogen, the hydrogen refueling station 1 comprises a compressor 8, a cooling system 9 and a hydrogen station controller 10, all which are preferably located within the enclosure 11 of the hydrogen refueling station 1.

[91] The process of refueling involves several states, including moving from a “ready state” to a "pre-refueling state” when a refueling is requested by a user. When the user has lifted the nozzle and attached it to a vehicle, the user may initiate “Refueling Start Up State”, where the start pressure of the vessel of the vehicle is determined. Upon determining start pressure and other initial parameters, a “Main Refueling State” is

DK 2021 70295 A1 26 performed where hydrogen is provided to the vessel of the vehicle for the purpose of filling the vessel of the vehicle. When the refueling is completed, a “Refueling Stop State” is entered, where preparations for returning to the ready state is made such as emptying hose and nozzle for hydrogen.

S [92] The control of a refueling process as describe above is controlled based on software executed by the hydrogen station controller 10. Hence, based on input from sensors (temperature, pressure, flow, etc.) the hydrogen station controller 10 opens and closes valves in the hydrogen flow path 15 from storage 4, 5, 6, 7 to receiving vessel 2 of the vehicle 3.

[93] Atmost sites the station enclosure 11 13 physically separate from a dispenser 12, which is connectable to the vehicle 3 by means of a hose 13 and a nozzle 14 (hydrogen outlet). The station enclosure 11 (the storage hereof / connected thereto) and the dispenser 12 is connected by one or more supply lines 15 for supplying hydrogen from the station 1 via the dispenser 12 to the receiving vessel 2 of the vehicle 3.

[94] Even though the station i illustrated on figure 1 is illustrated to comprise enclosure 11 and dispenser 12 separated and connected with supply lines 15, it should be mentioned that the components of the station 1 from hydrogen supply 4, 5, 6, 7 to the hydrogen outlet, which in figure 1 is illustrate as a nozzle 14 and everything (valves, transducers, actuators, i.e. all components used for controlling the hydrogen flow) in the hydrogen flow path therebetween, may be integrated completely in one enclosure or as illustrated in figure 1, installed as one or more individual components.

[95] Fig. 1 further illustrates a test apparatus 16 according to the invention. The test apparatus 16 is indicated as communicating wirelessly with the station 1 and / or the dispenser 12 (arrows). The data communication link between the test apparatus 16 and the station 1 / dispenser 12 can be implemented as a Bluetooth, Near Field Communication, Wi-Fi or wired communication link.

[96] The test apparatus 16 comprise an interface including a display, preferably a touch display allowing a user to interact with the test apparatus 16. Such interactions

DK 2021 70295 A1 27 may include starting, pausing and stopping a test, selecting a test, handling test results, etc. The test apparatus 16 may be a tablet, on which one or more tests can be controlled.

[97] The test apparatus 16 thereby provide an interface and a data communication link, which enables the test apparatus to connect to and thereby interact with a S hydrogen refueling station controller 10, and thereby the test apparatus is able to perform one or more tests of the hydrogen refueling station.

[98] In an embodiment, the hydrogen refueling station comprises a warning unit configured for warning e.g. an owner of the hydrogen refueling station that an error has occurred. To ensure that this warning unit does not spam the owner with warnings during a test of the station, this waning unit is preferably disabled when the station is in test mode. The warning unit may warn e.g. a central service station or an office, should a real error occur on the hydrogen station. This is important and enables the central office, service station or warning unit to e.g. contact a technician and have him go to e.g. examine and if possible, repair the hydrogen refueling station. The warning may eg. comprise GPS coordinates referencing the position of the station and/or a unique station identification code and/or address information. Advantageously, a central unit may thereby localize the hydrogen refueling station, either directly by the GPS coordinates and/or by the address information, and/or indirectly, using the station identification code to obtain an address from e.g. a hydrogen station database comprising e.g. address information of one or more hydrogen refueling stations.

[99] The test apparatus is as mentioned preferably a portable computing device such as a tablet, a laptop or a smartphone. On the memory of the test apparatus, the test procedures are stored and accessible by a user via the display. Hence, when a particular test procedure is selected, the test is automatically performed and monitored from the test apparatus. In this context, performing a test includes starting a refueling and change value of operation parameters, to verify if the station reacts as expected in the test response mode.

[100] As mentioned, from the display, several test procedures may be selected one after the other to test if the station complies with requirements of certain refueling

DK 2021 70295 A1 28 standards. Alternative testing may e.g. comprise testing during refueling the response to mechanical errors that may e.g. be monitored by tilt sensor, break-away switch etc.

[101] Fig. 2 illustrates a visual representation of method steps according to an embodiment of the invention. This embodiment of the invention is a method of performing atest of a hydrogen refueling station 1, which comprises five method steps 81-85. However, note that embodiments of the invention are not restricted to these particular method steps. The method may advantageously be applied to perform various different tests of a station, including e.g site acceptance testing, factory acceptance testing and type testing.

[1021 Accordingly, a test procedure in this embodiment comprises the following steps S1-S5. With this said, a test procedure may also be referred to as only the steps including the test fueling e.g. manipulating the operation parameters based on which the test fueling is controlled. A test procedure preferably comprises a series of sub- steps e.g. testing reaction in a response mode both below and above one or more threshold values.

[103] t should be mentioned that it may be possible to execute two or more test procedures in parallel. In the present context, the term parallel refers to that a plurality of tests may be performed at the same time. This is advantageous in that it has the effect that a plurality of test procedures may be carried out at the same time, thereby greatly reducing the time it takes to perform a set of tests of the hydrogen refueling station.

[104] In a first step S1, a data communication between the test apparatus 16 and the hydrogen refueling station 1, preferably the controller 10, is established to enable exchange of data between the hydrogen refueling station and the test apparatus. In this embodiment, the test apparatus is connected to the station controller via a data communication link, which ts a wired USB connection. Other embodiments of the invention may utilize types of data communication links, including e.g. a firewire connection etc., or optionally a wireless data communication link, such as e.g. WI-FI or Bluetooth.

DK 2021 70295 A1 29

[105] An embodiment step S1 may include the step of activating a physical switch to bring the hydrogen refueling station in a test mode, to enable testing of said hydrogen refueling station. The switch may be hidden behind a locked door or the like on the hydrogen refueling station. Thus, it is only possible to test the operation of the hydrogen refueling station when a person physically onsite has activated the switch and brought the hydrogen refueling station in the test mode.

[106] In a next step S2, a dispenser 12 of the hydrogen refueling station 1 is fluidly connected to a receiving vessel 2, to enable fueling tests wherein the receiving vessel 2 1s filled with hydrogen from the hydrogen refueling station 1. The receiving vessel 2 may be a hydrogen vehicle tank of e.g. a car 3, bus, truck, train, ship, airplane, etc. or it may optionally be a hydrogen tank carried on a trailer and possibly embedded in a particular test device that may e.g. be optimized to comply with particularly high pressures and extreme temperatures.

[107] Such particular test device including a tank that can be used instead of a tank of a vehicle may be advantageous in that it may be designed to comply with higher temperatures and pressures over longer time periods, compared to a tank of a vehicle. In this way, the hydrogen refueling station can deviate significantly more from requirements prescribed by refueling standards, without creating a hazardous situation.

[108] As a next step 53, one or more test procedures of a plurality of predefined test procedures is selected by a user via the user interface of the test apparatus 16. In this embodiment, the user selects a test procedure via a touch screen. In other embodiments of the invention the user may select test procedures via a computer mouse and/or a keyboard and/or by voice control of the test apparatus. After selecting one of the one or more test procedures, the user of initiates the selected test procedure via the user — interface, which activates a test fueling of the hydrogen refueling station 1. The test fueling is controlled by the hydrogen station controller 10 based on the selected test procedures. Thereby, based on the initiated test procedure initiated from the test apparatus, the station controller 10 at least partly operates the hydrogen refueling station according to input from the selected test procedure and not completely according to input from the normal input devices such as sensors for measuring

DK 2021 70295 A1 30 temperature, pressure, etc. Hence, a processor of the test apparatus receives and execute instructions of the one or more selected test procedures, thereby activating a test fueling on the hydrogen refueling station I via the established data communication link and the hydrogen station controller 10. The test fueling therefore depends on the selected and executed test procedure. In this example, the selected test procedure involves a test fueling comprising fueling of the vessel 2 fluidly connected to the station 1.

[109] The instructions received and executed by the test apparatus 16 may be input in the form of a value of an operation parameter received from the user via the interface, or it may be a value of an operation parameter that is part of a test procedure stored in a memory of the test apparatus 16. As will be described below, such test procedure may comprise several values that is provided to the station controller 10 at different time intervals during the test fueling of the station 1, to test a certain reaction of the value of the operation parameter at the station 1.

18 [110] It should be mentioned that the control of the station 1, may in embodiments more or less be handled from the test apparatus. However, typically a test is intended to test if the station 1 reacts correct in specific situations such as when temperature, pressure, time, flow, etc. is above or below a threshold for a certain period of time. Therefore, it 15 typically preferred that it is the station controller 10 and software executed by the station controller 10 that is tested. A test procedure may according to the present invention be a specify test fueling of the station 10 with an operation parameter that is determined / overwritten by the selected test procedure as described below.

[111] Testing of the hydrogen refueling station 1 may require predefined test — conditions, including hardware requirements to be met prior to starting a test. Thus, in an embodiment of the invention, the test fueling of the hydrogen station may involve checking if various predetermined test conditions are satisfied before the test fueling is continued, and optionally terminate the test condition if the predetermined test conditions are not satisfied. The predefined test conditions may involve several hardware requirements pertaining to the station, including e.g. the dispenser, but also

DK 2021 70295 A1 31 pertaining to the receiving vessel used in fueling tests. E.g. a dispenser is required to be able to fuel normally at the beginning of a test. Predefined test conditions may further involve specific pre-test conditions pertaining to specific ambient temperature, state of charge, pressure etc. Eg. in some tests the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) tank temperature may be required to be within the hot/cold soak temperatures defined in eg. SAE J2601. The pre-test conditions and hardware requirements may vary according to the selected test.

[112] More specifically, before a test can be made the nozzle 14 have to be connected to the vessel 2, and e.g. a release signal is required. In normal operation mode, the release signal is provided by the hydrogen station controller, when a customer has paid and thereby should be able to fuel. Thus, when testing, the test procedure may involve instructing the hydrogen station controller to provide the release signal. The release signal may be part of the test and/or test procedure, or it may be provided via manual operation of the test apparatus or of the hydrogen station, e.g. before a test is initiated.

18 Further, as part of at least some test procedures, the pressure or temperature in a storage 4 or vessel 2 have to reach a certain level before a test can start. It could of course also be part of a test not to start a fueling before requirements to temperature and / or pressure is fulfilled. Other requirements than the mentioned may be fulfilled in order to start a test, hence the station module and / or dispenser may be "not ready” for other reasons. Alternatively, or in addition, the test procedure may comprise overwriting the input from a sensor connected to the controller 10 to simulate a given pressure, temperature, etc. The simulation of a given pressure, temperature, flow, etc. may also be achieved by offsetting the input from a sensor connected to the controller 10. This offset may be specified by the selected test procedure.

[1137 As a next step S4 the test fueling is controlled based on at least one manipulated control parameter provided by the test apparatus 16 through the data communication link to the hydrogen station controller 10. In this exemplified embodiment of the invention, the manipulated control parameter is a temperature value, and the control parameter is a parameter representing a temperature value of a temperature sensor of — the hydrogen refueling station. The test apparatus then facilitates replacing the control

DK 2021 70295 A1 32 parameter, with the manipulated control parameter (a test value), so that the hydrogen station controller 10 operates the station according to the manipulated control parameter, which in this exemplified embodiment is the manipulated temperature value, instead of according to the control parameter (e.g. a operation value or signal received from a sensor, e.g. a temperature value). This forces the one or more control parameters to exceed one or more predefined thresholds for the control parameter that is manipulated, during the test fueling. By providing the hydrogen station controller with a manipulated control parameter of a test procedure, this step essentially simulates the occurrence of an anomaly or the occurrence of a specific condition during a use scenario of the station. An example of a test fueling could e.g. be fueling of a vehicle vessel 2 from the hydrogen refueling station. Examples of manipulated control parameters via the test procedure may e.g. comprise temperature, pressure and flow among others. Notice that more than one manipulated control parameter may be provided during a test fueling according to a test procedure. Also, the manipulated — control parameters applied during a test fueling may be of the same metric but having different values and they may also be of different metrics if specified by the test procedure.

[114] Optionally, the manipulated control parameter is achieved by adding an offset to a control parameter. This may eg be achieved by the having the test apparatus applying an offset to a control parameter, which is then provided to the hydrogen station controller 10, which thereby controls the test fueling according to the control parameter with the added offset.

[115] Hence, a manipulated control parameter is a control parameter, the value of which is different from the actual reading of that control parameter from a sensor or is — different from a calculation of the actual control parameter.

[116] Optionally, the test apparatus 16 may also instruct the hydrogen station controller 10 to apply an offset to a control parameter received by the hydrogen station controller, e.g. from temperature, pressure or flow sensors. Thereby the hydrogen station controller 10 may establish the manipulated control parameter according to the instructions received by the test apparatus 16. Notice that the way to establish and/or

DK 2021 70295 A1 33 provide a manipulated control parameter may be specified in the individual test procedures. This advantageously ensures that a wide range of tests may be performed by the test apparatus, since the test apparatus is not limited to only being able to establish and/or provide manipulated control parameters in one way.

[117] Further notice that a control parameter may be a sensor reading from e.g. one or more of the sensors of the list comprising: temperature sensor, flow sensor, pressure sensor. Such sensor readings comprise actual readings of temperature, flow and pressure from actual sensors measuring these parameters of the hydrogen station. Advantageously, it is thereby possible to include actual readings of temperature, flow and pressure in the test procedure, and further e.g. manipulate the actual sensor readings to provide a manipulated sensor reading signal to the hydrogen station controller, if required by the test fueling. This can e.g. be done by overwriting or adding an offset as described above. The sensor readings may e.g. be based on sensors positioned in the storage tank and/or in vessels, and/or in a dispenser. Nevertheless, sensor readings may further include other sensors such as e.g. ambient temperature sensors. Le. sensor readings can be acquired from different sections and/or components of the station, and thereby these sections and components can be tested i.e. the response from the controller 10 (how the station is operated) on a faulty reading or a too high / low reading can be tested.

[118] Optionally control parameters may comprise calculated values. One such example of a calculated control parameter is mass-averaged temperature, which is calculated based on time, temperature measurements and flow measurements.

[119] Optionally, manipulating a control parameter may comprise manipulating predefined thresholds of control parameters. Thereby the hydrogen station controller — may operate the hydrogen station according to manipulated predefined thresholds (threshold values). The predefined thresholds may be manipulated such that when the hydrogen station controller operates the hydrogen station according to the manipulated thresholds, the actual control parameters exceed the manipulated predefined thresholds, and thereby it is possible to test the response of the hydrogen station to — control values exceeding the thresholds, without actually manipulating the control

DK 2021 70295 A1 34 parameters. In some embodiments of the invention, a test procedure and/or test operation may comprise manipulating both thresholds of control parameters and control parameters, which is advantageous.

[120] Furthermore, in an implementation of the invention, one or more of the control S parameters may be received by the test apparatus 16 from the hydrogen station controller 10 and the test apparatus may then manipulate one or more control parameters and provided the manipulated control parameters to the hydrogen station controller. In this way, the test apparatus may manipulate the control parameters received from the bydrogen refueling station depending on the received control parameters and thereby provide the hydrogen station controller with a manipulated value of the control parameters based on the received control parameters, e.g. during a test procedure. In a different implementation according to the invention, the test apparatus may alternatively instruct the hydrogen station controller to manipulate the control parameters, to achieve said manipulated control parameters. Thereby, the test apparatus may not need to receive control parameters from the hydrogen refueling station controller, and thereby may only require the test apparatus to initiate a test fueling based on the test procedures, selected by the user, using the test apparatus.

[121] In a further implementation of the invention, control parameters may be received by the test apparatus. In this way, the control parameters may be monitored on the test apparatus during testing by for example a user. Thereby a user of the test apparatus may be able to obtain insight of the operation of the hydrogen refueling station during testing, and e.g. if a test is not successful, utilize the insight provided by the monitored control parameters, to e.g. figure out why a test was not successful. Also, this has the effect that it enables the test apparatus to e.g. store the received control parameters on — the test apparatus or alternatively send the received data, e.g. the received control parameters to a remote data storage server.

[122] In an embodiment of the invention, the manipulated control parameters may be stored and/or embedded in the hydrogen station controller. Thereby, the test apparatus may according to a selected and initiated test procedure, activate a test fueling on the

DK 2021 70295 A1 35 hydrogen refueling station, which applies the manipulated control parameters stored on the hydrogen station controller.

[123] In a next step S5 the hydrogen station controller 10 enters a test response mode when a control parameter exceeds at least one of the one or more predefined thresholds S for said control parameter that is manipulated. The response mode is essentially a way in which the hydrogen refueling station responds to a test fueling based on the simulated anomaly / the simulated condition provided by the manipulated control parameter, as dictated by the selected test procedure. Thereby, the way the hydrogen refueling station 1 responds to the manipulated control parameter may be observed as atest response / reaction in the test response mode that the hydrogen station enters as consequence of the manipulated control parameter. Based on the reaction of the station in the test respond mode, a technician carrying out the testing may evaluate if the station responded as it should according to e.g. standardized test requirements for that given test procedure, which may typically be specified in e.g. different regulations or standards. Thereby, the reaction of the hydrogen refueling station 1 to different anomalies or specific conditions may be tested in a safe way, without actually having the hydrogen refueling station 1 operating under real and in some cases extreme conditions that may could have caused damage to the station.

[124] Notice that the reaction in the test response mode that a hydrogen station should — enter in order to meet requirements of a given test standard may vary according to the selected test procedure and / or standard the station is tested according to. Some test procedures may e.g. test if the reaction of the test response mode of the hydrogen refueling station 1 terminates an ongoing fueling of the receiving vehicle tank 3 in response to a value of a (manipulated) control parameter exceeding a predefined threshold. E.g. a pressure reading from a receiving vehicle vessel 2 increasing above a predefined threshold for that pressure reading. Other tests may manipulate control parameters to simulate conditions to which the station should respond by entering a fallback mode during e.g. a fueling of a receiving vessel 2. The fallback mode may e.g. comprise decreasing, but not terminating, the hydrogen flow to a receiving vessel, e.g inresponse to a temperature value increasing above a predefined threshold.

DK 2021 70295 A1 36

[125] As described previously, the process of refueling may require the hydrogen refueling station to enter several states. Thus, some test procedures may require a reaction that the test response mode of the hydrogen refueling station 1 enter one or more of such states in response to the provided manipulated control parameters, in order for the station to comply with the requirements of the given tests. Thus briefly with reference to the previous description hereof, a reaction may according to an embodiment of the invention comprise entering one or more of the states including: the “ready state”, "pre-refueling state”, “Refueling Start Up State” , “Main Refueling State” and the “Refueling Stop State”. Optionally, the “Refueling stop state” may — include preparing for returning to the ready state. This advantageously has the effect that it enables testing of the stations ability to enter one or more of these different states, in response to a manipulated control parameter.

[126] In a further optional embodiment of the invention, the method is implemented on a test apparatus 16, which may be e.g. a tablet. However, in other embodiments of the invention, the test apparatus may be a computing device such as e.g. a laptop, a cellphone, and a control unit embedded in the hydrogen station.

[127] In an optional embodiment of the invention, the test response mode that a station enters /the reaction to a manipulated control parameter in a given test procedure is recorded and stored for each test procedure as a test result. This advantageously enables relevant authorities to evaluate and/or review the test results of the hydrogen station at any time, e.g. in relation to e.g. commissioning and/or audit of the hydrogen refueling station.

[128] Optionally, additional data may be recorded and stored before, during and/or after the test fueling, including e.g. control parameters. Examples of data that may be recorded and stored at the start, during or after a test could e.g. include: test location, dispenser make and serial number, date and time, station gas delivery temperature rating, station pressure rating, dispenser communication status, CHSS capacity (CHSS; Compressed Hydrogen Storage System), initial CHSS pressure, initial CHSS temperature, initial state of charge of the station and of the receiving vessel 2, imtial ambient temperature. Examples of data that may be recorded at the end of a test may

DK 2021 70295 A1 37 e.g. include: test location, dispenser make and serial number, date and time, final CHSS pressure, final CHSS temperature, final state of charge of the station and of the receiving vessel 2, final ambient temperature, actual fueling time, if the dispenser attempted to begin fueling or not, and the fault the dispenser recorded as why the fueling was terminated. In embodiments, this data / the value of this data may also be manipulated during the test i.e. be considered as a manipulated operation parameter.

[129] According to further embodiment of the invention, the recorded data may be stored on a remote data server, to enable documentation of the test and to enable inspection and evaluation of the test data at any time, and even if the test apparatus 16 should break. The remote server may advantageously e.g. be implemented as a cloud server to which the test apparatus and/or the hydrogen station controller is connected.

[130] Furthermore, any recorded data acquired in relation to e.g. at test fueling may be stored in a memory on the test apparatus 16, to enable readily available inspection of the recorded data on the test apparatus 16.

[131] Optionally, the test response mode may comprise establishing a test response message. In an implementation of the invention, the test response message may simply be dichotomous, meaning that the test response message may have two different outcomes. Thus e.g. when the hydrogen refueling station enters the test response mode ie. reacts in a certain way to a test procedure, it may issue a test response message comprising one of the two outcomes. Advantageously, this has the effect that the test response message may inform say a user e.g. if a test procedure was successful or not successtul without providing any excess information that may confuse an inexperienced user of the test apparatus, and thereby cause the user to spend additional time on figuring out a more complicated test response message. Notice that it is within the scope of the invention to include any thinkable form of dichotomous test response. An example of a dichotomous test response message may be whether the hydrogen refueling station performed according to e.g. test regulations and thereby passed the given selected test procedure or whether the test did not. Eg. a test passed message or a test failed message.

DK 2021 70295 A1 38

[132] In a further implementation of the invention, the test response may have more than two outcomes. This is advantageous in that it allows a test response to provide detailed information that goes beyond what may be provided by implementing e.g. a dichotomous response. This may be particularly useful for an experienced user of the invention, who in the event of a test error or fault may be able to solve the potential error or fault based on a more detailed test response message.

[133] According to an alternative implementation of the invention, the test response message may further comprise readings of control parameters obtained during the test procedure and/or information about the hydrogen station and the time and date of testing. Thereby is established detailed information of the readings of the control parameters and other data during a test procedure. Advantageously this information may e.g. be analyzed by an experienced user who thereby may be able to determine e.g. why a test procedure was not successful. The readings may for example comprise readings from sensors such as pressure, temperature and flow sensors of the hydrogen refueling station.

[134] The test response message may optionally be provided on a display portion of said test apparatus. Thereby, the user is able to obtain the test response message by watching the display of the test apparatus. Thereby, a hydrogen refueling stations that has no display may be tested with the test apparatus, since the test response message may be read directly on the display of the test apparatus. It should be understood that it 1s within the scope of the invention to provide the test response to a user in several different ways, such as for example via a display portion, such as for example via sound, such as via touch by for example vibrations, such as via a lamp.

[135] In an alternative implementation of the invention, the test response message may be provided on a display portion of the hydrogen refueling station. In such implementation, the test apparatus may not necessarily e.g. require a display or at least may only require a less advanced and/or less expensive display, since the display of the hydrogen station may be utilized by the test apparatus. Thereby, the test apparatus may be cheaper to build and service, and more durable. I is within the scope of the

DK 2021 70295 A1 39 invention to display information on more than one display, e.g. this may be a display on the hydrogen station and a display on e.g. the test apparatus.

[136] Notice that at least some of the above-described steps may be performed, at least partly, in parallel.

S [137] Fig. Ja and 3b illustrates an example of a test fueling of a minimum fuel delivery temperature fault test, which may be performed by the test apparatus according to the invention. The objective of the test is to confirm that the station / dispenser does not fuel / stops fueling if the fuel delivery temperature is below minus 40 degrees Celsius i.e. if the hydrogen temperature is below minus 40 degrees Celsius. Specifically, fig.

3a illustrates a representation of the temperature signal received by the hydrogen station controller 10 from a temperature sensor in the flow path 15 as a function of time during the test, with time on the x-axis 18 and temperature on the y-axis 17. Fig 4b illustrates the hydrogen flow via the flow path 15 to the receiving vessel 2 as a function of time during the test, with time on the x-axis 18 and mass flow rate on the 18 y-axis 22.

[138] With reference to the previously described method illustrated in fig. 2, the test is carried out by connecting the test apparatus 16 to the hydrogen station controller 10 via the data communication link. Then, a receiving vessel 2 is connected to the dispenser 12 of the hydrogen refueling station 1, and a user selects and initiates the minimum delivery fuel temperature test procedure on the test apparatus 16. This causes the test apparatus 16 to initiate a corresponding test fueling, defined by the selected test procedure, on the hydrogen refueling station 1 via the hydrogen refueling station controller 10. The test fueling is similar to the normal operation except for the fact, that the temperature input value which during normal operation is received from the temperature sensor is not manipulated by / according to the test procedure.

[139] Thereby, fueling of the receiving vessel 2 is started, under the condition that the control parameter — fuel delivery temperature - is kept above a fuel delivery temperature threshold of minus 40 degrees Celsius at first for a minimum of 10 seconds (at minus 30 degrees Celsius from T1 to T2). This causes the flow to the receiving

DK 2021 70295 A1 40 vessel and the fuel delivery temperature to ramp up 23, 19 to e.g. a steady state 20, 24, of minus 30 degrees Celsius. The flow range for light duty fueling may be in the range of 0-60 g/s, but typically lies within the range of 20-40 g/s.

[140] Then, subsequently (at time T2) the test apparatus replaces the fuel delivery S temperature signal received by the hydrogen station controller with a manipulated control parameter value, via the data communication link, thereby reducing the temperature to minus 50 degrees Celsius 21. The hydrogen station controller thereby operates the hydrogen refueling station according to the value of the manipulated control parameter 21, and thereby, this simulates the fuel delivery temperature signal to the desired test temperature less than minus 40 degrees Celsius. When the controller 10 now is controlling according to the manipulated value of minus 50 degrees Celsius, the reaction of the test response mode is illustrated as a fast drop in mass flow rate 25 and a final termination of the flow to the receiving vessel (at time T3), indicating that the dispenser stopped fueling within 5 seconds (i.e. before time T4) after the hydrogen — station controller received the manipulated control parameter, as required to pass this particular test.

[141] A different scenario is illustrated with a dashed line 26 in fig 4b. In this particular scenario, the hydrogen station, e.g. the hydrogen station controller, does not react to the manipulated control parameter 21 manipulating the temperature to minus 30 degrees Celsius, and thereby, the fueling continues 26 until the test fueling is eventually terminated 15 seconds (at time T5) after the hydrogen station controller 10 received the manipulated control parameter.

[142] As previously described with reference to fig. 2, the test data may optionally be recorded prior to starting the test, during testing and/or after testing.

[1437 According to an embodiment of the invention, a test fueling is terminated if the reaction of the test response mode does not meet requirements of the selected test and/or test procedure. The test apparatus and/or the hydrogen station controller may compare the reaction of the test response mode with a predetermined reaction to determine when a test is successful and when it is not. If the reaction of a test response

DK 2021 70295 A1 41 mode is not meeting the requirements of a test and/or test procedure, this means that the test was not successful. E.g., according to the above example, if the fueling is not stopped between time T2 and T4 in the above example, the test failed.

[144] Similarly, when fueling is not terminated within a time specified by the standard S according to which the station should comply, the test fails and the test fueling is terminated. According to an embodiment of the invention, the test fueling may be terminated after for example 10, 15 or 20 seconds after a failed or successful test. In this way, the test fueling is stopped if the test was not successful and thereby avoiding damage to be caused to the station by having a faulty station continue a test fueling, which may cause damaging and dangerous pressure and temperature levels.

[145] Another test procedure also relates to hydrogen temperature during fueling. In addition to the test described above, a fallback temperature threshold of e.g. 38 degrees Celsius is used, where fallback indicates that flow should be reduced to maintain a desired temperature. Hence, with reference to the above example, the hydrogen temperature is first manipulated to be e.g. 39 degrees Celsius which is above the fallback flow temperature threshold. When crossing this threshold without crossing the fuel delivery temperature (of e.g. 40 degrees Celsius), the flow rate should be derated in order to be able to continue fueling with hydrogen having a temperature above minus 40 degrees Celsius,

[146] One way of implementing such pre-cooling fall back test procedure could be to begin a main fueling event and after 30 seconds the fuel delivery temperature is forced to minus 32°C, triggering the pre-cooling fallback. After 40 seconds, the fuel delivery temperature is forced to minus 35°C to check if the ramp reverts to normal fueling (which it should not). After 60 seconds, the fuel delivery temperature is forced to — minus 25°C to check if dispenser triggers a second pre-cooling faliback (which tt should not). The timing and temperature levels are of cause just examples and the test could be established with alternative values of time and temperatures.

[147] The values (the operation parameters that are manipulated) is preferably predetermined and stored as part of the test procedure, but could also be adjusted inside / outside the various thresholds by the user onsite

[148] Hence, at test procedure may include manipulating at least one control parameter S several times i.e. at different points in times having different values.

[149] A similar test is preferably performed at the upper temperature end of the allowed hydrogen fuel temperature corridor to test if the hydrogen refueling station complies with standard requirements.

[150] From the above it is now clear that the present invention related to a method of testing a hydrogen refueling station onsite. As mentioned, the inventive method eliminates the need for manipulating the actual software of the controller of the station instead a user inexperienced in programming controllers is able to perform the test by use of the inventive method and apparatus. This new way of testing a hydrogen refueling station does not required high skilled persons in addition to onsite persons to perform test making the tests more efficient.

[151] As mentioned, when the test apparatus is connected to the hydrogen refueling station and the station is in test mode, a user is allowed to select and initiate a test procedure. The test procedure is either accessible from a memory on the test apparatus or on a remote memory accessible via data communication between the test apparatus and the remote memory.

[152] When started, the test apparatus without assistance from the user executes the test procedure meaning in one type of test that a value of a control parameter is changed to a predetermined value i.e. a manipulated control parameter is overriding the control parameter otherwise received by the controller from a sensor. — [153] To each test procedure a predefined reaction 1s expected and if achieved, the test is considered passed.

[154] The invention has been exemplified above with the purpose of illustration rather than limitation with reference to specific examples of methods and embodiments.

DK 2021 70295 A1 43

Details such as a specific method and system structures have been provided to give an understanding of embodiments of the invention.

Note that detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as to not obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary details.

It should be

— understood that the invention is not limited to the particular examples described above and that a person skilled in the art can also implement the invention in other embodiments without these specific details.

As such, the invention may be designed and altered in a multitude of varieties within the scope of the invention as specified in the claims.

DK 2021 70295 A1 44 List of reference signs: I. Hydrogen refueling station

2. Receiving vessel

3. Vehicle 4 Supply network

5. External hydrogen storage

6. Internal hydrogen storage

7. Temporary hydrogen storage

8. Compressor 9 Cooling system

10. Hydrogen station controller IL Enclosure

12. Dispenser

13. Hose 14 Nozzle

15. Supply lines

16. Test apparatus 17/22. Y-axis

18. X-axis 19-21. Temperature graph 23-26. Mass flow graph 81-85 Method steps

Claims

Claims I. A method of performing a test of a hydrogen refueling station; wherein said method COMPrises: establishing data communication between a test apparatus and a hydrogen station controller of said hydrogen refueling station; fluidly connecting a dispenser of said hydrogen refueling station to a receiving vessel; selecting via a user interface of the said test apparatus one or more test procedures of one or more predefined test procedures, wherein said one or more selected test procedures includes activating a fueling controlled by said hydrogen station controller, wherein said test fueling is controlled based on at least one manipulated control parameter received by said hydrogen station controller from said test apparatus, wherein during said test fueling, the hydrogen station controller operates said hydrogen refueling station according to said at least one manipulated control parameter, thereby forcing one or more control parameters to exceed one or more predefined thresholds for said control parameter that is manipulated, and wherein the hydrogen station controller enters a test response mode when at least one of said one or more control parameters exceeds at least one of said one or more predefined thresholds for said control parameter that 153 manipulated.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said receiving vessel is a hydrogen tank of a fuel cell vehicle.
3. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said receiving vessel is a test vessel.
4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more test procedures is automatically initiated when a first test procedure of said one or more test procedures is successfully performed.
5. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more test procedure are selected from a list comprising: pressure tolerance testing, fuel delivery temperature testing, mass flow testing, ambient temperature testing, initial pressure testing, cycle testing, measured pressure testing, measured temperature testing, tank volume testing, state of charge testing, target pressure testing.
6. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating at least a first and a second control parameter.
7. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating a first control parameter to have a first value for a first period of time.
8. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating a first control parameter to have at least a first value at a first point in time and a second value at a second point in time.
9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more test procedure comprises manipulating a first control parameter to have a second value for a second period of time.
10. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one manipulated operation parameter can be partly modified via said user interface, preferably within a predefined range.
11. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more control parameters comprises parameters including one or more of the list comprising: — temperature, pressure, flow, counts, time.
12. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more control parameters comprises sensor readings.
13. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said at Jeast one manipulated control parameter is defined by said test procedure.
14. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one manipulated control parameter includes at least one of the list comprising: temperature, pressure, flow, time, count.
15. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said > J > > at least one manipulated control parameter is calculated based on at least one measured control parameter.
16. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said one or more control parameters is automatically replaced by at least one manipulated control parameter.
17. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one manipulated control parameter can be modified via the user interface.
18. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein controlling said test fueling based on at least one manipulated control parameter comprises replacing a control parameter received by said hydrogen station controller with said manipulated control parameter provided by said test apparatus.
19. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test fueling comprises acquiring test data of control parameters and/or manipulated control — parameters.
20. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test response is a reaction to a test fueling made based on said manipulated control parameters.
21. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test response g y i mode comprises terminating a flow of hydrogen to the receiving vessel and/or entering — afallback.
22. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test response mode comprises issuing a test response message.
23. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a test response message and/or said acquired test data is stored on one or more of the list comprising: said test apparatus, said hydrogen refueling station, remote server, cloud server.
24. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test procedure and/or test fueling is terminated and/or enters a fallback mode when said predetermined threshold is exceeded by a control parameter during test fueling.
25. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test fueling is terminated when said predetermined threshold and/or limit is exceeded for at least I second, such as at least 2 seconds, such as for example at least 4 seconds, such as for example at least 10 seconds, such as for example at least 15 seconds, such as for example at least 5 seconds.
26. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said method comprises establishing a test mode of the hydrogen refueling station to enable test of said hydrogen refueling station.
27. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test fueling is determined based on said one or more selected test procedures.
28. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said test fueling comprises checking if a predetermined test condition is satisfied and terminating said
29. A test apparatus communicatively couplable via a data communication link to a hydrogen refueling station and configured to initiate test on the hydrogen refueling station; wherein said test apparatus comprises: a user interface configured to enable a user to select one or more test procedures, wherein said one or more test procedures are configured to manipulate at least one control parameter,

a data processor communicatively coupled to a data storage storing said one or more test procedures, wherein said one or more test procedures are configured to initiate one or more test fuelings on said hydrogen refueling station controlled by said hydrogen station controller based on manipulated control parameters.
30. The test apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said test apparatus is configured to initiate said method according to claim 1-28.
31. The test apparatus according to claim 29-30, wherein said data processor is configured to execute said one or more test procedures, and thereby initiate said one or more test fuelings on the hydrogen refueling station.
32. The test apparatus according to claim 29-31, wherein said data processor initiates said one or more test fuelings on said hydrogen refueling station via said hydrogen
33. The test apparatus according to claim 29-32, wherein said test procedures comprise executable instructions.
34. The test apparatus according to claim 29-33, wherein said test apparatus is portable.
35. The test apparatus according to claim 29-34, wherein said test apparatus is at least one of the list comprising: tablet, laptop, cellphone, smartphone.
36. The test apparatus according to claim 29-35, wherein said test apparatus comprises a battery couplable to an external battery charger.
37. The test apparatus according to claim 29-36, wherein said data communication link comprises a wireless transmitter and receiver.
38. The test apparatus according to claim 29-37, wherein said wireless transmitter and said receiver is a Wi-Fi receiver and Wi-Fi transmitter.
39. The test apparatus according to claim 29-38, wherein said data communication link is couplable by wire to said hydrogen refueling station.
40. The test apparatus according to claim 29-39, wherein said user interface comprises a touch sensitive display portion.
41. The test apparatus according to claim 29-40, wherein said test apparatus comprises a display portion. S
42. The test apparatus according to claim 29-41, wherein said test apparatus comprises a loudspeaker.
43. The test apparatus according to claim 29-42, wherein said test apparatus comprises a light source.
44. The test apparatus according to claim 29-43, wherein said test apparatus comprises a vibrating motor.
45. The test apparatus according to claim 29-44, wherein said test apparatus comprises a keyboard.
46. The test apparatus according to claim 29-45, wherein said test apparatus comprises a microphone.
47. The test apparatus according to claim 29-46, wherein said user interface is configured to enable a user to select of one or more test procedures.
48. The test apparatus according to claim 29-47, wherein said user interface is configured to enable modifications by a user of the one or more test procedures.
49. The test apparatus according to claim 29-48, wherein said user interface comprises — instructions to a user on how to perform a test procedure.
50. The test apparatus according to claim 29-49, wherein said user interface is configured to enable a user to select one or more tests comprising test steps, wherein said test steps are initiated sequentially one after another.
51. The test apparatus according to claim 29-50, wherein said user interface comprise a graphical user interface visualized on a display.
S2. The test apparatus according to claim 29-51, wherein said user interface is configured to enable a user to select and view historical test results.
53. The test apparatus according to claim 29-52, wherein said data storage includes a remote server and/or a cloud server. S
54 The test apparatus according to claim 29-53, wherein said data storage comprise memory embedded in said test apparatus.
55. A test system; comprising: a hydrogen refueling station, a test apparatus and a receiving vessel, according to any of the preceding claims.
56. A test system according to claim 55, wherein the system is configured to perform the method according to any of the claims 1-28.
S7. Use of the test apparatus according to any of the claims 29-54 to perform the method according to any of the claims 1-28.
58. Use of the system according to any of the claims 55-56 to perform the method according to any of the claims 1-28.