DK168033B1

DK168033B1 - Rescue apparatus

Info

Publication number: DK168033B1
Application number: DK613387A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Per Klokseth
Original assignee: Per Klokseth
Priority date: 1986-11-24
Filing date: 1987-11-23
Publication date: 1994-01-24
Also published as: SE8604999D0; FI84024C; DK613387D0; FI874946A0; NO168807C; DK613387A; NO873820D0; FI874946A; FI84024B; NO873820L; NO168807B; SE452951B

Description

DK 168033 B1DK 168033 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et redningsapparat af den i krav 1's indledning angivne art.The present invention relates to a rescue apparatus of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Et sådant apparat kendes fra NO patentskrift 43.650. Dette kendte apparat har en forholdsvis kompliceret og pladskrævende opbygning og er udsat for korrosion og blokering ved længere 5 tids opbevaring i fugtigt miljø. Den vigtigste ulempe ved dette apparat er imidlertid, at brem-semekanismen er vanskelig at tilpasse til personer med forskellig legemsvægt. Brugen af en vægtbelastning til at skabe en bremseeffekt vil i alle tilfælde være uhensigtsmæssig ved praktisk anvendelse.Such an apparatus is known from NO patent 43,650. This known apparatus has a relatively complicated and space-consuming structure and is subject to corrosion and blockage by prolonged 5-hour storage in a humid environment. The main disadvantage of this apparatus, however, is that the braking mechanism is difficult to adapt to persons of different body weights. The use of a weight load to create a braking effect will in all cases be inappropriate in practical application.

10 Fra US patentskrift 659.093 kendes en redningsline med en sporforsynet friktionslinerulle an-ordnet i et hus med to sideplader og en nedadtil beliggende sammenbindingsdel anordnet mellem redningslinens to parter. Linerullens periferi er fortandet og danner et spærrehjul samvirkende med en spærrehage. En modvægt presser spærrehagen mod linerullen og er beregnet til at hindre denne i at rotere i redningslinens nedfiringsretning. Oven for linerullen er an-15 bragt en drejelig, krum friktionsarm, hvis ene ende har en til redningslinen svarende udskæring, og hvis anden ende har et antal huller for ophængning af anordningen.US Patent No. 659,093 discloses a rescue line having a grooved friction line roller arranged in a housing with two side plates and a downwardly located connecting portion arranged between the two sides of the rescue line. The periphery of the liner roll is toothed and forms a ratchet wheel cooperating with a ratchet. A counterweight pushes the latch against the liner roller and is intended to prevent it from rotating in the downward direction of the lifeline. Above the line roller is arranged a rotatable, curved friction arm, one end of which has a cutout corresponding to the lifeline and the other end of which has a number of holes for hanging the device.

Ved nedfiring af en person låser spærrehagen friktionslinerullen, og friktionsarmen presser redningslinen mod friktionsrullen. Nedfiringen bremses ved linens friktion mod linerullen og ud-20 skæringen, hvorved den nedfirede person samtidig holder imod i den frie linepart og dermed bestemmer nedfiringshastigheden.When shooting down a person, the ratchet locks the friction line roller, and the friction arm presses the lifeline toward the friction roller. The drawdown is slowed down by the friction of the line against the line roll and the cut-out, whereby the downed person simultaneously holds in the free line portion and thus determines the downward speed.

Denne redningsline kan kun anvendes af personer, som selv er i stand til at regulere nedfiringshastigheden. Friktionslinerullen har nemlig en meget lille effektiv omslutningsvinkel og 25 dermed lav bremseeffekt, eftersom friktionsarmen anligger på skivens nedfiringsside, og der ikke findes anordninger, som kan bringe en opadgående, ubelastet linepart til anlæg mod linerullen.This lifeline can only be used by people who are themselves capable of regulating the downhill speed. Namely, the friction line roller has a very small effective turning angle and thus low braking power, since the friction arm rests on the downhill side of the disc and there are no devices capable of bringing an upward, unloaded line portion to abutment against the line roller.

Den modvægtsbelastede spærrehage kan ruste eller klemme fast, især ved permanent instal-30 lation, og derved udebliver fastlåsningen af linerullen. Endvidere fungerer en sådan spærrehage ikke ved sideskrånende stilling af linerullen, fx på en vindueskarm. Anordningen af en kombineret ophængnings- og friktionsbremseanordning indebærer endvidere stor risiko for funktionsforstyrrelser i sidstnævnte, fx på grund af fastrustning.The counterweight loaded latch can rust or clamp, especially during permanent installation, thereby locking the liner roller off. Furthermore, such a latch does not work in the side-sloping position of the line roller, for example on a window sill. Furthermore, the arrangement of a combined suspension and friction brake device involves a high risk of malfunction in the latter, for example due to fixed armor.

35 På grund af de ovennævnte ulemper ved kendte redningsapparater er formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse at anvise et redningsapparat, som er billigt og dermed kan monteres i forebyggende øjemed i stort antal, kan anvendes af en enkelt person, selv om denne er skadet DK 168033 B1 2 eller har nedsat legemskraft, har en sikker funktion, som ikke kan nedsættes eller umuliggøres på grund af lagringsskader, og som har en enkel konstruktion med få bevægelige dele.Due to the aforementioned disadvantages of known rescue devices, the object of the present invention is to provide a rescue device which is inexpensive and thus can be mounted for preventive purposes in large numbers, can be used by a single person, although it is damaged DK 168033 B1 2 or has reduced body power, has a safe function which cannot be reduced or impossible due to storage damage, and which has a simple construction with few moving parts.

Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved at indrette det indledningsvis omtalte redningsapparat på 5 den måde, som fremgår af krav 1's kendetegnende del.This is achieved according to the invention by arranging the rescue device mentioned above in the manner shown in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Ved et sådant apparat elimineres de ovennævnte ulemper ved kendte redningsapparater, og man opnår en sikker fastlåsning af friktionsrullen under en nedfiringsoperation, selv om linerullen er skråtstillet i sideretningen, en kraftig bremsningseffekt på grund af, at linen har en stor 10 effektiv friktionsomslutningsvinkel, og en sikker ophængning af apparatet funktionelt adskilt fra dets friktionsbremsedele.In such an apparatus, the above-mentioned drawbacks of known rescue devices are eliminated and a secure locking of the friction roller is achieved during a downhill operation, even though the line roller is inclined in the side direction, a strong braking effect because the line has a large effective friction wrapping angle, and a secure suspension of the apparatus functionally separate from its friction brake parts.

Endvidere bliver det muligt at anvende en redningsline, hvis længde modsvarer indfæstnings-højden i stedet for den dobbelte højde.Furthermore, it becomes possible to use a lifeline whose length corresponds to the mounting height instead of the double height.

1515

Ved brug låses under belastning af linen linerullen af boltene på en sådan måde, at linen glider i linerullens kilespor, og linen desuden passerer mellem to tappe anbragt i den nederste ende af de to sideplader for at holde linen ind mod kilesporet og dermed øge omslutningsvinklen.In use, under the load of the line, the line roller is locked by the bolts in such a way that the line slides into the line roller wedge groove, and the line further passes between two pins located at the lower end of the two side plates to hold the line against the wedge track and thus increase the angle of enclosure.

Ved den korteste ende, når redningslinen er sammenrullet, er fastgjort en redningssele fremstil-20 let af et herfor egnet blødt materiale. Redningslinen er endvidere anbragt i en kassette forsynet med et skydelåg med udløsningssnøre. Når man ved hjælp af udløsningssnøren trækker skydelåget lidt ned, frigøres kassetten og kan kastes ud gennem eksempelvis et vindue med linens lange ende. Endvidere kan linen, som løber rundt om friktionslinerullen, let hales op igen til udgangsstilling, eftersom skiven uden belastning frit snurrer tilbage.At the shortest end, when the lifeline is rolled up, a lifeguard is made of a suitable soft material. The lifeline is also arranged in a cassette provided with a sliding lid with release lanyard. When the slider is pulled down slightly, the cassette is released and can be ejected through, for example, a window with the long end of the rope. Furthermore, the line running around the friction line reel can easily be re-raised to the starting position since the disc freely spins back without load.

2525

Som det fremgår af det ovenstående, er friktionslineskiven fastlåst og roterer ikke, når redningslinen anvendes for at fire en person ned. Det gør derfor ingenting, hvis lineskiven eventuelt skulle være fastrustet, eftersom den i alle tilfælde ikke er beregnet til at rotere under nedfiringen. Det værste, som kan ske, er, at det bliver sværere at trække linen op igen til brug for 30 yderligere personer.As can be seen from the above, the friction line disk is locked and does not rotate when the lifeline is used to fire a person. Therefore, it does not matter if the line disc should possibly be fixed, since it is not in all cases intended to rotate during the downpour. The worst thing that can happen is that it becomes more difficult to pull the line up again for 30 more people.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere i forbindelse med tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser et redningsapparat ifølge opfindelsen set fra siden med den forreste sideplade 35 fjernet, og hvor en redningsline løber rundt om en friktionslineskive styret af en indre og en ydre tap eller bolt, fig. 2 samme set fra den ene ende og hvor selve lineskiven med et kilespor er beliggende mellem to sideplader og ophængt i et fastgørelsesbeslag, imm i _________ ____ DK 168033 B1 3 fig. 3 en kassette set forfra med aftaget skydelåg og indeholdende redningsapparatet ifølge fig. 1, en opviklet redningsline og en redningssele, fig. 4 samme set fra oven med påsat skydelåg og forsynet med en udløsningssnøre, hvorved kassetten har en udskæring for passage af fastgørelsesbeslaget, og 5 fig. 5 illustrerer, hvorledes en person firer sig ned efter flugt gennem et vindue, hvorved det fremgår, at selve kassetten med den længste lineende er kastet ned på jorden.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be explained in more detail in connection with the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a rescue apparatus according to the invention with the front side plate 35 removed, wherein a rescue line runs around a friction line disk guided by an inner and an outer pin or bolt; FIG. 2 the same view from one end and where the line disc itself with a keyway is located between two side plates and suspended in a fastening bracket, imm in _________ ____ DK 168033 B1 3 fig. 3 is a front view of a cassette with a sliding cover and containing the rescue apparatus according to FIG. 1, an unwound lifeline and a rescue harness; FIG. Fig. 4 is a top view of the sliding lid fitted with a release cord, the cassette having a cutout for passage of the fastening bracket; 5 illustrates how a person descends after flight through a window, showing that the cartridge with the longest line end is thrown to the ground.

På tegningen vises en redningsline A, som løber over en friktionslineskive B med et kileformet spor C for linen. Friktionslineskiven har et centralt overdimensioneret akselhul D. Skiven løber 10 mellem to bolte E og E\ som er fast forankret i to, et hus udgørende sideplader F. Afstanden mellem boltene E og E' er ubetydeligt større end forskellen mellem friktionslineskivens B yderradius og det centrale akselhuls D radius. Det af sideplademe F dannede hus har et fastgørelsesbeslag G for permanent fastgørelse af redningsapparatet til eksempelvis en vindueskarm.The drawing shows a rescue line A which runs over a friction line disk B with a wedge-shaped groove C for the line. The friction line disk has a central oversized shaft hole D. The disk runs 10 between two bolts E and E \ which are firmly anchored in two, a housing consisting of side plates F. The distance between bolts E and E 'is insignificantly greater than the difference between the outer radius of the friction line disk B and the central axle shaft D radius. The housing formed by the side plates F has a fastening bracket G for permanently fastening the rescue device to, for example, a window frame.

H betegner to tappe placeret i den nedre ende af de to sideplader F. Redlingslinens A to parter 15 passerer mellem tappene H, som derved bestemmer linens strækning om friktionslineskiven B og linens omslutningsvinkel mod friktionslineskiven. Derved er linens nedadgående, med M betegnet, belastede linepart beliggende på friktionslineskivens bolten E' modstående side, medens den ubelastede returpart N passerer ved bolten E'.H denotes two pins located at the lower end of the two side plates F. The two parts 15 of the redlining line A pass between the pins H, thereby determining the distance of the line about the friction line disk B and the angle of closure of the line against the friction line disk. Thereby, the downward line of the line, denoted by M, is the loaded line portion located on the opposite side of the friction line disk bolt E, while the unloaded return portion N passes at the bolt E '.

20 Fig. 3 viser et apparat ifølge opfindelsen pakket i en kassette J i beredskab til umiddelbar brug.FIG. 3 shows an apparatus according to the invention packed in a cartridge J in readiness for immediate use.

Den for belastning og nedfiring beregnede linepart M er fastbundet i en redningssele I. Den ubelastede linepart N er sammenrullet i kassetten og foretrukket fastgjort i denne med sin frie ende (ikke vist). Kassetten indesluttet endvidere under opbevaring lineskiven B og dennes omsluttende sideplader F og har en udskæring for passage af fastgørelsesbeslaget G. Kasset-25 ten er dækket af et kun i fig. 4 vist skydelåg K med en udløsningssnøre L.The load portion M intended for loading and unloading is secured in a rescue harness I. The unloaded line portion N is rolled into the cassette and preferably fastened therein with its free end (not shown). The cassette is further enclosed during storage of the line disk B and its enclosing side plates F and has a cut-out for passage of the fastening bracket G. The cassette 25 is covered by a cover only in fig. 4, slide cover K with a release lace L.

Ved anvendelse af redningsapparatet trækker man med udløsningssnøren L skydelåget K et stykke ned, således at lineskiven og dens hus frigøres fra kassetten J. Derpå kastes kassetten ned, eksempelvis ud gennem et vindue, hvorved den ubelastede linepart N vikles ud fra kas-30 setten, som vist i fig. 5. Derpå fører den person, som skal reddes, redningsselen I over hovedet og under armene. Ved at holde imod i den ubelastede linepart N bringes friktionslineskiven B i bremsestilling, som nærmere forklaret nedenfor, og en rolig nedfiring påbegyndes. I begyndelsen kan derved nedfiringshastigheden bremses ved, at man holder imod i den ubelastede linepart N. Som nævnt tidligere modsvarer redningslinens hele længde indfæstningshøj-35 den. Slutfasen af nedfiringen sker derfor frithængende i kun den belastede linepart M. Frkti-onsmodstanden mod linens glidning i kilesporet C begrænser derved nedfiringshastigheden. Kassetten J kan derved tjene som modvægt, som garanterer et sikkert anlæg af linen A i kilesporet C.When using the rescue device, with the release cord L, the sliding lid K is pulled down a little so that the line disc and its housing are released from the cassette J. Then the cassette is thrown down, for example through a window whereby the unloaded line part N is unwound from the cassette set. as shown in FIG. 5. Then the person to be rescued carries the rescue belt I over his head and under his arms. By holding on to the unloaded line part N, the friction line disk B is brought into braking position, as explained in more detail below, and a gentle downhill is started. Initially, the downward speed can thus be slowed down by stopping in the unloaded line portion N. As mentioned earlier, the entire length of the lifeline corresponds to the mounting height. The final phase of the downswing is therefore free hanging in only the loaded line part M. The frictional resistance to the sliding of the line in the wedge groove C thus limits the downhill speed. The cassette J can thereby serve as a counterweight, which guarantees a secure installation of the line A in the keyway C.

DK 168033 B1 4DK 168033 B1 4

Princippet for apparatets funktion forklares nærmere i det følgende. Friktionsmodstanden for en line, som bevæges over en ikke roterende lineskive, afhænger dels af friktionskoefficienten, dels af anlægsfladens omslutningsvinkel. Jo større omslutningsvinklen er, desto større bliver friktionsmodstanden, og desto langsommere bliver linens glidning om lineskiven. Som det 5 fremgår af fig. 1, bestemmes i det foreliggende tilfælde linens omslutningsvinkel af tappene H. Afhængigt af friktionskoefficienten hos det valgte linemateriale i forhold til friktionslineskiven kan derved tappenes H placering vælges således, at en dertil afpasset omslutningsvinkel og ønsket friktionsmodstand opnås. Tappenes placering vælges derved sædvanligvis således, at omslutningsvinkeln biiverstørre end 180° men mindre end 360°. Hensigtsmæssigt vælges en 10 værdi på 210-330° og fortrinsvis en værdi på 240-300°. Ved belastning af linerne har lineparten M en større momentanm end lineparten N. En belastning i lineparten M vil derved flytte lineskivens anlægspunkt mod bolten E'. Derved fastlåses lineskiven ved hjælp af den såkaldte skuffeeffekt. Ved træk i den modsatte linepart er momentarmen kortere og vinkelforholdet anderledes, således at en modsvarende fastlåsning ikke sker. Derfor kan linen let trækkes 15 tilbage.The principle of operation of the appliance is explained in more detail below. The frictional resistance of a line moved over a non-rotating line disk depends partly on the coefficient of friction and partly on the angle of contact of the contact surface. The greater the angle of the wrap, the greater the frictional resistance and the slower the slip of the line around the wafer. As shown in FIG. 1, in the present case, the angle of the line is determined by the pins H. Depending on the coefficient of friction of the selected line material relative to the friction line disk, the position of the pins H can thus be selected such that a suitable enclosure angle and the desired friction resistance are obtained. The position of the pins is thus usually chosen such that the angle of enclosure is greater than 180 ° but less than 360 °. Conveniently, a value of 210-330 ° is selected and preferably a value of 240-300 °. When loading the lines, the line portion M has a greater momentum than the line portion N. A load in the line portion M will thereby move the point of contact of the line disk towards the bolt E '. Thereby, the line disk is locked using the so-called drawer effect. When pulling in the opposite line part, the torque arm is shorter and the angle ratio is different so that a corresponding locking does not happen. Therefore, the line can easily be pulled back 15.

4 m i - - -4 m i - - -

Claims

1. A rescue apparatus, in particular for the firing of persons from a burning building, and with a line roller (B), which is mounted between two side plates (F), with means (H) defining an opening for a line (A) ) which is passed over a track (C) on the roller to brake this line when subjected to drag, both the inbound and outbound line portion (N, M) passing through the opening, characterized in that the line roller (B ) is mounted so that it is movable radially with respect to an abutment member (E ') positioned outside its circumference to form frictional abutment against it by tightening the line. 10

Rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that the line roller (B) is mounted with an oversized shaft hole (D) on a bearing bolt (E).

Rescue device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the abutment means is a bolt 15 (E ') which extends between the side plates (F) laterally outside the line roller (B).

Rescue device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that a pair of transverse pins (H) are arranged radially outside the line roller (H) between the side plates (F) to form an opening for the two line parts (N, M). 20