DE2815345A1 - Growth regulation of cotton plants - using di:methyl-piperidinium salts at low application rates - Google Patents

Abstract

Growth regulation of cotton plants is effected by applying a N,N-dimethylpiperidinium (DMP) salt at a rate of 5-24.5 g./ha. Application of DMP salts at such low rates (cf. DT 2207575) still has a significant effect (reducing negative growth and increasing yields), while plant compatibility is improved, costs are reduced and pollution hazards are reduced.

Description

Regulating the development of cotton plants

The present invention relates to the use of an N, N-dimethylpiperidinium salt to regulate the development of cotton plants with an application rate of 5 Up to 24.5 g of active ingredient per hectare. It is known to use N, N-dimethylpiperidinium salts in application rates to use from 0.5 to 8 kg per hectare to influence the growth of cotton plants (DT-OS 22 07 575).

Typical effects of plant growth regulators include the reduction in length growth. Similarly, germ or flower induction can be used take place, i.e. an influence on the plant's annual rhythm. The training too of side shoots can be promoted or inhibited by growth regulators.

Characteristic of N, N-dimethylpiperiainium salts are among others the following biological effects: inhibition of height and width, the growth of non-reproductive branches, the formation of nodes. Promoting development Capsule-bearing branches, the capsule maturity, early harvest, increased yields with better Fiber quality. More intensive chlorophyll synthesis, shift of chlorophyll A: B Ratio, increased content of calcium in the leaf and potassium in the root, lower Water consumption, reinforced palisade and parenchymal tissue in the leaf, thicker leaf. Little infestation with caterpillars. Due to reduced late development of flowers and capsules reduce the population of insect pests such as Anthonomus sp. and Pectinophora sp.

Better maturation of vegetative and generative plant organs.

Manual and mechanical harvesting easier due to the more compact growth.

It has now been found that M, N-dimethylpiperidinium salts in one Application rate of 5 to 24.5 g / ha active ingredient the growth of cotton plants strong influence. This is all the more remarkable as previously only from higher application rates a sufficient biological effect has been reported and therefore assumed could be that these small amounts are practically ineffective.

Depending on cultivation areas, climatic areas, tree oroll types and varieties have the low application rates mentioned here compared to the higher ones known besides a clear influence on the vegetative development the special Advantage of better plant tolerance. In addition, these are minor Active ingredient application rates more economical compared to the known high application rates and more environmentally friendly.

Example No. 1 shows that with application rates of 5.7 to 22.7 g / ha N, N-Dimethylpiperidiniumchlorid the vegetative growth of the cotton plant is increasing is restricted. This regulation of plant growth is directly related with improved generative development, i.e. with increased yields.

Example No. 2 shows that with increasing application rates, the vegetative Development is increasingly inhibited. This corresponds to an increased capsule and thus Income generation.

Using example no. 4 it can be seen that not only the main shoot but also the branches are shortened. A corresponding increase in yield results from it.

Example 1 Seed: 05/09/77 Treatment: 06/14/77 Measurement of the height of growth 07/08/77 Harvest: 10/27/77 Gossypium hirsutum, var. Lankart 57 g / ha of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride 0 5.7 11.3 22.7 Height of growth 96.7 cm = 100% 81.1 84% 84.4 87% 76.7 79% Yield 5590 kg / ha = 100% 6098 109% 5735 102% 5663 101% Example 2 Seed: 04/18/75 Treatment: 07/18/75 Measurement of height: 09/10/75 Capsule count: 09/10/75 Harvest: 09/10/75 Gossypium hirsutum, var. SJ 2 g / ha of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride 0 12.4 24.5 Height of growth 130.5 cm = 100 124.1 95 121.2 93 Capsules / m row 54.4 pieces = 100 61.8 114 57.8 106 Yield 3489 kg / ha = 100 3740 107 3731 107 Example 3 Seed: 04/22/76 Treatment: 07/07/76 Harvest: 11/14/76 Gossypium hirstum, var.SJ 4 g / ha of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride 0 12.4 24.5 Yield 3038 kg / ha = 100 3216 106 3301 109 Example 4 Seed: 04/16/76 Treatment: 07/12/76 Measurement of the height of the plant: 08/12/76 Measurement of the shoot length: 08/12/76 Harvest: 11/14/76 Gossypium hirsutum, var. SJ 2 g / ha of N, N-dimethylpiperidinium chloride 0 23.0 Height of growth 119.2 cm = 100 107.2 90 Shoot length 50.3 cm = 100 40.3 80 Yield 4605 kg / ha = 100 4849 105 The salts can also be used together with other crop protection agents, ie together with herbicides, insecticides, synergists, antidotes, other growth regulators, but in particular also with fungicides. The use of the salts together with fertilizers, in particular mixing with urea, is also advantageous in practice.

The effectiveness of the salts is due to the cation, so the choice of the anion is arbitrary. However, anions of phytotoxic acids should not be used will. Suitable acids are, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, Carbonic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, Sulfuric acid monomethyl or ethyl ester, 2-iithylhexanoic acid, acrylic acid, maleic, Succinic, adipic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. The salt of hydrochloric acid is preferred.

The salts can be given to the plants by spraying over the leaf though can also be fed in via the floor. The salts can be given in one dose or divided be applied in several partial doses (i.e. at different times).

The salts are used around the time the flower buds are formed until the middle of flowering of the plants.

The salts can be used as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, granulates, Foams or dusts are used. The forms of application depend entirely according to the purposes of use; they should in any case have a fine distribution of the ensure effective substance.

The solution is used to produce solutions that can be sprayed directly in water. But it can also use dispersions in hydrocarbons Boiling points higher than 1500C and one or more functional groups, e.g. the keto group, the ether group, the ester group or the amide group, where this group is a substituent on a hydrocarbon chain or is a component a heterocyclic ring can be used as spray liquids.

Aqueous application forms can be made from emulsion concentrates, pastes or wettable powders (wettable powders) can be prepared by adding water. To produce emulsions, the substances can be used as such or in a solvent dissolved, by means of wetting or dispersing agents, e.g. polyethylene oxide addition products be homogenized in water or organic solvents. But there are also nones from active substance, emulsifying or dispersing agent and possibly solvent existing concentrates are made that are suitable for dilution with water are.

Dusts can be created by mixing or grinding together the effective Substances with a solid carrier, e.g. kieselguhr, talc, clay or fertilizers getting produced. Mixtures with fertilizers are preferred for granulates.

Claims (1)

Claim Use of an N, N-dimethylpiperidinium salt for Regulation of the development of cotton plants at an application rate of 5 to 24.5 g active ingredient per hectare.