DK157329B - PROCEDURE FOR PROMOTING PLANT GROWTH - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A process for regulating the growth of plants, with the exception of cotton plants and cereals, wherein the plants are treated with an N,N-dimethylpiperidinium salt in an amount of less than 500 g of active ingredient per hectare.

Description

j DK 157329B

The invention relates to a method for promoting the washing of plants with the exception of cotton plants and cereals, which method is characterized by def in the characterizing part of claim 1.

5 It is known to use Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium salts in amounts between 0.5 and 8.0 kg / ha to reduce the length growth of plants (DE Publication No. 22 07 575).

It is also known to use Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium salts in an amount of 5 to 24.5 g of active ingredient per hectare for the treatment of cotton plants for the purpose of reducing the length growth (DE publication no. 28 15 345).

DE Publication No. 27 55 940 discloses means for regulating plant growth, e.g. a mixture of Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium chloride and 2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid. With this blend, the longitudinal growth of grain is reduced, i.e. the cereal plants do not get as tall as normal. The examples are a comparison between the effect of the individual substances and the effect of the mixture.

Eg. with regard to Example 3, the use for oats of 460 g of 20 piperidinium compound (DPC) per ha, 221 g of phosphonic acid compound (CEPA) per ha and of the mixture 460 g and DPC + 221 g of CEPA per ha. In each case, longitudinal growth is impaired, which is the opposite effect of the effect resulting from the invention.

DE Publication No. 27 04 962 discloses means for influencing plant growth, e.g. a mixture of Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium chloride and a substituted carboxylate of 3-phenoxybenzyl. This blend reduces the length growth of cotton or grain. The mixtures are used in amounts between 50 and 500 g per ha. Here, too, there is a deterioration of the longitudinal growth, which is the opposite effect of the effect which arises according to the invention.

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It is known that a positive effect can be observed in experiments with tomatoes and potatoes, and that a fluctuating effect can be observed in cereals, grasses, rapeseed, soybeans and sugarcane, whereby the dosage of the order of 50 g / ha. In addition, it is known that N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride, at applied amounts of 25 to 100 g of active ingredient per ha for cotton, has a good effect (whereby the characters "positive", "oscillating" and "good" are used in the similar meanings in the PIX 10 Plant Growth Reduction Brochure from BASF Wyandotte Corporation, USA, from May 1978; all grades relate to the plant growth reducing activity).

It has now been found that in treating plants with the exception of cotton plants and cereals with a 15 Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium salt in an amount of less than 500 g of active substance per ha, no significant reduction in length growth occurs, but an effect which preferably promotes plant growth. The N, N-dimethylpiperidinium salts can in this case be accounted for by the group of bioregulators that intervene qualitatively and quantitatively in the biological development processes. While with the known methods, a reduction in longitudinal growth relative to normal growth is produced, i.e. If the growth is slowed down, the method according to the invention results in an amplification of the growth, i.e. growth height, leaf area and leaf weight increase. This manifests itself in an increase in the mass of the cough, fruits and plants. Thus, according to the invention, no specific effect is obtained in addition to what is obtained using prior art, but according to the invention there is an effect opposite to that produced using prior art.

For example, the following effects are observed: increase in the production of solids in vegetative 35 and in generative plant parts; 3

DK 157329 B

- changing the weight ratio vegetative: generative body mass in favor of the generative body mass; increasing the assimilation surface; increased production of vegetable ingredients, e.g. starches, readable amino acids, terpenoids, essential oils, latex, alkaloids; - reducing the content of undesirable ingredients eg. Aflatoxin, Gossypol, Limonin; - altering the ionic concentration in the plant tissue and thereby resistance to environmental effects; formation of fruitless fruit without fertilization; enhancing pigment formation; improvement of the inner and outer fruit quality; shortening the development cycle, accelerating the 15 horse maturity unit.

Salts are e.g. salts of hydrochloric acids, e.g. the chloride, or salts of sulfuric acid, acetic acid or phosphoric acid. The chloride is preferred.

The salts in question can also be used with plant protection agents, i.e. along with herbicides, insecticides, synergists, antidotes, other growth regulators, but especially fungicides. Advantageously as regards exercise is also its use. of the salts along with herbicides, especially the admixture of urine substances.

The activity of the salts derives from the cation, so that the choice of the anion is arbitrary. However, anions of phytotoxic acids should not be used. Suitable acids are e.g. hydrochloric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, carbonic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, sulfuric acid monomethyl or ethyl ester, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, acrylic acid, maleic, succinic, adipic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acid, p-toluene acid, p-toluene acid dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. The salts of acidic acid are preferred.

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The salts can be used in one portion or divided into several sub-portions (i.e. at different times).

The salts can be used as solutions, dispersions, emulsions, suspensions, granules, foams or powders. The forms of application are entirely aligned with the application purposes; the ska-1 in each case ensures a fine distribution of the active substance.

For the preparation of directly spreadable solutions, solutions in water are considered. However, as spray liquids, dispersions can also be used in hydrocarbons having boiling points above 150 ° C and having one or more functional groups, e.g. the keto group, ether group, ester group or amide group, whereby this group may be substituent in a hydrocarbon chain or be a component of a heterocyclic ring.

Aqueous application forms can also be prepared as emulsion concentrates, pastes or wettable powders (spray powders) by the addition of water. For the preparation of emulsions, the substances as such or the substances dissolved in a solvent can be homogenized in water or organic solvents by wetting or dispersing agents, e.g. polyethylene oxide. It is also possible to prepare concentrates consisting of active substance, emulsifying or dispersing agents and optionally solvents, which are suitable for dilution in water.

Powdering agents can be prepared by mixing or co-grinding the active substances with a solid carrier, e.g. diatomaceous earth, talc, or fertilizer. In the granules, mixtures with goats are preferred.

in

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Particularly good activity is observed e.g. in the case of tuber fruits, fruit orchards, seed fruits, legumes, leaf nuts, oil plants, cucumber family plants and citrus fruits.

Preferably amounts between 1 and 450 g / ha are used, especially 10 to 200 g / ha.

Examples illustrating the biological activity can be given the following results from free-country experiments. These experiments were performed at parcel-10 sizes of 25 to 50 m and were repeated 4 times. All treatments of the plants are carried out by spraying an aqueous solution of the active substance on the green plant parts.

I. Celeriac, e.g. potatoes, soda potatoes.

EXAMPLES 1-4 In the forests with 4 different potato varieties 25 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium-chloride / ha 80 days after planting were applied to the leaves at the beginning of tuber formation. The results show that the treatment line led to a predilection of the assimilation surface, an increase in the solids production of leaf, stem, and tuber mass and finally to an increase in tuber yield. An increase in starch and biomass production can be deduced from this.

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DK 157329B

EXAMPLE 1

Treatment: 80 days after planting (beginning tuber formation)

Solarium tuberosum var. Mariva g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha ___________0 · 25 Height of growth cm 73 »0 83» 0

Leaf surface dm2 3.8 4.8

Leaf weight TM g 27.2 28.6

Stem weight TM g 42.8 45.4

Keep / plant pcs. 17.0 21.0

Tubers / plant TM g 132.7 142.1 TM = tare Weight Pcs. = Example EXAMPLE 2

Treatment: 80 days after planting in 1978 (beginning tuber formation)

Solanum tuberosum, var. Revolucion g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha ___0_25 Growth height cm 51.0 67.0

Leaf surface dm2 7.4 16.4

Leaf weight TM g 41.3 63.4

Stem weight TM g 31.2 53.9

Tubers / Plant 15.0 23.0

Tubers / Plant TM g 85.1 176.5

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EXAMPLE?

Treatment: 80 days after planting in 1978 (beginning tuber formation)

Solarium tuberosum, var. Mi Peru g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha _0_25 Growth height cm 65.0 60.0

Leaf surface dm2 6.2 14.8

Leaf weight TM g 35.8 65.3 10 Stalk weight TM g 41.3 '54.1

Tubers / plant pcs. 17.0 32.0

Tubers / Plant TM g 69.2 129.7 Example 4

Treatment: 80 days after planting in 1978 (onset of tuber) 15 Solanum tuberosum, var. Ticahuasi g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha __0_25 Growth height cm 62.0 57.0 20 Leaf surface dm2 11.8 12.1

Leaf weight TM g 58.6 67.4

Stem weight TM g 52.5 61.1

Tubers / Plant TM g 103.7 144.5 Example 5

A further experiment with potatoes shows that the use of 74 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha increases tuber yield per plant and thus per unit area.

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Planting 09.03.1979

Treatment 01.05.1979 (first flowers visible) Autumn 11.06.1979

Solanum tuberosum, var. "Lasotared" 5 g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha __0_74

Tubers / plant pcs. 23.9 35.2

Yield 267.7 294.8 EXAMPLE 6 10 Treating sweet potatoes with e.g. 448 g of N, N-dime-thylpiperidinium chloride / ha at the beginning of tuber formation, the proportion of qualitatively high-grade tubers as well as the total yield is clearly reduced.

Treatment: Beginning of tuber formation 15 Ipomoea batata, var. Georgia-Red g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha 0 28 56 112 224 448

Tubers, l.quality kg / plant 0.74 0.92 0.95 0.92 0, Ô8 0.98 20% 100 124 128 124 118 132

Tubers, total kg / plant 1.40 1.89 2.12 1.86 1.60 1.68% 100 135 151 133 114 120 v II. Fruit vegetables, e.g. Tomatoes: Example 7

Tomatoes were treated with 112 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha, 25 to 30 cm in size and in full bloom. Yield of marketable tomatoes (market product) became

9 DK 157329B

foraget. In addition, the quality of the fruit could be improved ♦ The better quality was shown by an increased cuttings thickness and an improved pigmentation.

Planting 07.02.78 5 Treatment 23.03.78 (25-30 cm growth height, 60% flowers)

Almost 10.05.78

Lycospersicon esculentum var. Flora-date g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha 10

Yield of market product two / ha 31.2 33.8

Body wall piece see mm 5.95 6.27

Fruit color 0-5 + 4.8 4.9

Cad color 0-5 + 2.7 2.9 +0 = spruce 5 = row EXAMPLE 8

Treatment of tomatoes with 112 - 448 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha at a growth height of 60 '- 90 cm at the beginning of flowering led to a distinct yielding.

Planting 02.06.78

Treatment 21.08.78 (60-90 cm growth height, beginning of flowering)

Almost 02.10.78 Lycospersicon esculentum, var.C-28 g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _ 0 112 224 448

Rash of ripe fruits two / ha 7.8 17.6 14.1 12.6 Example 9

DK 157329 B

Use of 24 - 182 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha in connection with tomatoes at a height of 50 - 65 cm at the beginning of flowering also led to an increase in fruit production. At unaffected growth height, one can assume an improvement in the ratio of vegetative plant mass (eg leaves) to generative plant mass (tomatoes.

Planting 28.08.78

Treatment 26.10.78 (about 50-65 cm growth height, 10% 10 flowers)

Horse 08.12.78

Lycospersicon esculentum, var. Flora-date g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha 15 ______ 0 24 48 192 Growth height cm 81.8 82.4 78.0 80.8

Yield of green fruits two / ha 23.8 26.6 26.2 26.7

Yield of market product two / ha 26.2 27.7 29.3 29.1 Example 10

Tomatoes were treated at a growth height of 50 - 65 cm at the beginning of flowering with 112-448 g / ha or with double treatment of twice 112 g / ha of N, N-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride. Particularly in the treatments with 112 or 112 + 112 g of active substance / ha, a previous maturation and an increase in yield were found. The single fruit weight 25 was also increased.

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Planting 25.05.78

Treatment 06.07.78 (approx. 50-65 cm growth height, 10% flowers) Autumn 28.08.78 + 20.09.78 5 Lycopersicon esculentum, var. C-57 g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _ 0 112 224 448 112 + 112

Yield of ripe fruits r Q 00 », 00 η ,, n 10 1. quality two / ha 23'6 5 ° '8 22'4 29'α 34'9

Yield of mote fruit 60.8 69.6 61.2 63.1 75.1 100 fruit weight kg 7.9 8.5 8.0 8.1 8.6 100 fruit weight = weight of 100 tomatoes.

EXAMPLE 11 15 Treatments with 112 - 224 g / ha or twice 224 g / ha of Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium at a growth rate of 30 - 40 cm for full flowering or for the end of flowering period. tomatoes for a previous harvest and for a yield increase.

Planting 02.05.78

Treatment 06.07.78 (approx. 30-40 cm growth height, 65% flowers) 21.07.78 (end of flowering)

Host 01 + 15-09.78

Lycospersicon esculentum, was C-37

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12 g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _ 0 112 224 224 + 224

Yield of ripe fruits 5 1. cough two / ha 28.6 29.9 31.5 34.1

Yield of ripe fruits 2. cough two / ha 31.7 33.4 33.4 32.3 10 Yield of ripe fruits total two / ha 60.3 63.3 64.9 66.4 EXAMPLE 12

Tomatoes were treated during full flowering with 56 - 896 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha. The amounts of 56 and 112 g of active substance / ha used again increased for increased yields. The large amount of 896 g of active substance / ha used produced a reduction in yield.

Planting 25.05.78

Treatment 19.07.78 (60% flowers)

Host 27.10.78 20 Lycospersicon esculentum, var. C-38 g Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha __0 56 112 224 896

Simple weight. g 212 225 214 197 197 25 Yield of market product two / ha 35.9 36.3 38.3 35.2 34.1

Total yield (market product + green fruit) two / ha 40.6 42.0 43.7 40.9 39.5 EXAMPLE 13 v 75 g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha, used during full flowering, to increase yields for tomatoes.

Planting 09.05.79

Treatment 25.05.79 (full flowering)

Host 02.07.-27. ^ 8.79

Lycopersicon esculentum, var. "Sonato"

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g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _O_75_

Yield t / ha 83.0 85.2 EXAMPLE 14 If tomatoes are treated from the beginning to full flowering with amounts of 25 - 100 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha, yield replacements are also observed in this case. The fact that an influence on flower formation cannot be observed suggests an increased fertilization effect.

Planting 04.04.79

Treatment 19.04 - 16.05.79 (first flower visible or full bloom)

Counting 15 flowers 20.04 - 27.08.79

Horse 27.08.79

Lycospersicon esculentum, var. "Houryu" g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha 20 _0 23 + 25 50 + 50 75 + 75 100 + 100

Yield t / ha 65.2 73.4 78.0 77.2 68.6

Flowers number / plant 48.5 49.5 48.5 44.5 45.5 III. Seeds and legumes, e.g. Examples Example 15

Horse legs were treated with 70 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / hp at the time of branching. A pretense of the stem and flower mass is observed. It is also possible to see a decay of the plant's production of ter- minals. The production of fruits was also increased.

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An increase in protein yield per unit area can be assumed. Seeding 21.04.79

Processing 17.05.79 (in the middle of the branch)

Rating 06.06.79 5 Vicia faba, var. 96 Broad improved long pod N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha _0_70_

Stem number / plants 4.2 5.3 10 Flower »» 7.4 11.2 Weight / plant g TM 201.0 216.4

Yield of fruit g / plant 67.4 75.7 Weight / fruit g 11.0 10.7 15 (pods) Example 16

Beans were treated at the beginning of flowering with 112 g of Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha. In contrast to the high amounts used on e.g. 896 g / ha, even before 12f, with 112 g of active substance / ha, 20 both the fruit crop and the total yield could be increased.

Seeding 24.07.78

Treatment 15.09.78 (beginning flowering) Autumn 08.11.78

Phaseolus limensis, var. Kingston Bush 25 Baby lima beans g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha _; _ 0_112_ Bellows / plant number 15.3 18.0

Yield beans / plant g 10.5 12.4 Example 17

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White beans treated at the end of the flowering ring also respond best to the treatment with 112 g of dim-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / high Sied one. for improved 'fruit yield' and a total yield ..

5 Seeding 15.06.78

Treatment 05.08.78 (approx. 35 cm growth height, 50% pods, 10% flowers) Autumn 11.10.78

Phaseolus, var. SW 59 10 Small white beans g N, N-dimethylpiperidium chloride / ha __ 0 112 560 Legume / plant number 13.0 14.8 8.3 15 Yield benner kg / ha 1928 2093 1745 IV. Leaf blade, e.g. salad, calabash EXAMPLE 18

Main lettuce responds to a 6 - 8 leaf stage treatment with 25 - 100 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha with increased biomass production.

20 Planting 26.06.1979

Treatment 04.07.1979

Hest 09.08.1979

Lactuca sativa, var. , fCorelli, f g Ν, Ν-Dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _0 25 75 100 Weight / head g 316 344 340 344

Yield dt / ha 421 458 454 458 EXAMPLE 19

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Kalrabi, which is in the 8-10 leaf stage, treated with 25-75 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha produced a greater proportion of healthy tubers and an improved yield.

5 Planting 24.08.79

Treatment 04.09.79 (8-10 leaf stage) Autumn + assessment 04.10.79

Brassica oleracea gongylodes, var. Tero g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _0 75 75

Healthy kohlrabi% 70.0 76.0 72.0

Sick kohlrabi% 30.0 24.0 28.0 Harvest of kohlrabi dt / ha 529.3 553.8 550.6 15 Y. Oil plants, e.g. so. Example 20

Soy, treated in the 4-leaf stage with 112-448 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha, or treated in the 4-leaf stage and in the 10-leaf stage with 112 g of N, N-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride / ha, reacted at to show a better 20 fruit rate in connection with improved yields.

Seeding 29.05.78

Treatment 09.07.78 (approx. 16 cm growth height, 4-leaf stage) 24.07.78 (approx. 36 cm growth height, 10-leaf stage, flowering) Autumn 19.10.78

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g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _0 112 448 112 + 112 Harvest of bones, kg / ha 3053 3344 3664 3475 5 VI. Plants of the cucumber family, e.g. melons EXAMPLE 21

Watermelons were treated at the beginning of flowering with 25 g of N, N-diraethylpiperidinium chloride / ha or at the beginning of full flowering with 12.5 g of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha. On the basis of the increased fruit season, one can join a gender differentiation. As a result, large increased yields appear.

Planting 28.05.79

Treatment 26.06.79 (beginning of flowering / full flowering) 15 Host 08.08.79

Citrullus lanatus, var. "Clondyke" g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _0 25 12.5 + 12.5 20 Fruit number / plant 6.0 10.0 9.0 fruit weight kg / pcs. 1.28 1.13 1.20

Yield t / ha 47.9 70.9 74.8 EXAMPLE 22

If watermelons are first treated during the flowering period, the influence on the consensus differentiation is diminished.

The treatment with 12.5 to twice 50 g of iN, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha was carried out via a sample of single fruit weight for increased yields.

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Planting 18.04.79

Treatment 01.06.79 (20-25% flowers) 08.06.79 (60-70% flowers) Autumn 10. - 17.07.79 5 Citrullus lanatus, var. "Sugarbaby" g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride / ha _0 12.5 50 50 + 50

Fruits, 1st autumn quantity / 100 m 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.2 10 Fruit weight kg / pcs. 2.36 2.40 2.64 2.74

Yield kg / ha 1890 1920 2110 2260

Fruits 1-2 autumn number / 100 10.0 9.7 9.8 10.2

Fruit weight kg / pcs. 2.36 2.65 2.66 2.64

Yield 2359 2573 2610 2690 EXAMPLE 23 Also at Cantaloupes, a treatment at the beginning of flowering with 50 to twice 50 g of N, N-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride / ha produces an accelerated harvest and an increased yield.

Planting 11.05.78 20 Treatment 30.06.78 (approx. 60 cm creeping length, first flowering) 13.07.78 (14 days later, full flowering) Autumn 02.08.78 14.08.78

19 DK 157329B

Cucumis melo „„,. ., _.

g N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride.id/ha ________Q_50 50 + 50 Growth height cm 48.7 49 »2 51> 7 5 Yield of ripe fruits 1. cough t / ha 22.3 23.0 33.0

Yield of ripe fruits 2nd cough t / ha 14.7 8.3 14.0

Yield of immature fruits 10 2. cough t / ha 14.3 20.3 19.0

Yield of ripe fruits + unripe fruits 1. +2. fall t / ha 51.3 51.6 66.0 VII. Citrus fruits, e.g. oranges EXAMPLE 24 15 When treating orange trees with 50 - 1000 ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride, at the time of full bloom, the concentration of the cellular substances, e.g. as to Ca-ions in the shell, the fruit code and the fruit juice.

Planting approx. 1954

Treatment 26.04.79 (full flowering)

Host 07.11.79

Analysis 14.11.79

Citrus sinensis, var. Navel 25 ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride

Ca content in shell ppm 10500 12000 7750 12250% 100 114 74 117 30 Ca content in meat ppm 3000 4250 5000 5000% 100 142 167 167 ·

Ca content in the juice ppm 5500 8750 5750 7500% 100 159 104 136 +) corresponds to 20, 40, 400 g of active substance per ha dissolved in -35 4.0 1 water per tree at 100 trees / ha EXAMPLE 25 20

DK 157329B

5 Fruits of orange trees, which, under full flowering, were treated with 1000 ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride, for temperatures of -12 ° C for 3 tints. Electrical resistance measurements performed 15 1/2 hours later showed poor conductivity in the treated fruits.

10 Poor conductivity is directly related to less content of free electrolytes resulting from cold-damaged cells and thus to lower cold damage. The lower the conductivity, the better the fruit quality in relation to cold damage. It is known that Ca ions play a significant function in cell conduction.

Ν, Ν-Dimethylpiperidinium chloride enhances the content of Ca ions in the plant tissue and hence the cold resistance.

By changing the cell contents, e.g. resistance to the environmental influence.

Planting approx. 1954

Treatment 26.04.79 (full flowering)

Horse 08.12.79 25 Inferior storage at -12 ° C 08.12.79 at. 14:30

Removal from stock 08.12.79 at. 17:30

Malins: of the resistance 09.12.79 at. 09:00

Citrus sinensis, var. Navel ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride _0___1000 +)

Navel electr. resistance kilo-Ohm 17.5 19.4

Valencia electr. "" 19.6 24.4 +) equals 400 g of active substance / ha

2i DK 157329 B

EXAMPLE 26 When spraying 1000 ppm of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride on orange blossoms in full bloom, single fruit weight and fruit yield are increased.

Planting approx. 1954 5 Treatment 26.04.79 (full bloom)

Host 07.12.79

Weighing 18.01.80

Citrus sinensis, var. Navel ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride N = 60 fruits _0 _ 1000 +)

Fruit weight kg 12.85 15.05

Single fruit weight g 214 251% 100 117 15 +) corresponds to 400 g of active substance / ha EXAMPLE 27 When spraying 1000 ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride on orange trees that are 1 full flower, the fruit size is increased by a larger fruit diameter and fruit-axis. Larger orange fruits mean a better fruit quality 20 (outer fruit quality).

Planting approx. 1954

Treatment 26.04.79 (full flowering)

Horse 07.12.79 Measurement 18.01.80 25.

22 DK 157329 B

Citrus sinensis, var. Navel ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride N = 4 fruits_0_1000 +)

Fruit diameter mm 49.8 56.1 5% 100 113

Fruit length axis mm 53.2 57.5% 100 108 +) corresponds to 400 g of active substance / ha EXAMPLE 28 When spraying 1000 ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride 10 on full-flowering orange trees, the fruit juice and fruit juice are increased. In addition, the internal fruit quality is improved. This is characterized by a significantly higher content of vitamin C and a distinctly lower acid content.

Planting approx. 1954

Treatment 26.04.79 (full flowering)

Host 07.12.79

Analysis 24.01.80

Citrus sinensis, var. Navel 20 ppm N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride N = 13 fruits_0_1000 +)

Single fruit weight g 211.8 237.5% 100 112 25 Juice yield / fruit cm3 96.0 115.3% 100 120

Juice yield% 45.3 48.5

Vitamin C content mg / 100 g fresh 65.1 73.9 30% 100 113.5

Acid content, in juice mq, / 100 cm 2 19.2 15.1% 100 78.6 +) corresponds to 400 g of active substance / ha

Claims (2)

23 DK 157329 B 1. A method for promoting the growth of plants except cotton plants and cereals, characterized by treating the plants with an Ν, Ν-dimethylpiperidinium salt in an amount of less than 500 g of active substance per hectare. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the plants are treated with N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride in an amount of 10 to 450 g of active substance per hectare.