DK164374B

DK164374B - PROCEDURE AND AIR DISTRIBUTION BODY FOR INTRODUCING INCOMING AIR IN A ROOM

Info

Publication number: DK164374B
Application number: DK034988A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Ingmar Erik Rolin; Jouko Kalevi Savela; Jyrki Olavi Pitkaenen; Tord Henry Holmlund; Seppo Juhani Leskinen
Original assignee: Flaekt Ab
Priority date: 1987-01-27
Filing date: 1988-01-26
Publication date: 1992-06-15
Also published as: ATE78087T1; FI79608C; DK34988D0; FI79608B; NO165464B; DE3872532T2; NO880341D0; FI870345A; NO880341L; EP0276810B1; FI870345A0; EP0276810A3; NO165464C; EP0276810A2; DK34988A; DE3872532D1; DK164374C

Abstract

A method of introducing supply air into a lower portion of a room space (3) directly to an occupied zone (7) by means of at least one elongated air distribution means (1) provided with a plurality of outflow openings (2) for supply air. In order to blow supply air into the occupied zone without draught and without drawing impurities from the upper portion of the room space, supply air is blown from the air distribution means at a high speed but through outflow openings so small that the speed of the air jets (A) from the openings is reduced essentially over a short distance (X) and the entrance of secondary air (B) from the room space into the air jets is prevented in the vertical direction of the room space over said distance (X) and at least at one end of the air distribution means. The air distribution means (1) is provided with a plurality of small outflow openings (2) the distance of which from each other in the longitudinal direction of the air distribution means is great as compared with the size of the outflow opening for enabling secondary air to flow from the room space in between the outflow openings, and to mix with the air jets from all sides.

Description

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Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til indføring af indkommende luft i et lokale, hvilken luft ledes til den nedre del af lokalet direkte til et opholdsområde ved hjælp af et langstrakt luftfordelingsorgan med et antal luftudstrømningsåbninger.The invention relates to a method for introducing incoming air into a room, which air is directed to the lower part of the room directly to a living area by means of an elongated air distribution means having a plurality of air outlet openings.

5 Endvidere angår opfindelsen et luftfordelingsorgan til sådan indføring af indkommende luft i et lokale.Furthermore, the invention relates to an air distribution means for such introduction of incoming air into a room.

Ved ventilering af lokaler optræder der luftstrømninger, idet der indføres ren udeluft til lokalet gennem særligt indrettede, 10 stationære jalousiventiler, ventiler eller tilsvarende luftfordelingsorganer, og idet luft fjernes fra lokalet ved hjælp af særlige luftudsugningsorganer, når luften i lokalet er blevet for varm eller for fugtig eller forurenet med urenheder, som er dannet i lokalet.When ventilating rooms, air flows occur, by introducing clean outdoor air to the room through specially arranged, 10 stationary shut-off valves, valves or similar air distribution means, and removing air from the room by means of special air extraction means when the room air has become too hot or too hot. damp or contaminated with impurities formed in the room.

1515

Ved såkaldt blandet ventilation føres luft ind i et lokale eller i et rum gennem luft fordelingsorganer i form af eller flere stråler, der rækker langt ind i lokalet i en bestemt retning, i reglen mod den øvre del af lokalet. Ved induktion 20 trækker strålerne indeluft med sig og blandes med indeluften på en sådan måde, at hele rummet til sidst er fyldt med en relativ homogen blanding af inde- og udeluft, hvor temperaturen, indholdet af urenheder, fugtigheden osv. i blandingen er i det væsentlige ens over hele rummet.In the case of so-called mixed ventilation, air is introduced into a room or a room through air distribution means in the form of or more jets extending far into the room in a certain direction, usually towards the upper part of the room. At induction 20, the rays draw in indoor air and mix with the indoor air in such a way that the whole room is finally filled with a relatively homogeneous mixture of indoor and outdoor air, where the temperature, the content of impurities, the humidity etc. in the mixture are in it. substantially the same across the room.

2525

Blandingsventilation har visse ulemper. Den luftstrøm, der udsendes med høj hastighed fra luftfordelingsorganerne, kan række alt for langt, eller den kan støde mod en strømningshindring, f.eks. et lysarmatur, således at luftstrømmen ændrer 30 sin retning, hvorved den kan forårsage træk i zoner eller områder, hvori der befinder sig mennesker (de såkaldte opholdsområder) . Hertil kommer, at indføring af udeluft til den øvre del af rummet tvinger de urenheder og den overskydende varme, der af sig selv er steget op til den øvre del af rummet, til-35 bage ned mod opholdsområdet på grund af den udeluft, der strømmer mod dette område. Man må erkende, at udeluften burde til-Blend ventilation has certain disadvantages. The air flow emitted at high speed from the air distribution means may reach too far or it may encounter a flow barrier, e.g. a light fixture so that the air flow changes its direction, thereby causing it to move in zones or areas in which people are located (the so-called living areas). In addition, introducing outdoor air into the upper part of the compartment forces the impurities and excess heat, which itself has risen up to the upper part of the compartment, back down towards the living area due to the outdoor air flowing towards this area. It must be acknowledged that outdoor air should

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2 føres alene til det såkaldte opholdsområde i stedet for til hele området.2 is directed only to the so-called living area rather than to the entire area.

For at eliminere disse ulemper er der blevet udviklet en så-5 kaldt fortrængningsventilation, hvor udeluft føres direkte ind i opholdsområdet i den nedre del af lokalet ved hjælp af luftfordelingsorganer. Luften indføres således, hvor det er ønsket, hvorved overskydende varme og urenheder, der er steget op til den øvre del af rummet, ikke presses tilbage til op-10 holdsområdet.To eliminate these drawbacks, a so-called displacement ventilation has been developed, in which outdoor air is fed directly into the living area in the lower part of the room by means of air distribution means. The air is thus introduced where it is desired, whereby excess heat and impurities that have risen to the upper part of the room are not forced back into the living area.

Fortrængningsventilation har imidlertid nogle væsentlige ulemper. Med henblik på at hindre dannelsen af træk som følge af tilførsel af luft direkte ind i opholdsområdet fra luftfor-15 delingsorganerne må hastigheden holdes på en meget lav værdi. Dette er også nødvendigt for at hindre luftstrømmen i at medbringe luft fra den øvre del af rummet på grund af induktion, hvilket ville bringe urenheder og overskudsvarme ned i opholdsområdet. Luftstrømmens hastighed fra luftforsyningsorganerne, 20 hvor er arbejdes efter fortrængningsprincippet, er derfor meget lav, i reglen fra 0,5 til 1,5 m/sek.However, displacement ventilation has some major drawbacks. In order to prevent the formation of traits as a result of supplying air directly into the living area from the air distribution means, the velocity must be kept at a very low value. This is also needed to prevent airflow from bringing air from the upper part of the room due to induction, which would bring impurities and excess heat into the living area. The velocity of air flow from the air supply means 20, which is operated according to the displacement principle, is therefore very low, usually from 0.5 to 1.5 m / sec.

Den lave hastighed giver imidlertid anledning til, at man må give afkald på nogle af de vigtige fordele ved luftfordelings-25 organerne. For det første er det ikke muligt at styre luftstrømmene i et rum ved hjælp af luftfordelingsorganerne, fordi den kinetiske energi i luftstrømmen er tilstrækkelig til at bringe større luftmasser i bevægelse. For det andet kan temperaturen i rummet ikke påvirkes ved fortrængningsventilation 30 som følge af det lave blandingsforhold ved fortrængningsluftfordeling, dvs. det forholdsvis lille forhold mellem sekundær luftstrøm og luftstrømmen fra luftstrålen. Hvis tilførselsluften er blot lidt varmere end rumluften, udsættes den for termiske kræfter, der tvinger den til at strømme opad ind i den 35 øvre del af rummet. På tilsvarende måde falder strømningen ned mod gulvniveau og giver anledning til træk, hvis tilfør-However, the low speed gives rise to some of the important advantages of the air distribution means. First, it is not possible to control the air flows in a room by means of the air distribution means because the kinetic energy in the air flow is sufficient to move larger air masses. Secondly, the temperature of the room cannot be affected by displacement ventilation 30 due to the low mixing ratio of displacement air distribution, ie. the relatively small ratio of secondary air flow to the air flow from the air jet. If the supply air is only slightly warmer than the room air, it is subjected to thermal forces which force it to flow upwards into the upper part of the room. Similarly, the flow drops to floor level and gives rise to features whose supply

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3 selsluften er markant koldere end rumluften. Det er som følge heraf ikke muligt at opvarme eller i væsentlig grad afkøle rummet ved hjælp af fortrængningsventilation.3 self-air is significantly colder than the room air. As a result, it is not possible to heat or substantially cool the room by means of displacement ventilation.

5 Opfindelsen har til formål at tilvejebringe en fremgangsmåde, der fjerner de ovennævnte ulemper og muliggør tilførsel af varm såvel som kold forsyningsluft direkte til opholdsområdet uden trækproblemer, således at temperaturen i rummet kan påvirkes .The invention has for its object to provide a method which removes the above-mentioned drawbacks and allows the supply of hot as well as cold supply air directly to the living area without draft problems, so that the temperature of the room can be affected.

1010

Dette formål opnås ved en fremgangsmåde af den indledningsvis nævnte art, som er ejendommelig ved, - at luften indblæses med en hastighed på mindst 1,5 m/s fra et stort antal små udstrømningsåbninger på en sådan måde, 15 at de fra udstrømningsåbningerne kommende luftstrålers hastighed aftager til mindst ca. 1/10 over en afstand, som er højst ca. 50 gange udstrømningsåbningens diameter, når åbningen er rund, og - at en indblanding af lokalets sekundærluft fra en uønsket 20 retning i lokalet hindres over nævnte afstand i det mindste ved luftfordelingsorganets ene ende.This object is achieved by a method of the kind mentioned in the preamble, characterized in that - the air is blown at a rate of at least 1.5 m / s from a large number of small outflow openings in such a way that the air jets coming from the outflow openings speed decreases to at least approx. 1/10 over a distance not exceeding approx. 50 times the diameter of the outlet opening when the aperture is round, and - interference with the secondary air of the room from an undesirable 20 direction in the room is prevented over said distance at least at one end of the air distribution means.

Det ifølge opfindelsen tilvejebragte luftfordelingsorgan til indføring af indkommende luft i et lokale omfatter en luftka- 25 nal, hvis væg har et antal udstrømningsåbninger for luft, og er ejendommeligt ved, - at udstrømningsåbningerne er dimensioneret så små for en i åbningerne forekommende luftstrøm på mindst 1,5 m/s, at de fra udstrømningsåbningerne kommende luftstrålers hastighed 30 aftager til mindst 1/10 over en afstand, som er højst ca.The air distribution means provided by the invention for introducing incoming air into a room comprises an air duct, the wall of which has a plurality of outflow openings for air, and is characterized in that the outflow openings are sized so small for an airflow present in the openings of at least 1 5 m / s, that the velocity 30 of the air jets coming from the outflow apertures decreases to at least 1/10 over a distance not exceeding approx.

50 gange udstrømningsåbningens diameter, når åbningen er rund, - at luftkanalens længde er væsentligt større end kanalens bredde, 35 - at udstrømningsåbningernes indbyrdes afstand er mindst 1,5 x n x d, hvor n er åbningernes antal i en række i luftka-50 times the diameter of the outlet orifice when the orifice is round, - the length of the air duct is substantially greater than the width of the duct, 35 - the spacing of the outlet orifices is at least 1.5 x n x d, where n is the number of the orifices in a row in the air chamber.

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4 nalens længderetning, og d er åbningens diameter, når åbningen er rund, og - at luftkanalen er forsynet med mindst én strømningsafbøjningsplade, som hindrer lokalets sekundærluft i at blive 5 indblandet i luftstrålerne fra ne uønsket retning i lokalet over luftstrålernes nævnte hastighedsreduktionsafstand.4 is the longitudinal direction of the needle, and d is the diameter of the aperture when the aperture is round, and - the air duct is provided with at least one flow deflection plate which prevents the secondary air of the room from being entrained in the air jets from an undesired direction in the room over the said speed reduction distance of the air jets.

Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er baseret på den idé, at der anvendes høj hastighed af tilførselsluften i fortrængnings-10 ventilation samtidigt med, at indføringen af indkommende luft bringes til at finde sted under sådanne betingelser, at hastigheden i luftstrømmen reduceres over en kort afstand, hvorved den sekundære luft i vid udstrækning hindres i at trænge ind i luftstrålen fra uønskede retninger langs denne afstand.The method according to the invention is based on the idea that high velocity of the supply air is used in displacement ventilation while causing the introduction of incoming air to take place under such conditions that the velocity of the air flow is reduced over a short distance, secondary air is largely prevented from entering the air jet from undesirable directions along this distance.

15 Denne form for ventilationsmetode muliggør, at store luftmasser kan sættes i langsom strømningsbevægelse i en ønsket del af rummet, og strømmene kan kontrolleres uafhængigt af termiske strømninger eller andre tilsvarende uønskede strømninger. Resultatet er, at al den luft, der indeholdes i rummet, ikke 20 blandes, og at de urenheder og overskydende varme, der indeholdes i luften i den øvre del af rummet, ikke føres til opholdsområdet. Endvidere forårsages der ingen træk i dette område. Fremgangsmåden muliggør tilførsel af både varm og kold luft direkte til det anvendte område uden træk.This type of ventilation method allows large air masses to be slowly moved in a desired part of the room, and the currents can be controlled independently of thermal or other undesirable currents. The result is that all the air contained in the room is not mixed and that the impurities and excess heat contained in the air in the upper part of the room are not carried to the living area. Furthermore, no features are caused in this area. The process allows the supply of both hot and cold air directly to the area used without draft.

2525

Opfindelsen skal beskrives nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 og 2 skematisk viser en foretrukken udførelsesform for 30 et luftfordelingsorgan ifølge opfindelsen, set henholdsvis fra siden og i tværsnit, fig. 3-5 er sideafbildninger for alternative udførelsesformer for luftfordelingsorganer, og 35 fig. 6 illustrerer funktionsprincippet for et ventilationsanlægThe invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 and 2 schematically show a preferred embodiment of an air distribution means according to the invention, seen from the side and in cross section respectively, FIG. 3-5 are side views of alternative embodiments of air distribution means, and FIG. 6 illustrates the principle of operation of a ventilation system

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5 ifølge opfindelsen.5 according to the invention.

Fig. 1 og 2 viser en foretrukken udførelsesform for et luftfordelingsorgan. Luftfordelingsorganet er dannet af en lodret 5 luftkanal 1, hvis længde er væsentligt større end dens diameter, eller hvis der er tale om et rektangulært tværsnit, større end den største sidelængde. Et stort antal dyser 2 eller tilsvarende huller, slidser eller lignende udstrømningsåbninger for luften, er udformet i kanalvæggen. Dyserne er ikke placeret 10 over hele kanalens yderflade, men kun over en forud fastlagt del af dennes omkreds, dvs. i en blandedel la. En strimmellignende sekundær del lb, der forløber på langs af kanalen, har ingen huller.FIG. 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment of an air distribution means. The air distribution means is formed by a vertical air channel 1 whose length is substantially greater than its diameter or, in the case of a rectangular cross-section, greater than the greatest lateral length. A large number of nozzles 2 or equivalent holes, slots or similar outlets for the air are formed in the duct wall. The nozzles are not located 10 over the entire surface of the channel, but only over a predetermined portion of its circumference, ie. in a mixing portion 1a. A strip-like secondary portion 1b extending longitudinally of the channel has no holes.

15 Ved den viste udførelsesform er luftkanalen monteret mellem en sidevæg 4 i et rum 3 i nogen afstand fra et gulv 5. Den nedre ende af kanalen er lukket, og en ringformet afbøjningsflade 6 er monteret ved den øvre ende af blandedelen la. Blandedelen åbner mod den såkaldte opholdszone 7 i rummet.In the embodiment shown, the air duct is mounted between a side wall 4 in a space 3 at some distance from a floor 5. The lower end of the duct is closed and an annular deflection surface 6 is mounted at the upper end of the mixing part 1a. The mixing section opens towards the so-called living area 7 in the room.

2020

Den øvre ende af luftkanalen er forbundet med et ikke vist lufttilførselsnet for tilførsel af luft til luftkanalen på en sådan måde, at luften strømmer ud gennem dyserne med høj hastighed, f.eks. 2,5-10 m/s. Som følge af induktion vil luft-25 strålerne A fra dyserne trække sekundærluft B fra rummet til sig fra alle sider, således at den sekundære luft blandes med luftstrålerne, der udsendes fra dyserne. På grund af det store antal dyser og disses ringe diameter, vil blandingen såvel som reduktionen af luftstrømmenes hastighed foregå over en 30 mindre afstand. Hvis det antages, at diameteren d ved dysen er f.eks. 5 mm, og afstanden, hvorover hastigheden er faldet til 1/20 af dysehastigheden, er f.eks. 50 gange dysens diameter, reduceres hastigheden fra en værdi af 8 m/s til en værdi af 0,4 m/s over en afstand på 250 mm.The upper end of the air duct is connected to an air supply network not shown for supplying air to the air duct in such a way that the air flows out through the high speed nozzles, e.g. 2.5-10 m / s. As a result of induction, the air jets A from the nozzles will draw secondary air B from the room from all sides so that the secondary air is mixed with the air jets emitted from the nozzles. Due to the large number of nozzles and their small diameter, the mixing as well as the reduction of airflow velocity will occur over a smaller distance. Assuming that the diameter d at the nozzle is e.g. 5 mm, and the distance over which the velocity has fallen to 1/20 of the nozzle speed is e.g. 50 times the nozzle diameter, the speed is reduced from a value of 8 m / s to a value of 0.4 m / s over a distance of 250 mm.

De ovennævnte tal er kun eksempler og afhænger ikke blot af 35The above figures are only examples and do not depend solely on 35

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6 de ovennævnte faktorer, men også af den gensidige afstand mellem dyserne, dyselængden, areal forholdet mellem blandedelen og den sekundære del osv. Tallene er imidlertid illustrative for de mest betydningsfulde faktorer, der er forbundet med 5 luftstrålernes opførsel og blandingen af sekundærluft, og tallene viser, at fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen muliggør tilførsel af luft direkte ind i et anvendt område uden trækproblemer.6 the above factors but also the mutual distance between the nozzles, the nozzle length, the area ratio of the mixing part and the secondary part, etc. The figures, however, are illustrative of the most significant factors associated with the behavior of the 5 air jets and the mixture of secondary air, and the numbers shows that the method according to the invention enables the supply of air directly into an applied area without tensile problems.

10 Højhastighedsluftstråkerne medbringer derved en stor mængde sekundær luft, hvorved de bevæger store luftmasser, i reglen i det mindste 10 gange mængden af tilførselsluftstrøm. Hertil kommer, at disse luftstrømme kan retningsreguleres af strålerne efter ønske. Herved bliver virkningen af uønskede termiske 15 strømninger og lignende ubetydelige.The high speed air jets thereby carry a large amount of secondary air, thereby moving large masses of air, usually at least 10 times the amount of supply air flow. In addition, these air currents can be directionally controlled by the jets as desired. Thereby, the effect of unwanted thermal currents and the like becomes negligible.

Som følge af det undertryk, der hersker i luftkanalen, indsuger dyserne i luftkanalen sekundær luft fra alle sider, dvs. at der opstår et undertryk gennem hele blandedelen. I kanalens 20 midterdel indsuger undertrykket sekundær luft i det væsentlige som vist i fig. 2. Ved enderne af kanalen vil dyserne imidlertid også indsuge sekundær luft i kanalens akseretning som følge af det undertryk, der hersker i området ved blandedelen. Hvis dette sker, vil luftstrømmen fra kanalen blive drøvlet 25 ned, og hastigheden i luften vil forblive på et for højt niveau. Hertil vil den sekundære strømning kunne medbringe urenheder fra den øvre del af rummet.Due to the negative pressure prevailing in the air duct, the nozzles in the air duct draw secondary air from all sides, ie. that a negative pressure is created throughout the mixing part. In the center portion of the duct 20, the suppressed secondary air sucks in substantially as shown in FIG. 2. However, at the ends of the duct, the nozzles will also suck in secondary air in the axis direction of the duct due to the negative pressure prevailing in the area at the mixing portion. If this happens, the airflow from the duct will be drowned down 25 and the velocity in the air will remain at too high a level. For this, the secondary flow could cause impurities from the upper part of the room.

Afbøjningspladen 6 er tilvejebragt for at forhindre en mulig 30 uønsket vertikal strømning af sekundær luft, idet størrelsen af pladen er valgt på en sådan måde, at hastigheden af luftstrålerne bag pladen er reduceret til i det mindste 1/10 af dysehastigheden. Det undertryk, der giver anledning til en aksial strømning af sekundær luft, er derved reduceret til 35 omkring 1/100, hvorved undertrykket ikke længere er i stand til at frembringe en nævneværdig strømning i retning af kana- 7 lens akse. Som følge af den effektive blanding, kan afbøjningspladen være forholdsvis lille. I det ovenfor beskrevne eksempel er en udragende del X, der rager 200 mm ud fra kanalens overflade, tilstrækkelig. Den nedre ende af kanalen er anbragt så 5 tilstrækkeligt nær rummets gulv, at den er i stand til at hindre dannelse af uønskede vertikale strømninger af sekundær luft ved den nedre ende af kanalen.The deflection plate 6 is provided to prevent a possible undesirable vertical flow of secondary air, the size of the plate being selected in such a way that the velocity of the air jets behind the plate is reduced to at least 1/10 of the nozzle speed. The negative pressure giving rise to an axial flow of secondary air is thereby reduced to about 1/100, whereby the negative pressure is no longer able to produce a significant flow in the direction of the channel axis. Due to the effective mixing, the deflection plate may be relatively small. In the example described above, a protruding portion X projecting 200 mm from the surface of the duct is sufficient. The lower end of the duct is positioned sufficiently close to the floor of the room to be capable of preventing the formation of undesired vertical flows of secondary air at the lower end of the duct.

Ved den i fig. 3 viste udførelsesform for luft fordelingsorganer 10 vil tilførsel af sekundær luft fra et område bag og oven over blandedelen være hindret på grund af afbøjningspladerne 6. Afbøjningspladerne 6 for den sekundære strømning kan anvendes til at styre luftstrømmene navnlig i de tilfælde, hvor temperaturen i tilførselsluften afviger væsentligt fra rumtempera-15 turen. Den i fig. 4 viste udførelsesform anvendes, når temperaturen i tilførselsluften er lavere end temperaturen i rummet. Den øvre afbøjningsplade hindrer tilførsel af sekundær luft i området for blandedelen, hvorved luftstrålerne ledes i horisontal retning. Når tilførselsluften når frem til den ydre 20 rand af afbøjningspladen, er temperaturen i tilførselsluften steget til nær rumtempera turen, således at de termiske kræfter kun er i stand til i mindre grad at afbøje luftstrålerne nedad. Ved den nedre ende af kanalen tilsættes luftstråleme også sekundær luft fra neden, hvilken luft søger at bøje strømningen 25 opad i retning mod den retning, hvori de termiske kræfter virker. Hvis afstanden fra gulvet er passende, vil en luftstrømning, som vender modsat hovedstrømmen, dannes over gulvniveauet, hvilket hindrer hovedstrømmen i at falde til gulvniveau og derved danne træk ved gulvet. Ved hjælp af dette 30 arrangement er det muligt at tilføre tilførselsluft, hvis temperatur er mere end 10* C lavere end rumtemperaturen, direkte til opholdszonen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the supply of secondary air from an area behind and above the mixing part will be impeded by the deflection plates 6. The deflection plates 6 of the secondary flow can be used to control the air flows, especially in cases where the temperature in the supply air differs. substantially from the room temperature. The FIG. 4 is used when the temperature of the supply air is lower than the temperature of the room. The upper deflection plate prevents the supply of secondary air in the region of the mixing section, thereby directing the air jets in a horizontal direction. As the supply air reaches the outer edge of the deflection plate, the temperature of the supply air has risen to near room temperature, so that the thermal forces are only able to deflect the air jets to a lesser extent. At the lower end of the duct, the air jets are also added secondary air from below, which air seeks to bend the flow 25 upwards in the direction in which the thermal forces operate. If the distance from the floor is appropriate, an air flow facing the main stream will be formed above the floor level, preventing the main stream from falling to the floor level, thereby forming features of the floor. By means of this arrangement, it is possible to supply supply air, the temperature of which is more than 10 * C lower than the room temperature, directly to the residence zone.

Det foretrækkes, at afbøjningspladen kan forskydes i forhold 35 til luftkanalen, således at det er muligt at tilføre enten varm eller kold luft ved hjælp af lufttilførselsorganer tilIt is preferred that the deflection plate may be displaced relative to the air duct so that it is possible to supply either hot or cold air by means of air supply means to the air duct.

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8 rummet. Afbøjningspladen forskydes til den øvre del af kanalen, når tilførselsluften er kold, og til den nedre del af kanalen, når tilførselsluften er varm.8 room. The deflection plate is displaced to the upper part of the duct when the supply air is cold and to the lower part of the duct when the supply air is warm.

5 Ved den i fig. 5 viste udførelsesform er luftkanalen 1 monteret i horisontal stilling, og en afbøjningsplade 6 er fastgjort til den øvre kant af kanalen parallelt hermed. En sådan opbygning er navnlig hensigtsmæssig ved tilførsel af kold udskiftningsluft til store lokaler.5 In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the air duct 1 is mounted in a horizontal position and a deflection plate 6 is attached to the upper edge of the duct parallel thereto. Such a structure is particularly useful in supplying cold replacement air to large premises.

1010

Det er ligeså vigtigt at sikre, at alle dyserne tilføres sekundær luft fra alle retninger, som at hindre indtrængning af sekundær luft fra retninger, som er uhensigtsmæssige for strømningen som helhed. Dette er antydet og illustreret i fig. 6, 15 der i større skala gengiver en del af blandedelen la. I fig.It is equally important to ensure that all nozzles are supplied with secondary air from all directions as to prevent the entry of secondary air from directions which are inappropriate for the flow as a whole. This is indicated and illustrated in FIG. 6, 15 reproducing on a larger scale a portion of the mixing portion 1a. In FIG.

6 er hovedstrømmen af sekundær luft mellem dyserne skematisk vist ved pilene B. Strømmen af luftstråler fra dyserne er vist ved pilene A, og strømmen af sekundær luft, der trækkes med af luftstrålerne, er vist ved pilene C. Det fremgår af 20 figuren, at længdeudstrækningen a af kanalen skal være tilstrækkelig stor sammenlignet med diameteren d af dyserne med henblik på at sikre, at luftstrålerne A i midterområdet af blandedelen også opnår en tilstrækkelig sekundær luftmængde C, og at blandingen er effektiv, dvs. at hastigheden af luft-25 strømmen aftager hurtigt, temperaturforskellene udjævnes osv.6, the main flow of secondary air between the nozzles is schematically shown by the arrows B. The flow of air jets from the nozzles is shown by the arrows A and the flow of secondary air drawn by the air jets is shown by the arrows C. The figure 20 shows that the length extension a of the duct must be sufficiently large compared to the diameter d of the nozzles to ensure that the air jets A in the middle region of the mixing section also achieve a sufficient secondary airflow C and that the mixing is effective, ie. that the velocity of the air-25 current decreases rapidly, the temperature differences are smoothed, etc.

Hvis dimensionen a er for lille, vil den sekundære luft B fra siderne af blandedelen bøje luftstrålerne A kraftigt til siden som vist i fig. 2, hvorved der forekommer temperaturforskelle, 30 som giver anledning til termiske strømme, i midterdelen af blandeområdet. Det er i reglen tilstrækkeligt, at forholdet a/n x d er større end 1,5, hvor n er antallet af dyser i en række i kanalens breddeudstrækning. Forholdet varierer en smule med ændringer af dimensionerne a eller d. På grund af 35 strømningen B fra området mellem dyserne foretrækkes det, at dyserne er anbragt i lige rækker, som også kan forløbe skråtIf the dimension a is too small, the secondary air B from the sides of the mixing section will bend the air jets A sharply to the side as shown in FIG. 2, whereby temperature differences, which give rise to thermal currents, occur in the middle portion of the mixing region. As a rule, it is sufficient that the ratio a / n x d is greater than 1.5, where n is the number of nozzles in a row in the width of the channel. The ratio varies slightly with changes in dimensions a or d. Because of the flow B from the area between the nozzles, it is preferred that the nozzles be arranged in straight rows, which can also be inclined.

DK 164374 BDK 164374 B

9 i forhold til kanalens bredderetning, således som det er vist i figurerne. Hvis dette ikke er tilfældet, er det mere vanskeligt at få den sekundære luftstrøm B til at trænge ind i blandedelens midterområde.9 with respect to the width direction of the channel, as shown in the figures. If this is not the case, it is more difficult to cause the secondary air stream B to enter the center portion of the mixing section.

55

Afstanden b mellem dyserne er ikke ligeså vigtig. Dimensionen b kan i princippet være lig med 0, hvorved dyserne er erstattet med en kontinuerlig slids. Herved kan den sekundære luftstrøm C imidlertid kun trænge ind i luftstrømmen fra dyserne fra to 10 retninger, således at blandingen bliver stærkt reduceret, og hastigheden i luftstrålen aftager noget langsommere, hvilket vil sige, at den såkaldte kasteafstand forlænges. Det foretrækkes at have runde dyseåbninger, og at den gensidige afstand mellem disse i kanalens bredderetning b er større end 3d.The distance b between the nozzles is not as important. The dimension b can in principle be equal to 0, whereby the nozzles are replaced with a continuous slot. Hereby, however, the secondary air flow C can only enter the air flow from the nozzles from two directions, so that the mixture is greatly reduced and the velocity of the air jet decreases somewhat more slowly, which means that the so-called throwing distance is extended. It is preferred to have round nozzle openings and that the mutual distance between them in the width direction b of the duct is greater than 3d.

15 Herved opnås der en effektiv blanding, en stor mængde sekundær luft føres med, og udligningen af temperaturerne samt reduktion af strømningshastigheder sker over en kort afstand.Hereby an effective mixture is obtained, a large amount of secondary air is fed, and the equalization of the temperatures and the reduction of flow rates occur over a short distance.

Med henblik på at sikre, at tilstrækkelig sekundær luft kan 20 tilføres overalt over blandedelen fra de ønskede retninger, skal den sekundære del af luftkanalen, dvs. den del, hvori der ikke er huller, være tilstrækkelig stor, fortrinsvis dække i det mindste 1/6 af kappefladen af luftkanalen, hvori dyserne er anbragt.In order to ensure that sufficient secondary air can be supplied throughout the mixing portion from the desired directions, the secondary portion of the air duct, i.e. the portion in which there are no holes is sufficiently large, preferably covering at least 1/6 of the sheath surface of the air duct in which the nozzles are disposed.

2525

Det er klart, at detaljer ved luftfordelingsorganet kan varieres i forhold til den foran beskrevne, foretrukne udførelse. Luftkanalen kan således være forsynet med afbøjningsplader 6, som er svingbart monteret herpå, og som drejes i afhængighed 30 af forskellen mellem temperaturerne i tilførselsluften og i rummet. Alternativt kan afbøjningspladerne være parallelle med kanalen og placeret i en stilling, hvor de ikke hindrer lodret strømning af seundær luft. Den indvendige diameter i dyserne er fortrinsvis ikke større end 10 mm.It is to be understood that details of the air distribution means may be varied in relation to the preferred embodiment described above. Thus, the air duct may be provided with deflection plates 6 which are pivotally mounted thereto and which are rotated in dependence 30 on the difference between the temperatures in the supply air and in the room. Alternatively, the deflection plates may be parallel to the duct and positioned in a position where they do not obstruct vertical flow of secondary air. The internal diameter of the nozzles is preferably not greater than 10 mm.

Claims

A method for introducing incoming air into a room, where air is directed to the lower part of room 5 (3) directly to a living area (7) by means of an elongated air distribution means (1) having a plurality of air outlet openings (2), characterized in that the air is blown in at a rate of at least 1.5 m / s from a large number of small outflow openings (2) in such a way that the velocity (A) of the outflow openings (A) decreases to at least approx. 1/10 over a distance (X) which is no more than approx. 50 times the diameter of the outlet opening when the aperture is round, and - interference with the secondary air (B) of the room in the air jets from an undesirable direction in the room is prevented at least at one end of the air distribution means at said room (X).

Air distribution means for introducing incoming air into a room and comprising an air duct (1), the wall of which has a plurality of air outlet openings (2), characterized in that the outlet openings (2) are sized so small for an air flow present in the openings at least 25 1.5 m / s, that the velocity of the air jets (A) coming from the outflows decreases to at least 1/10 over a distance (X) which is at most approx. 50 times the diameter of the outlet orifice when the orifice is round, in a row in the longitudinal direction of the air duct, and d is the diameter of the orifice when the orifice is round and the air duct (1) is provided with at least one flow deflector (6) which prevents the secondary air (B) from becoming entrained in the air jets (A) from an undesirable direction in the room over said air jets speed reduction distance (X). 5

Air distribution means according to claim 2, characterized in that the air duct (1) is dimensioned for an outflow velocity of the incoming air (A) of at least 2.5 m / s.

Air distributor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the air outlet openings (2) are nozzles whose inner diameter is not more than 10 mm.

An air distributor according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that the casing surface of the air duct (1) forms an unperforated longitudinal strip (1b) adjacent to a surface area (1a) provided with outflow openings (2). , and extending longitudinally from one end of the region to the other. 20

Air distribution means according to claim 5, characterized in that the perforated surface strip (1b) covers at least 1/6 of the casing surface of the air duct (1). 1

Air distribution means according to any of claims 2-6, characterized in that the flow deflection plate (6) can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the air duct (1) to different locations along the surface area (1a) provided with said outflow openings (2).