DK160961B

DK160961B - HEAT BOILER

Info

Publication number: DK160961B
Application number: DK493285A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Asko Maeisti; Jaakko Tervaportti; Nils Kindberg; Toivo Kaernae; Erkki Vesterinen
Original assignee: Neste Oy
Priority date: 1984-10-26
Filing date: 1985-10-25
Publication date: 1991-05-06
Also published as: FI844224A0; FI844224L; DE3537704A1; DK160961C; SE463379B; FI71420C; SE8505023L; DK493285A; DK493285D0; NO854265L; NO159618C; FI71420B; DE3537704C2; NO159618B; SE8505023D0

Description

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DK 160961 BDK 160961 B

Opfindelsen vedrører en varmekedel med to oven over hinanden anbragte og adskilte fyrrum, der har en fælles vandkappe, fra hvilken den ved den nederste del af varmekedlen kan tilføres vand og ved den øverste del af varmekedlen kan 5 udledes vand, og en fælles afgangskanal for forbrændingsgas, hvorved den forbrændingsgas, der dannes i det nederste fyrrum, strømmer mod forbrændingsgaskanalen i samme retning som vandstrømmen i vandkappen.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a boiler having two superimposed and separate boilers having a common water jacket from which water can be supplied at the lower part of the boiler and water can be discharged at the upper part of the boiler, and a common exhaust gas duct , whereby the combustion gas formed in the lower boiler room flows towards the combustion gas duct in the same direction as the water flow in the water jacket.

En sådan varmekedel, som den der er vist i DE-OS 30 44 900, 10 har to oven over hinanden anbragte fyrrum, der hver især er indrettet til forskellige brændstoffer. I nederste fyrrum kan faste brændstoffer afbrændes, mens der findes en brænder i øverste fyrrum. Begge fyrrum er omgivet af en fælles vandkappe, fra hvilken der ved varmekedlens underside kan 15 tilføres vand og ved varmekedlens overside kan udledes vand. Den forbrændingsgas, der dannes i fyrrummene, føres til en i den øverste ende af varmekedlen anbragt afgangskanal for forbrændingsgas og udledes gennem denne. Derved bliver strømningstiden for den i øverste fyrrum dannede 20 forbrændingsgas hen til den i nærheden anbragte afgangskanal for forbrændingsgas relativ lille, så at kun en lille del af den varmeenergi, der er indeholdt i det øverste fyrrums forbrændingsgas, kan afgives til vandet i vandkappen .Such a boiler such as the one shown in DE-OS 30 44 900, 10 has two superimposed boiler rooms, each of which is adapted for different fuels. In the lower boiler room solid fuels can be burned, while a burner is located in the upper boiler room. Both boilers are surrounded by a common water jacket, from which water can be supplied at the underside of the boiler and water can be discharged at the upper side of the boiler. The combustion gas formed in the boilers is fed to an exhaust duct for combustion gas located at the upper end of the boiler and discharged through it. Thereby, the flow time of the upper combustion gas formed in the upper combustion gas to the nearby combustion gas outlet duct becomes relatively small, so that only a small part of the heat energy contained in the upper combustion gas combustion gas can be delivered to the water in the water jacket.

25 En varmekedel, der i det væsentlige har samme konstruktion som varmekedlen i henhold til DE-os 30 44 900, er også kendt fra FR-23 14 443.25 A boiler having substantially the same construction as the boiler according to DE-os 30 44 900 is also known from FR-23 14 443.

Fra CH-PS 3 82 946 kendes en varmekedel, der har et enkelt fyrrum, der er udstyret med såvel en rist til afbrænding af 30 faste brændstoffer som med en oliebrænder. Den mellem et fremløb og et tilbageløb forekommende vandstrøm i. vandkappen har samme retning som strømmen af forbrændingsgas fra den oven over risten anbragte oliebrænder. Således svarer varmekedlen i henhold til CH-PS 3 82 946 hvad angårFrom CH-PS 3 82 946 there is known a boiler having a single boiler room equipped with a grate for burning 30 solid fuels as well as with an oil burner. The flow of water between a flow and a reflux in the water jacket has the same direction as the flow of combustion gas from the oil burner placed above the grate. Thus, the boiler responds to CH-PS 3 82 946 in terms of

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2 strømningsretning for forbrændingsgas, til varmekedlen i henhold til DE-OS 30 44 900 og FR-23 14 443.2 flow direction for combustion gas, for the boiler according to DE-OS 30 44 900 and FR-23 14 443.

Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at videreudvikle varmekedelen af den indledningsvis nævnte art således, 5 at den varmeenergi, der dannes i øverste fyrrum, kan afgives til vandet i vandkappen med et lille tab. Yderligere skal varmekedlen have en kompakt og simpel konstruktion.The object of the present invention is to further develop the boiler of the kind mentioned above so that the heat energy generated in the upper boiler room can be delivered to the water in the water jacket with a small loss. Furthermore, the boiler must have a compact and simple construction.

Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at afgangskanalen for forbrændingsgas er anbragt mellem de to fyrrum og at den 10 forbrændingsgas, der dannes i det øverste fyrrum, strømmer mod forbrændingsgaskanalen i modstrøm til vandstrømmen i vandkappen. Det forhold, at den i øverste fyrrum dannede forbrændingsgas strømmer mod afgangskanalen for forbrændingsgas i modstrøm til vandstrømmen i vandkappen, giver 15 anledning til en væsentlig forbedret varmeudveksling mellem disse medier. Samtidig kan varmekedlen på grund af placeringen af afgangskanalen for forbrændingsgas i området mellem fyrrummene udformes meget kompakt, idet dimensionerne for den afgangsledning, der er nødvendig ved de kendte 20 varmekedler, og ved hjælp af hvilken den forbrændingsgas, der dannes i det øverste fyrrum, kan ledes til afgangskanalen for forbrændingsgas anbragt ved den øverste ende, kan formindskes væsentligt. Denne afgangsledning kan eventuelt helt bortfalde. Med varmekedelen ifølge opfindelsen 25 reduceres varme- og overførelsestabet betydeligt derved, at rumfanget for det nederste fyrrums vandkappe er betydeligt mindre end for det øverste fyrrums vandkappe. Under startfasen opvarmes væggen i det nederste fyrrum hurtigt, hvorved korrosion forhindres. I den fælles vandkappe forekommer 30 der et lagdelingsfænomen, på grund af hvilket det varme vand stiger op i den øverste del af vandkappen, hvorfra det kan udledes. Ved varmekedelen ifølge opfindelsen kan styringen på simpel måde automatiseres på grundlag af vandets udgangstemperatur. Forbrændingen i fyrrummene kan på simpel 35 måde påvirkes uafhængig af hinanden, så at det trods samtidig anvendelse af forskellige brændstoffer er muligt atThis is achieved according to the invention in that the combustion gas outlet duct is disposed between the two boilers and that the combustion gas formed in the upper boiler room flows against the combustion gas duct countercurrent to the water flow in the water jacket. The fact that the combustion gas formed in the upper combustion chamber flows against the outlet channel for combustion gas countercurrent to the water flow in the water jacket gives rise to a significantly improved heat exchange between these media. At the same time, because of the location of the combustion gas exhaust duct in the area between the boilers, the boiler can be designed very compactly, the dimensions of the exhaust pipe required by the known boilers and by means of which the combustion gas formed in the upper boiler room can be directed to the combustion gas outlet duct located at the upper end can be substantially diminished. This discharge line may be completely eliminated. With the heating boiler according to the invention 25, the heat and transfer losses are considerably reduced by the fact that the volume of the lower boiler compartment is considerably smaller than that of the upper boiler compartment. During the initial phase, the wall in the lower boiler room heats up quickly, preventing corrosion. In the common water jacket, there is a stratification phenomenon, due to which the hot water rises in the upper part of the water jacket from which it can be discharged. In the heating boiler according to the invention, the control can be automated in a simple way based on the outlet temperature of the water. The combustion in the boiler rooms can simply be influenced independently of one another, so that despite the simultaneous use of different fuels it is possible to

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3 opnå en optimal forbrænding af et hvilket som helst brændstof. strålings- og overførelsestabet for varmekedlen er minimalt, og varmekedlen er af en konstruktivt simpel og dermed billig udformning og fordrer kun en simpel lednings-5 installation.3 achieve optimum combustion of any fuel. the radiation and transmission loss of the boiler is minimal and the boiler is of a constructively simple and thus inexpensive design and requires only a simple wiring installation.

Opfindelsen bliver i det følgende beskrevet under henvis- ! ning til tegningen på grundlag af et udførelseseksempel.The invention is described below with reference to drawing on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.

Pig. 1 viser en varmekedel i et vertikalt snit og Pig. 2 et snit i varmekedlen på tværs af det i Fig. 1 10 viste.Pig. 1 shows a heating boiler in a vertical section and Pig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the boiler transverse to that of FIG. 1 10.

Inden i en varmekedels 10 hus 11 er et nederste fyrrum 12 og et øverste fyrrum 13 anbragt oven over hinanden. Fyrrummene 12 og 13 har en fælles vandkappe 14. I det nederste fyrrum 12 er anbragt en brænder 15 og i det øverste fyrrum 15 13 en brænder 16. Endvidere findes et nedre overføringsom råde 17 og et øvre overføringsområde 18. I den øverste del af vandkappen 14 er der ført en rørledning 19 ud, gennem hvilken det varme husholdningsvand udledes. En rørledning 20 fører til en ekspansionsbeholder 21. En styreenhed 22, 20 der styrer fyrrummene 12 og 13, omfatter en termostat 23 til styring af brænderen 16 i det øverste fyrrum 13 og en termostat 24 til styring af brænderen 15 i det nederste fyrrum 12. En styreenhed 25, der styrer det vand, som strømmer gennem rørledningen 19 til radiatorer, vil ikke 25 blive nærmere omtalt, da den i sig selv er kendt. Gennem en rørledning 26 strømmer vandet tilbage i en nederste del af varmekedlen 10.Inside a housing 11 of a boiler 10, a lower boiler room 12 and a top boiler room 13 are arranged one above the other. The boilers 12 and 13 have a common water jacket 14. In the lower boiler room 12 is a burner 15 and in the upper boiler room 15 13 a burner 16. Furthermore, a lower transfer area 17 and an upper transfer area 18. In the upper part of the water jacket 14, a pipeline 19 is discharged through which the hot domestic water is discharged. A pipeline 20 leads to an expansion vessel 21. A control unit 22, 20 which controls the boilers 12 and 13 comprises a thermostat 23 for controlling the burner 16 in the upper boiler room 13 and a thermostat 24 for controlling the burner 15 in the lower boiler room 12. A control unit 25 which controls the water flowing through the radiator pipeline 19 will not be discussed further, as it is known per se. Through a conduit 26, the water flows back into a lower part of the boiler 10.

Som det kan ses i Pig.2 findes der for begge fyrrum 12 og 13 en fælles forbrændingsgasafgangskanal 27, der ved en 30 skillevæg 28 deles i to områder. Denne skillevæg 28 kan være en vandkappe; men skillevæggen 28 kan også kun bestå af en ledeplade.As can be seen in Fig. 2, for both boiler rooms 12 and 13 there is a common combustion gas exhaust duct 27 which is divided into two areas by a partition 28 at 30. This partition 28 may be a water jacket; but the partition 28 may also consist only of a baffle.

I varmekedlen 10 strømmer den forbrændingsgas, der dannes i det nederste fyrrum 12, mod afgangskanalen 27 for forbræn-In the boiler 10, the combustion gas formed in the lower boiler room 12 flows against the exhaust duct 27 for combustion.

Claims

1. A boiler with two superimposed and separate boilers having a common water jacket from which water can be supplied at the lower part of the boiler and water can be discharged at the upper part of the boiler, and a common outlet duct for combustion gas, whereby the combustion gas formed in the lower boiler room 30 flows toward the combustion gas duct in the same direction as the water flow in the water jacket, characterized in that the exhaust gas duct (27) is disposed between the two boiler rooms (12,13) and that the combustion gas; formed in the upper boiler room DK 160961 B (13), flows against the combustion gas duct countercurrent to the water flow in the water jacket (14).

Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the power unit 5 in the lower boiler room (12) is less than the water volume per power unit in the upper boiler room (13).

Heating boiler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the volume of the water jacket (14) for the lower boiler room (12) is less than the volume of the water jacket (14) for the upper boiler room (13).

Heating boiler according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the exhaust duct (27) for combustion gas is divided by a partition (28).

Heating boiler according to claim 4, 15, characterized in that the partition (28) is a water jacket or a single baffle.

Heating boiler according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by a control unit (22) for controlling burners (15,16) for the boiler rooms (12,13).

Heating boiler according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that at least two upper boiler rooms (13) are connected in parallel.

Heating boiler according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that at least two lower boiler rooms (12) 25 are connected in parallel.

Heating boiler according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the boilers (12, 13) are adapted to burn various fuels.