DK1576582T3 - Kodning af multiple meddelelser i lyddata og detektere samme - Google Patents

Kodning af multiple meddelelser i lyddata og detektere samme

Info

Publication number
DK1576582T3
DK1576582T3 DK03789890.5T DK03789890T DK1576582T3 DK 1576582 T3 DK1576582 T3 DK 1576582T3 DK 03789890 T DK03789890 T DK 03789890T DK 1576582 T3 DK1576582 T3 DK 1576582T3
Authority
DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
detect
same
audio data
multiple messages
encoding multiple
Prior art date
Application number
DK03789890.5T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James M Jensen
Alan R Neuhauser
Original Assignee
Arbitron Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arbitron Inc filed Critical Arbitron Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK1576582T3 publication Critical patent/DK1576582T3/da

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/018Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04HBROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/28Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information
    • H04H20/30Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information by a single channel
    • H04H20/31Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information by a single channel using in-band signals, e.g. subsonic or cue signal
DK03789890.5T 2002-11-22 2003-11-19 Kodning af multiple meddelelser i lyddata og detektere samme DK1576582T3 (da)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/302,309 US6845360B2 (en) 2002-11-22 2002-11-22 Encoding multiple messages in audio data and detecting same
PCT/US2003/037170 WO2004049117A2 (en) 2002-11-22 2003-11-19 Encoding multiple messages in audio data and detecting same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK1576582T3 true DK1576582T3 (da) 2013-07-01

Family

ID=32324740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK03789890.5T DK1576582T3 (da) 2002-11-22 2003-11-19 Kodning af multiple meddelelser i lyddata og detektere samme

Country Status (20)

Country Link
US (1) US6845360B2 (da)
EP (1) EP1576582B1 (da)
JP (1) JP4431047B2 (da)
KR (1) KR20050083970A (da)
CN (1) CN1739139B (da)
AU (1) AU2003294407C1 (da)
CA (1) CA2506933C (da)
DE (1) DE10393776B4 (da)
DK (1) DK1576582T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2415659T3 (da)
GB (1) GB2410875B (da)
HK (1) HK1088979A1 (da)
MX (1) MXPA05005327A (da)
NO (1) NO333794B1 (da)
NZ (1) NZ540002A (da)
PL (1) PL376842A1 (da)
PT (1) PT1576582E (da)
TW (1) TWI242934B (da)
WO (1) WO2004049117A2 (da)
ZA (1) ZA200503987B (da)

Families Citing this family (90)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5748763A (en) * 1993-11-18 1998-05-05 Digimarc Corporation Image steganography system featuring perceptually adaptive and globally scalable signal embedding
US6944298B1 (en) 1993-11-18 2005-09-13 Digimare Corporation Steganographic encoding and decoding of auxiliary codes in media signals
US6614914B1 (en) 1995-05-08 2003-09-02 Digimarc Corporation Watermark embedder and reader
US6381341B1 (en) * 1996-05-16 2002-04-30 Digimarc Corporation Watermark encoding method exploiting biases inherent in original signal
US6871180B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2005-03-22 Arbitron Inc. Decoding of information in audio signals
US6674876B1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2004-01-06 Digimarc Corporation Watermarking in the time-frequency domain
EP1464172B1 (en) 2001-12-24 2013-04-24 Intrasonics S.A.R.L. Captioning system
US7460827B2 (en) * 2002-07-26 2008-12-02 Arbitron, Inc. Radio frequency proximity detection and identification system and method
US9711153B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2017-07-18 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Activating functions in processing devices using encoded audio and detecting audio signatures
US8959016B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2015-02-17 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Activating functions in processing devices using start codes embedded in audio
US7174151B2 (en) * 2002-12-23 2007-02-06 Arbitron Inc. Ensuring EAS performance in audio signal encoding
US7962931B2 (en) * 2002-12-23 2011-06-14 Coupons.Com Incorporated Method and system for integrating television brand advertising with promotional marketing
US7460684B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2008-12-02 Nielsen Media Research, Inc. Method and apparatus for embedding watermarks
WO2005006768A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-20 Nielsen Media Research, Inc Signature-based program identification apparatus and methods for use with digital broadcast systems
US8229469B2 (en) 2004-03-15 2012-07-24 Arbitron Inc. Methods and systems for mapping locations of wireless transmitters for use in gathering market research data
US7420464B2 (en) 2004-03-15 2008-09-02 Arbitron, Inc. Methods and systems for gathering market research data inside and outside commercial establishments
US20050203798A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2005-09-15 Jensen James M. Methods and systems for gathering market research data
US7463143B2 (en) * 2004-03-15 2008-12-09 Arbioran Methods and systems for gathering market research data within commercial establishments
EP1776688B1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2013-05-08 Arbitron Inc. Gathering data concerning publication usage
US8738763B2 (en) 2004-03-26 2014-05-27 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Research data gathering with a portable monitor and a stationary device
US7483975B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2009-01-27 Arbitron, Inc. Systems and methods for gathering data concerning usage of media data
US8135606B2 (en) * 2004-04-15 2012-03-13 Arbitron, Inc. Gathering data concerning publication usage and exposure to products and/or presence in commercial establishment
CN102592638A (zh) * 2004-07-02 2012-07-18 尼尔逊媒介研究股份有限公司 用于进行压缩数字位流的混合的方法及装置
ATE478485T1 (de) 2005-10-21 2010-09-15 Nielsen Media Res Inc Audiometer in einem tragbaren mp3 media-player headset.
WO2007073484A2 (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-28 Arbitron Inc. Methods and systems for conducting research operations
US20070149114A1 (en) * 2005-12-28 2007-06-28 Andrey Danilenko Capture, storage and retrieval of broadcast information while on-the-go
CN101390158B (zh) * 2006-02-24 2012-03-14 法国电信公司 量化索引的编码方法、解码信号包络方法、编解码模块
KR20160079150A (ko) 2006-03-27 2016-07-05 닐슨 미디어 리서치 인코퍼레이티드 무선통신장치에 표현되는 미디어 컨텐츠의 미터링 방법 및 시스템
US20080091762A1 (en) 2006-07-12 2008-04-17 Neuhauser Alan R Methods and systems for compliance confirmation and incentives
EP2958106B1 (en) 2006-10-11 2018-07-18 The Nielsen Company (US), LLC Methods and apparatus for embedding codes in compressed audio data streams
US8462645B1 (en) 2006-11-13 2013-06-11 Joseph Harb Interactive advertising system, business methods and software
US8391155B2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2013-03-05 Joseph Harb Digital content download associated with corresponding radio broadcast items
US8296195B2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2012-10-23 Joseph Harb Broadcast programming data capture
US8718538B2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2014-05-06 Joseph Harb Real-time remote purchase-list capture system
US8310985B2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2012-11-13 Joseph Harb Interactive radio advertising and social networking
US9824693B2 (en) * 2007-01-25 2017-11-21 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Research data gathering
EP2212775A4 (en) 2007-10-06 2012-01-04 Fitzgerald Joan G COLLECTION OF RESEARCH DATA
EP2210252B1 (en) 2007-11-12 2017-05-24 The Nielsen Company (US), LLC Methods and apparatus to perform audio watermarking and watermark detection and extraction
CA2710854A1 (en) 2007-12-31 2009-07-16 Arbitron, Inc. Survey data acquisition
US8930003B2 (en) 2007-12-31 2015-01-06 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Data capture bridge
US8457951B2 (en) 2008-01-29 2013-06-04 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Methods and apparatus for performing variable black length watermarking of media
GB2460306B (en) 2008-05-29 2013-02-13 Intrasonics Sarl Data embedding system
US9667365B2 (en) 2008-10-24 2017-05-30 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Methods and apparatus to perform audio watermarking and watermark detection and extraction
US8359205B2 (en) 2008-10-24 2013-01-22 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Methods and apparatus to perform audio watermarking and watermark detection and extraction
MX2011004378A (es) * 2008-10-28 2011-06-21 Airbiquity Inc Compra de una pieza musical que se reproduce en una radio vehicular.
US20100205628A1 (en) 2009-02-12 2010-08-12 Davis Bruce L Media processing methods and arrangements
US8918333B2 (en) 2009-02-23 2014-12-23 Joseph Harb Method, system and apparatus for interactive radio advertising
US9160988B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2015-10-13 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc System and method for payload encoding and decoding
US10008212B2 (en) * 2009-04-17 2018-06-26 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc System and method for utilizing audio encoding for measuring media exposure with environmental masking
US20100268540A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Taymoor Arshi System and method for utilizing audio beaconing in audience measurement
US20100268573A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Anand Jain System and method for utilizing supplemental audio beaconing in audience measurement
US8121618B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2012-02-21 Digimarc Corporation Intuitive computing methods and systems
US8175617B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2012-05-08 Digimarc Corporation Sensor-based mobile search, related methods and systems
US8548810B2 (en) 2009-11-04 2013-10-01 Digimarc Corporation Orchestrated encoding and decoding multimedia content having plural digital watermarks
US20130232198A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2013-09-05 Arbitron Inc. System and Method for Peer-to-Peer Distribution of Media Exposure Data
US20110153391A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-23 Michael Tenbrock Peer-to-peer privacy panel for audience measurement
US8768713B2 (en) * 2010-03-15 2014-07-01 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Set-top-box with integrated encoder/decoder for audience measurement
US8355910B2 (en) * 2010-03-30 2013-01-15 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Methods and apparatus for audio watermarking a substantially silent media content presentation
US8498627B2 (en) 2011-09-15 2013-07-30 Digimarc Corporation Intuitive computing methods and systems
US8977194B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2015-03-10 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Media exposure and verification utilizing inductive coupling
US8538333B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2013-09-17 Arbitron Inc. Media exposure linking utilizing bluetooth signal characteristics
GB201206564D0 (en) * 2012-04-13 2012-05-30 Intrasonics Sarl Event engine synchronisation
US9812137B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2017-11-07 Paypal, Inc. Data communication using audio patterns systems and methods
US20140114456A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-24 Arbitron Inc. Methods and Systems for Clock Correction and/or Synchronization for Audio Media Measurement Systems
US9317872B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2016-04-19 Muzak Llc Encoding and decoding an audio watermark using key sequences comprising of more than two frequency components
US9311640B2 (en) 2014-02-11 2016-04-12 Digimarc Corporation Methods and arrangements for smartphone payments and transactions
US9325381B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-04-26 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to monitor mobile devices
US9711152B2 (en) * 2013-07-31 2017-07-18 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Systems apparatus and methods for encoding/decoding persistent universal media codes to encoded audio
US20150039321A1 (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-02-05 Arbitron Inc. Apparatus, System and Method for Reading Codes From Digital Audio on a Processing Device
US10438581B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2019-10-08 Google Llc Speech recognition using neural networks
TWI496138B (zh) * 2013-09-03 2015-08-11 Helios Semiconductor Inc 用於編解碼高頻聲音信號之技術和系統
JPWO2015053110A1 (ja) * 2013-10-10 2017-03-09 ソニー株式会社 受信装置、受信方法、並びにプログラム
US9824694B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2017-11-21 Tls Corp. Data carriage in encoded and pre-encoded audio bitstreams
US8768005B1 (en) 2013-12-05 2014-07-01 The Telos Alliance Extracting a watermark signal from an output signal of a watermarking encoder
US8768714B1 (en) 2013-12-05 2014-07-01 The Telos Alliance Monitoring detectability of a watermark message
US8768710B1 (en) 2013-12-05 2014-07-01 The Telos Alliance Enhancing a watermark signal extracted from an output signal of a watermarking encoder
US8918326B1 (en) 2013-12-05 2014-12-23 The Telos Alliance Feedback and simulation regarding detectability of a watermark message
US9426525B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2016-08-23 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc. Methods and apparatus to count people in an audience
EP2905775A1 (en) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-12 Thomson Licensing Method and Apparatus for watermarking successive sections of an audio signal
FR3017484A1 (fr) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-14 Orange Extension amelioree de bande de frequence dans un decodeur de signaux audiofrequences
US9661402B2 (en) 2014-07-15 2017-05-23 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Embedding information in generated acoustic signals
US9130685B1 (en) 2015-04-14 2015-09-08 Tls Corp. Optimizing parameters in deployed systems operating in delayed feedback real world environments
US9454343B1 (en) 2015-07-20 2016-09-27 Tls Corp. Creating spectral wells for inserting watermarks in audio signals
US10115404B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2018-10-30 Tls Corp. Redundancy in watermarking audio signals that have speech-like properties
US9626977B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2017-04-18 Tls Corp. Inserting watermarks into audio signals that have speech-like properties
US10692068B2 (en) * 2015-08-19 2020-06-23 Soundpays Inc. System and method for audio signal mediated interactions
US10102602B2 (en) 2015-11-24 2018-10-16 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Detecting watermark modifications
JP7011308B2 (ja) * 2018-02-20 2022-01-26 株式会社オーディオテクニカ 音信号送信装置、音信号受信装置、及び音信号伝送システム
FR3078597B1 (fr) 2018-03-05 2020-02-07 Continental Automotive France Procede de controle de l'emission d'un message sonore de securite dans un vehicule
US10818303B2 (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-10-27 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Multiple scrambled layers for audio watermarking

Family Cites Families (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3703143A1 (de) 1987-02-03 1988-08-11 Thomson Brandt Gmbh Verfahren zur uebertragung eines audiosignals
US4777529A (en) * 1987-07-21 1988-10-11 R. M. Schultz & Associates, Inc. Auditory subliminal programming system
FR2681997A1 (fr) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-02 Arbitron Cy Procede et dispositif d'identification automatique d'un programme comportant un signal sonore.
US5319735A (en) 1991-12-17 1994-06-07 Bolt Beranek And Newman Inc. Embedded signalling
NZ259776A (en) 1992-11-16 1997-06-24 Ceridian Corp Identifying recorded or broadcast audio signals by mixing with encoded signal derived from code signal modulated by narrower bandwidth identification signal
CA2106143C (en) 1992-11-25 2004-02-24 William L. Thomas Universal broadcast code and multi-level encoded signal monitoring system
US5379345A (en) 1993-01-29 1995-01-03 Radio Audit Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for the processing of encoded data in conjunction with an audio broadcast
US5649284A (en) * 1993-12-17 1997-07-15 Sony Corporation Multiplex broadcasting system
HU0004766D0 (da) * 1994-03-31 2001-02-28 Arbitron Co
US5450490A (en) 1994-03-31 1995-09-12 The Arbitron Company Apparatus and methods for including codes in audio signals and decoding
WO1995032499A1 (fr) 1994-05-25 1995-11-30 Sony Corporation Procede de codage, procede de decodage, procede de codage-decodage, codeur, decodeur et codeur-decodeur
US5581576A (en) * 1995-01-12 1996-12-03 International Business Machines Corp. Radio information broadcasting and receiving system
US5737026A (en) 1995-02-28 1998-04-07 Nielsen Media Research, Inc. Video and data co-channel communication system
US5768680A (en) 1995-05-05 1998-06-16 Thomas; C. David Media monitor
US6154484A (en) 1995-09-06 2000-11-28 Solana Technology Development Corporation Method and apparatus for embedding auxiliary data in a primary data signal using frequency and time domain processing
US5687191A (en) 1995-12-06 1997-11-11 Solana Technology Development Corporation Post-compression hidden data transport
US6584138B1 (en) * 1996-03-07 2003-06-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Coding process for inserting an inaudible data signal into an audio signal, decoding process, coder and decoder
US5828325A (en) 1996-04-03 1998-10-27 Aris Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding information in analog signals
US5848391A (en) 1996-07-11 1998-12-08 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method subband of coding and decoding audio signals using variable length windows
US7607147B1 (en) 1996-12-11 2009-10-20 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Interactive service device metering systems
US5940135A (en) 1997-05-19 1999-08-17 Aris Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding information in analog signals
DE19730130C2 (de) * 1997-07-14 2002-02-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zum Codieren eines Audiosignals
US5945932A (en) 1997-10-30 1999-08-31 Audiotrack Corporation Technique for embedding a code in an audio signal and for detecting the embedded code
DE69838956T2 (de) 1998-05-12 2009-04-09 Nielsen Media Research, Inc. Vorrichtung für die Erfassung der Einschaltquoten für das digitale Fernsehen
US6272176B1 (en) 1998-07-16 2001-08-07 Nielsen Media Research, Inc. Broadcast encoding system and method
GB2342548B (en) * 1998-10-02 2003-05-07 Central Research Lab Ltd Apparatus for,and method of,encoding a signal
US6871180B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2005-03-22 Arbitron Inc. Decoding of information in audio signals
US6862355B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2005-03-01 Arbitron Inc. Message reconstruction from partial detection
JP5970758B2 (ja) 2011-08-10 2016-08-17 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気光学装置、電気光学装置の駆動方法および電子機器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2410875B (en) 2007-05-30
EP1576582A2 (en) 2005-09-21
TWI242934B (en) 2005-11-01
PL376842A1 (pl) 2006-01-09
GB0510383D0 (en) 2005-06-29
CN1739139A (zh) 2006-02-22
NO333794B1 (no) 2013-09-16
NO20053044L (no) 2005-06-21
US20040102961A1 (en) 2004-05-27
JP4431047B2 (ja) 2010-03-10
WO2004049117A3 (en) 2004-12-29
WO2004049117A2 (en) 2004-06-10
KR20050083970A (ko) 2005-08-26
AU2003294407A1 (en) 2004-06-18
JP2006507536A (ja) 2006-03-02
HK1088979A1 (en) 2006-11-17
AU2003294407C1 (en) 2008-12-11
US6845360B2 (en) 2005-01-18
CA2506933C (en) 2010-03-16
ES2415659T3 (es) 2013-07-26
CN1739139B (zh) 2011-05-04
DE10393776T5 (de) 2006-03-16
NO20053044D0 (no) 2005-06-21
MXPA05005327A (es) 2005-08-16
NZ540002A (en) 2006-11-30
AU2003294407B2 (en) 2008-07-17
DE10393776B4 (de) 2019-12-19
PT1576582E (pt) 2013-08-05
EP1576582A4 (en) 2006-02-08
GB2410875A (en) 2005-08-10
ZA200503987B (en) 2006-08-30
TW200417159A (en) 2004-09-01
EP1576582B1 (en) 2013-06-12
CA2506933A1 (en) 2004-06-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DK1576582T3 (da) Kodning af multiple meddelelser i lyddata og detektere samme
EP1661380A4 (en) DATA MESSAGE MIRRORS AND DISPLACEMENT
DE60324067D1 (de) Informationsverarbeitungsgerät und -vorrichtung
DE60130665D1 (de) Audiodatenverarbeitung
FI20020128A0 (fi) Otossiirtymõn koodaaminen videokoodauksessa
DE10295372T1 (de) Einbetten von digitalen Signaturen in digitale Nutzdaten
FI20011871A0 (fi) Multimediadatan prosessointi
NO20052111D0 (no) Helelektrisk LNG-system og fremgangsmate.
NO20033296D0 (no) Baerer med fastoffibrinogen og fastofftrombin
AU2003218071A8 (en) Systems and methods employing changeable touch-key
DK3246399T3 (da) Alfavirus-partikler og fremgangsmåder til fremstilling
HK1093626A1 (en) Data routing systems and methods
NO20055568D0 (no) Substituerte 1,4-diazepiner og anvendelser derav
ATE334547T1 (de) Datenstrombasiertes selektives reverse tunneling in wlan - zellularsystemen
NO20030452D0 (no) Informasjon over fremgangsmåte, server, program og lagringsmedium
DE60238980D1 (de) Verbesserungen in Funkortungsystemen
NO20032888D0 (no) Systemer og fremgangsmåte for sikring av videokortutgang
DE60330269D1 (de) Piperazinyl- und diazapanylbenzamide und-benzothioamide
IS7783A (is) Flóð og fjöru-ker
NO20040838L (no) Signaloverforing i et projeksjonssystem, og slikt projeksjonssystem.
ITVA20020050A1 (it) Metodo e circuito di amplificazione con pre-enfasi.
DK1654353T3 (da) Tumorcellelinjerne nm-f9 (dsm acc2606) og nm-d4 (dsm acc2605) samt anvendelser deraf
EP1564724A4 (en) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MUSIC INFORMATION CODING AND MUSIC INFORMATION DECODING
DE60239159D1 (de) Taktregelung in daten-empfängern und -sendern
EP1639492A4 (en) DISCOVERY AND FUSION OF NETWORK DATA