DK168502B1 - Electric air cable with light conductors and method for its manufacture. - Google Patents
Electric air cable with light conductors and method for its manufacture. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK168502B1 DK168502B1 DK596786A DK596786A DK168502B1 DK 168502 B1 DK168502 B1 DK 168502B1 DK 596786 A DK596786 A DK 596786A DK 596786 A DK596786 A DK 596786A DK 168502 B1 DK168502 B1 DK 168502B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- jacket
- parts
- cross
- sheath
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMVRXDZNYVJBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiron Chemical compound O=[Fe]=O WMVRXDZNYVJBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
- G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
- G02B6/4422—Heterogeneous cables of the overhead type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
- G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
- G02B6/4417—High voltage aspects, e.g. in cladding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4486—Protective covering
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
i DK 168502 B1in DK 168502 B1
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et elektrisk luftkabel med en kabelpart, der indeholder en lysleder, en kappe eller ka-belarmering, der omslutter kabelparten og består af et termoplastisk eller elastomert materiale, samt en forstærkning el-5 ler armering under eller over denne kappe, især med en metalfri forstærkning.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electric air cable having a cable portion containing a light guide, a sheath or cable reinforcement enclosing the cable portion and consisting of a thermoplastic or elastomeric material, and a reinforcement or reinforcement under or above this sheath, in particular. with a metal-free reinforcement.
Ved energiforsyning gennem højspændingsluftledninger kendes allerede (ETZ Nd 106 (1985) hæfte 4, side 154ff) et luftkabel med lysledere til kommunikation, hvor der med et såkaldt 10 "Weitspannluftkabel" kan opnås spændvidder på op til 435 m. De problemer, der optræder ved sådanne luftkabler, kan være af mekanisk art, såsom svingnings- eller belastningsproblemer, der i hvert fald kan mindskes ved passende armeringer af metallisk eller ikke-metallisk (dvs. metalfri) art.In energy supply through high voltage overhead lines (ETZ Nd 106 (1985) booklet 4, page 154ff), an air cable with light conductors for communication is already known, where with a so-called 10 "Weitspann air cable" can reach spans of up to 435 m. such air cables may be mechanical in nature, such as oscillation or load problems, which can at least be mitigated by appropriate reinforcements of metallic or non-metallic (i.e., metal-free) type.
15 Der kendes dog også allerede problemer af elektrisk art, der opstår i den isolerende kappe. I det elektriske felt fra faselederne i en højspændingsluftledning oplades kappen på overfladen, og på grund af den høje overflademodstand, der kan være op til 101^ Ω/cm, kan den inducerede ladning ikke strømme 20 bort. Tilsmudsning og fugtighed af forskellig art på overfladen af en kappe vil have til følge, at der også inden for spændingsfeltet af en højspændingsluftledning ppstår potentialeforskelle på det metalfri luftkabel, hvilket fører til krybe-strømsudladninger. Hertil kommer, at overfladen af kappen 25 tvinges ned på nulpotentialet på hver mast på grund af den metalliske ophængning, der er ledende forbundet med masten. Det er kendt, at dette fører til høje spændingsforskelle i området ved overgangen fra kappe til ophængning, og spændingsforskellene nedbrydes til stadighed gennem udladninger, der er ska-30 delige for luftkablet.15 However, electrical problems already encountered in the insulating jacket are already known. In the electric field from the phase conductors of a high voltage air line, the sheath is charged to the surface and due to the high surface resistance which can be up to 101 µΩ / cm, the induced charge cannot flow away. Dirt and moisture of various kinds on the surface of a jacket will result in potential differences also appearing within the voltage range of a high voltage air line on the metal-free air cable, which leads to creep current discharges. In addition, the surface of the casing 25 is forced down to the zero potential of each mast due to the metallic suspension conductively connected to the mast. It is known that this leads to high voltage differences in the area at the transition from sheath to suspension, and the voltage differences are constantly degraded through discharges that are harmful to the air cable.
På grundlag af denne kendte teknik er det formålet med opfindelsen at forøge driftssikkerheden af et kabel af den i indledningen nævnte art, som anvendes ved højspændingsluftledninger .In accordance with this prior art, it is an object of the invention to increase the reliability of a cable of the kind mentioned in the preamble which is used in high voltage overhead lines.
DK 168502 B1 2DK 168502 B1 2
Dette formål opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at kappens termoplas tiske eller elastomere materiale, som på kendt måde er bundet under fugtpåvirkning efter tilsætning af silanforbin-delser, indeholder tilsætningsstoffer, der er en kombination 5 af aluminiumoxidhydrat og jernoxid i en sådan mængde, at andelen af aluminiumoxidhydrat andrager ca. 30 - 80 dele og andelen af jernoxid 3-7 dele til 100 dele polymert isolerende kappemateriale til forøgelse af materialets krybestrømsmod-standsdygtighed. Den særlige fordel ligger i, at tilsætninger-10 ne fordeles jævnt over hele kabellængden og tværsnittet af kappen og er bundet i en ligeledes ensartet tværbunden poly-mermatrix. Dette giver et kabel, der er driftssikkert for det anførte formål, idet der selv ved samtidig optrædende påvirkninger af smuds og fugtighed i det elektriske felt ikke kan 15 forventes en beskadigelse eller forstyrrelse af det metalfri kabel gennem krybestrømme.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the thermoplastic or elastomeric material of the jacket, which is known to be bonded under moisture influence after the addition of silane compounds, contains additives which are a combination of alumina and iron oxide in such an amount that the proportion of alumina hydrate is approx. 30-80 parts and the proportion of iron oxide 3-7 parts to 100 parts of polymeric insulating jacket material for increasing the creep resistance of the material. The particular advantage lies in the fact that the additives are evenly distributed over the entire cable length and cross-section of the sheath and are bound in an equally uniform cross-linked polymer matrix. This provides a cable that is reliable for the stated purpose, since even with simultaneous influences of dirt and moisture in the electric field, no damage or disturbance to the metal-free cable can be expected through creep currents.
Kabel-kappen er krybestrømsmodstandsdygtig i hele sin længde. Dette indebærer den fordel, at det giver mulighed for en enkel montage sammenlignet med sådanne udførelsesformer, ved hvilke 20 man blot forsøger at beskytte det kendte kabel mod krybestrømme på de steder, hvor kablet hænges op i masten. Man opnår også en højere driftssikkerhed på grund af, at man takket være opfindelsen, i vid udstrækning opnår en uafhængighed af kvaliteten af montagearbejdet.The cable sheath is creep-resistant throughout its length. This has the advantage of allowing a simple assembly compared to such embodiments, in which one simply attempts to protect the known cable from creep currents in the places where the cable is suspended in the mast. It is also achieved a higher reliability due to the fact that thanks to the invention, a great deal of independence is achieved in the quality of the assembly work.
25 Den driftsklare kappe har den krævede krybestrømsmodstand, og fremstillingen af kapperne, deres ekstrudering såvel som den efterfølgende tværbinding forløber uden problemer.25 The ready-to-wear jacket has the required creep resistance, and the manufacture of the jackets, their extrusion as well as the subsequent cross-linking proceed smoothly.
I stedet for den nævnte tilsætning kan der også anvendes andre materialer, som forbedre krybestrømsmodstanden. I denne for-30 bindelse har stoffer, som titan- eller zinkoxid, vist sig at være hensigtsmæssige. 1 en yderligere udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen har det vist sig fordelagtigt, når der som materiale til kappen anvendes en DK 168502 B1 3 lineær polyethylen (LLDPE) med en massefylde på fra 0,88 til 0,95 g/cm3 eller alene en af dens copolymere eller blandet (tysk: als Verschnitt) med andre polymere. Som lineær polyethylen (LLDPE - lineares low density Polyethylen) betegner 5 man et polyethylenpolymerisat, som forener de karakteristiske egenskaber for lineær lavtrykspolyethylen (HDPE - high density Polyethylen) med egenskaberne for stærkt forgrenet højttryks-polyethylen (LDPE - low density Polyethylen). Strukturen af dette materiale, som fremstilles ved forskellige f remgangsmå -10 der ved forholdsvis lave tryk, indeholder - ligesom HDPE - kun meget kortkædede forgreninger. Polymerhovedkæden er dermed -ligesom ved HDPE - bestemmende for nogle væsentlige egenskaber ved makromolekylet. På grund af dette ligger smelteområdet for LLDPE med 120 - 125°C nær ved smelteområdet for HDPE. Afvigen-15 de fra HDPE og dermed igen på lignende måde som LDPE, er antallet af forgreninger væsentlig højere. Dette medfører, at tætheden eller massefylden og krystalliniteten nedsættes væsentligt. Betegnelsen LLDPE omfatter egenskaber som traditionelt forekommer modstridende, nemlig både en lineær molekyl-20 struktur og en lav massefylde (low density).Other materials may be used in place of said addition to improve creep resistance. In this compound, substances such as titanium or zinc oxide have proven to be appropriate. In a further embodiment of the invention, it has proved advantageous when using as a material for the sheath a DK 168502 B1 3 linear polyethylene (LLDPE) having a density of from 0.88 to 0.95 g / cm 3 or only one of its copolymers. or mixed (German: als Verschnitt) with other polymers. As linear polyethylene (LLDPE - linear low density polyethylene), a polyethylene polymer is used which combines the characteristics of linear low pressure polyethylene (HDPE - high density polyethylene) with the properties of highly branched high pressure polyethylene (LDPE - low density polyethylene). The structure of this material, which is produced by various processes -10 which at relatively low pressures, contains - like HDPE - only very short-chain branches. Thus, as with HDPE, the polymer backbone determines some essential properties of the macromolecule. Because of this, the melting range of LLDPE with 120 - 125 ° C is close to the melting range of HDPE. Deviating from HDPE and thus again in a similar manner to LDPE, the number of branches is significantly higher. This causes the density or density and crystallinity to be significantly reduced. The term LLDPE encompasses properties that traditionally appear contradictory, namely both a linear molecular structure and a low density.
Kapper fremstillet af et sådant materiale udmærker sig f.eks. ved en forhøjet slidstyrke, varmeformbestandighed såvel som kuldebestandighed. Hertil kommer, at ved fremstillingen af et kabel ifølge opfindelsen med ringere silan- og peroxidmængder, 25 end der normalt regnes med til tværbindingen, forløber tværbindingsprocessen under tilstedeværelsen af fugtighed hurtigere efter tilsætning af silanforbindelserne på basismolekylet af den lineære polyethylen. Ved en tilstrækkelig høj luftfugtighed kan man endda give afkald på anvendelsen af mættet damp 30 eller vandlagring. Fremstillingen af et kabel ifølge opfindelsen er derfor også billigere at iværksætte.Caps made of such material are distinguished e.g. at an increased abrasion resistance, heat resistance as well as cold resistance. In addition, in the preparation of a cable according to the invention with lower amounts of silane and peroxide than is normally expected for the cross-linking, the cross-linking process in the presence of humidity proceeds faster after the addition of the silane compounds to the base molecule of the linear polyethylene. Even with a sufficiently high humidity, the use of saturated steam 30 or water storage can be waived. The manufacture of a cable according to the invention is therefore also cheaper to launch.
Til fremstilling af et luftkabel ifølge opfindelsen kan man med fordel gå frem således, at basismaterialet først blandes med silankomponenten, og at silanen derefter tilsættes eller 35 podes på basispolymeren, at tilsætningerne indarbejdes i det DK 168502 B1 4 således forberedte basismateriale og fordeles homogent, og at kappen endelig udformes og udsættes for fugtighed for at opnå tværbindingen. Opfindelsen hviler på den erkendelse, at basispolymeren først må gøres tværbindingsegnet, for at sikre den 5 senere ensartede tværbinding selv i forskellige tværsnit, før de tilsætningsstoffer, der er væsentlige for forbedringen af krybestrømsmodstandsdygtigheden, indblandes i det materiale, der på forhånd er forprogrammeret for tværbindings forløbet.For the preparation of an air cable according to the invention, it is advantageous to proceed so that the base material is first mixed with the silane component and then the silane is added or grafted onto the base polymer, the additions are incorporated into the base material thus prepared and distributed homogeneously, and that the jacket is finally formed and exposed to moisture to obtain the crosslinking. The invention rests on the recognition that the base polymer must first be made crosslinkable to ensure the subsequent uniform crosslinking even in different cross sections before the additives essential for the enhancement of creep resistance are mixed in the pre-programmed crosslinking material. process.
yderligere kvalitetsforbedringer af slutproduktet kan opnås 10 under fremstillingsforløbet ved, at indblandingen af tilsætningsstoffer i det med silan podede (tysk: gepfropfte) basismateriale sker ved temperaturer mellem 100°C og 140°C.further quality improvements of the final product can be achieved during the manufacturing process by the addition of additives in the silane grafted (German: gepfropfte) base material at temperatures between 100 ° C and 140 ° C.
Det er også hensigtsmæssigt at tværbindingskatalysatoren til tværbindingen under indvirkning af fugtighed først iblandes 15 umiddelbart før formgivningen af den tværbindelige kappe. Tidlige tværbindinger efter tilsætning af metaloxid, hydrat og lignende undgås på denne måde.It is also convenient that the cross-linking catalyst for the cross-linking, under the influence of moisture, is first mixed immediately prior to the shaping of the cross-linking sheath. Early cross-linking after addition of metal oxide, hydrate and the like is avoided in this way.
Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere ud fra nogle blandingseksempler såvel som ud fra de i fig. 1 og 2 viste 20 udførelseseksempler.The invention will now be explained in greater detail with reference to some mixing examples as well as from those of FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate 20 embodiments.
Blandinaseksempel.Blandinaseksempel.
Polyethylencopolymerpolyethylene copolymer
(copolymerandel ca. 20%) 100 dele J(copolymer fraction about 20%) 100 parts J
Vinyltrimethoxysilan 1,7 dele > AVinyl trimethoxysilane 1.7 parts> A
25 Peroxid (f.eks.- dicumylperoxid) 0,006 dele^Peroxide (e.g., dicumyl peroxide) 0.006 parts ^
Polyethylencopolymer (copolymerandel ca. 30%) 20 dele "Polyethylene copolymer (copolymer content approx. 30%) 20 parts "
AluminiumoxidhydratAluminum oxide hydrated
30 (Martinal OL 104 C fra Fa. Martinswerke) 42 dele · B30 (Martial Olympics 104 C from Fa. Martinswerke) 42 parts · B
Jernoxid (Fe204) 5 deleIron oxide (Fe2O4) 5 parts
Stabilisator (Anos HB) 0,5 dele ^ DK 168502 B1 5Stabilizer (Anos HB) 0.5 parts ^ DK 168502 B1 5
Polyethylencopolymer (copolymerandel ca. 15%) 100 dele l cPolyethylene copolymer (copolymer content approx. 15%) 100 parts l c
Katalysator (Naftovin S) 0,85 deleJCatalyst (Naftovin S) 0.85 partsJ
Polyethylenkomponenten i blandingseksemplet kan f.eks. også 5 erstattes af en ethylenpropylenkautsjuk eller den ovennævnte LLDPE.The polyethylene component of the blend example can e.g. also 5 is replaced by an ethylene propylene rubber or the aforementioned LLDPE.
Til fremstilling af en krybestrømsmodstandsdygtig kappe til luftkabler går man eksempelvis frem således, at man først indgiver polymermaterialet sammen med silanen og deri opløst per-10 oxid svarende til A i en såkaldt podeekstruder i dennes indføringstragt, og silanen tilsættes eller podes på PE-copolyme-ren, dvs. gøres tværbindelig. Det således behandlede PE-basis-materiale ekstruderes og granuleres.For example, to produce a creep-resistant jacket for air cables, it is proceeded, for example, to first administer the polymeric material together with the silane and dissolved peroxide corresponding to A in a so-called graft extruder in its introductory funnel, and the silane is added or seeded onto the PE copolymer. clean, ie made cross-linkable. The thus treated PE base material is extruded and granulated.
Parallelt hermed fremstilles ifølge B en højkoncentreret blan-15 ding (Batch) , der som tilsætningsstoffer indeholder aluminium-oxidhydrat og jernoxid for at forbedre krybestrømsmodstands-dygtigheden. En egnet æltemaskine kan med fordel anvendes til blanding af de enkelte bestanddele. En blanding eller en såkaldt "Batch" svarende til C kan endvidere med fordel frem-20 stilles i en æltemaskine, denne blanding indeholder tværbindingskatalysatoren .In parallel, according to B, a highly concentrated mixture (Batch) is prepared which, as additives, contains aluminum oxide hydrate and iron oxide to improve creep resistance. A suitable kneading machine can advantageously be used for mixing the individual components. A mixture or a so-called "batch" corresponding to C can also be advantageously prepared in a kneading machine, this mixture containing the crosslinking catalyst.
Efter granulering af den tværbindelige basisblanding A blandes denne sammen med den højkoncentrerede blanding B, f.eks. i en egnet æltemaskine eller et tilsvarende blandingsaggregat, og 25 blandingen tilføres derefter indføringstragten i en ekstruder til kontinuerlig fremstilling af kappen ifølge opfindelsen. Blandingen svarende til C indgives tidligst i udformningsekstruderen, under blandings- og homogeniseringsfasen i ekstruderen fordeles tværbindingskatalysatoren tilstrækkeligt homo-3 0 gent.After granulation of the crosslinkable base mixture A, it is mixed with the highly concentrated mixture B, e.g. in a suitable kneading machine or similar mixing assembly, and then the mixture is fed into the hopper in an extruder for continuous manufacture of the jacket of the invention. The mixture corresponding to C is administered at the earliest in the extruder, during the mixing and homogenization phase of the extruder, the cross-linking catalyst is sufficiently homogeneously distributed.
Fig. 1 viser et metalfrit luftkabel, der er opbygget ifølge opfindelsen, med en lysleder (LWL), og DK 168502 B1 6 fig. 2 viser et eksempel på, hvorledes sådanne højspændingsledninger kan udspændes i fri luft over land.FIG. 1 shows a metal-free air cable constructed according to the invention with a light conductor (LWL), and DK 168502 B1 6 fig. 2 shows an example of how such high voltage lines can be stretched in free air over land.
Omkring en isolerende kabelkerne 1 er de hule ledere 2 snoet, og lyslederne 3 ligger inden i de hule ledere 2. Denne snoning 5 er omgivet af den isolerende kappe eller kabelarmering 4, der ifølge opfindelsen består af et krybestrømsmodstandsdygtigt polymermateriale, som efter tilsætning eller "podning" med silan er tværbundet ved fugtighed. En armering 5 bestående f.eks. af meget kraftige kunststoftråde, f.eks. på basis af 10 aromatiske homo- eller copolyamid, tjener til optagelse af trækkræfter.Around an insulating cable core 1, the hollow conductors 2 are twisted, and the light conductors 3 lie within the hollow conductors 2. This twist 5 is surrounded by the insulating sheath or cable reinforcement 4, which according to the invention consists of a creep-resistant polymeric material which, after addition or " grafting "with silane is crosslinked by moisture. A reinforcement 5 comprising e.g. of very strong plastic wires, e.g. on the basis of 10 aromatic homo- or copolyamide, serves to absorb tensile forces.
Til forskel fra dette udførelseseksempel kan et sådant luftkabel også indeholde en metallisk armering eller der kan i kabelkernen under kappen være anbragt metalliske kommunikations-15 ledere.Unlike this exemplary embodiment, such an air cable may also contain a metallic reinforcement or metallic communication conductors may be located in the cable core under the jacket.
Fig. 2 viser den i dag anvendte montering af et luftkabel med LWL i energiforsyningsområdet. Jordlederen 8 såvel som de tre faseledere 9 er udspændt mellem de to master 6 og 7, der f.eks. kan stå i en indbyrdes afstand på 400 m. I en afstand 20 på f.eks. 6 m fra faselederne 9 befinder sig et luftkabel 11, der er opbygget som vist i fig. 1, og er fastgjort via de metalliske og jordede ophæng 10 på masterne 6 og 7. Specielt i området omkring disse ophæng må der ved et metalfrit luftkabel regnes med forøget påvirkninger på grund af krybestrømme, der 25 induceres i overfladen af kappen 4. Ved tilsvarende og i drift uundgåelige yderligere elektriske påvirkninger på grund af smuds og fugt, svingninger af kablet, særlige bebyggelser og lignende, udsættes dog også andre kabelafsnit for krybestrømme. Dette af hjælper opfindelsen ligeledes på grund af den spe-30 cielle opbygning af kappen.FIG. Figure 2 shows today's installation of an air cable with LWL in the energy supply area. The ground conductor 8 as well as the three phase conductors 9 are clamped between the two masts 6 and 7, e.g. can stand at a distance of 400 m from each other. 6 m from the phase conductors 9 is an air cable 11 which is constructed as shown in FIG. 1, and is attached via the metallic and grounded suspensions 10 to the masts 6 and 7. Especially in the area around these suspensions, increased influences due to creep currents induced in the surface of the envelope 4 can be counted on by the metal. and in operation, unavoidable additional electrical influences due to dirt and moisture, oscillations of the cable, special buildings and the like, however, other cable sections are also subjected to creep currents. This also aids the invention because of the special construction of the jacket.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3544085 | 1985-12-13 | ||
| DE19853544085 DE3544085A1 (en) | 1985-12-13 | 1985-12-13 | Electrical aerial (overhead) cable containing optical waveguides (optical fibres) |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK596786D0 DK596786D0 (en) | 1986-12-11 |
| DK596786A DK596786A (en) | 1987-06-14 |
| DK168502B1 true DK168502B1 (en) | 1994-04-05 |
Family
ID=6288355
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK596786A DK168502B1 (en) | 1985-12-13 | 1986-12-11 | Electric air cable with light conductors and method for its manufacture. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT394115B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE905892A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH672031A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3544085A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK168502B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2591792B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1199308B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8603160A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE467850B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6127625A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-10-03 | Professional Communications, S.A. | Transmission conduit and method of installation of same |
| US6191354B1 (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 2001-02-20 | Professional Communications, S. A. | Transmission conduit and method of installation |
| DE10032247A1 (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-17 | Scc Special Comm Cables Gmbh | Metal-free, self-supporting optical cable and method for mounting the optical cable |
| DE10046581A1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-28 | Scc Special Comm Cables Gmbh | Method for producing cable structure with optical cable and bracing element, has section control element applied to bracing element and cable's external circumference to enclose lengthwise cable stretch crossover |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3732425A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1973-05-08 | Gen Electric | Light conduit with double cladding |
| US4001128A (en) * | 1972-07-21 | 1977-01-04 | Raychem Corporation | High voltage insulating materials |
| DE2426100A1 (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1975-12-18 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Plastics cable sheath cross linked by silane grafting - without premature cross linking due to moisture |
| DE2519018A1 (en) * | 1975-04-29 | 1976-11-11 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | High-tension electric cable thermoplastic or elastomeric insulation - contg. tension- stabilising additives filling or lining cavities |
| NZ190052A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1980-11-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Water-curable silane-modified alkylene alkylacrylate copolymers |
| DE2847384A1 (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1980-05-14 | Siemens Ag | High tension proof optical communication cable - with polyurethane epoxy! or polyester filling and sheath of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane or polyester |
| JPS5695940A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1981-08-03 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Ethylene polymer composition |
| JPS58162911A (en) * | 1982-03-23 | 1983-09-27 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Optical communication line for joint use of overhead line |
| JPS59226413A (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1984-12-19 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Optical composite cable |
| JPS6026910A (en) * | 1983-07-23 | 1985-02-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber core |
| DE3504041A1 (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-01-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | OPTICAL CABLE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE LEADERS |
-
1985
- 1985-12-13 DE DE19853544085 patent/DE3544085A1/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-06-12 FR FR868608476A patent/FR2591792B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-05 CH CH4859/86A patent/CH672031A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-09 AT AT0326486A patent/AT394115B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-10 BE BE0/217511A patent/BE905892A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-11 IT IT48736/86A patent/IT1199308B/en active
- 1986-12-11 NL NL8603160A patent/NL8603160A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-12-11 DK DK596786A patent/DK168502B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-12 SE SE8605352A patent/SE467850B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH672031A5 (en) | 1989-10-13 |
| FR2591792A1 (en) | 1987-06-19 |
| FR2591792B1 (en) | 1990-06-22 |
| DE3544085A1 (en) | 1987-06-19 |
| ATA326486A (en) | 1991-07-15 |
| DE3544085C2 (en) | 1991-08-22 |
| SE8605352D0 (en) | 1986-12-12 |
| AT394115B (en) | 1992-02-10 |
| SE467850B (en) | 1992-09-21 |
| BE905892A (en) | 1987-04-01 |
| IT8648736A0 (en) | 1986-12-11 |
| DK596786A (en) | 1987-06-14 |
| IT1199308B (en) | 1988-12-30 |
| SE8605352L (en) | 1987-06-14 |
| NL8603160A (en) | 1987-07-01 |
| DK596786D0 (en) | 1986-12-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4096346A (en) | Wire and cable | |
| AU721027B2 (en) | Water tree resistant insulating composition | |
| US3433891A (en) | Graded insulated cable | |
| JPH11120825A (en) | Cable and fire resistant polymer composition | |
| JPH11111061A (en) | Cable, and fire-resistant polymer composition | |
| JP5201567B2 (en) | Tube made of a crosslinkable polyethylene composition | |
| DE60117365T2 (en) | ELECTRICALLY INSULATING RESIN COMPOSITION AND ELECTRIC WIRE OR CABLE BOTH COATED THEREOF | |
| DE2451451C3 (en) | Method for sheathing an electrical conductor | |
| DE69826986T2 (en) | EXTRUDED SELF-REGULATING CABLES AND THEIR MANUFACTURE | |
| DK168502B1 (en) | Electric air cable with light conductors and method for its manufacture. | |
| AU606721B2 (en) | Electrical wire with insulating mineral layer | |
| EP0880302B1 (en) | Heating cable and method producing the same | |
| CA1319401C (en) | Electrical wire and cable | |
| US3632720A (en) | Method of fabricating cables | |
| CA2353639C (en) | Method for producing electrical cables coated with cross-linked polyethylene | |
| EP0148416A2 (en) | Polymer composition for sheathing cables and conductors | |
| EP1148518A1 (en) | A process for producing cross-linked polyethylene coated conducting wires | |
| JP3414576B2 (en) | Wiring cable for low voltage | |
| CN113411925B (en) | Tear-resistant series constant-power electric tracing band | |
| AU606440B2 (en) | Electrical wire with insulating mineral layer | |
| EP0298246B1 (en) | Track-resistant insulating shaped parts | |
| JP3835056B2 (en) | Recyclable power cable | |
| CN107841120A (en) | A kind of polycarbonate modified cable material of tension and preparation method thereof | |
| AU606439B2 (en) | Electrical wire with insulating mineral layer | |
| DE2305444B1 (en) | Unvulcanised ethylene - propylene copolymer compsns - contg. waxes and active fillers, for jacketing bridge-cables and pipes at high speed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
| PBP | Patent lapsed |