DK151521B

DK151521B - APPLIANCES FOR THE PURPOSE OF POWDER, GRANULATE AND SIMILAR MATERIAL FROM A CONTAINER.

Info

Publication number: DK151521B
Application number: DK112683A
Authority: DK
Inventors: No Jan Bjarne Norheim; Jostein Eikeland
Original assignee: Serigstad As
Priority date: 1982-03-10
Filing date: 1983-03-08
Publication date: 1987-12-14
Also published as: NO151856C; GB2116527A; DK112683D0; FI830793L; DE3307544C2; GB2116527B; FI76988B; FI76988C; DE3307544A1; GB8305582D0; NO820755L; NO151856B; FI830793A0; DK112683A; DK151521C

Description

151521 i151521 i

Opfindelsen angår et apparat til udtømning af pulver, granulat og lignende materiale fra en beholder. Appa-ratet ifølge opfindelsen vil kunne anvendes i mange sammenhænge, men er særligt velegnet til anvendelse 5 ved tilsætning af konserveringssalt til foder, som skal hengemmes i en silo. En sådan tilsætning udføres sædvanligvis ved at udstrø saltet på foderet ved håndkraft, og dette giver en dårlig fordeling af saltet og en dårlig indblanding i foderet. Der kendes 10 apparater til dette formål; men disse er relativt komplicerede, udstyret med elektromotor og for dyre til, at de har fundet almen anvendelse. De kendte apparater har for store spring mellem indstillingstrinene for udtømningen. Desuden opstår der i apparater-15 ne brodannelser i saltet, og dermed følger stop i tilførslen af salt, såfremt apparatet bruges på eller sammen med maskiner, der ikke giver en vis vibration.The invention relates to an apparatus for discharging powder, granulate and similar material from a container. The apparatus according to the invention can be used in many contexts, but is particularly suitable for use in the addition of preservative salt to feed to be hung in a silo. Such an addition is usually carried out by sprinkling the salt on the feed by hand, and this results in a poor distribution of the salt and a poor interference with the feed. 10 appliances are known for this purpose; but these are relatively complicated, equipped with an electric motor and too expensive to have found general use. The known devices have too large jumps between the setting steps for the discharge. In addition, the apparatus creates bridges in the salt, and thus stops the supply of salt if the apparatus is used on or in conjunction with machines which do not give a certain vibration.

Formålet med opfindelsen er at frembringe et enkelt 20 og effektivt apparat, der kan dosere pulver, granulat og lignende materiale i en trinløst indstillelig, jævn strøm. Apparatet tænkes fortrinsvis brugt på forskellige slags foderhøstere eller transportapparater til høstning eller transport af foder, som skal 25 konserveres.The object of the invention is to provide a simple and effective apparatus capable of dosing powder, granulate and similar material in an infinitely adjustable, even flow. Preferably, the apparatus is intended to be used on various kinds of forage harvesters or conveyors for harvesting or transporting fodder to be preserved.

Formålet nås ifølge opfindelsen med et apparat, der er ejendommeligt ved de i patentkrav 1 angivne kendetegn. Et sådant apparat er konstruktivt enkel i sin 30 udformning, og det fungerer effektivt, blandt andet på grurid af føleren og ikke mindst takket være omrø- reren, der forhindrer materialet, der skal doseres, i at danne bro i beholderen og derved sikrer en jævn tilførsel af salt til doseringsorganerne, som er ind- 2 151521 rettet til at sørge for en trinløst justerbar strøm af salt eller andet materiale.According to the invention, the object is achieved by an apparatus peculiar to the features of claim 1. Such an apparatus is structurally simple in its design, and it works effectively, among other things, on the grurid of the sensor and not least thanks to the agitator which prevents the material to be dosed from forming a bridge in the container, thereby ensuring an even supply of salt to the metering means adapted to provide a continuously adjustable flow of salt or other material.

En udførelsesform af opfindelsen med de i krav 2 an-5 givne ejendommeligheder er fordelagtig ved sin enkelhed i den mekaniske konstruktion, nærmere bestemt konstruktionen af overføringsmekanismen mellem føleren og den øvre tilførselsplade.An embodiment of the invention with the features set forth in claim 2 is advantageous in its simplicity in the mechanical construction, in particular the construction of the transfer mechanism between the sensor and the upper supply plate.

10 Krav 3 angiver en fordelagtig udførelsesform af føleren. Ved at indstille føleren i højden ved at skyde den op eller ned i en holder, kan man opnå et til de aktuelle forhold passende modtryk på føleren. Dette medvirker til, at apparatet ifølge opfindelsen med 15 større sikkerhed arbejder effektivt og driftsikkert.Claim 3 indicates an advantageous embodiment of the sensor. By adjusting the height of the sensor by sliding it up or down in a holder, you can obtain a suitable back pressure on the sensor. This helps the apparatus according to the invention to operate more efficiently and reliably with greater safety.

Af krav 4 fremgår ejendommeligheder, der gør apparatet ifølge opfindelsen særligt velegnet til montage på og anvendelse i forbindelse med forskellige foder-20 høstmaskiner eller lignende maskiner til høstning eller transport af foder, der skal konserveres.Claim 4 discloses peculiarities which make the apparatus according to the invention particularly suitable for mounting and use in connection with various fodder-harvesting machines or similar machines for harvesting or transporting fodder to be preserved.

Udformes apparatet ifølge opfindelsen med den i krav 5 beskrevne ejendommelighed, opnår man en særlig ef-25 fektivitet og driftssikkerhed, når apparatet skal anvendes til saltning af fodermateriale, idet den definerede dyse sikrer en særlig gunstig indblanding af saltet fra beholderen i foderet.If the apparatus according to the invention is designed with the characteristic described in claim 5, a particular efficiency and reliability is obtained when the apparatus is to be used for salting of feed material, the defined nozzle ensuring a particularly favorable mixing of the salt from the container into the feed.

30 Et eksempel på en udførelsesform af opfindelsen er skematisk vist på tegningen, hvori:An example of an embodiment of the invention is schematically shown in the drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 viser et snit gennem en del af en foderhøster med et påmonteret apparat ifølge 3 151521 opfindelsen, ogFIG. 1 is a sectional view of a portion of a forage harvester with a mounted apparatus according to the invention, and

Fig. 2 viser en principskitse af de fleste af ap-paratets forskellige dele set ovenfra.FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the various parts of the apparatus.

5 På tegningen betegner henvisningstallet 1 en del af en foderhøster med et påmonteret apparat 2 med en saltdoseringsmekanisme 3, der aktiveres af en drejelig føler 4, som føres gennem græsset foran foder-10 høsteren. Saltet føres ned i en kanal 5, der fører det frem til en dyse 6, hvor det møder strømmen 7 af grøntfoder og blandes ind i denne.In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a portion of a forage harvester with a mounted apparatus 2 having a salt dosing mechanism 3 actuated by a pivotal sensor 4 which is passed through the grass in front of the forage 10 harvester. The salt is fed into a channel 5 which leads it to a nozzle 6 where it meets the stream 7 of green fodder and is mixed into it.

Apparatets beholder 8 har et sold 9, som skal forhin-15 dre, at klumper, der kan føre til tilstopning, kommer ned i doseringsmekanismen 3. Doseringsmekanismen 3 har en øvre doseringsplade 10. Denne er udformet med en omrører 11, der skal forhindre saltet i at danne bro i beholderen 8 på en sådan måde, at det ikke lø-20 ber ud. Den øvre doseringsplade 10 er udformet med et hul 12 og er centralt forbundet med en tilnærmelsesvis lodret drejelig aksel 13, der igen er forbundet med den ene ende af en vandret udragende, første arm 14. Den anden ende af armen 14 er drejeligt forbundet 25 med den ene ende af en stang 15, hvis anden ende er drejeligt forbundet med føleren 4, som holdes i sin udgangsstilling af en fjeder 16. Når foderhøsteren køres fremad i pilens 17 retning, vil græsset på marken påvirke føleren 4, således at dennes nedre ende 30 svinges bagover, og den vil gennem stangen 15 påvirke armen 14 således, at den øvre doseringsplade 10 drejes. Følgelig vil omrøreren 11 røre rundt i saltmassen i beholderen 8 og bryde eventuelle brodannelser, samtidigt med, at hullet 12 i den øvre doseringsplade 4 151521 10 føres ind over et hul 18 i den nedre doseringsplade 19 til den stilling, der giver ønsket doseringshastighed, samtidigt med at omrøringen, som holder . saltmassen i bevægelse og forhindrer brodannelse, 5 fortsætter, idet føleren 4 pendler frem og tilbage, så længe foderhøsteren er i bevægelse. Saltet løber ned i kanalen 5 og ind i maskinen gennem dysen 6, hvis mundstykke er således udformet, at det nederst danner en given vinkel a med maskinsiden 1 for at le-10 de det høstede foder forbi dysen 6 uden at stoppe denne og for endvidere at give en gunstig vinkel for indblandingen af saltet i foderet. På akslen 13 er der drejeligt lejret et rør 20, som øverst er fastgjort til den nedre doseringsplade 19. Til rørets 20 15 nederste ende er den ene af ende af en anden udragende arm 21 fastgjort. En reguleringsskrue 22 med et håndtag 23 er ført gennem armens 21 frie ende. Den anden arm 21 holdes holdes i sin udgangsstilling imod en fast knast 24 på apparatets 2 nedre del ved hjælp 20 af en fjeder 25. Til den drejelige aksels 13 nederste ende er der endvidere fastgjort den ene ende af en tredie arm 26, der i sin frie ende er udformet med et anslag 27, som er indrettet til at samvirke med reguleringsskruen 22 på den anden arm 21.The container 8 of the apparatus has a screen 9 which is intended to prevent lumps which may cause clogging into the metering mechanism 3. The metering mechanism 3 has an upper metering plate 10. This is provided with an agitator 11 for preventing the salt. in bridging the container 8 in such a way that it does not run out. The upper metering plate 10 is formed with a hole 12 and is centrally connected to an approximately vertically rotatable shaft 13, which in turn is connected to one end of a horizontal projecting first arm 14. The other end of the arm 14 is pivotally connected 25 to one end of a rod 15, the other end of which is pivotally connected to the sensor 4 which is held in its initial position by a spring 16. As the forage harvester is driven forward in the direction of arrow 17, the grass on the field will affect the sensor 4 so that its lower end 30 is pivoted backward and through the rod 15 it will actuate the arm 14 so that the upper dosing plate 10 is rotated. Accordingly, the agitator 11 will stir in the salt mass in the container 8 and break any bridges, at the same time as the hole 12 in the upper dosing plate 4 is inserted over a hole 18 in the lower dosing plate 19 to the position giving the desired dosing rate, simultaneously. with the stirring that holds. the salt mass moves and prevents bridging, 5 continues, as the sensor 4 oscillates back and forth as long as the forage harvester is in motion. The salt runs down the channel 5 and into the machine through the nozzle 6, the nozzle of which is designed to form at the bottom a given angle α with the machine side 1 to guide the harvested feed past the nozzle 6 without stopping it and furthermore to provide a favorable angle for the incorporation of the salt into the feed. On the shaft 13, a tube 20 is pivotally mounted at the top to the lower dosing plate 19. At the bottom end of the tube 20, one end of another projecting arm 21 is attached. A control screw 22 with a handle 23 is passed through the free end of the arm 21. The second arm 21 is held in its initial position against a fixed cam 24 on the lower part of the apparatus 2 by means of a spring 25. To the lower end of the pivot shaft 13 is furthermore attached one end of a third arm 26 which in its free end is formed with a stop 27 arranged to cooperate with the adjusting screw 22 on the second arm 21.

25 Når den første arm 14 bevæges af føleren 4 gennem stangen 15, vil den første arm 14 dreje akslen 13 og dermed den øvre doseringsplade 10 og den tredie arm 26. Anslaget 27 på den tredie arm 26 vil derved støde 30 mod reguleringsskruen 22 og skyde denne samt den anden arm 21, røret 20 og den nedre doseringsplade 19 med sig. Dette bevirker, at en større eller mindre del af hullet 12 i den øvre doseringsplade 10 kommer ind over hullet 18 i den nedre doseringsplade 19, før 151521 5 den øvre og den nedre doseringsplade 10 og 19 begynder at dreje sig synkront, alt efter hvordan reguleringsskruen 22 er indstillet. Det vil uden videre kunne indses, at gennemløbsåbningen gennem den øvre 5 og den nedre doseringsplade 10, 19 kan reguleres ved hjælp af reguleringsskruen 22, uden at følerens 4 vandring begrænses. Der indstilles til en lille gennemløbsåbning, når det er små mængder og finkornet materiale, der skal doseres, og til stor gennemløbs-10 åbning, når store mængder skal doseres. Det er indlysende, at doseringspladerne 10, 19 vil kunne udformes med flere huller 12 henholdsvis 18, hvis det for eksempel er aktuelt at øge doseringskapaciteten. Hullerne 12, 18 kan endvidere være sektorformede for at 15 give større maksimal doseringskapacitet.25 When the first arm 14 is moved by the sensor 4 through the rod 15, the first arm 14 will rotate the shaft 13 and thus the upper dosing plate 10 and the third arm 26. The abutment 27 on the third arm 26 will thereby strike 30 against the control screw 22 and shoot this as well as the second arm 21, the tube 20 and the lower dosing plate 19. This causes a larger or smaller portion of the hole 12 in the upper dosing plate 10 to enter over the hole 18 in the lower dosing plate 19 before the upper and lower dosing plates 10 and 19 begin to rotate synchronously, depending on how the adjusting screw 22 is set. It will be readily appreciated that the passage opening through the upper 5 and the lower dosing plate 10, 19 can be regulated by means of the adjusting screw 22 without limiting the travel of the sensor 4. It is set for a small passage opening when small amounts and fine-grained material is to be dosed, and for large passage opening when large quantities are to be dosed. It is obvious that the dosing plates 10, 19 can be formed with several holes 12 and 18, respectively, if, for example, it is necessary to increase the dosing capacity. The holes 12, 18 may further be sector-shaped to provide greater maximum dosing capacity.

Føleren 4 vil på grund af den varierende modstand fra græsset pendle noget frem og tilbage og således stadig bevæge omrøreren 11, uden at gennemløbsåbningen 20 gennem den øvre og nedre doseringsplade 10, 19 forandres. For at opnå et passende modtryk på føleren 4 kan denne indstilles i højden ved at skyde den op eller ned i en holder 28. 1 2 3 4 5 6The sensor 4, due to the varying resistance of the grass, will swing slightly back and forth and thus still move the agitator 11 without changing the passage opening 20 through the upper and lower dosing plate 10, 19. To obtain a suitable back pressure on the sensor 4, it can be adjusted in height by sliding it up or down in a holder 28. 1 2 3 4 5 6

For let at kunne demontere apparatet 2 fra foderhøst- 2 eren 1, for eksempel når apparatet 2 skal tømmes for 3 tilbageblevet indhold, er apparatet 2 fastgjort til 4 foderhøsteren 1 ved hjælp af en spændeplade 29, til 5 hvilken selve apparatet 2 fastholdes ved hjælp af 6 klemmeorganer 30 og en fjederbelastet låsebolt 31, der kan løsnes ved håndkraft. En tætningsring 32 sørger for tætning mellem apparatet 2 og foderhøsteren 1. Ved at trække låsebolten 31 ud kan apparatet 2 tippes fremover samtidigt med, at stangen 15 automa- 151521 6 tisk kobles ud af indgrebet med den første arm 14, idet en hage 33 holder stangen 15 oppe, og apparatet 2 kan derefter fjernes fra foderhøsteren 1.In order to be able to easily dismantle the apparatus 2 from the feed harvester 2, for example, when the apparatus 2 is to be emptied of 3 remaining contents, the apparatus 2 is attached to the 4 forage harvester 1 by means of a clamping plate 29, to which the apparatus 2 itself is held by means of of 6 clamping means 30 and a spring-loaded locking bolt 31 which can be loosened by hand. A sealing ring 32 provides for sealing between the apparatus 2 and the forage harvester 1. By pulling out the locking bolt 31, the apparatus 2 can be tipped forward at the same time as the rod 15 is automatically disengaged from the engagement with the first arm 14, with a hook 33 holding the rod 15 up and the apparatus 2 can then be removed from the forage harvester 1.

5 Når apparatet 2 anvendes i forbindelse med andre maskiner, kan følerens 4 bevægelser erstattes med en forbindelse til en mekanisme, der vil give en tilsvarende pulserende bevægelse. Der kan også anvendes en elektrisk motor eller aktivator, som ved hjælp af au-10 tomatiske impulser giver den ønskede, pulserende bevægelse, og som stopper, når strømmen afbrydes. Som føler for at registrere, om der er foder tilstede, kan en mekanisk afbryder anvendes, eller man kan anvende fotoelektrisk registrering.When the apparatus 2 is used in conjunction with other machines, the movements of the sensor 4 can be replaced by a connection to a mechanism which will give a corresponding pulsating movement. An electric motor or activator can also be used which gives the desired pulsed motion by means of automatic pulses and which stops when the power is cut off. As a sensor to detect if feed is present, a mechanical switch can be used or photoelectric recording can be used.

Claims

151521

Apparatus (2) for dispensing powder, granulate or similar material from a container (8), and in particular, but not exclusively intended for use in the addition of preservative salt to feed to be stored in a silo, characterized in that: disposed in the bottom of the container (8) is one or more sets of metering plates (10, 19), each formed with a 10 or more openings (12, 18), and the metering plates (10, 19) from a starting position, wherein they together form a tight bottom in the container (8), which can be displaced by pulses from one or more movable sensors (4) or other pulse sensors relative to each other until a preferably larger or smaller part of the openings ( 12, 18) in the upper and lower dosing plate (10, 19) cover each other, after which the dosing plates (10, 19) are shifted synchronously, for stepwise back and forth, whereby an agitator is connected to the upper 20 dosing plate (10). such that this performs stirring movements when the do the plate (10) is displaced.

Apparatus (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper dosing plate 10 is fixed to a shaft (13) pivotally mounted in a tube (20) which in turn is pivotally mounted preferably in the lower part of the the apparatus (2), the tube (20) being fixed at the top to the lower metering plate (19) which abuts the upper metering plate (10), while at the same time affixing to the rotatable shaft (13) one end of a first protruding arm (14), the free end of which is pivotally connected to one end of a rod (15), the other end of which is pivotally connected to the sensor (4) held in the starting position preferably by a first spring (16), further to which is attached to the tube (20) one end of another protruding arm (21), the free end of which is provided with an adjusting means, for example a control screw (22), and the other the projecting arm is held in its initial position against a fixed cam (24) on the lower part of the apparatus (2), preferably a second spring (25), and to the rotatable shaft (13) is further affixed to one end of a third arm (26), the free end of which is formed, for example, with a stop (27) which is adapted to cooperate with the regulating means (22) on the second protruding arm (21) when the sensor (4) is actuated and pressed backwardly against the spring forces (16, 25) and laterally held in preferably reciprocating rotational movement .

Apparatus (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor (4) is adjustable in height, which is adapted to be displaceable up or down in a holder (28).

Apparatus (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the apparatus (2) is adapted to be mounted, for example, on a forage harvester (1) or a similar machine by means of a clamping plate (29), to which the device (2) itself is held, preferably with pressure clamps (30) and a spring-loaded 30 locking bolt (31) which can be loosened by hand so that the device (2) can be tipped over, while the rod (15) is automatically switched off by engagement with the first projecting arm (14), having a hook (33) or a similar means holding the rod 151521 (15) up, after which the apparatus (2) can be removed from the forage harvester (1) or other equipment such as the apparatus (2) must be mounted on.

Apparatus (2) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus (2) is provided with a nozzle (6) which is connected to the inner wall of the forage harvester (1) at a hole therein. connecting to the outlet channel (5) of the apparatus (2), the nozzle (6) of the nozzle (6) being designed to form at a given angle a at the machine side (1) at a size such that the harvested feed will be guided past the nozzle (6) without stopping it.