DK162549B - LAMP LAMP AND METHOD OF APPLYING A METAL OXIDE COAT ON THE OUTER OF THE LAMP LAMP. - Google Patents
LAMP LAMP AND METHOD OF APPLYING A METAL OXIDE COAT ON THE OUTER OF THE LAMP LAMP. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK162549B DK162549B DK364084A DK364084A DK162549B DK 162549 B DK162549 B DK 162549B DK 364084 A DK364084 A DK 364084A DK 364084 A DK364084 A DK 364084A DK 162549 B DK162549 B DK 162549B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- lamp
- incandescent lamp
- envelope
- sheath
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZPPSOOVFTBGHBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+);oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O ZPPSOOVFTBGHBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 tungsten halogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
- H01K1/32—Envelopes; Vessels provided with coatings on the walls; Vessels or coatings thereon characterised by the material thereof
- H01K1/325—Reflecting coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/20—Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Formation Of Various Coating Films On Cathode Ray Tubes And Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DK 162549 BDK 162549 B
Opfindelsen angår en glødelampe omfattende en glødetråd indesluttet i en indhylm'ng af kvartsmateriale og en belægning bestående af et lag af rent metaloxid afle'jret på indhylningen uden brug af bindemiddel.The invention relates to an incandescent lamp comprising a filament enclosed in a wrap of quartz material and a coating consisting of a layer of pure metal oxide deposited on the wrap without the use of binder.
55
Lamper af den type, hvor en wolframglødetråd til udsendelse af infrarød stråling er understøttet i en i hovedsagen rørformet indhylning, der er fremstillet af kvarts eller et materiale med et højt kiselsyreindhold, kan f.eks. anvendes som kogeud-10 styr i hjemmet, som udstyr til tørring og til rumopvarmning.Lamps of the type in which a tungsten filament for emitting infrared radiation is supported in a generally tubular envelope made of quartz or a high silica content, e.g. used as a cooker in the home, as equipment for drying and for space heating.
Til maksimering af den strålingsmængde, der er til rådighed, er der en effektiv reflektor bag ved glødetråden, der kan operere ved temperaturer på 2000°K til 2600°K. Reflektoren kan 15 være anbragt uden for lampen som en del af indbygningen, i hvilken 1 ampen opererer, eller man kan i visse tilfælde foretrække en reflektor i form af en belægning af et egnet reflekterende materiale, der påføres på et område af overfladen af kvartsindhylningen af lampen. Ved høje dr iftstemperaturer af 2o lampen kan konventionelle reflekterende belægninger, såsom aluminium eller guld, hurtigt ødelægges.To maximize the amount of radiation available, there is an efficient reflector behind the filament that can operate at temperatures of 2000 ° K to 2600 ° K. The reflector may be positioned outside the lamp as part of the housing in which the amp operates, or in some cases a reflector may be preferred in the form of a coating of a suitable reflective material applied to an area of the surface of the quartz envelope of lamp. At high operating temperatures of the 2o lamp, conventional reflective coatings, such as aluminum or gold, can be quickly destroyed.
En kendt teknik til påføring af en ref 1ekterende belægning på overfladen af en kvartsindhylning består af en binding af et 25 lag af en pulverformet substans af højt smeltepunkt, såsom aluminiumoxid, til kvartsoverfladen ved smeltning med et uorganisk bindemiddel, såsom blyborat.A known technique for applying a reflective coating to the surface of a quartz envelope consists of bonding a layer of a high melting point powdered substance, such as alumina, to the quartz surface by melting with an inorganic binder such as lead borate.
Bi ndemidler har imidlertid ofte en termisk udvidelsekoeff i -30 cient, der afviger fra udvidelseskoefficienten af kvarts således, at der opstår overfladespændinger i kvartsindhylningen under brug af lampen. Derved skaller områder af den hvide reflekterende belægning af fra kvartsoverfladen.However, bonding agents often have a thermal expansion coefficient of -30 cient that deviates from the expansion coefficient of quartz so that surface stresses occur in the quartz envelope during use of the lamp. Thereby, areas of the white reflective coating peel off from the quartz surface.
35 Mange uorganiske forbindelser, såsom blyborat, zinkoxid og t i - tandioxid, der kan være egnet som bindemiddel, kan affarves enten reversibelt eller i rrevers i belt ved opvarmning. Derved nedsættes virkningsgraden af belægningen under lampens drift.Many inorganic compounds, such as lead borate, zinc oxide, and t -tin oxide, which may be suitable as a binder, can be decolorized either reversibly or in belt reverts by heating. This reduces the efficiency of the coating during lamp operation.
DK 162549 BDK 162549 B
22
En anden teknik er omtalt i britisk patent nr. 740.096, ifølge hvilket skrift en belægning af et fluorescerende pulver påføres på indersiden af en glaspære ved en hvirveleffekt frembragt ved hjælp af en strøm af luft eller oxygen og en efter-5 følgende passage af pulveret gennem en flamme således, at pul veret kan klæbe til giasoverf1aden, eksempelvis ved elektrostatisk tiltrækning.Another technique is disclosed in British Patent No. 740,096, according to which a coating of a fluorescent powder is applied to the inside of a glass bulb by a vortex effect produced by a flow of air or oxygen and a subsequent passage of the powder through a flame such that the powder can adhere to the gias surface, for example by electrostatic attraction.
En adhæsion ved denne teknik kan ikke anses for at være perma-10 nent, eftersom den tilførte belægning let vil kunne fjernes ved en svag gnidning med et ikke-slibende materiale og en sådan teknik kan derfor ikke anses for at være egnet for belægninger, der skal tilføres til den ydre overflade af en glaspære .An adhesion by this technique cannot be considered permanent since the applied coating can be easily removed by a slight rubbing with a non-abrasive material and such technique cannot therefore be considered suitable for coatings which must be applied to the outer surface of a glass bulb.
1515
Formålet med opfindelsen er at tilvejebringe en glødelampe med en væsenligt bedre reflekterende belægning på overfladen, og en fremgangsmåde til påføring af denne belægning.The object of the invention is to provide an incandescent lamp with a substantially better reflective coating on the surface, and a method for applying this coating.
20 En glødelampe af den indledningsvis nævnte art er ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved, at laget i en endnu smeltet tilstand er påført på den ydre overflade af indhylningen således, at laget permanent smeltes til den ydre overflade for derved at reflektere stråling emitteret fra glødetråden.According to the invention, an incandescent lamp of the kind mentioned in the invention is characterized in that the layer is applied in a still molten state to the outer surface of the envelope so that the layer is permanently melted to the outer surface, thereby reflecting radiation emitted from the filament.
2525
Lampen er fortrinsvis en wolfram-halogenlampe, der udsender infrarød stråling.The lamp is preferably a tungsten halogen lamp which emits infrared radiation.
Opfindelsen angår også en fremgangsmåde til påføring af en ren 30 metallisk oxidbelægning til i hvert fald en del af overfladen af en indhylning af en glødelampe, hvilken indhylning er fremstillet af kvartsmateriale, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter en blæsning af partikler af metaloxidet mod et område af indhyl-ningen, der skal belægges. Fremgangsmåden er ejendommelig ved, 35 at partiklerne blæses gennem en flamme af oxygeneret gas mod området på den ydre overflade af indhylningen ved en temperatur, der giver anledning til, at partiklerne smelter og derved bindes permanent til den ydre overflade.The invention also relates to a method for applying a pure metallic oxide coating to at least a portion of the surface of a filament lamp casing, said casing being made of quartz material, which comprises blasting particles of the metal oxide against a region of the casing. the coating to be coated. The method is characterized in that the particles are blown through a flame of oxygenated gas towards the area of the outer surface of the envelope at a temperature which causes the particles to melt and thereby permanently bond to the outer surface.
DK 162549 BDK 162549 B
33
Det område af indhylni ngen, der skal belægges, kan til at begynde med sandblæses således, at overfladen gøres ru, inden de opdelte partikler blæses dertil. Derved lettes bindingen af partiklerne til overfladen.The area of the envelope to be coated may initially be sandblasted such that the surface is roughened before the divided particles are blown thereto. This facilitates the bonding of the particles to the surface.
55
Det område af overf1aden af indhyln i ngen, der skal belægges, udstrækker sig fortrinsvis i hele længden af lampen, der fortrinsvis er rørformet, og omkring tilnærmelsesvis halvdelen af lampens periferi, 10The area of the surface of the envelope to be coated preferably extends throughout the length of the lamp, preferably tubular, and about half of the periphery of the lamp.
Belægningen kan efter påføring på den førformede lampe ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen have en variabel tykkelse, der er maksimal i et centralt område, der er dækket af belægningen, og er minimal i et perifert område.The coating may, after application to the preformed lamp of the method according to the invention, have a variable thickness which is maximal in a central region covered by the coating and is minimal in a peripheral region.
1515
Opfindelsen skal nærmere forklares i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en glødelampe ifølge opfindelsen og 20 fig. 2 glødelampen set i snit efter linien X-X i fig. 1.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which 1 shows an incandescent lamp according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows the incandescent lamp in section along the line X-X in fig. First
Fig. 1 viser en gløselampe til udsendelse af infrarød stråling omfattende en forformet kvartsindhylning 1 indeholdende halo-25 gengas, og i hvori en wolframglødetråd 2 er understøttet.FIG. 1 shows an incandescent lamp for emitting infrared radiation comprising a preformed quartz envelope 1 containing halo gas and in which a tungsten filament 2 is supported.
Et keramisk endedæksel 3 lukker hver af enderne af indhylnin-gen 1, idet hver af enderne udgøres af en indsnøringsforseg-ling 4, der forbinder et elektrisk forbindelsesled 5 til en 30 respektiv ende af glødetråden 2.A ceramic end cap 3 closes each of the ends of the casing 1, each of which being constituted by a lanyard seal 4 connecting an electrical connector 5 to a respective end of the filament 2.
Lampen er mere detaljeret beskrevet i europæisk of fentiiggør-elsesskrift nr. 120.639.The lamp is described in more detail in European Patent Application No. 120,639.
35 Der kræves imidlertid en effektiv reflektor til at reflektere infrarød stråling, der emitteres i en i hovedsagen nedadgående retning til opbakning af glødetråden således, at en relativHowever, an effective reflector is required to reflect infrared radiation emitted in a substantially downward direction for backing the filament such that a relative
DK 162549 BDK 162549 B
4 stor del af den udsendte infrarøde stråling reflekteres i opadgående retning mod det emne, der skal opvarmes, hvilket emne f.eks. kan være et kogeudstyr, når lampen' anvendes i en kogeplade således, som det er beskrevet i britisk offentliggørel-5 sesskrift nr. 2.132.060.4 a large part of the emitted infrared radiation is reflected upwardly towards the subject to be heated, which subject e.g. may be a cooking equipment when the lamp 'is used in a hob as described in British Patent Publication No. 2,132,060.
Ifølge opfindelsen er der tilvejebragt en i hovedsagen ren aluminiumoxidbelægning 6, der er bundet på en i hovedsagen permanent måde til overfladen af indhylningen 1. Belægningen 6 10 udstrækker sig i hovedsagen i hele lampens længde og omkring halvdelen af dennes periferi.According to the invention there is provided a substantially pure alumina coating 6 which is bonded in a substantially permanent manner to the surface of the casing 1. The coating 6 10 extends substantially throughout the length of the lamp and about half of its periphery.
Ved "i hovedsagen rent” aluminiumoxid forstås aluminiumoxid, der ikke indeholder urenheder, såsom bindemidler.By "substantially pure" alumina is meant alumina which does not contain impurities such as binders.
1515
Ifølge opfindelsen er der også anvist en fremgangsmåde til påføring af belægningen på kvartsindhyl ningen 1 af lampen. Fremgangsmåden omfatter en sprøjtepistolteknik, ved hvilken findelt aluminiumoxidpulver blæses gennem en oxygeneret flamme, 2o fortrinsvis en oxygeneret hydrogenf 1 amme, der rettes mod et område af kvartsindhylni ngen, der skal belægges således, at pulveret rammer overfladen direkte og bindes dertil.According to the invention, there is also provided a method for applying the coating to the quartz envelope 1 of the lamp. The method comprises a spray gun technique in which comminuted alumina powder is blown through an oxygenated flame, preferably an oxygenated hydrogen flame directed to a region of the quartz envelope to be coated so that the powder directly impacts the surface and binds thereto.
Ifølge opfindelsen er der således tilvejebragt en hvid alumi-25 niumoxidbelægning, der klæber stærkt til kvartsindhyl ni ngen 1 og ikke ødelægges under brug af lampen. Der er ikke noget krav om, at bindemidlet skal klæbe belægningen 6 til indhylningen 1. Derved undgås, at den hvide belægning misfarves enten reversibelt eller irreversibelt som følge af temperaturændringer 3Q under brug af lampen.Thus, according to the invention, there is provided a white alumina coating which adheres strongly to the quartz envelope and is not destroyed during use of the lamp. There is no requirement for the binder to adhere the coating 6 to the envelope 1. This prevents the white coating from being discolored either reversibly or irreversibly due to temperature changes 3Q when using the lamp.
De temperaturer, pulveret og kvartsindhylni ngen udstættes for, er til strækkel i g høje til at smelte aluminiumoxidpulveret, dvs. over 2000°C og derved bringe det til at smelte med 35 kvartsindhylningen således, at der frembringes en i hovedsagen permanent belægning, der ikke kan fjernes, ligesom belægninger påført ved kendte teknikker.The temperatures at which the powder and quartz envelope are exposed are high in g to melt the alumina powder, ie. above 2000 ° C, thereby causing it to fuse with the quartz wrap so as to produce a substantially permanent, non-removable coating, as well as coatings applied by known techniques.
DK 162549BDK 162549B
55
En yderligere fordel er, at sprøjtepistol teknikken muliggør en påføring af en belægning med en variabel tykkelse på den rørformede indhylning 1. Dette er vist tydeligere i fig. 2, som viser et tværsnit i stort målforhold efter linien X-X i fig.A further advantage is that the spray gun technique allows application of a variable thickness coating to the tubular sheath 1. This is more clearly shown in FIG. 2, which shows a large sectional cross-section along the line X-X in fig.
5 1. Tykkelsen er maksimal i et centralt område 7 af belægningen 6 og minimal i et perifert område 8, og denne variation i tykkelse kan være med til at forhindre kanterne af belægningen i at skalle af fra overfladen af indhylningen 1.The thickness is maximum in a central region 7 of the coating 6 and minimal in a peripheral area 8, and this variation in thickness may help prevent the edges of the coating from peeling off from the surface of the casing 1.
10 Ved at føre sprøjtepistolen eller andet udstyr til at sprøjte belægningen på indhylningen i en radiær retning i forhold til indhylningen eller ved at føre indhylningen i en radiær retning i forhold til pistolen kan der opnås en belægning af en i hovedsagen ensartet tykkelse.By directing the spray gun or other equipment to spray the coating on the sheath in a radial direction relative to the sheath or by passing the sheath in a radial direction to the gun, a coating of substantially uniform thickness can be obtained.
1515
En forholdsvis tyk reflekterende belægning kan opbygges på overf1aden af indhylningen ved gentagen påføring af al umini um-oxidpulveret ifølge opfindelsen.A relatively thick reflective coating can be built up on the surface of the sheath by repeated application of all the aluminum oxide powder of the invention.
20 Indhylningen 1 kan være fremstillet af alternative materialer med et højt kiselsyreindhold i stedet for af kvarts, når blot disse materialer uden revnedannelser er i stand til at modstå termiske chokpåvirkninger af en oxygeneret hydrogenflamme, der rammer overfladen, der til at begynde med er kold.The envelope 1 may be made of alternative materials with a high silica content rather than quartz, provided that these materials, without cracking, are able to withstand thermal shock effects of an oxygenated hydrogen flame that initially strikes the cold.
2525
Overfladen af indhylningen 1 kan gøres ru ved sandblæsning, inden aluminiumoxidpulveret tilføres, for derigennem at fremme adhæsionen af pulveret til overfladen.The surface of the sheath 1 can be roughened by sandblasting before the alumina powder is applied, thereby promoting the adhesion of the powder to the surface.
30 Som et alternativ til en oxygeneret hydrogenflamme kan en oxygeneret acetylenflamme anvendes til påføring af belægningen på indhylningen.30 As an alternative to an oxygenated hydrogen flame, an oxygenated acetylene flame can be used to apply the coating to the sheath.
Det belagte område af indhylningen kan udvides til at inde- 35 holde enderne 9 og 10 af lamperne i området af indsnoringsfor- seglingerne således som ved 4. Derved reduceres den varmemængde, indsnøringsforsegli ngerne udsættes for, hvorved lampens levetid forøges.The coated area of the casing may be expanded to contain the ends 9 and 10 of the lamps in the region of the lacing seals as at 4. This reduces the amount of heat to which the lacing seals are exposed, thereby increasing the lamp life.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB838320639A GB8320639D0 (en) | 1983-07-30 | 1983-07-30 | Incandescent lamps |
| GB8320639 | 1983-08-02 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK364084D0 DK364084D0 (en) | 1984-07-25 |
| DK364084A DK364084A (en) | 1985-02-03 |
| DK162549B true DK162549B (en) | 1991-11-11 |
| DK162549C DK162549C (en) | 1992-04-06 |
Family
ID=10546592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK364084A DK162549C (en) | 1983-07-30 | 1984-07-25 | LAMP LAMP AND METHOD OF APPLYING A METAL OXIDE COAT ON THE OUTER OF THE LAMP LAMP. |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4710677A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0133764B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH067477B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE41264T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU565255B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1224838A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3477096D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK162549C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB8320639D0 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE55572B1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ209073A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA845777B (en) |
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| GB8926139D0 (en) * | 1989-11-18 | 1990-01-10 | Emi Plc Thorn | Tungsten halogen lamp |
| US5382874A (en) * | 1992-11-03 | 1995-01-17 | Illumination Technology, Inc. | Self-aligning light directing surface mountable miniature incandescent lamp |
| US5723937A (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1998-03-03 | General Electric Company | Light-scattering coating, its preparation and use |
| US20080294152A1 (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 2008-11-27 | Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc. | Cooling System For A Photocosmetic Device |
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| US8182473B2 (en) | 1999-01-08 | 2012-05-22 | Palomar Medical Technologies | Cooling system for a photocosmetic device |
| DE69825447T2 (en) | 1997-05-15 | 2005-09-15 | Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc., Burlington | DEVICE FOR DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT |
| EP1566149A1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 2005-08-24 | Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc. | System for electromagnetic radiation of the skin |
| EP1168417A1 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-02 | General Electric Company | Incandescent lamp with an IR reflective coating and a fully reflective end coating |
| US20060020309A1 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2006-01-26 | Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc. | Methods and products for producing lattices of EMR-treated islets in tissues, and uses therefor |
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| US2063929A (en) * | 1935-06-28 | 1936-12-15 | Jr George H Hutaff | Mirrored electric light tubing |
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| US2181295A (en) * | 1939-04-18 | 1939-11-28 | Hygrade Sylvania Corp | Reflector bulb lamp |
| US2405261A (en) * | 1944-12-02 | 1946-08-06 | Verd A Ray Proc Company | Electric light bulb |
| US2509071A (en) * | 1945-05-29 | 1950-05-23 | Pennybacker Miles | Gas discharge lamp |
| US2697025A (en) * | 1950-12-12 | 1954-12-14 | Gen Electric | Method and apparatus for coating hollow glassware |
| NL94133C (en) * | 1953-02-06 | |||
| US2775718A (en) * | 1954-03-04 | 1956-12-25 | Dubilier William | Electronic speed light |
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| JPS5032757B1 (en) * | 1970-04-22 | 1975-10-23 | ||
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| DE2818815A1 (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-11-08 | Sueddeutsche Metallwerke Gmbh | IR halogen lamp for grills and roasting appts. esp. for food - has a quartz lamp tube contg. oxides which absorb visible light and increase infrared emission |
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| US4574218A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1986-03-04 | General Electric Company | Metal vapor lamp having internal means promoting condensate film formation |
-
1983
- 1983-07-30 GB GB838320639A patent/GB8320639D0/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-07-20 DE DE8484304952T patent/DE3477096D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-20 EP EP84304952A patent/EP0133764B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-20 IE IE1892/84A patent/IE55572B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-20 AT AT84304952T patent/ATE41264T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-24 AU AU31103/84A patent/AU565255B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-07-25 DK DK364084A patent/DK162549C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-26 ZA ZA845777A patent/ZA845777B/en unknown
- 1984-07-27 CA CA000459830A patent/CA1224838A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-31 JP JP59159445A patent/JPH067477B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-08-01 NZ NZ209073A patent/NZ209073A/en unknown
- 1984-08-02 US US06/636,990 patent/US4710677A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3110384A (en) | 1985-02-07 |
| DK364084D0 (en) | 1984-07-25 |
| ZA845777B (en) | 1985-05-29 |
| US4710677A (en) | 1987-12-01 |
| DK162549C (en) | 1992-04-06 |
| JPS6054159A (en) | 1985-03-28 |
| JPH067477B2 (en) | 1994-01-26 |
| IE55572B1 (en) | 1990-11-07 |
| DE3477096D1 (en) | 1989-04-13 |
| EP0133764B1 (en) | 1989-03-08 |
| EP0133764A1 (en) | 1985-03-06 |
| AU565255B2 (en) | 1987-09-10 |
| IE841892L (en) | 1985-02-02 |
| ATE41264T1 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
| DK364084A (en) | 1985-02-03 |
| NZ209073A (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| CA1224838A (en) | 1987-07-28 |
| GB8320639D0 (en) | 1983-09-01 |
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