DK152775B

DK152775B - METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CREATING FISH

Info

Publication number: DK152775B
Application number: DK511579A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Manfred Krohn
Original assignee: Nordischer Maschinenbau
Priority date: 1979-09-29
Filing date: 1979-11-30
Publication date: 1988-05-16
Also published as: DK152775C; DK511579A

Description

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Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til opretning af fisk med afhugget hoved, og især fisk hørende til ga-diderne og med et i det væsentlige cirkulært tværsnit med hensyn til fiskens symmetripian, og under frem-5 føring og understøtning af fiskekroppen ved bugen, ryggen og flankerne.The invention relates to a method for aligning fish with chopped heads, and in particular fish belonging to the guides and having a substantially circular cross-section with respect to the symmetry of the fish, and during feeding and support of the fish body at the bow, back and flanks. .

Ved mekanisk fiskebearbejdning er det ikke blot til opfyldelse af kvalitetskravene til produkterne, men 10 også til sikring af bearbejdningsprocessens automatiske forløb med mindst mulige forstyrrelser en uundgåelig forudsætning, at alle fiskene tilføres bearbejdningslinien nøjagtigt oprettet, og at denne tilstand fastholdes sikkert under hele bearbejdningen.In mechanical fish processing, not only to meet the quality requirements of the products, but also to ensure the automatic process of the processing process with the least possible interference, it is an inevitable condition that all fish are fed to the processing line precisely created and that this condition is maintained securely throughout the processing.

15 Dette gælder især opretningen af fisken med hensyn til symmetriplanet for denne. Ved fisk med tilnærmelsesvis cirkelrundt tværsnit er dette krav særlig vanskeligt at realisere, fordi en sådan formet fisk ikke giver nogen mulighed for at opnå den ønskede 20 virkning med sædvanlige, udefra angribende opret ningsorganer .15 This is particularly true of the alignment of the fish with respect to its plane of symmetry. In fish of approximately circular cross-section, this requirement is particularly difficult to realize because such shaped fish does not allow the desired effect to be obtained with usual, external contacting means.

Et sådant apparat kendes fra ansøgerens norske patentskrift 91 520. Det har et par drevne transport-25 bånd, der sammen med et bundbånd danner en frem føringsrende, samt nedtrykningsorganer over bundbån det. Dette apparat er kun egnet til med godt resultat at oprette fisk med tilnærmelsesvis ellipseformet tværsnit med hensyn til symmetriplanet.Such an apparatus is known from the applicant's Norwegian Patent Specification 91 520. It has a pair of driven conveyor belts which together with a bottom conveyor form a conveyor channel, as well as depressors over the bottom conveyor belt. This apparatus is only suitable for successfully producing fish of approximately elliptical cross section with respect to the plane of symmetry.

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Det er opfindelsens formål at anvise en fremgangsmåde til opretning af fisk med tilnærmelsesvis cirkelrund tværsnitsform, ved hjælp af hvilken opretningen af sådanne fisk med hensyn til deres symmetriplan bliverIt is an object of the invention to provide a method for aligning fish of approximately circular cross-sectional shape, by means of which the alignment of such fish with respect to their plane of symmetry becomes

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2 sikrere og muliggøres med i det mindste sædvanligt resultat.2 safer and possible with at least usual result.

Det opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at understøtningen 5 ved fiskens bug sker under indkrængning af bugvæggen, der omgiver bughulen ind til tilnærmelsesvis anlæg af dennes inderside mod undersiden af hvirveltappene.This is achieved by the invention in that the support 5 at the fish's abdomen occurs during the penetration of the abdominal wall surrounding the abdominal cavity into approximately abutment of the inside thereof towards the underside of the vertebrae.

De herved opnåede fordele ligger især i, at der ved 10 den indirekte understøtning af fiskens skelet ved opretning fås et selvcentrerende anlæg, der muliggør en nøjagtig opretning.In particular, the advantages thus obtained are that, by the indirect support of the fish's skeleton by alignment, a self-centering system is obtained which allows an accurate alignment.

Opfindelsen angår også et apparat til udøvelse af 15 fremgangsmåden med en fremføringsmekanisme, der er udformet med et par omløbende, drevne, indbyrdes parallelt styrede transportbånd, der sammen med et bundbånd danner en fremføringsrende, en over fremføringsrenden anbragt forsyningsmekanisme med et på 20 tværs af dennes fremføringsretning beliggende trug og et over bundbåndet anbragt nedholdeorgan. Apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommeligt ved, at bundbåndet i længderetningen forløbende og med indbyrdes afstand har anbragte støtteorganer, der rager op i 25 den af transportbåndene dannede fremføringsrende.The invention also relates to an apparatus for practicing the method with a feeding mechanism formed by a pair of circumferentially driven, mutually controlled conveyor belts which together with a bottom belt form a feeding channel, a supply mechanism arranged over the feeding channel with a 20 across it. conveying direction located trough and a retaining means arranged over the bottom band. The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the bottom belt has longitudinally extending and spaced-apart supporting members which project into the conveyor belt formed by the conveyor belts.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan støtteorganernes støtteflader være konvekse og udformet symmetriske i forhold til fremføringsrendens symmetriplan. På grund af støtte-30 fladernes tilpasning til formen af fiskens bughule umiddelbart under hvirvelsøjlen sikres der herved en entydig understøtning.According to the invention, the supporting surfaces of the supporting members can be convex and formed symmetrical in relation to the plane of symmetry of the conveying gutter. Due to the adaptation of the support surfaces to the shape of the fish's abdominal cavity immediately below the vertebral column, a unique support is thereby ensured.

Ifølge en yderligere udførelsesform for opfindelsen 3According to a further embodiment of the invention 3

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kan støttefladen være udformet som en del af en cylinderflade, hvis diameter i det væsentlige svarer til bundbåndets bredde. Herved bliver det muligt allerede ved nedkastningen af fiskekroppen i fremfø-5 ringsrenden at foretage en grov opretning af denne.For example, the support surface may be formed as part of a cylinder surface whose diameter substantially corresponds to the width of the bottom belt. In this way, it is possible to make a rough alignment already upon the throwing of the body of the fish in the feeding trough.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan længden af understøtningsfladen svare til i det mindste længden af bughulen i de største til bearbejdning kommende fisk. Herved sikres 10 det, at bughulen bliver understøttet i hele sin længde, og der sikres også en opretning af fisken, hvad angår stillingen af dens længdeakse.According to the invention, the length of the support surface may correspond to at least the length of the abdominal cavity of the largest fish to be processed. This ensures that the abdominal cavity is supported throughout its length, and an alignment of the fish is also ensured with respect to the position of its longitudinal axis.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan understøtningsorganerne være 15 anbragt i en sådan indbyrdes afstand, som svarer til i det mindste længden af haledelen af de største fisk, der kommer til bearbejdning. Bundbåndet kan ved sin mod fisken vendende side have et V-formet tværsnit, der brydes af de fra dette opragende støtteor-20 ganer. Herved bliver det muligt også at styre fiskens haledel oprettet i det mindste med hensyn til dens længdeakse, hvad der er af stor betydning ved fiskens videregivelse til yderligere bearbejdning.According to the invention, the supporting means may be spaced at such a distance corresponding to at least the length of the tail portion of the largest fish being processed. The bottom band may have a V-shaped cross-section at its side facing the fish which is broken by the supporting members of this projecting support. In this way, it is also possible to control the tail portion created at least with respect to its longitudinal axis, which is of great importance in passing the fish for further processing.

25 Ifølge opfindelsen kan forsynings- og fremføringsmekanismen være synkroniserede med hensyn til deres fremføringshastighed. Når afkastningstidspunktet for fiskekroppen fra forsyningsmekanismens tværtrug én gang er afstemt med forbipassagen af enden af under-30 støttelsesorganet for bughulen, sikres det herved, at alle fiskekroppene efter nedkastningen i fremføringsmekanismen kommer til at ligge på en sådan måde, at bughulens ende falder tilstrækkelig nøjagtigt sammen med enden af det tilsvarende understøttelsesorgan.According to the invention, the supply and feed mechanism may be synchronized with respect to their feed rate. Once the time of return of the fish body from the transverse trough of the supply mechanism is aligned with the by-pass of the end of the abdominal support means, it is hereby ensured that all the fish bodies after the failure of the feed mechanism will lie together so that the end of the abdominal eye falls sufficiently with the end of the corresponding support member.

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: DK 152775B: DK 152775B

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Ifølge opfindelsen kan nedholderorganet være anbragt i nærheden af fremføringsrendens udløbsende og bestå af en profilrulle drevet med en omløbshastighed, der 5 i det mindste svarer til transportbåndets hastighed, og med et V-formet sporprofil, der er udformet til at kunne vige bort i opadgående retning mod en fjederkraft. Herved kan der sørges for et tilstrækkeligt nedholdningstryk til indkrængning af fiskens bughule 10 ind til anlæg mod skelettets hvirveltappe mod støtteorganerne, samt til en virksom trepunkts styring, der sikrer en korrekt opretning.According to the invention, the retainer means may be positioned near the outlet end of the feed trough and consist of a profile roller driven at an orbital speed at least equal to the conveyor belt speed and with a V-shaped groove profile designed to deviate in the upward direction. against a spring force. In this way, sufficient hold-down pressure can be provided to penetrate the fish's abdominal cavity 10 into abutment against the vertebral vertebra of the skeleton against the supporting members, as well as to an effective three-point control which ensures correct alignment.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan bundbåndet være forlænget ind 15 i en efterfølgende bearbejdningsmaskine, og støtteor ganerne være udformet som saddelformede skubbeorganer. Herved bliver apparatet ifølge opfindelsen også i stand til at videregive fisk, som i den efterfølgende maskine skal bearbejdes under fremføring med 20 halen foran.According to the invention, the bottom strap may be extended into a subsequent machining machine and the supporting members may be formed as saddle-shaped pushing means. In this way, the apparatus according to the invention is also capable of transmitting fish, which in the subsequent machine must be processed during feeding with the tail in front.

I det følgende skal opfindelsen forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 25 fig. 1 viser et forsynings- og fremføringsapparat ifølge opfindelsen i axonometrisk fremstilling, fig. 2 et længdesnit gennem fremføringsapparatet, 30 fig. 3 et tværsnit gennem fremføringsapparatet ved sidefremføringsbåndene med en netop i fremføringsrenden anbragt fisk, set fra dennes hovedsnitflade, ogIn the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a supply and feeding apparatus according to the invention in axonometric manufacture; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through the feeding apparatus; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the feed apparatus at the lateral feed belts with a fish placed precisely in the feed trough as seen from its main sectional surface; and

. DK 152775 B. DK 152775 B

5 fig. 4 et tværsnit gennem fremføringsrenden ved nedholderorganet med eh oprettet fisk set fra dennes hovedsnitflade.5 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the feed trough at the holding means with a fish created from its main sectional surface.

5 I et på tegningen ikke vist stativ for en fiskebearbejdningsmaskine, f.eks. en filetteringsmaskine, er der foran og fortrinsvis i forlængelse af fiskebanen for denne maskine anbragt et fremføringsapparat 1 for 10 fisk, hvilket apparat består af et par omløbende, drevne og indbyrdes parallelle transportbånd 2,3. Deres fremføringsflader er vendt mod hinanden og danner sammen med et ligeledes omløbende og drevet bundbånd 4 en fremføringsrende 6 til optagelse af fiskene.5 In a stand not shown in the drawing for a fish processing machine, e.g. a filleting machine, a feeding apparatus 1 for 10 fish is arranged in front of and preferably in the extension of the fishing path, which apparatus consists of a pair of circular, driven and mutually parallel conveyor belts 2,3. Their feed faces are facing each other and together with a similarly circular and driven bottom band 4 forms a feed ring 6 for receiving the fish.

15 Bundbåndet 4 er udformet forlænget ved udløbsenden 5 over for transportbåndene 2,3 og bærer fordelt langs omkredsen med samme indbyrdes afstand i længderetningen støtteorganer 7, der hver er udformet med en konveks støtteflade 8 på deres i fremføringsrenden opad-20 ragende del. Støttefladen 8 udgør fortrinsvis en del af en cylinderflade, hvis akse ligger i symmetriplanet for fremføringsrenden 6, og hvis diameter 9 er en smule mindre end den i planet for bundbåndet 4 målte afstand mellem transportbåndene 2 og 3, der danner 25 fremføringsrenden 6. Mellem støtteorganerne 7 er bundbåndet 4 udformet som et trug på en sådan måde, at der i dettes længderetning dannes optagelsesorganer 10 med V-formet tværsnit. Bundbåndet 4 har ved sin mod fisken vendende overside et V-formet tvær-30 snit, der brydes af de fra dette opragende støtteorganer. Støtteorganerne 7 såvel som optagelsesorganerne 10 kan bestå af fleksibelt materiale, der tillader en elastisk ombøjning under omløbet. De kan imidlertid også være fremstillet af stive materialer, og daThe bottom band 4 is formed extended at the outlet end 5 opposite the conveyor belts 2,3 and bears distributed along the circumference with the same longitudinal distance between the support members 7, each formed with a convex support surface 8 on their upwardly extending portion 20. The support surface 8 preferably forms part of a cylinder surface whose axis lies in the plane of symmetry of the feed trough 6 and whose diameter 9 is slightly smaller than the distance measured in the plane of the bottom band 4 between the conveyor belts 2 and 3, which forms the feed trough 6. Between the support means 7, the bottom band 4 is formed as a trough in such a manner that in its longitudinal direction, receiving means 10 of V-shaped cross-section are formed. The bottom band 4 has a V-shaped cross-section at its upper side facing the fish which is broken by the supporting members projecting from it. The supporting means 7 as well as the receiving means 10 may consist of flexible material which permits an elastic bending during circulation. However, they can also be made of rigid materials, and then

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6 bestå af separate, på et bånd anbragte segmenter.6 consists of separate, banded segments.

Over udløbsenden 5 for bundbåndet 4 findes en profilrulle 11 med et V-formet sporprofil 12, hvilken profilrulle 11 er omløbende og drives med en hastighed, 5 der er den samme eller noget større end hastigheden for transportbåndene 2,3, og som er lejret med sin symmetriplan i fremføringsrendens 6 symmetriplan ef-tergivelig opefter mod kraften fra en fjeder. Over fremføringsapparatet 1 er der anbragt et for-10 syningsapparat 13 bestående af en vinkelret på længdeaksen for fremføringsapparatet 1 bevæget trugkæde 14 med tværliggende trug 15, der er udformet med en på tegningen ikke vist maskine til kipning af trugene 15 om deres længdeakse. Hastigheden for trugkæden 14 15 er således afstemt til hastigheden for fremføringsrenden 6, at kipmekanismen for de enkelte trug 15 hver gang aktiveres på det tidspunkt, hvor et støtteorgan 7 på bundbåndet 4 befinder sig under trugene 15.Above the outlet end 5 of the bottom belt 4 is a profile roller 11 having a V-shaped groove profile 12, which profile roller 11 is circumferential and operated at a speed 5 which is the same or somewhat greater than the speed of the conveyor belts 2,3 and which is mounted with its plane of symmetry in the plane of symmetry of the feed gutter 6 in an upward direction against the force of a spring. Above the feeder 1 is provided a supply apparatus 13 consisting of a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the feeder 1 moving trough chain 14 with transverse troughs 15 formed with a machine not shown in the drawing for cutting the troughs 15 about their longitudinal axis. The speed of the trough chain 14 15 is so adjusted to the speed of the feed trough 6 that the tilting mechanism of the individual troughs 15 is activated each time a support member 7 on the bottom band 4 is under the troughs 15.

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Apparatet fungerer på følgende måde:The device works as follows:

De til bearbejdning kommende fisk med endnu ikke afskårne hoveder anbringes i trugene 15 i den omløben-25 de, drevne trugkæde 14 i forsyningsapparatet 13 med hovedet mod venstre og ryggen mod fremføringsvirkningen, og ved hjælp af et passende værktøj afskæres hovedet. Trugene 15 med fiskekroppene 16 når under det videre forløb af fremføringen ind i området over 30 fremføringsrenden 6 i fremføringsapparatet 1 og svinges af kipmekanismen om deres længdeakse. Hastigheden for trugkæden 14 og bundbåndet 4 er således afpasset til hinanden, at et støtteorgan 7 på bundbåndet 4 i kipmekanismens aktiveringsøjeblik befinder sig såle-The fish arriving for processing with heads not yet cut are placed in the troughs 15 of the circulating, driven trough chain 14 in the supply apparatus 13 with the head to the left and the back against the feeding effect, and with the aid of a suitable tool the head is cut off. The troughs 15 with the fish bodies 16, during the further course of the feed, reach into the area above the feed trough 6 in the feed apparatus 1 and are swung by the tilt mechanism about their longitudinal axis. The velocity of the trough chain 14 and the bottom band 4 are so adapted to each other that a support member 7 on the bottom band 4 at the actuation moment of the tilting mechanism is thus located.

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7 des i området for det kippede trug 15, at den nedkastede fiskekrop opfanges med sin bughule 17 af støtteorganet 7. Samtidig understøttes haledelen 18 ved hjælp af de op til støtteorganet 7 stødende optageor-5 ganer 10, og styres i sideretning af disses V-formede udformning. Den på denne måde i korrekt stilling overtagne fiskekrop 16 når under fremføringen ved hjælp af bundbåndet 4 og transportbåndene 2,3 til det som profilrulle 11 udformede nedholderorgan, som be-10 virker en nedtrykning af fiskekroppen 16 med bughuledelen mod det tilsvarende støtteorgan 7. Gennem den herved frembragte indkrængning af bugvæggen 19 kommer undersiden af hvirveltappene 20 gennem bugvæggen 19 indirekte til anlæg mod støttefladerne 8 på støtteor-15 ganerne 7, så der i forbindelse med styringen af fiskekroppen 16 i sporprofilet 12 i profilrullen 11 opnås en opretning og eksakt udretning af fiskekroppen.7, in the area of the tilted trough 15, the thrown fish body is intercepted with its abdominal cavity 17 by the support member 7. At the same time, the tail portion 18 is supported by the uptake members 10 adjacent to the support member 7 and guided laterally by their V shaped design. The fish body 16 thus taken over in the correct position reaches during the feeding by means of the bottom belt 4 and the conveyor belts 2,3 to the holding member designed as profile roll 11, which causes a depression of the fish body 16 with the abdominal part against the corresponding supporting member 7. Through In this way, the penetration of the abdominal wall 19 results indirectly against the vertebra 20 through the abdominal wall 19 against the supporting surfaces 8 of the supporting members 7, so that in connection with the control of the fish body 16 in the groove profile 12 in the profile roll 11 an alignment and exact alignment of the fish body.

De ved denne proces fortrængte indvolde viger til dels ud til begge sider for støttefladerne 8, og bli-20 ver til dels trængt ud gennem den åbne endeflade af bughulen 17. Den fortrinsvis i forhold til bundbåndet 4 forøgende omløbshastighed af profilrullen 11 letter herved opretningsoperationen, da der mellem profilrullen og fisken indstiller sig en glidende gnid-25 ningstilstand, der bevirker en i det væsentlige fri bevægelse af fisken svarende til de på denne indvirkende opretningskræfter. Synkronismen mellem bundbåndet 4 og trugkæden 14 kan indstilles på en sådan måde, at den enkelte fiskekrop med sikkerhed kommer til 30 at ligge med bughulen 17 ved støtteorganet 7. For sikkert at styre fiskekroppens haledel 18 kan der efter profilrullen 11 være koblet et ikke vist nedholderorgan i form af et rygstyreorgan af kendt udførelse.The entrails displaced by this process partly extend to both sides of the supporting surfaces 8, and are partly penetrated through the open end surface of the abdominal cavity 17. The increasing rotational speed of the profile roller 11, in relation to the bottom band 4, thereby facilitates the rectifying operation. since between the profile reel and the fish, a sliding rubbing state arises which causes a substantially free movement of the fish corresponding to the alignment forces acting on it. The synchronism between the bottom band 4 and the trough chain 14 can be adjusted in such a way that the individual fishing body 30 will lie with the abdominal cavity 17 at the supporting member 7. To safely control the tail body 18 of the fishing body, a retaining means not shown may be coupled to the profile roll 11. in the form of a back guide of known embodiment.

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Apparatet ifølge opfindelsen kan også anvendes til opretning af fiskekroppe, der fremføres med haledelen forrest. Støtteorganerne 7 kan da betragtes som sad-5 delformede skubbeorganer på en transportør, der udgør hovedtransportøren i en efterfølgende bearbej dnings-maskine.The apparatus according to the invention can also be used for aligning fish carcasses which are fed with the tail part at the front. The support means 7 can then be regarded as saddle-shaped pushing means on a conveyor constituting the main conveyor in a subsequent machining machine.

Claims

A method of straightening fish with chopped heads, and especially fish belonging to the gadids and having a substantially circular cross-section, with respect to the plane of symmetry of the fish, and during feeding and support of the fish body at the abdomen, back, and flanks, characterized by the support of the fish's abdomen occurs during the penetration of the abdominal wall surrounding the abdominal cavity into approximately abutment of the inside of it towards the underside of the vertebrae.

Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with a feeding mechanism consisting of a pair of circumferentially driven, mutually controlled conveyor belts (2,3) which together with a bottom belt (4) forms a feeding channel (6), one above the feeding channel ( 6) supply mechanism (13) having a trough (15) located transversely of its feed direction and a retaining means (11) located above the bottom band (4), characterized in that the bottom band (4) is formed with supporting means (7) which extending in the longitudinal direction of the bottom belt (4) and spaced apart from each other and projecting into the feed ring (6) formed by the conveyor belts (2,3).

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the support surfaces (8) of the support means (7) are designed convex and symmetrical with respect to the plane of symmetry of the feeding channel (6).

Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the supporting surfaces (8) are formed as a part of the cylinder surface of a cylinder whose diameter (9) corresponds substantially to the distance measured in the plane of the bottom belt (4). between the conveyor belts (2, 3) forming the feed trough (6). 5

Apparatus according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the length of the supporting faces (8) corresponds at least to the length of the abdominal cavity (17) of the largest fish to be processed.

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting means (7) are spaced apart at least equal to the length of the tail part (18) of the largest fish processed.

Apparatus according to claim 2, 3 or 6, characterized in that the bottom band (4) has a V-shaped cross-section at its upper side facing the fish which is broken by the supporting members (7) projecting therefrom.

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the supply mechanism (13) and the feed mechanism (1) have synchronized feed rates. 25

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the holding means (11) is located immediately behind the outlet end (5) of the feeding gutter (6) and consists of one having a circulation speed at least equal to the speed of the conveyor belts ( 2,3), driven prifile roller (11) with V-shaped groove profile (12), and that the holding means (11) is designed to extend in an upward direction (cf. page 4, line 10) against the force of a spring. DK 152775B

Apparatus according to one or more of claims 2-9, characterized in that the bottom belt (4) is extended into a subsequent machining machine 5 and that the supporting means (7) are formed as saddle-shaped pushing means.