DK152550B

DK152550B - Board construction having at least one surface board and at least load-bearing beam

Info

Publication number: DK152550B
Application number: DK167581AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: Edgar Gudmundsson; Oli Johann Asmundsson
Original assignee: Edgar Gudmundsson; Asmundsson Oli J
Priority date: 1980-04-14
Filing date: 1981-04-13
Publication date: 1988-03-14
Also published as: IS2551A7; NO161338C; GB2075569A; FI70619B; GB2075569B; IS1199B6; DK152550C; NO161338B; DK167581A; SE8102066L; FI811143L; CA1182973A; NO811250L; FI70619C

Description

iin

DK 152550 BDK 152550 B

Opfindelsen angår en pladekonstruktion med mindst én overfladeplade og mindst én bærende bjælke, der grænser op til og understøtter bagsiden af pladen, hvis ene kant grænser op til bjælken og strækker sig parallelt med dennes længdeakse, idet denne kant er forbundet 5 med bjælken ved hjælp af en notforbindelse, hvis samlingsretning forløber parallelt med pladens overflade og vinkelret på bjælkens længdeakse.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a plate construction having at least one surface plate and at least one supporting beam adjacent to and supporting the back of the plate, one edge of which adjoins the beam and extending parallel to its longitudinal axis, said edge being connected to the beam by means of a groove connection whose direction of assembly extends parallel to the surface of the plate and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam.

Fra dansk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 142781 kendes en pladesamling, der anvendes ved opbygning af skabsvægge, og som omfatter tre på hin-10 anden vinkelret anbragt pladeelementer, som sammenholdes ved hjælp af løse notforbindelser. Denne kendte konstruktion vil ikke egne sig til opbygning af pladekonstruktioner, som skal kunne modstå væsentlige trykpåvirkninger i retning vinkelret på overfladepladens retning.From Danish Patent Specification No. 142781 there is known a plate assembly which is used in the construction of cabinet walls, which comprises three plate elements arranged on each other perpendicularly perpendicular, which are held together by means of loose groove connections. This known construction will not be suitable for the construction of plate structures which can withstand significant pressure effects in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the surface plate.

En plan pladekonstruktion er den mest almindelige form ved husbyg-15 ning udvendig såvel som indvendig. Vægge, gulve og lofter, paneler på plane flader, permanente og flytbare interiører og endog møbler er altsammen opbygget af denne simple form. Denne enhed vil blive kaldt en plade.A flat plate construction is the most common form of house building exterior as well as interior. Walls, floors and ceilings, panels on flat surfaces, permanent and removable interiors and even furniture are all made up of this simple form. This unit will be called a plate.

Formen er i sig selv ikke tilstrækkelig, idet det også er nødvendigt 20 med styrke. Pladen har mindst styrke og stivhed i retning vinkelret på sit plan. I den retning er den bøjelig og svag. Derfor opbygges en afstivende ramme bag pladen, og pladerne fastgøres til denne, sædvanligvis ved fastsømning, men også ofte ved fastlimning. Denne type af pladekonstruktion har ikke noget specielt navn, og man op- 25 fatter den i virkeligheden som to adskilte dele, nemlig som en af stivningsramme og en dækplade. Afstivningsrammen udgør et bærende hele og fremstilles først, idet den bl.a. må kunne modstå den hamring, der bliver tale om, når der sømmes plader på den.The shape itself is not sufficient, as strength is also needed. The plate has the least strength and stiffness in the direction perpendicular to its plane. In that direction, it is pliable and weak. Therefore, a reinforcing frame is built behind the plate and the plates are attached to it, usually by seaming, but also often by gluing. This type of plate construction has no special name, and it is in fact understood as two separate parts, namely as one of a stiffening frame and a cover plate. The stiffening frame constitutes a supporting whole and is manufactured first. must be able to withstand the hammering involved when sewing plates on it.

Afstivnings rammen må have en størrelse, der er afpasset til pladen, 30 idet der langs hver af pladens kanter må være en stiver eller bjælke, der kan optage belastningen vinkelret på pladen, og på hvilken pladen kan fastgøres. Fremstillingen af pladen nødvendiggør derfor overholdelse af ret nøjagtige mål. Stiverne eller bjælkerne må ikkeThe stiffening frame must be of a size adapted to the plate, with along each of the edges of the plate there must be a strut or beam capable of accommodating the load perpendicular to the plate and to which the plate can be attached. The manufacture of the plate therefore necessitates adherence to fairly precise dimensions. The struts or beams must not

DK 152550BDK 152550B

2 afvige fra kantens retlinjede forløb og må derfor selv afstives således, at hver stiver danner en ret linje. Konstruktionen af rammen kræver derfor fagkundskab, praktisk sans, opmåling og en betydelig arbejdsindsats.2 differs from the rectilinear course of the edge and must therefore be self-stiffened so that each strut forms a straight line. Consequently, the construction of the framework requires professional knowledge, practical sense, surveying and considerable work effort.

5 Pladerne fastsømmes så på rammen, og alle sømmene forsænkes, hvilket er et tidsrøvende arbejde. Alle sømhullerne må udfyldes, og fyldmaterialet må have lejlighed til at tørre på passende måde, hvorefter det skal afslibes. Elektrikerrør forløber lodret inde i vægge, så at der i afstivningen må bores huller, gennem hvilke elektriker rørene 10 kan føres. Dør- og vinduesrammer dannes ikke automatisk, men de skal fremstilles særskilt og fastgøres til rammen. Resultatet af alt dette er, at 2/3 af prisen for en vægplade uden dør- eller vinduesrammer hidrører fra det ovenfor beskrevne arbejde, der for størstedelen består i opmåling, fastsømning og reparation af den med fast-15 sømningen forbundne beskadigelse.5 The plates are then fastened to the frame and all the seams recessed, which is a time consuming task. All the seam holes must be filled and the filler material must be allowed to dry appropriately, after which it must be sanded. Electric pipe runs vertically inside walls so that holes must be drilled in the stiffener through which the electrician tubes 10 can be passed. Door and window frames do not form automatically, but they must be manufactured separately and attached to the frame. The result of all this is that 2/3 of the cost of a wall plate without door or window frames comes from the work described above, which consists largely of measuring, fixing and repairing the damage associated with the fixed seam.

Forskellige arter af stivere eller bjælker danner forskellige typer af byggeplader, der kan være enkelte eller dobbelte, f.eks. kanaler, gulve, paneler til ydervægge, lofter, isolerede vægge, fuldstændige vægge, partielle indervægge eller vægge med vinduer eller døre.Different species of stiffeners or beams form different types of building boards which can be single or double, e.g. ducts, floors, panels for exterior walls, ceilings, insulated walls, complete walls, partial interior walls or walls with windows or doors.

20 Basisenhederne kan sammenlimes eller fastgøres til hinanden for dannelse af større enheder, for forøgelse af styrken eller for at reducere materialeforbruget.The base units can be bonded or attached to each other to form larger units, to increase strength or to reduce material consumption.

Opfindelsen er baseret på den erkendelse, at det nævnte arbejde er unødvendigt, og pladekonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen er ejendomme-25 lig ved, at notforbindelsen er en friktionsnotforbindelse, hvor i det mindste en del af fjederen og/eller notgangen i notforbindelsen er tilspidset i samlingsretningen.The invention is based on the recognition that said work is unnecessary and the plate construction according to the invention is characterized in that the groove joint is a friction groove joint, where at least part of the spring and / or groove in the groove joint is tapered in the assembly direction.

Medens man ved kendte pladekonstruktioner, som skal kunne optage væsentlige kræfter, og hvor de enkelte elementer er indbyrdes for-30 bundet ved hjælp af notforbindelser, også må fastgøre elementerne i forhold til hinanden ved hjælp af søm, skruer eller lim, kan man ved konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen undgå anvendelse af sådanne ekstraWhile known plate designs which must be able to absorb significant forces and where the individual elements are interconnected by means of groove joints, the elements must also be fixed relative to each other by means of nails, screws or glue, the construction can According to the invention, avoid the use of such extras

DK 152550 BDK 152550 B

3 fastgørelsesmidler. Endvidere muliggør pladekonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen, at konstruktionens dele let kan samles og senere igen adskilles uden beskadigelse af konstruktionens dele. Medens man ved opbygning af vægkonstruktioner under anvendelse af kendte metoder 5 som forklaret ovenfor må foretage en opmåling for at kunne få placeret en stiver eller bjælke, hvor to plader støder sammen, kan man ved anvendelse af pladekonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen først anbringe pladen på plads, så det er pladen, der bestemmer placeringen af bjælken eller stiveren, der igen bestemmer placeringen af den næste 10 plade. Opmåling bliver således unødvendig.3 fasteners. Furthermore, the sheet structure according to the invention enables the parts of the structure to be easily assembled and later to be separated without damaging the parts of the structure. While constructing wall structures using known methods 5 as explained above, a measurement must be made in order to be able to place a strut or beam where two plates collide, using the plate structure according to the invention one can first place the plate in place, then it is the plate that determines the position of the beam or stiffener that in turn determines the position of the next 10 plate. Measurement thus becomes unnecessary.

Sammennotning er en kendt sammenføjningsmetode, der ikke har sømningens ulemper, men alligevel ikke er blevet anvendt til fastgørelse af plader og stivere eller bjælker til hinanden. Sammennotning er især blevet anvendt til sammenføjning af overfladeenheder som 15 plane forbindelser og da kun for at frembringe indtryk af kontinuitet på tværs af forbindelsen og for at gøre forbindelsen stiv i pladens plan, men ikke for at fastgøre overfladedannende elementer til afstivnings- eller konstruktionselementer. Til dette formål anvendes sømning, selv når de overfladedannende elementer er forbundet med 20 hinanden ved hjælp af en not. Sammennotning er således især kendt som plansammenføjning til dannelse af en flade af plane enheder, men ikke som et middel til sammenføjning af plane enheder og til samtidig forbindelse af dem til en understøttende ramme og heller ikke som et middel til simpelthen at forbinde sådanne enheder til en ramme. Alt 25 dette kan opsummeres i den konklusion, at sammennotning er kendt til sammenføjning af planer, men ikke som forbindelsesmiddel for en afstivningsramme eller til sammenføjning af enkelte stivere eller bjælker til andre konstruktionsdele eller, med andre ord, som en bærende sammenføjning.Joining is a known joining method which does not have the disadvantages of seaming, yet has not been used for attaching plates and struts or beams to each other. In particular, notation has been used for joining surface units as 15 flat joints and then only to produce the impression of continuity across the joint and to make the joint rigid in the plane of the sheet, but not to attach surface forming members to stiffeners or structural members. For this purpose, nailing is used even when the surface forming elements are connected to each other by means of a groove. Thus, notation is especially known as plane joining to form a surface of planar units, but not as a means for joining planar units and for simultaneously connecting them to a supporting frame, nor as a means to simply connect such units to a plane. frame. All of this can be summarized in the conclusion that jointing is known for joining planes, but not as connecting means for a stiffening frame or for joining individual struts or beams to other structural members or, in other words, as a supporting joint.

30 Ved opfindelsen er der blevet tilvejebragt et nyt produkt, der har afstivnings rammens bærende egenskaber og dækpladens overfladeegenskaber, men som i stedet for at være baseret på sammenlimning, sammensømning eller en anden form for permanent fastgørelse er selv-afstivende og i stand til at kunne adskilles.In accordance with the invention, a new product has been provided which has the supporting properties of the stiffening frame and the surface properties of the cover plate, but which, instead of being based on bonding, seaming or some other form of permanent attachment, is self-stiffening and capable of separated.

44

DK 152550 BDK 152550 B

Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret under henvisning til tegningen der viser forskellige udførelsesformer for pladekonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen, og hvor fig. 1 og 2 viser notforbindelser med henholdsvis skjult og synlig 5 bjælke, fig. 3 viser en tredobbelt elastisk "tværgående" notforbindelse, hvor bjælken skjules bag pladerne, fig. 4 viser en enkelt byggeplade, fig. 5 viser to enkelte byggeplader, der danner en isolerende væg, 10 fig. 6 viser en dobbelt byggeplade, der danner en komplet indervæg, fig. 7 viser en dobbelt byggeplade med en endedel, der danner en del af en indervæg, fig. 8 viser en dobbelt byggeplade med en ramme, og fig. 9 og 10 viser byggeplader, hvor bjælken kan fastgøres til et 15 underlag.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing which shows various embodiments of the sheet structure according to the invention, and in which fig. 1 and 2 show groove connections with concealed and visible beam, respectively; Fig. 3 shows a triple elastic "transverse" groove connection where the beam is hidden behind the plates; 4 shows a single building plate; FIG. 5 shows two single building panels forming an insulating wall; FIG. 6 shows a double building plate forming a complete inner wall; FIG. 7 shows a double building plate with an end portion forming part of an inner wall; FIG. 8 shows a double building plate with a frame, and FIG. Figures 9 and 10 show building boards where the beam can be attached to a base.

Fig. 1 viser en byggeplade ifølge opfindelsen med en plade 2, der danner en flade 3, og en bærende bjælke 1, der giver styrke, hvor bjælken 1 er anbragt langs pladens 2's kant, og bjælken 1's bærende retning er vinkelret på pladens flade 3. Pladen 2 og bjælken 1 er 20 indbyrdes forbundet ved hjælp af en notsammenføjning 4, hvis sammenføjningsretning ligger i pladen 2's plan og vinkelret på dennes kant.FIG. 1 shows a building board according to the invention with a plate 2 forming a surface 3 and a supporting beam 1 which provides strength, the beam 1 being arranged along the edge of the plate 2 and the bearing direction of the beam 1 perpendicular to the surface 3. of the plate 2 and the beam 1 are interconnected by means of a groove joint 4, the joining direction of which lies in the plane of the plate 2 and perpendicular to the edge thereof.

Da en almindelig notforbindelse er stiv i retningen vinkelret på forbindelsesretningens længderetning, dvs. vinkelret på fladen, eller i 25 retning af dennes normal, og da bjælken 1’s bærende retning går i retning af denne normal, danner notforbindelsen en stiv forbindelse eller fastgørelse i den bærende retning. Da bjælken 1 er stiv i den retning, i hvilken pladen er bøjelig, og er forbundet med pladen med en forbindelse, der er stiv i samme retning, bliver bjælken 1's stiv-30 hed overført til pladen 2, der således bliver stiv både i retning mod og bort fra bjælken 1, og dette er nøjagtig den funktion, der tidligere blev opnået ved fastsømning. Dette er funktionen af en "tværgående" notforbindelse.Since a common groove joint is rigid in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connection direction, i.e. perpendicular to the surface, or in the direction of its normal, and as the bearing direction of the beam 1 goes in the direction of this normal, the groove connection forms a rigid connection or attachment in the bearing direction. Since the beam 1 is rigid in the direction in which the plate is flexible and is connected to the plate with a connection that is rigid in the same direction, the stiffness of the beam 1 is transferred to the plate 2, which thus becomes rigid in both direction. towards and away from the beam 1, and this is exactly the function previously achieved by stitching. This is the function of a "transverse" groove connection.

DK 152550 BDK 152550 B

55

Den "tværgående" notforbindelsessøm 4 fungerer ikke som en plan notforbindelse, idet den ikke forbinder to fladeenheder med hinanden, men i stedet forbinder en fladeenhed med en bærende enhed, hvilket tidligere blev opnået ved fastsømning. Resultatet er en bærende 5 overfladeenhed, nemlig den i fig. 1 viste byggeplade, der er et nyt produkt.The "transverse" groove seam 4 does not function as a flat groove joint in that it does not connect two surface units with one another, but instead connects a surface unit with a supporting unit, which was previously obtained by seaming. The result is a bearing surface unit, namely the one shown in FIG. 1 is a new product.

Ved at forbinde den samme bjælke 1 med to plader 2 i samme plan dannes en plan forbindelse mellem pladerne, idet bjælken 1 bliver en mellemliggende del. Byggepladen kan derfor betegnes som en plade 10 bestående af pladeenheder, der er forbundet med hinanden ved hjælp af en notforbindelse og er ejendommelig ved, at notforbindelsen ikke er beliggende mellem fladeenhederne, men mellem en pladeenhed og en bærende mellemliggende del og så igen mellem den samme mellemliggende del og en anden pladeenhed, så at notforbindelsen bliver 15 indirekte, og den mellemliggende del bliver bærende.By connecting the same beam 1 to two plates 2 in the same plane, a flat connection is formed between the plates, the beam 1 becoming an intermediate part. The building plate can therefore be referred to as a plate 10 consisting of plate units which are connected to each other by means of a groove connection and is characterized in that the groove connection is not located between the surface units, but between a plate unit and a supporting intermediate part and then again between the same intermediate part and another plate unit so that the groove connection becomes indirect and the intermediate part becomes supportive.

Dette betyder ikke nødvendigvis, at den mellemliggende del bliver en del af fladen. På den anden side kan den, om ønsket, være det. Der er her tale om valgfrihed, og ikke om et ufravigeligt princip.This does not necessarily mean that the intermediate part becomes part of the surface. On the other hand, if desired, it can be. This is a matter of freedom of choice, and not an indispensable principle.

Ved hjælp af de nævnte byggepladeenheder dannes en flade, der 20 svarer til en sædvanlig notforbindelsesflade, men som har den fordel, at den ikke kræver sømning, limning eller en afstivende ramme, idet bæreevne og stivhed er iboende egenskaber. Dette er betegnet som en byggeplade.By means of said building plate units, a surface is formed which corresponds to a conventional groove connection surface, but which has the advantage that it does not require seaming, gluing or a stiffening frame, bearing capacity and rigidity are inherent properties. This is referred to as a building board.

Teoretisk kan notforbindelsens forbindelsesretning mellem bjælken 1 25 og pladen enten være i pladens plan eller vinkelret på denne, dvs. i normalens retning. I sidstnævnte tilfælde er notforbindelsen ikke fast i den bærende retning for bjælken, der under belastning bliver bøjet en lille smule, hvilket ville være tilstrækkeligt til løsning af forbindelsen. Endvidere udnytter den nævnte notforbindelse ikke overflade-30 styrken for en sædvanlig spånplade, der er en af de mest almindelige pladetyper, der anvendes ved husbygning, men i stedet afhænger den af styrken i selve pladen, dvs. vinkelret på dennes overflade, hvor en sådan plade er svagest. Af disse to grunde vil en notforbindelse, 6Theoretically, the connection direction of the groove connection between the beam 1 25 and the plate can either be in the plane of the plate or perpendicular thereto, ie. in the direction of normalcy. In the latter case, the groove connection is not fixed in the supporting direction of the beam, which is bent slightly under load, which would be sufficient to dissolve the connection. Furthermore, said groove connection does not utilize the surface strength of a conventional chipboard, which is one of the most common types of board used in house building, but instead it depends on the strength of the board itself, ie. perpendicular to its surface, where such plate is weakest. For these two reasons, a groove connection, 6

DK 152550 BDK 152550 B

der går i retning vinkelret på pladens plan, være uegnet ved fremstilling af en byggeplade. En sådan notforbindelsen kan heller ikke modstå en kraft i retning bort fra denne plades overflade forårsaget f.eks. af et pludseligt fald i lufttrykket eller af vægten af hylder 5 eller andre dele, der er ophængt på fladen. En notforbindelse i pladens plan skal ikke overføre sådanne kræfter, idet den er fast i normalens retning, hvilket er en nødvendig betingelse for overføring af bjælkens bæreevne til pladen, da modstandsevnen går i denne modsatte retning. Desuden tillader notforbindelsen den ovenfor omtalte 10 bøjning og gør også brug af spånpladens overfladestyrke.which goes in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the slab, being unsuitable in the manufacture of a building slab. Also, such groove connection cannot withstand a force in the direction away from the surface of this plate caused e.g. by a sudden drop in air pressure or by the weight of shelves 5 or other parts suspended on the surface. A groove connection in the plane of the plate should not transmit such forces as it is fixed in the direction of normal, which is a necessary condition for transferring the bearing capacity of the beam to the plate as the resistance goes in this opposite direction. In addition, the groove connection permits the bending mentioned above and also makes use of the chipboard's surface strength.

Byggepladen ifølge opfindelsen samles på byggepladsen derved, at bjælken 1 anbringes mod fladen 2's kant eller vice versa, og not-forbindelsen effektueres ved, at disse enheder presses sammen. Dette indebærer, at selve byggepladen bestemmer bjælken 1's placering, 15 hvorfor opmåling er unødvendig. Da den "tværgående" notforbindelse endvidere tjener samme formål som sømning, sparer man det arbejde, der er forbundet med opmåling og sammensømning af rammen samt ved sømning, forsænkning af sømmene, udfyldning af sømhullerne og slibning ved fremstilling af dette nye produkt, nemlig byggepladen.The building board according to the invention is assembled on the building site by placing the beam 1 against the edge or vice versa of the surface 2, and the groove connection is effected by compressing these units. This implies that the building plate itself determines the location of the beam 1, which is why measurement is unnecessary. Furthermore, since the "transverse" groove joint serves the same purpose as nailing, it saves the work associated with measuring and seaming the frame as well as in seaming, recessing the seams, filling the seam holes and grinding in the manufacture of this new product, namely the construction plate.

20 Notforbindelsens udformning og konstruktion afhænger af omstændighederne, f.eks. pladens tykkelse og bæreevne og af den ønskede karakter af overfladen, f.eks. om bjælken skal være skjult eller synlig mellem pladerne eller flugte med pladernes plan. Det er vigtigt, at notgangen er snæver nok til at hindre bevægelse af pladen i 25 den bærende retning på trods af naturlig krympning, men stadig bred nok til at gøre samlingen passende let og til at muliggøre demontering uden beskadigelse.The design and construction of the groove joint depends on the circumstances, e.g. the thickness and bearing capacity of the sheet and of the desired nature of the surface, e.g. whether the beam should be hidden or visible between the boards or aligned with the plane of the boards. It is important that the groove is narrow enough to prevent movement of the plate in the carrying direction despite natural shrinkage, but still wide enough to make the assembly suitably light and to allow disassembly without damage.

Disse krav er modstridende, og af den grund er den i fig. 2 viste notforbindelse vigtig, idet den tillader montering ved to trin, af 30 hvilke det andet trin indebærer to parallelle, på hver side af notforbindelsen anbragte kontaktflader, der ikke ligger over for hinanden og følgelig udøver en bøjningskraft på den not, der udfylder notgangen. I en sådan notforbindelse udnyttes træets elasticitet med det formål at opnå en fast forankring i notgangen. Endvidere tilladerThese claims are contradictory and, for that reason, the one shown in FIG. 2 is important in that it permits mounting at two stages, of which the second stage involves two parallel, non-opposite contact surfaces arranged on each side of the groove connection and consequently exert a bending force on the groove that fills the groove. In such a groove connection, the elasticity of the tree is utilized for the purpose of obtaining a firm anchor in the groove. Furthermore, allow

Claims

A plate structure having at least one surface plate (3) and at least one supporting beam (1) bordering and supporting the back of the plate, one edge of which adjoins the beam and extending parallel to its longitudinal axis, said edge being connected to the beam 20 by means of a groove connection (4), the direction of assembly extending parallel to the surface of the plate and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam, characterized in that the groove connection (4) is a friction groove connection, wherein at least part of the spring and / or groove passage in the groove connection is tapered in the assembly direction.

Plate construction according to claim 1, characterized in that only the outer end part of the spring and / or the inner part of the groove is tapered. DK 152550B

Plate construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring is formed on the surface plate (2) and that the groove is formed in the supporting beam (1).

Plate construction according to claims 3, 5, characterized in that it further has a second spring formed on the supporting beam (1) and a corresponding second groove formed in the surface plate (2) and said second spring and / or said the second groove is formed with a tapered outer end part and a tapered inner part respectively.

Plate construction according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that a groove connection is formed on each side of the supporting beam (1) at least at one end of the beam.

It is clear that the building board according to the invention can be used in connection with material other than wood, although the invention has been described above in connection with wooden boards. The 4-8 mounted units can be attached to other structures by means of a positioning piece 5 fixed by 10 conventional seams. FIG. 9 and 10 show embodiments in which the beam is provided with a portion projecting in the direction of the plate with a thickness which makes it possible to fix or screw this part and thus the beam to a wall, pillar or other support.

15 PATENT REQUIREMENTS

Plate construction according to any one of claims 1-4, 15, characterized in that a groove connection is formed on both sides thereof on both ends of the supporting beam (1).

Plate structure according to claim 6 with at least one supporting beam, characterized in that it has formed a groove connection at both its ends and on one side.