DK151354B

DK151354B - GUIDELINE FOR CONNECTING TWO ROOTS

Info

Publication number: DK151354B
Application number: DK250083A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Wilfried Nonnenmacher
Original assignee: Iwk Regler Kompensatoren
Priority date: 1982-06-03
Filing date: 1983-06-02
Publication date: 1987-11-23
Also published as: DK250083A; DK151354C; EP0096198A2; DE3220811A1; EP0096198B1; ATE29285T1; EP0096198A3; DK250083D0; DE3220811C2

Abstract

1. Articulated pipe section with at least two bellows (13, 15, 53) in each case arranged between two pipe portions (17, 17', 19, 21) each of which has an arm part (31, 31', 25', 23, 25) and two arm parts (23, 25, 25', 31, 31', 55) of adjacent pipe portions (17, 17', 19, 21) are interconnected in articulated manner, characterized in that each pipe portion (17, 17') arranged between two bellows (13, 15, 53) is completely projected over by its arm part (31, 31', 257) and that two arm parts (31, 31', 25', 23', 25, 55), which are separated by a pipe portion (17, 17') and two bellows (13, 15, 53), are so interconnected in conformal manner by meshing tooth systems (47, 49, 61, 63) or (69, 71) constructed on the ends, that the deflection of the bellows (13, 15, 53) during each overall deflection coincides.

Description

i 151354in 151354

Opfindelsen angår et ledelement af den i krav l's indledning angivne art.The invention relates to a guide element of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Et sådant ledelement er kendt fra FR-patentskrift nr.Such a guide member is known from FR patent specification no.

21 06 751 og består af to bælglegemer, der er forbun-5 det med hinanden via et mellemliggende rørstykke og ved deres bort fra det andet bælglegeme vendende ender har rørtilslutningsstykker med ringflanger, til hvilke er fastsvejset en rigel, der tjener som mellemstykke for over og under denne anbragte armdele, af hvilke 10 armdelene på den mod røret vendende side er længere end armdelene på den bort fra røret vendende side af rigelen. Armdelene er forbundet parvis ved hjælp af bolte, til hvilke er hængslet armdele, som via ring-flanger er fastsvejset til det nævnte rørstykke. Til 15 enden af en udragende armdel er fastsvejset to paral lelle, i indbyrdes afstand beliggende forlængelser, der bærer en bolt, som er i indgreb med en gaffelformet udsparing i de andre udragende armdele. Da bolten er fastgjort til en armdel, ændres ved vinkeludbøjning 20 den anden armdels længde regnet fra armdelens fastgø relsespunkt til dens indgreb med bolten, så at der for de to bælglegemer fås uens vinkeludbøjninger, hvilket indebærer, at den ene bælg påvirkes på anden måde end den anden. De to bælge vil således ved længere varende 25 belastning have forskellig lang levetid.21 06 751 and consists of two bellows bodies which are connected to each other via an intermediate pipe piece and at their ends facing away from the other bellows body have pipe connection pieces with annular flanges, to which is attached a bolt which serves as an intermediate piece for over and below this are arm portions, of which the 10 arm portions on the side facing the tube are longer than the arm portions on the side facing away from the pipe. The arm portions are connected in pairs by means of bolts to which are hinged arm portions which are welded via ring flanges to said pipe piece. To the end of a protruding arm member are welded two parallel, spaced extensions bearing a bolt which engages a fork-shaped recess in the other protruding arm portions. Since the bolt is attached to an arm portion, at angular deflection 20 the length of the other arm portion, calculated from the point of attachment of the arm portion, is changed to its engagement with the bolt, so that the two bellows bodies are provided with different angular deflections, implying that one bellows is affected differently the other. Thus, the two bellows will have different longevity at longer 25 loads.

Det er foreliggende opfindelses formål at tilvejebringe et ledelement af den angivne art, der er af enklere konstruktion end de kendte og er således indrettet, at der ved simpel overførsel selv af aksiale kræfter 30 fås en ensartet vinkelbelastning af de to bælglegemer.It is an object of the present invention to provide a guiding element of the aforementioned kind which is of simpler construction than the known ones and is arranged so that by simple transfer even of axial forces 30 a uniform angular load of the two bellows bodies is obtained.

Bælgelementet skal endvidere være således indrettet, at der ved enkle midler kan placeres flere bælglegemer i forlængelse af hinanden. Ovennævnte formål opnås ved det i krav l's kendetegnende del angivne. Sådanne tæn- 2 151354 der er i for sig kendt fra DE-offentliggørelsesskrift 23 51 539, men disse tænder tjener kun til at mindske friktionskræfterne mellem bolten og armene til undgåelse af rivning inden for ledforbindelsen samt kantpres-5 ning. Ved vinkeludbøjning skal friktionskræfterne mindskes. I dette øjemed erstattes boltene med de nævnte tænder. Det nævnte offentliggørelsesskrift giver ikke nogen tilskyndelse til videreudvikling af den fra FR-pa-tentskrift 21 06 751 kendte genstand.The bellows element must furthermore be arranged so that by simple means several bellows bodies can be placed in succession. The above object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1. Such teeth as are known per se from DE Publication 23 51 539, but these teeth serve only to reduce the frictional forces between the bolt and the arms to avoid tearing within the joint and edge pressing. When angular deflection, frictional forces must be reduced. For this purpose, the bolts are replaced with said teeth. The said publication does not encourage any further development of the object known from FR Patent Publication 21 06 751.

10 Ved ledelementet ifølge foreliggende opfindelse opnås en væsentlig øgning af vinkelbevægelsen inden for en forudbestemt bøjningsstyrke, der med henblik på driftsbetingelserne som regel er bestemt ved den enkelte bælgs geometri. Ved ledelementet ifølge opfindelsen kan der 15 anvendes flere bælge, som kan påvirkes op til det tilla delige maksimale bøjningstryk. Man undgår overbelastning af en bælg, idet alle bælge påvirkes tilnærmelsesvis lige meget. Ledelementet ifølge opfindelsen har den store fordel, at det praktisk taget kan danne en hvil-20 ken som helst vinkel. Ledelementet kan have to eller flere bælge. Selv med kun tre bælge kan ledelementet danne en vinkel på over 45°. Bælgene belastes ens. Ved hjælp af de på armenes frie ender udformede, i hinanden indgribende tænder sikres en yderst pålidelig ens-25 artet bevægelse, idet et vinkelmoment, der påvirker en bælg og fremkalder en vinkelbevægelse af denne, umiddelbart overføres til de andre bælge, så at alle bælge på grund af det disse påvirkende vinkelmoment udfører samme vinkelbevægelse, og en enkelt bælg ikke skal op-30 tage hele vinkelbevægelsen, medens de andre bælge endnu ikke belastes.By the guiding element of the present invention, a substantial increase in angular motion is obtained within a predetermined bending strength, which, for the operating conditions, is usually determined by the geometry of the individual bellows. In the guiding element according to the invention, several bellows can be used which can be actuated up to the allowable maximum bending pressure. The overload of a bellows is avoided as all bellows are affected approximately equally. The link element according to the invention has the great advantage that it can practically form any angle. The guide member may have two or more bellows. Even with only three bellows, the guide element can form an angle of over 45 °. The pods are loaded equally. By means of the mutually engaging teeth formed at the free ends of the arms, a highly reliable uniform motion is ensured, an angular momentum affecting a bellows and an angular movement thereof being immediately transmitted to the other bellows, so that all bellows because of this, these affecting angular momentum performs the same angular motion, and a single bellows does not have to absorb the entire angular motion while the other bellows are not yet loaded.

Ledelementet kan ifølge opfindelsen have anslag til begrænsning af armenes indbyrdes vinkelbevægelser. Såfremt der ved enderne af de via en mellemarm forbundne 3 151354 arme findes formsluttende ledforbindelser, giver anslagene yderligere sikkerhed, idet den samlede ledkompensa-tors vinkelbevægelighed som regel er således dimensioneret, at kompensatoren i et system fuldstændigt kan opta-5 ge de påvirkende maksimale vinkelmomenter, uden at den overbelastes.According to the invention, the guide member may have stops for limiting the angular movements of the arms. If at the ends of the arms connected by an intermediate arm there are molding articulated joints, the stops provide additional security, since the angular movement of the joint articulator is usually dimensioned so that the compensator in a system can fully absorb the influencing maximum angular moments. , without overloading it.

Ifølge opfindelsen kan anslagene være udformet i området ved hængslingsled til indbyrdes svingelig forbindelse af armene, idet der f.eks. kan findes ledbolte med en 10 sideansats, der er bevægelig inden for et bestemt vin kelområde i en not til siden for ansatsens gennemførings-hul og derved begrænser den relative vinkelbevægelse mellem de ved dette ledsted forbundne to dele. Anslagene kan også være udformet som langhuller, der sikrer en 15 aksial bevægelse af ledforbindelseselementer.According to the invention, the stops may be formed in the region of the hinged link for mutually pivotal connection of the arms, e.g. For example, articulated bolts may be provided with a side shaft movable within a particular angular region of a groove to the side of the perforation hole, thereby limiting the relative angular movement between the two portions associated with this shaft location. The stops may also be configured as long holes which ensure an axial movement of articulated joints.

Såfremt det skal forhindres, at tænderne kommer ud af indgreb med hinanden ved en vinkeludbøjning ud over bælgenes maksimalt tilladelige bøjningspåvirkning, findes der et anslag enten i området ved tænderne eller 20 i området ved ledforbindelserne, hvilket anslag holder to med hinanden ledforbundne armes relative vinkelbevægelse inden for et bestemt område.If it is to prevent the teeth from engaging with each other at an angular deflection beyond the maximum allowable bending influence of the bellows, there is an impact either in the region of the teeth or in the region of the articulated joints, which stop maintains the relative angular movement of two interconnected arms before for a specific area.

I det følgende forklares opfindelsen nærmere ved hjælp af tegningen, hvor 1 fig. 1 er et partielt snit i en første udførelsesform for ledelementet ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 viser samme, set fra oven, fig. 3 ligeledes set fra oven viser ledelementet i en udbøjet vinkelstilling, 4 151354 fig. 4 er et til fig. 1 svarende snit i en anden udførelsesform for elementet, fig. 5 viser samme, set fra oven, og fig. 6 viser udførelsesformen ifølge fig. 4 og 5 i en 5 vinkelstilling.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a first embodiment of the guide element according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of the same, FIG. 3 is also a top view of the guide member in an extended angular position, FIG. 4 is a view of FIG. 1 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the element; FIG. 5 shows the same from above, and FIG. 6 shows the embodiment of FIG. 4 and 5 in a 5 angular position.

Fig. 1-3 viser et ledelement 11 med to bælge 13 og 15, hvis mod hinanden vendende ender er forbundet ved hjælp af et mellem bælgene beliggende rørafsnit 17, og hvis modsatte ender er forbundet med hvert sit tilslutnings-10 rør henholdsvis 19 og 21. På tilslutningsrørene 19, 21 er via på disse forankrede fastgørelsesorganer 27, 29, f.eks. plader, ribber eller flanger fastgjort arme 23, 25, der er rettet mod hinanden. På tegningen ses kun to til hvert sit rør 19, 21 fastgjorte arme 23, 25.FIG. 1-3 show a guide member 11 with two bellows 13 and 15, the opposite ends of which are connected by means of a pipe section 17 located between the bellows and the opposite ends of which are connected to each of their connecting pipes 19 and 21 respectively. the connecting pipes 19, 21 are via these anchored fasteners 27, 29, e.g. plates, ribs or flanges affixed to arms 23, 25 facing each other. In the drawing, there are only two arms 19, 21 attached to each of the tubes 19, 21.

15 Diametralt over for disse findes på rørene 19, 21 tilsvarende arme. Armene er på kendt vis parvis svingeligt forbundet med hinanden ved hjælp af en arm 31, der strækker sig mellem de to arme 23 og 25 og er ledforbundet med disse ved 33 og 35 via en hængslingstap henholdsvis 20 37 og 39. Forbindelsesarmen 31, der har to på hver sin side af armene 23, 25 beliggende vægge, er via en ribbe 41 forbundet med det midterste rørafsnit 17.15 Diametrically opposite these are found on the pipes 19, 21 corresponding arms. The arms are, in a known manner, pairwise coupled to each other by means of an arm 31 extending between the two arms 23 and 25 and connected thereto at 33 and 35 via a hinging pin 20 37 and 39 respectively. The connecting arm 31 having two walls on each side of the arms 23, 25 are connected via a rib 41 to the middle pipe section 17.

Armene 23 og 25 har fra ledstederne 33, 35 mod hinanden ragende endepartier 43, 45, hvis mod hinanden vendende 25 frie ender er udformet med tænder henholdsvis 47, 49.The arms 23 and 25 have end portions 43, 45 against each other from the linkage sites 33, 35, the free ends of which are facing each other 25 are formed with teeth 47, 49 respectively.

Tænderne på armenes endepartier griber ind i hinanden til tilvejebringelse af en direkte ledforbindelse mellem armene 23 og 25 som vist i fig. 2 og 3. Når et af de to tilslutningsrør 19, 21 eller begge disse påvirkes 30 af et vinkelmoment, bringes derved begge bælge 13, 15 til i samme grad at optage vinkelmomentet ved bøjning af bælgen, fig. 3, idet en indbyrdes vinkelbevægelse 5 151354 mellem f.eks. armene 25 og 31 på grund af fortandings-forbindelsen 47, 49 tvangsmæssigt medfører en tilsvarende relativ vinkelbevægelse mellem armene 23 og 31.The teeth of the end portions of the arms engage each other to provide a direct joint connection between the arms 23 and 25 as shown in FIG. 2 and 3. When one of the two connecting pipes 19, 21 or both of these is influenced by an angular momentum, both bellows 13, 15 are thereby caused to absorb the angular momentum by bending the bellows. 3, with an angular movement between e.g. the arms 25 and 31, because of the toothed connection 47, 49, compulsively cause a corresponding relative angular movement between the arms 23 and 31.

Derved undgår man, at en given vinkelbevægelse mellem 5 tilslutningsrørene 19, 21 helt og holdent kun overføres til én kompensator, hvilket ville kunne medføre for tidlig materialetræthed i en af de to bælge 13, 15.This avoids that a given angular movement between the connecting tubes 19, 21 is transmitted entirely to one compensator, which could cause premature fatigue in one of the two bellows 13, 15.

Man undgår derved endvidere, at én bælg overbelastes og ødelægges ved for kraftig bøjning.It also avoids overloading and damaging one bellows by excessive bending.

10 Ledelementet ifølge opfindelsen er på grund af sin specielle udformning billigere end kendte ledbælge med flere materialelag og velegnet til store vinkelbevægelser, og elementet har på grund af den ensartede belastning af alle bælge en lang levetid. I afhængighed af 15 den maksimale vinkelbevægelse mellem tilslutningsrøre ne kan antallet af de i rørledningens længderetning efter hinanden placerede bælge i ledelementet øges efter behov, idet bælgenes antal, der er bestemt ved den ønskede maksimalt tilladelige bøjningsvinkel for hver 20 enkelt bælg, er proportionalt med den ønskede maksimale bøjningsvinkel. Den for alle bælge ensartede bøjnings-grad og påvirkning er forudsætning for, at der om nødvendigt kan anbringes mere end to bælge efter hinanden i rørledningens længderetning. 1 2 3 4 5 6Due to its special design, the link element according to the invention is cheaper than known multi-layer articulated bellows and suitable for large angular movements, and the element has a long service life due to the uniform load of all bellows. Depending on the maximum angular movement between connecting tubes, the number of bellows longitudinally positioned one after the other in the guide member may be increased as required, the number of pods determined at the desired maximum allowable bending angle for each 20 pods being proportional to the desired maximum bending angle. The uniform degree of bending and influence of all bellows is a prerequisite for the need to place more than two bellows one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the pipeline. 1 2 3 4 5 6

De resterende figurer viser yderligere udførelsesformer 2 for ledelementet. Således viser fig. 4-6 et ledelement 3 51 med tre efter hinanden beliggende bælge 13, 53 og 4 15, af hvilke de to yderst beliggende bælge 13 og 15's 5 bort fra hinanden vendende ender er forbundet med hvert 6 sit tilslutningsrør henholdsvis 19 og 21. Mellem bælge ne er anbragt rørafsnit 17 og 17'. På tilslutningsrøret 19 findes samme antal arme 23 som i fig. 1-3. Det andet tilslutningsrør 21 er via et fastgørelsesorgan 29 forbundet med en dobbeltvægget arm 55, der er rettet mod 151354 έ armen 23, som på ledstedet 33 er forbundet med en arm 31', der via en ribbe 41 er understøttet på rørafsnittet 17. Armen 31' er i leddet 35 svingeligt forbundet med en arm 25', som via en ribbe 41' er understøttet 5 på et andet rørafsnit 17'. Endelig er den på tilslut ningsrøret 21 fastgjorte arm 55 og armen 25' hængslet til hinanden ved 57. Ved udførelsesformen ifølge fig.The remaining figures show further embodiments 2 of the guide element. Thus, FIG. 4-6 is a guide element 51 with three consecutive bellows 13, 53 and 4 15, the two outer ends of the two outer bellows 13 and 15 5 facing away from each other are connected to each 6 its connecting pipe 19 and 21 respectively. ne tube sections 17 and 17 'are disposed. The same number of arms 23 as in FIG. 1-3. The second connecting tube 21 is connected via a fastening means 29 to a double-walled arm 55 directed to the arm 23, which at the joint site 33 is connected to an arm 31 'supported via a rib 41 on the pipe section 17. The arm 31 'in the link 35 is pivotally connected to an arm 25' which is supported via a rib 41 'on another pipe section 17'. Finally, the arm 55 and the arm 25 'attached to the connection tube 21 are hinged to each other at 57. In the embodiment of FIG.

4-6 med tre efter hinanden beliggende bælge er der øget risiko for, at den ene eller den anden bælg bøjes mere 10 end de andre, og derved overbelastes og beskadiges.4-6 with three consecutive bellows there is an increased risk that one or the other bellows will bend more 10 than the others, thereby overloading and damaging.

Dette undgås ved, at armen 23 på den i det foregående beskrevne måde har et ud over ledstedet 33 ragende ende-parti 43, medens armen 35' har et fra ledstedet 35 mod armen 23 frit udragende endeparti 59. Endepartiernes 15 frie ender er i indgreb med hinanden ved hjælp af en fortanding 61, 63.This is avoided in that the arm 23 has an end portion 43 which extends beyond the linkage 33 in the manner described above, while the arm 35 'has an end portion 59 projecting free from the linkage 35 against the arm 23. The free ends of the end portions 15 are engaged. with one another by means of a tooth 61, 63.

På tilsvarende måde har armene 31' og 55 ud over ledstedet 35 henholdsvis 57 ragende endepartier 65, 67 med tænder henholdsvis 69, 71, der er i indgreb med hinanden.Correspondingly, the arms 31 'and 55, in addition to the linkage 35, have 57 projecting end portions 65, 67, respectively, with teeth 69, 71 engaging each other.

20 Når ledelementet påvirkes med et bøjningsmoment, udfører som vist i fig. 6 alle bælge 13, 15, 53 samme vinkelbevægelse. Når f.eks. tilslutningsrøret 21 kommer i en skrå stilling i forhold til tilslutningsrøret 19 og danner en vinkel med dette, vil bælgen 53 på grund af 25 fortandingen 59, 71 tvangsmæssigt udføre samme vinkel bevægelse som bælgen 15, medens bælgen 13 ved hjælp af fortandingen 61, 63 påvirkes til at krummes i samme grad som bælgene 53 og 15. I den i fig. 4-6 viste udførelsesform kan ledelementet ifølge opfindelsen uden 30 videre maksimalt krummes svarende til en vinkel på over 45° mellem tilslutningsrørene 19 og 21.20 When the guide element is actuated by a bending moment, as shown in FIG. 6 all bellows 13, 15, 53 same angular movement. For example, when if the connecting tube 21 is in an inclined position with respect to the connecting tube 19 and forms an angle thereto, the bellows 53 due to the toothing 59, 71 will forcibly perform the same angular movement as the bellows 15, while the bellows 13 is affected by the toothing 61, 63 for curvature to the same degree as the bellows 53 and 15. In the embodiment of FIG. 4-6, the guide element according to the invention can, without a further 30, be curved at a maximum corresponding to an angle of more than 45 ° between the connecting pipes 19 and 21.

Ledelementet ifølge opfindelsen kan også have fire bælge. På grund af elementets udformning, ved hvilken bøj-The link element according to the invention may also have four bellows. Due to the design of the element, at which

Claims

The compensation in each bellows is determined, and all bellows are coerced equally, compensators with an even greater number of bellows and articulated parts can be manufactured without delay than in Figs. 4-6, each two arms 5 being pivotally connected to one another via an arm located therebetween, have end portions extending beyond the link point between the arm and the middle arm.

A joint element (11, 51) for connecting two pipes (19 10 and 21), in particular pipes in a district heating pipe, and with at least two via bellows (13, 17 ') connected to each other (13, 15) , 53) located between the pipe piece (s) (17, 17 ') and the end portion of each pipe (19 and 21, respectively), and 15 with the end portions of the tubes fixed from these projecting arms (23, 25). 23, 55), which are pivotally connected to each other via at least one intermediate arm or intermediate arms (31; 31, 25 ') attached to the tube or tubes (17, 17'), known g-20 in that the middle arm completely covers the tubular piece The shaft or tubes (17, 17 ') and project axially from this or these in both directions and at its two ends are hinged to the respective arm (s) and rows of free ends of the arms (25, 25) are provided. other engaging teeth (47, 49; 61, 63; 69, 71) by means of which the arms are in direct engagement with each other on such a ensure that the pods are curved equally when the longitudinal axes of the connected tubes form an angle deviating from each other at 180 °. 1

A joint element according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a stop for limiting the angular movements of the arms.

Linkage element according to claim 2, characterized in that the stops are formed in the region of hinged joints (33, 35; 33, 35, 37) for mutually pivotal connection of the arms.

Joint element according to claim 3, characterized in that the stops are formed by long holes or forks arranged to ensure axial relative movement between the arms.

Joint element according to claim 2, characterized in that the abutments are formed in the region of the teeth (47, 49; 61, 63; 69, 71).