DK164184B - ANCHORAGE CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents
ANCHORAGE CONSTRUCTION Download PDFInfo
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- DK164184B DK164184B DK684188A DK684188A DK164184B DK 164184 B DK164184 B DK 164184B DK 684188 A DK684188 A DK 684188A DK 684188 A DK684188 A DK 684188A DK 164184 B DK164184 B DK 164184B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2207—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used
- E04H12/2215—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used driven into the ground
- E04H12/223—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used driven into the ground with movable anchoring elements; with separately driven anchor rods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
- E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
- E01F9/673—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like
- E01F9/685—Subsoil means, e.g. foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/805—Ground anchors with deformable anchoring members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/02—Wire fencing, e.g. made of wire mesh
- E04H17/06—Parts for wire fences
- E04H17/08—Anchoring means therefor, e.g. specially-shaped parts entering the ground; Struts or the like
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
iin
DK 164184 BDK 164184 B
Opfindelsen angår en konstruktion til forankring i jorden og af den i indledningen til krav 1 nævnte art. En sådan konstruktion kan f.eks. tjene som eller til at bære og understøtte hegnspæle. Konstruktionerne kan også tjene 5 som ankre, holdere eller fundament for forskellige organer, såsom skilte, markeringer etc.The invention relates to a structure for anchoring in the ground and of the kind mentioned in the preamble of claim 1. Such a construction can e.g. serve as or to carry and support fence posts. The structures can also serve as anchors, holders or foundations for various bodies, such as signs, markings, etc.
En sædvanlig metode til anbringelse af pæle i jorden består i, at der graves et hul, hvorpå der i dette støbes 10 et betonfundament. Selve pælen kan anbringes direkte i dette betonfundament, så at den bliver faststøbt i fundamentet, eller alternativt kan der i fundamentet faststøbes organer, der tjener til fiksering af pælen efter betonens hærdning. Denne procedure er yderst arbejdskræven-15 de og tidrøvende. Man har derfor forsøgt at anvende forskellige pælekonstruktioner, som anbringes i jorden ved, at de ganske enkelt presses ned i denne, enten direkte i det ikke behandlede jordlag eller i huller, som er boret i forvejen i dette. Dette har imidlertid medført betyde-20 lige problemer. Nærmere bestemt udøver frysningen af jorden en løftepåvirkning af den i jorden nedpressede pæl, som efterhånden presses opad. Dette er især et problem i forbindelse med f.eks. hegn, eftersom det medfører forringet forankring af pælene og indebærer desuden, at heg-25 net er tilbøjeligt til at gå i bølgeform, fordi en forskellig beskaffenhed af jorden i hegnets længderetning giver anledning til oppresning af de forskellige pæle i forskellig grad. Et andet problem ved den sidstnævnte pæletype er, at dens stabilitet over for tværgående kræf-30 ter, dvs. vandret påvirkning af pælepartier over jorden eller med disse forbundne elementer, er relativ ringe.A usual method of placing piles in the soil consists in digging a hole, on which a concrete foundation is cast. The pile itself can be placed directly in this concrete foundation so that it is molded into the foundation, or alternatively, means can be embedded in the foundation which serve to fix the pile after the concrete has hardened. This procedure is extremely labor intensive and time consuming. Therefore, attempts have been made to use different pile structures which are placed in the soil by simply pressing them into it, either directly in the untreated soil layer or in holes drilled in advance. However, this has caused significant problems. Specifically, the freezing of the soil exerts a lifting effect on the ground-pressed pile, which is gradually pressed upwards. This is especially a problem associated with e.g. fencing, since it results in impaired anchoring of the piles and furthermore implies that the fence tends to wave, because a different nature of the soil in the longitudinal direction of the fence gives rise to the different piles to different degrees. Another problem with the latter type of pile is that its stability to transverse forces, ie. horizontal impact of pile sections above the ground or with these associated elements is relatively poor.
En konstruktion af den indledningsvis nævnte art er kendt fra US-patentskrift nr. 3 855 745. Denne konstruk-35 tions muffe har imidlertid også snit, som udgår fra muffens nedre ende i retning mod den øvre.A construction of the kind mentioned initially is known from US Patent No. 3,855,745. However, the sleeve of this construction also has sections extending from the lower end of the sleeve towards the upper.
DK 164184 BDK 164184 B
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Opfindelsen angår en konstruktion til forankring i jorden og af den i· indledningen til kray 1 nævnte art. En sådan konstruktion kan f.eks. tjene' som' eller til at bære og understøtte hegnspæle. Konstruktionerne kan også tjene 5 som ankre, holdere eller fundament for forskellige organer, såsom skilte, markeringer etc.The invention relates to a structure for anchoring in the ground and of the kind mentioned in the introduction to kray 1. Such a construction can e.g. serve 'as' or to carry and support fence posts. The structures can also serve as anchors, holders or foundations for various bodies, such as signs, markings, etc.
En sædvanlig metode til anbringelse af pæle i jorden består i, at der graves et hul, hvorpå der i dette støbes 10 et betonfundament. Selve pælen kan anbringes direkte i dette betonfundament, så at den bliver faststøbt i fundamentet,· eller alternativt kan' der i fundamentet faststøbes organer, der tjener til fiksering af pælén efter betonens hærdning. Denne procedure er'yderst arbejdskræven-15 de og tidrøvende".' Man har derfor" forsøgt at anvende forskellige pælekonstruktioner, som anbringes i jorden ved, at de ganske enkelt presses ned i denne, enten direkte i det ikke behandlede jordlag eller i huller, som er boret i forvejen i. dette. Dette har imidlertid medført betyde-20 lige problemer. Nærmere bestemt udøver frysningen af jorden en løftepåvirkning af den i jorden nedpressede pæl, som efterhånden presses opad. Dette er især et problem i forbindelse med f.eks. hegn, eftersom det medfører forringet forankring af pælene og indebærer desuden, at heg-25 net er tilbøjeligt til at gå i bølgeform, fordi en forskellig beskaffenhed af jorden i hegnets længderetning giver anledning til oppresning af de forskellige pæle i forskellig grad. Et andet problem ved den sidstnævnte pæletype er, at dens stabilitet over for tværgående kræf-30 ter, dvs. vandret påvirkning af pælepartier over jorden eller med disse forbundne elementer, er relativ ringe.A usual method of placing piles in the soil consists in digging a hole, on which a concrete foundation is cast. The pile itself can be placed directly in this concrete foundation so that it is embedded in the foundation, or alternatively, means can be embedded in the foundation which serve to fix the pile after the concrete has hardened. This procedure is' extremely labor-intensive and time-consuming '.' Therefore, it has been attempted to use various pile structures which are placed in the soil by simply pressing them into it, either directly in the untreated soil layer or in holes drilled in it. However, this has caused significant problems. Specifically, the freezing of the soil exerts a lifting effect on the ground-pressed pile, which is gradually pressed upwards. This is especially a problem associated with e.g. fencing, since it results in impaired anchoring of the piles and furthermore implies that the fence tends to wave, because a different nature of the soil in the longitudinal direction of the fence gives rise to the different piles to different degrees. Another problem with the latter type of pile is that its stability to transverse forces, ie. horizontal impact of pile sections above the ground or with these associated elements is relatively poor.
En konstruktion af den indledningsvis nævnte art er kendt fra US-patentskrift nr. 3 855 745. Denne konstruk-35 tions muffe har imidlertid også snit, som udgår fra muffens nedre ende i retning mod den øvre.A construction of the kind mentioned initially is known from US Patent No. 3,855,745. However, the sleeve of this construction also has sections extending from the lower end of the sleeve towards the upper.
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Den kendte konstruktion er udformet på en sådan måde, at muffens nedre ende først skal udfoldes, medens muffens øvre og med indsnit udformede ende ligger således an mod røret, at der ikke sker nogen udfoldning der. Som følge 5 heraf sker der først ved hjælp af muffens nedre ende en forankring i jorden, og først herefter udfoldes muffen ved sin øvre ende. Med dette for øje forskydes røret nedad således, at det koniske element ved rørets nedre ende folder de øvre forankringsorganer ud.The known construction is designed in such a way that the lower end of the sleeve must first be unfolded, while the upper end and with the cut-out end abuts against the pipe so that there is no unfolding there. As a result, an anchoring to the ground first takes place by means of the lower end of the sleeve, and only then does the sleeve unfold at its upper end. With this in mind, the tube is displaced downwardly so that the conical element at the lower end of the tube unfolds the upper anchoring means.
1010
Under denne udfoldning er konstruktionen imidlertid fik-seret mod bevægelse i længderetningen ved hjælp af de i jorden indragende forankringsorganer. De øvre forankringsorganer presses således sideværts ind i den omgiven-15 de jord, uden at de bevæges opad.During this unfolding, however, the structure is fixed against longitudinal movement by means of the grounding anchoring means. The upper anchoring means are thus pressed laterally into the surrounding soil without being moved upwards.
En sådan udvidelse uden samtidig opadrettet bevægelse medfører stor energianvendelse og desuden en betydelig risiko for en sådan deformation af forankringsorganerne, 20 at den tilsigtede forankringsfunktion ikke opnås.Such an extension without simultaneous upward movement entails high energy use and, moreover, a considerable risk of such deformation of the anchoring means, 20 that the intended anchoring function is not achieved.
Formålet for opfindelsen er at angive en konstruktion af den indledningsvis nævnte art til forankring i jorden, hvor konstruktionen medfører sikker og effektiv ekspansi-25 on af forankringsorganet således, at der foreligger et relativt lavt energibehov for denne ekspansion samtidig med, at der tilvejebringes en exceptionel god forankring mod løftning af konstruktionen på grund af forskellige ydre påvirkninger såsom frost i jorden.The object of the invention is to provide a structure of the kind mentioned initially for anchoring in the ground, where the construction entails safe and efficient expansion of the anchoring means, so that there is a relatively low energy demand for this expansion while providing an exceptional good anchorage against lifting the structure due to various external influences such as frost in the soil.
3030
Dette formål opnås ved, at konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen er udformet som angivet i den kendetegnende del af krav 1. Helt specielt vil den samtidige ekspansion og opadgående bevægelse af forankringsorganerne medføre, at de 35 i hovedsagen trænger ind i jorden i det væsentlige parallelt med deres længderetninger, d.v.s. at deres øvre ender skærer sig skråt opad og udad i jorden. Konstruktio- 3This object is achieved in that the construction according to the invention is designed as defined in the characterizing part of claim 1. In particular, the simultaneous expansion and upward movement of the anchoring means will cause them to substantially penetrate the ground in parallel with their longitudinal directions. , ie that their upper ends cut obliquely upwards and outwards in the ground. Construction 3
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nen ifølge opfindelsen medfører derfor et forholdsvis lavt energibehov og ringe risiko for uønskede deformationer af forankringsorganerne under ekspansionen.The invention according to the invention therefore results in a relatively low energy demand and low risk of undesirable deformations of the anchoring members during the expansion.
5 Opfindelsen forklares nærmere ved den følgende beskrivelse af nogle udførelsesformer under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 er en perspektivisk afbildning af konstruktionen 10 ifølge opfindelsen før ekspansion af den ekspanderbare indretning, fig. 2 er en perspektivisk afbildning af konstruktionen efter ekspansion af den ekspanderbare indretning, 15 fig. 3 er en afbildning svarende til fig. 1, men illustrerer blot en i konstruktionen indgående stang med vedhængende ekspanderbar indretning, 20 fig. 4 er en perspektivisk afbildning af konstruktionen ifølge fig. 3, men i en lidt andet perspektivisk vinkel og med den ekspanderbare indretning illustreret i ekspanderet stand, 25 fig. 5 er en afbildning af konstruktionen anbragt i jorden før ekspansion af den ekspanderbare indretning, fig. 6 er en afbildning af konstruktionen anbragt i jorden efter ekspansion af den ekspanderbare indretning, 30 fig. 7 er en snitafbildning af en alternativ udførelsesform under neddrivning i jorden, og fig. 8 er en afbildning svarende til fig. 7, men illu-35 strerer konstruktionen i forankret stand.The invention is further explained by the following description of some embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the structure 10 of the invention prior to expansion of the expandable device; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the structure after expansion of the expandable device; FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but merely illustrates a rod included in the structure with a pendent expandable device; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the structure of FIG. 3, but at a slightly different perspective angle and with the expandable device illustrated in expanded condition; FIG. 5 is a view of the structure disposed in the ground prior to expansion of the expandable device; FIG. 6 is a view of the structure placed in the ground after expansion of the expandable device; FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an alternate embodiment during soil drift and FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7, but illustrates the structure in anchored condition.
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Konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen består af to dele 1, 2, der er bevægelige i forhold til hinanden i aksial retning, og en indretning 3, der er ekspanderbar i tværgående retning og indrettet til at påvirkes til ekspansion 5 ved relativ bevægelse mellem delene med henblik på forankring af konstruktionen i jorden.The construction according to the invention consists of two parts 1, 2 which are movable relative to each other in the axial direction and a device 3 which is expandable in a transverse direction and arranged to be influenced to expansion 5 by relative movement between the parts for anchoring. of construction in the ground.
En af delene udgøres af en stang 1, medens den anden del udgøres af et rør 2, som omgiver stangen.One of the portions is constituted by a bar 1, while the other portion is constituted by a tube 2 surrounding the bar.
1010
Den ekspanderbare indretning omfatter forankringselementer 21 i tilknytning til stangen 1. Nærmere bestemt er der ved det viste eksempel anbragt en muffe 4 omkring stangen, og denne muffe er udformet med snit 5, der 15 strækker sig langs en del af muffen 4. i eksemplet strækker snittene 5 sig helt aksialt langs muffen, og fire snit er ensartet fordelt omkring muffen. Snittene strækker sig fra muffens ene ende mod den anden. Nærmere bestemt strækker snittene 5 sig fra muffens ende 6 nær rø-20 ret 2 set i konstruktionens tilstand før ekspansion af muffen 4. Forankringselementerne 21 udgøres af tungelignende dele af muffen, som findes mellem snittene 5.The expandable device comprises anchor members 21 adjacent to the rod 1. More specifically, in the example shown, a sleeve 4 is disposed around the rod and this sleeve is formed with cut 5 extending along a portion of the sleeve 4. In the example, the sections 5 are completely axial along the sleeve, and four sections are uniformly distributed around the sleeve. The cuts extend from one end of the sleeve to the other. Specifically, the cuts 5 extend from the end 6 of the sleeve near the tube 20 as seen in the state of the construction prior to expansion of the sleeve 4. The anchoring elements 21 are constituted by tongue-like portions of the sleeve which exist between the cuts 5.
Som det fremgår mest tydeligt af fig. 3 og 4, holdes muf-25 fen 4 således i forhold til stangen 1, at muffen støttes af stangen 1 i mindst én retning langs denne og konstruktionens akse. Denne retning er i fig. 3 betegnet med en pil PI. Denne støttefunktion kan realiseres på forskellige måder. I fig. 3 og 4 er det antydet, at der til stan-30 gens 1 nedre ende er fastgjort et stopelement 7, som kan udgøres af en cirkulær skive eller ring og tjener til at begrænse muffens 4 bevægelse i pilens PI retning. Muffen 4 skydes på stangen 1 og kan fastgøres til stopelementet 7 f.eks. ved svejsning. En sådan fiksering er hensigts-35 mæssig men ikke nødvendig.As can be seen most clearly in FIG. 3 and 4, the sleeve 4 is held relative to the rod 1 so that the sleeve is supported by the rod 1 in at least one direction along it and the axis of the structure. This direction is shown in FIG. 3 denoted by an arrow PI. This support function can be realized in various ways. In FIG. 3 and 4, it is suggested that a stop member 7 which is constituted by a circular disc or ring is attached to the lower end of the rod 1 and serves to limit the movement of the sleeve 4 in the direction of the arrow P1. The sleeve 4 is slid onto the rod 1 and can be attached to the stop member 7 e.g. by welding. Such fixation is appropriate but not necessary.
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Røret 2 er indrettet til med sin ene ende 8 at påvirke muffen 4, så at denne ekspanderes på den i fig. 2 viste måde. Nærmere bestemt er røret 2 indrettet til at gå ind i muffen med sin ende 8, så at muffens forankringselemen-5 ter 21, defineret af tilstødende snit 5, bøjes udad. Elementerne 21 skyder mest ud ved muffeenden 6 og derpå i aftagende grad nedad, således som det fremgår af fig. 2, 4 og 6. Denne udbøjning begyndende ved muffens 4 øvre ende indebærer en fortræffelig beskyttelse mod uønsket 10 løftning af konstruktionen, eftersom de udbøjede dele gives god støtte af jorden og ydermere påvirkes ved tendens til løftning af konstruktionen til at bøjes yderligere ud med deraf følgende endnu bedre evne til at modstå løftning. De udbøjede elementer 21 giver også konstruktionen 15 forbedret mulighed for at modstå siderettede belastninger på konstruktionen eller på komponenter, der er fastgjort til denne.The tube 2 is arranged to actuate with its one end 8 the sleeve 4 so that it is expanded on the sleeve 4 shown in FIG. 2. More specifically, the tube 2 is arranged to enter the sleeve with its end 8 so that the anchor members 21 of the sleeve, defined by adjacent section 5, are bent outwards. The elements 21 shoot most extensively at the sleeve end 6 and then downwardly, as shown in FIG. 2, 4 and 6. This deflection, beginning at the upper end of the sleeve 4, provides excellent protection against undesired lifting of the structure, since the deflected parts are well supported by the ground and are further affected by the tendency for the structure to be further bent out thereof. following even better ability to withstand lifting. The deflected elements 21 also provide the structure 15 with improved ability to withstand lateral loads on the structure or on components attached thereto.
Det fremgår af fig. 1 og 5, at rørets 2 ende 8 er konisk 20 for at lette rørets indføring mellem elementerne 21 eller muffen 4 og stangen 1. Som supplement kan muffeenden 6 være udformet konisk på den indre side, så at muffens 4 indre diameter ved enden 6 tiltager i retning mod røret 2.It can be seen from FIG. 1 and 5, that the end 8 of the tube 2 is tapered 20 to facilitate the insertion of the tube between the elements 21 or the sleeve 4 and the rod 1. In addition, the sleeve end 6 may be tapered on the inner side so that the inner diameter of the sleeve 4 at the end 6 increases. towards the tube 2.
2525
Det foretrækkes, at muffens 4 indre flade omgiver stangen 1 med et vist spillerum for at lette rørets 2 indføring mellem muffens 4 indre flade og stangen 1. Muffen 4 kan f.eks. have en indvendig diameter, der er mellem 5 og 15 30 % større end stangens 1 udvendige diameter. Ved en kom merciel udførelsesform for konstruktionen til hegn kan stangen 1 have en udvendig diameter på 20 mm, medens muffens indvendige diameter er 22 mm. 1It is preferred that the inner surface of the sleeve 4 surround the rod 1 with some clearance to facilitate the insertion of the tube 2 between the inner surface of the sleeve 4 and the rod 1. The sleeve 4 can e.g. have an inside diameter between 5 and 15 30% larger than the outside diameter of the rod 1. In a commercial embodiment of the fence construction, rod 1 may have an outside diameter of 20 mm, while the inside diameter of the sleeve is 22 mm. 1
Det er hensigtsmæssigt, at rørets 2 udvendige diameter i det væsentlige er lige så stor som muffens 4 udvendige diameter før ekspansion/udbøjning af muffen for at lette 6Conveniently, the outside diameter of the tube 2 is substantially equal to the outside diameter of the sleeve 4 before expansion / bending of the sleeve to facilitate 6
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konstruktionens neddrivning i jorden. Rørets 2 indvendige diameter er fortrinsvis mellem 5 og 15 % større end stangens 1 udvendige diameter. Ved en kommerciel udførelsesform er røret 2 beregnet til at have en indvendig diame-5 ter på 22 mm, medens stangens 1 udvendige diameter som nævnt ovenfor er 20 mm. Røret 2 bør have et sådant spillerum i forhold til stangen 1, at det kan forskydes forholdsvis nemt langs stangen, men spillerummet bør ikke være så stort, at stangen 1 kan bevæges alt for meget i 10 tværgående retning i røret 2, eftersom det i denne udførelsesform er hensigten at fastgøre yderligere elementer til stangen 1, hvilket beskrives i det følgende.the demolition of the construction in the ground. The inner diameter of the tube 2 is preferably between 5 and 15% larger than the outside diameter of the rod 1. In a commercial embodiment, the tube 2 is intended to have an internal diameter of 22 mm, while the outside diameter of the rod 1 as mentioned above is 20 mm. The tube 2 should have such clearance relative to the rod 1 that it can be moved relatively easily along the rod, but the clearance should not be so large that the rod 1 can move too much in a transverse direction in the tube 2, since in this Embodiment is intended to attach additional elements to the rod 1, which is described below.
Hvis det er hensigten, at konstruktionen skal bevæges el-15 ler drives ned i et forboret hul i jorden, kan det være hensigtsmæssigt, at den ende, der dannes af stangen 1 og/eller stopelementet 7 og/eller muffen 4, er forholdsvis stump, så at konstruktionen standses i hullets bund.If the structure is intended to be moved or driven down into a pre-drilled hole in the ground, it may be convenient that the end formed by rod 1 and / or stop member 7 and / or sleeve 4 be relatively blunt so that the structure is stopped at the bottom of the hole.
Hvis hensigten i stedet er at presse eller nedslå kon-20 struktionen i jorden uden forboring, bør enden i stedet for hvad der er tilfældet ved den på tegningen viste udførelsesform forsynes med en skarp nedre ende.If, instead, the intention is to push or knock the structure into the ground without pre-drilling, then the end should be provided with a sharp lower end instead of the case shown in the drawing.
Det foretrækkes, at muffen 4 før ekspansion har en hul 25 cylindrisk form.It is preferred that the sleeve 4 before expansion has a hollow cylindrical shape.
Røret 2 er forsynet med organer 9, der rager frem fra rørets kappe, til stabilisering af dette og dermed den i røret optagne stang 1 ved indgreb med jorden. Dette organ 30 har i eksemplet karakter af to lodret orienterede vinger 10, 11, som fortrinsvis danner en vinkel på ca. 90° mellem hinanden. Vingerne 10 og 11 kan danne dele af et enkelt skivestykke, som er bøjet ca. 90° langs en bøjningszone 12 med en krumningsradius, der i det væsentlige sva-35 rer til radius for rørets 2 ydre flade. Skivestykket er fastgjort til røret 2 f.eks. ved svejsning, så at bøjningszonen 12 ligger an mod rørets 2 kappe og er parallel 7The tube 2 is provided with means 9 projecting from the casing of the tube to stabilize this and thus the rod 1 received in the tube by engagement with the ground. This member 30 has in the example the character of two vertically oriented wings 10, 11 which preferably form an angle of approx. 90 ° between each other. The blades 10 and 11 can form parts of a single slice which is bent approx. 90 ° along a bending zone 12 with a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of the outer surface of the tube 2. The washer is attached to the tube 2 e.g. by welding such that the bending zone 12 abuts against the casing of the pipe 2 and is parallel 7
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med rørets 2 akse. Endvidere har vingerne 10, 11 med fordel nedre kanter 15, 16, der i rørets 2 lodrette stilling strækker sig skråt opad fra røret 2. Vingerne 10, 11 har endvidere øvre kanter 13, 14, som fortrinsvis er paral-5 leile med planer vinkelret på rørets 2 længdeakse. Vingerne 10, 11 kan hver især i praksis have en i det væsentlige trekantet form. Vingerne eller organerne 10, 11 kan imidlertid også have en hvilken som helst anden passende form; det for den tilsigtede stabiliseringsfunktion 10 væsentlige er, at vingerne eller organerne skyder ud fra røret og indgriber med den omkringliggende jord, så at belastninger, der påvirker stangen 1 eller røret 2 i en vinkelretning på disses længderetningerne, overføres til større jordflader, end hvis sådanne vinger eller organer 15 ikke var tilvejebragt. Eftersom vingerne 10, 11 ved denne udførelsesform strækker sig i en vinkel med hinanden, har de en stabiliserende virkning i alle tværretninger.with the tube axis 2. Further, the blades 10, 11 advantageously have lower edges 15, 16 which in the vertical position of the tube 2 extend obliquely upwards from the tube 2. The blades 10, 11 further have upper edges 13, 14, which are preferably parallel to planes perpendicular to the plane. on the longitudinal axis of the tube 2. The wings 10, 11 can each in practice have a substantially triangular shape. However, the wings or members 10, 11 may also have any other suitable shape; it is essential for the intended stabilization function 10 that the blades or members project from the pipe and engage with the surrounding soil, so that loads affecting the rod 1 or pipe 2 at an angle to their longitudinal directions are transmitted to larger ground surfaces than if such wings or members 15 were not provided. Since the wings 10, 11 in this embodiment extend at an angle to each other, they have a stabilizing effect in all transverse directions.
Vingerne eller organerne 10, 11 er anordnede ved rørets 2 20 øvre ende. Som det fremgår af det følgende, er rørets 2 øvre ende beregnet til anbringelse nær jordens overflade, når konstruktionen er anbragt i jorden.The wings or members 10, 11 are arranged at the upper end of the pipe 2 20. As can be seen from the following, the upper end of the pipe 2 is intended to be placed near the earth's surface when the structure is placed in the ground.
Stangen 1 har i denne udførelsesform et gevind 17, der er 25 indrettet til samvirke med en møtrik 22, der er indrettet til direkte eller via en mellemliggende skive eller lignende at støtte mod røret ved den øvre ende, hvorved stangen 1 og røret 2 er tvangsvis indbyrdes bevægelige ved drejning af møtrikken 2.The rod 1 has in this embodiment a thread 17 arranged to cooperate with a nut 22 arranged to support directly or via an intermediate washer or the like against the tube at the upper end, the rod 1 and the tube 2 being mutually movable by turning the nut 2.
3030
Ved anbringelse af konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen i jorden går man frem på følgende måde; hvis jorden er meget hård, kan der forbores et hul, hvorpå konstruktionen slås eller presses ned til den i fig. 5 viste stilling.In applying the construction according to the invention to the ground, proceed as follows; if the ground is very hard, a hole may be drilled and the structure struck or pressed down to that of FIG. 5.
35 Ingen forboring er nødvendig ved forholdsvis blød jord. Nedslåningen eller nedpresningen skal foretages på en sådan måde, at organerne 21 ikke bøjes ud under denne ope- 835 No pre-drilling is required for relatively soft soil. The downpouring or squeezing must be carried out in such a way that the means 21 are not bent during this operation.
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ration. Slag- eller pressekræfterne bør derfor udøves på stangen 1 eller samtidig på denne og røret 2. Ved den i fig. 5 viste stilling er vingerne 10, 11 drevet ned i jorden, medens rørets øvre ende ligger over jordens over-5 flade. Herefter udøves en sådan kraft på stangen 1 og røret 2 ved hjælp af møtrikken 22, at stangen 1 og muffen 4 bevæges opad, og rørets ende 8 trænger ind i muffen 4 og successivt udbøjer dennes af snittene 5 afgrænsede partier 21 på den i fig. 6 viste måde. Denne funktion opnås 10 blot ved drejning af møtrikken 22. Konstruktionen er af en sådan art, at røret 2 med tilhørende vinger 10, 11 forbliver i det væsentlige stationær under stangens 1 og forankringsorganernes 21 opadgående bevægelse. Det har vist sig, at denne funktion er yderst fordelagtig til 15 sikker og effektiv udbøjning af organerne 21, idet disses udbøjning fremmes af kontakten med jorden, fordi organerne 21 samtidig med at de bøjes udad også bevæges opad ved deres forbindelse med stangen 1. Den samtidige udbøjning og opadgående bevægelse af organerne 21 bevirker, at de i 20 hovedsagen trænger ind i jorden i det væsentlige parallelt med deres længderetning, dvs. med deres øvre ender skærende sig ned i jorden. I fravær af den beskrevne opadgående bevægelse af forankringsorganerne 21 skulle disse da presses ned i jorden med deres store ydre flader 25 forrest. Dette ville kræve yderst store kræfter og endvidere indebære risiko for uønsket forvridning af forankringsorganerne 21.ration. Therefore, the impact or pressing forces should be exerted on the rod 1 or simultaneously on the rod and the tube 2. In the case shown in FIG. 5, the blades 10, 11 are driven into the ground while the upper end of the pipe is above the surface of the ground. Thereafter, such force is exerted on the rod 1 and the tube 2 by means of the nut 22 that the rod 1 and the sleeve 4 are moved upwards and the end 8 of the tube penetrates into the sleeve 4 and successively deflects it portions 21 defined by the cuts 5 in FIG. 6. This function is achieved only by turning the nut 22. The construction is such that the pipe 2 with associated wings 10, 11 remains substantially stationary during the upward movement of the rod 1 and the anchoring means 21. It has been found that this function is extremely advantageous for safe and effective deflection of the means 21, since their deflection is promoted by contact with the ground, since the means 21, while being bent outwards, are also moved upwards by their connection with the rod 1. The simultaneous deflection and upward movement of the means 21 causes them to substantially penetrate the ground in substantially parallel to their longitudinal direction, i.e. with their upper ends cutting into the ground. In the absence of the described upward movement of the anchoring means 21, these should then be pressed into the ground with their large outer faces 25 at the front. This would require extremely large forces and also involve the risk of unwanted distortion of the anchoring bodies 21.
Det har overraskende vist sig, at røret 2 forbliver i det 30 væsentlige stationær i sin længderetning også uden, at ydre holdekræfter udøves på røret 2. Det har endog vist sig i forbindelse med forborede huller, at stangen 1 og forankringsorganerne 21 primært bevæges opad, medens røret 2 forbliver stationært. Forklaringen synes at være, 35 at forankringsorganerne 21, idet de er bøjet udad begyndende ved deres øvre ender, virker som anlæg i forhold til jorden. Til opnåelse af den ønskede opadgående bevæ- 9Surprisingly, it has been found that the tube 2 remains substantially stationary in its longitudinal direction even without external holding forces being exerted on the tube 2. It has even been found in connection with pre-drilled holes that the rod 1 and the anchoring means 21 are primarily moved upwards. while tube 2 remains stationary. The explanation seems to be that the anchoring means 21, being bent outwardly starting at their upper ends, act as abutments to the ground. To achieve the desired upward motion 9
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gelse af stangen 1 og udbøj ning af organerne 21 under forankringsoperationen bør konstruktionen naturligvis være en sådan, at den af stangen 1 og udbøjningsorganerne 21 dannede enhed savner komponenter, som hindrer den til-5 sigtede opadgående bevægelse. Endvidere fremmer det den ønskede opadgående bevægelse af stangen 1 og udbøjningsorganerne 21, hvis den indledningsvise anbringelse af konstruktionen i den i fig. 5 viste stilling finder sted ved sådan nedpresning eller nedslåning, at røret 2 ved 10 friktion holdes på plads af den omgivende jord. Det kan nævnes, at vingerne 10 og 11 i en vis udstrækning hindrer rørets 2 nedadgående bevægelse, men det har ved forsøg vist sig, at røret 2 forbliver i den tilsigtede stilling selv uden vingerne 10 og 11. løvrigt er det hensigtsmæs-15 sigt, at eventuel forboring i jorden sker til en så lille dybde eller med en så lille diameter, at nedslåning eller nedpresning af konstruktionen i jorden skal finde sted, eftersom dette bevirker, at konstruktionen får en god indledningsvis sidestabilitet ved intim kontakt mellem 20 røret 2 og den omgivende jord.of the rod 1 and deflection of the means 21 during the anchoring operation, of course, the construction should be such that the unit formed by the rod 1 and the deflection means 21 lacks components which impede the intended upward movement. Further, it promotes the desired upward movement of the rod 1 and the deflection members 21 if the initial arrangement of the structure of the embodiment of FIG. 5 is carried out in such a way that the tube 2 is held in place by the surrounding soil at 10 friction. It may be mentioned that the blades 10 and 11 to some extent impede the downward movement of the tube 2, but it has been shown by experiment that the tube 2 remains in the intended position even without the blades 10 and 11. that any pre-drilling in the ground occurs to such a small depth or diameter that the downpouring or depression of the structure in the ground must take place, since this gives the structure a good initial lateral stability by intimate contact between the pipe 2 and the surrounding soil.
Efter udførelsen af forankringsoperationen er det beregnet, at møtrikken 22 forbliver på plads for at hindre, at røret 2 bevæger sig opad i forhold til stangen 1. Mellem 25 møtrikken 22 og rørets 2 øvre ende kan der iøvrigt ved hjælp af møtrikken fastspændes vilkårlige beslag eller lignende for yderligere komponenter. Alternativt kan stangen 1 fra begyndelsen have en så stor længde, at den uden yderligere hjælpeelementer kan udøve den ønskede 30 funktion, såsom at tjene til at bære eller støtte skilte, belysningsarmaturer, fittings, hegn eller andre vilkårlige anordninger. Ved eksemplet er det imidlertid tilsigtet, at særlige hjælpeelementer fastgøres til stangen 1. Stangens 1 gevind 17 kan anvendes til dette formål. På 35 dette gevind kan en muffe 18 ved udførelsesformen (fig.After performing the anchoring operation, it is intended that the nut 22 remains in place to prevent the tube 2 from moving upwardly relative to the rod 1. Between 25 the nut 22 and the upper end of the tube 2, any additional brackets or similar for additional components. Alternatively, the rod 1 may from the outset be so large that it can perform the desired function, without additional auxiliary elements, such as serving to support or support signs, lighting fixtures, fittings, fences, or other arbitrary devices. In the example, however, it is intended that special auxiliary elements be attached to the rod 1. The thread 17 of the rod 1 can be used for this purpose. On this thread, a sleeve 18 can in the embodiment (fig.
6) monteres, idet den er udformet med tilsvarende fastgørelsesorganer i form af et indvendigt gevind. Et pæleele- 106) mounted, having corresponding fastening means in the form of an internal thread. A pile bearing 10
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ment 19 kan efterfølgende monteres på muffen 18 ved, at det skubbes på denne, og indbyrdes fastgørelse af muffen 18 og pæleelementet kan finde sted ved hjælp af skematisk viste fastgørelsesorganer 20 f.eks. i form af skruer el-5 ler tappe. Et hegn eller andre vilkårlige anordninger kan derpå fastgøres på pæleelementet 19.ment 19 can subsequently be mounted on the sleeve 18 by pushing on it, and mutual attachment of the sleeve 18 and the pile element can take place by means of schematically shown fastening means 20, e.g. in the form of screws or 5 pins. A fence or any other device may then be secured to the pile member 19.
Eftersom udbøjningsoperationen, dvs. udbøjningen af organerne 21 finder sted ved drejning af møtrikken 22, vil 10 denne operation ikke udsætte konstruktionen for nogen nedadrettede kræfter; alle kræfter vil derfor udøves mellem stangen 1 og røret 2 og vil som beskrevet ovenfor være tilbøjelig til at bevirke opadgående bevægelse af stangen 1 og organerne 21.Since the deflection operation, i.e. bending of the members 21 takes place by turning the nut 22, this operation will not expose the structure to any downward forces; therefore, all forces will be exerted between the rod 1 and the tube 2 and, as described above, will tend to cause upward movement of the rod 1 and the means 21.
1515
Den i fig. 7 og 8 viste variant svarer principielt til den beskrevne udførelsesform, og samme henvisningsbetegnelser anvendes derfor for tilsvarende dele. Også her omfatter konstruktionen en stang 1 og et rør 2, der omgiver 20 denne. Som før er en muffe 4 fastgjort til stangens 1 nedre ende og omfatter snit 5, der begynder fra muffens øvre ende. Delene mellem disse snit 5 danner udbøjelige forankringsorganer 21. Røret 2 er dannet af to sektioner, nemlig en nedre 23 og en øvre 24, idet den øvre er fast-25 gjort til den nedre og har en så stor diameter, at den griber om den nedre sektions 23 øvre ende. Den øvre rørsektion 24 omfatter organer 25, her i form af en flange, der tjener til forbindelse med vilkårlige komponenter. På rørets 2 ydre side er der fastgjort vingeformede stabili-30 seringsorganer 10, 11, og disse er orienterede parallelt og er i praksis anbragt i et og samme plan. Hvis sidestabilitet også er ønskelig vinkelret på dette plan, kan der anbringes yderligere stabiliseringsvinger, i en vinkel med dette plan. Vingernes nedre kanter 15, 16 strækker sig 35 skråt opad i retning bort fra rørets 2 ydre kappe.The FIG. 7 and 8 correspond in principle to the described embodiment, and the same reference numerals are therefore used for corresponding parts. Here, too, the structure comprises a rod 1 and a tube 2 surrounding it. As before, a sleeve 4 is attached to the lower end of the rod 1 and comprises section 5 beginning from the upper end of the sleeve. The portions between these sections 5 form flexible anchoring means 21. The tube 2 is formed of two sections, namely, a lower 23 and an upper 24, the upper 25 being secured to the lower and having a diameter so large as to grip it. lower section 23 upper end. The upper pipe section 24 comprises means 25, here in the form of a flange, which serves to connect with any components. On the outer side of the tube 2, wing-shaped stabilizing means 10, 11 are attached, and these are oriented in parallel and are in practice arranged in one and the same plane. If lateral stability is also desirable perpendicular to this plane, additional stabilizing vanes may be placed at an angle to this plane. The lower edges 15, 16 of the wings extend 35 obliquely upwardly away from the outer casing of the tube 2.
DK 164184BDK 164184B
1111
Ved denne udførelsesform har stangen en betydelig mindre diameter end rørets 2 indvendige diameter. Ved området for rørets 2 nedre ende findes der et styreorgan 26, som har et hul, der optager stangen 1 og har lidt større dia-5 meter end denne. Organet 26 kan være dannet af en på røret 2 fastsvejst skive eller lignende. Også her har stangen 1 et gevind 17, der er beregnet til indgreb med en møtrik 22 til udbøjning af organerne 21. Møtrikken 22 er beregnet til at støtte mod røret 2 via et anlægsorgan 27, 10 der passende har karakter af en skive eller plade med et hul til fri optagelse af stangen 1 og indrettet til anlæg mod den nedre rørsektions 23 øvre ende med sin ydre periferi. Som det fremgår, har stangen 1 en sådan begrænset længde, at dens øvre ende ligger under rørets 2 øvre en-15 de.In this embodiment, the rod has a significantly smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the tube 2. At the region of the lower end of the tube 2 there is a guide member 26 which has a hole which receives the rod 1 and has a slightly larger diameter than 5 meters. The member 26 may be formed by a disc welded to the tube 2 or the like. Here, too, the rod 1 has a thread 17 intended for engagement with a nut 22 for deflecting the means 21. The nut 22 is intended to support the tube 2 via a abutment member 27, 10 which is suitably of a disc or plate having a hole for free uptake of the rod 1 and arranged to abut the upper end of the lower pipe section 23 with its outer periphery. As can be seen, the rod 1 is of such a limited length that its upper end lies below the upper end of the tube 2.
Når konstruktionen ifølge fig. 7 og 8 anbringes i jorden, går man frem på følgende måde: indledningsvis slås konstruktionen ned i jorden, og dette sker passende ved 20 hjælp af et i fig. 7 skematisk vist slagkraftoverførende organ 28, der er indrettet til med et nedre centralt parti 29 at overføre slag til stangen 1. Det slagudøvende organ har endvidere en rundtgående periferisk flange 30, der er beregnet til at ligge an mod anlægsdelen 27. Orga-25 net 28 er derfor indrettet til samtidig at slagpåvirke stangen 1 og røret 2; konstruktionen er imidlertid af en sådan art, at slagpåvirkning blot på røret 2 ikke kan finde sted, eftersom dette ville kunne medføre for tidlig udbøjning af organerne 21. Som det fremgår, føres slagor-30 ganet ind i røret 2 via dettes øvre åbne ende.When the structure of FIG. 7 and 8 are placed in the ground as follows: Initially, the structure is struck into the ground, and this is suitably done by means of one in FIG. 7 schematically illustrates impact transmitting means 28 arranged to transmit impacts to the rod with a lower central portion 29. The impacting means further has an circumferential peripheral flange 30 intended to abut abutment member 27. Organ 25 28 is therefore arranged to simultaneously impact the rod 1 and the tube 2; however, the construction is of such a nature that impact on the tube 2 simply cannot take place as this could cause premature deflection of the means 21. As can be seen, the impact member is introduced into the tube 2 via its upper open end.
Når konstruktionen er slået ned til den ønskede dybde, fjernes slagorganet 28, og i stedet indføres en møtrikstrammer i røret 2 og bringes til indgreb med møtrikken 35 22. Herpå drejes møtrikken 22, hvorved stangen 1 og for- ankringsorganerne 21 bevæges opad, medens sidstnævnte successivt udbøjes og indgriber med den omgivende jord påWhen the structure is lowered to the desired depth, the impact member 28 is removed and instead a nut tensioner is inserted into the tube 2 and brought into engagement with the nut 35 22. Thereafter, the nut 22 is turned, thereby moving the rod 1 and the anchoring means 21 upwards, while the latter successively deflect and engage with the surrounding soil on
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12 en måde, der er analog med den ovenfor beskrevne.12 in a manner analogous to that described above.
Konstruktionen kan naturligvis modificeres på flere måder inden for opfindelsens rammer. Det skal endvidere nævnes, 5 at omend konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen er blevet beskrevet under henvisning til lodret anbringelse af konstruktionen af hensyn til forenklet fremstilling, kan konstruktionen naturligvis inden for opfindelsens rammer også anbringes mere eller mindre skråtstillet; i forbin-10 delse med skråstillinger kan det også hænde, at der er behov for at anbringe konstruktionen i det væsentlige vandret.Of course, the structure can be modified in several ways within the scope of the invention. It is further to be noted that, although the structure of the invention has been described with reference to the vertical arrangement of the structure for simplified manufacture, the structure may, of course, also within the scope of the invention be placed more or less obliquely; in connection with sloping positions, it may also be necessary to place the structure substantially horizontally.
15 20 25 30 3515 20 25 30 35
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8701535 | 1987-04-13 | ||
| SE8701535A SE456833B (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1987-04-13 | ANCHORING DEVICE FOR POSTS |
| PCT/SE1988/000185 WO1988008066A1 (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1988-04-12 | Anchoring device |
| SE8800185 | 1988-04-12 | ||
| CA000590780A CA1328975C (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1989-02-10 | Anchoring device |
| CA590780 | 1989-02-10 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK684188A DK684188A (en) | 1988-12-08 |
| DK164184B true DK164184B (en) | 1992-05-18 |
| DK164184C DK164184C (en) | 1992-11-02 |
Family
ID=25672438
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK684188D DK684188D0 (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1988-12-08 | ANCHORAGE CONSTRUCTION |
| DK684188A DK164184C (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1988-12-08 | ANCHORAGE CONSTRUCTION |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK684188D DK684188D0 (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1988-12-08 | ANCHORAGE CONSTRUCTION |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0418226B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE212406T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1328975C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3856513D1 (en) |
| DK (2) | DK684188D0 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI885750A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO165648C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE456833B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988008066A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990010133A1 (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-07 | Per Dammen | Clamp for fastening of a post element |
| FR2681894A1 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-04-02 | Breuzin Serge | Device for fixing objects such as straps or nets to the ground |
| FR2684406B1 (en) * | 1991-12-02 | 1994-05-20 | Sud Ouest Sa Voilerie | DEVICE FOR ANCHORING FRAMEWORK SUPPORTS OF STRUCTURES CARRIED IN CANVAS OR THE LIKE. |
| SE501275C2 (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1995-01-09 | A Kit Ab | Anchors for anchoring objects in ground such as ground |
| EP0562128A1 (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1993-09-29 | HTC High-Tech-Center AG | Mechanical prefabricated ground foundation for insertion into the ground and substitution to conventional ground anchoring methods by means of individual cast concrete foundations |
| AU3149295A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-03-04 | Marine Environmental Solutions, L.L.C. | Ground anchoring system |
| NL1012644C2 (en) | 1999-07-20 | 2001-01-23 | Antonius Maria Van Heugten | Bottom anchor. |
| CA2507344C (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2014-02-18 | Ciro Pasini | Explosive-activated ground anchor assembly |
| GB0515238D0 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2005-08-31 | Warburton Steve F W | Ground anchor |
| FR2892433B1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-12-28 | Claude Jean Marie Esnault | FIXING DEVICE IN ROOF GROUND WITH ITS INSTALLATION METHOD |
| GB2449909B (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2009-07-08 | Purton Sustainable Technologie | Method and apparatus for mounting a pole into the ground |
| US10352013B2 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2019-07-16 | Stephen Kelleher | Ground mounting assembly |
| ITMO20120176A1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-10 | Demo Protezioni Antiurto S R L | ANTI-SHOCK PROTECTION DEVICE. |
| FR3000981B1 (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2015-06-19 | Claude Sire | DEVICE FOR DELIMITATION OF A ZONE, ARTICULATED AND CONFORMABLE, IN PARTICULAR IN GARDEN LAYOUT |
| DE102021106610B3 (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2022-04-14 | Maier Bautechnik Gmbh | Cable holder device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US978505A (en) * | 1910-04-23 | 1910-12-13 | William R Stewart | Metallic fence-post. |
| US1214679A (en) * | 1915-10-23 | 1917-02-06 | American Steel & Wire Co | Anchor for fence-posts. |
| US3228153A (en) * | 1962-07-02 | 1966-01-11 | Harvey Aluminum Inc | Explosive actuated anchor |
| US3855745A (en) * | 1973-09-24 | 1974-12-24 | Merit Syst Inc | Earth anchor |
| GB2042019A (en) * | 1979-01-27 | 1980-09-17 | Sanders P | Ground anchored posts |
| WO1982000170A1 (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1982-01-21 | T Eller | Fence construction |
-
1987
- 1987-04-13 SE SE8701535A patent/SE456833B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-04-12 AT AT88903458T patent/ATE212406T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-12 WO PCT/SE1988/000185 patent/WO1988008066A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-04-12 EP EP88903458A patent/EP0418226B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-12 DE DE3856513T patent/DE3856513D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-06 NO NO885417A patent/NO165648C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-08 DK DK684188D patent/DK684188D0/en unknown
- 1988-12-08 DK DK684188A patent/DK164184C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-12 FI FI885750A patent/FI885750A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1989
- 1989-02-10 CA CA000590780A patent/CA1328975C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK684188A (en) | 1988-12-08 |
| SE456833B (en) | 1988-11-07 |
| DK164184C (en) | 1992-11-02 |
| ATE212406T1 (en) | 2002-02-15 |
| NO165648B (en) | 1990-12-03 |
| NO885417D0 (en) | 1988-12-06 |
| DK684188D0 (en) | 1988-12-08 |
| SE8701535D0 (en) | 1987-04-13 |
| FI885750A0 (en) | 1988-12-12 |
| WO1988008066A1 (en) | 1988-10-20 |
| CA1328975C (en) | 1994-05-03 |
| EP0418226A1 (en) | 1991-03-27 |
| EP0418226B1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| NO885417L (en) | 1988-12-06 |
| NO165648C (en) | 1991-03-13 |
| FI885750A (en) | 1988-12-12 |
| DE3856513D1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
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| PUP | Patent expired |