DK148778B - APPARATUS FOR REFRODING EARTHLY EQUIPPED RODS IN EARTH AREA AND FOR FILLING THE GUTS WITH POROEST MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

in 148778

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an apparatus for milling substantially vertical ridges in land areas, such as sports grounds or similar, preferably grassy areas, and for filling the holes with porous material, for permanent improvement of surface drainage, which apparatus comprises a frame structure having means for its suspension on a tractor's 3-point suspension, a horizontally mounted, transversely mounted, rotatable, main shaft with one or more on the main shaft and retractable on the frame of the tractor in the working position, and mutually parallel, disc-shaped cutter wheels, as well as power-transferring means, such as pinion gears, V-belts or similar means capable of transferring movement from the tractor take-off to a rotation of said main shaft with milling wheels, which apparatus further has two fixed wheels and a gravel spreader attached to the frame structure.

A similar apparatus is known from English Patent No. 1,380,398.

This apparatus is supported by support wheels, which however are not height adjustable, so that the depth of the trenches cannot be adjusted according to the conditions on the ground. The apparatus may be provided with a plurality of milling discs which may be adjacent to each other in the width direction of the apparatus or in succession in the longitudinal direction of the apparatus and laterally displaced relative to one another; but there is no possibility of adjusting the lateral displacement of the milling discs relative to each other, so that it is not possible to easily adjust the distance between the milling discs so that a distance adapted to the localized conditions is obtained between the milled mills.

Furthermore, the milling disc of this apparatus carries the milled soil backward to some spreading discs, which throw the soil out to both sides of the apparatus, which can often be detrimental to the surroundings and to the result of subsequent treatment of the area in question. Finally, part of the up-milled soil will thereby fall into the newly formed gutter.

2 148778

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and flexible apparatus of the kind specified in the introduction, by which the distance between the troughs and the depth thereof can be adjusted according to the conditions prevailing on the soil area concerned and by which the milled soil is placed within the working width of the apparatus. they and in the main outside the milled trenches.

The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the support wheels are height adjustable and that the milling wheels can be laterally displaced on the main shaft, and each in a manner known per se has a number of interchangeable short milling vanes mounted on the milling wheel and the gravel spreader is a ratchet mounting structure. apparatus or configured as a separate unit having a flat bottom box-shaped container with a conveyor belt carrying the gravel backwards for delivery over a transverse delivery roller transverse to the direction of travel and driven from the power transferring means and on which the gravel diffuser is located. mounted a hopper assembly which opens into an articulated, horizontally and vertically movable double hopper belonging to each cutter wheel, which apparatus further has scrapers located behind each cutter wheel and a detachable shield located around the cutter wheels and the transferring members. With this apparatus, which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and easy to adjust and maneuver, one can quickly and safely mill one or more narrow grooves at a desired distance and with a depth that can be adjusted according to the permeability that occurs in practice. the soil in question, without the milled soil falling outside the working area of the appliance or into the milled trenches.

In the same operation, the apparatus can be filled with porous material such as gravel.

In a particular embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, the gravel spreader and associated hopper assembly is designed as a separate apparatus, which is suspended on an associated frame structure with supporting wheels and with means for its suspension on a tractor's 3-point suspension, the however, the porous material is also carried out in a separate workflow, which can sometimes be more rational and especially in very water-afflictive areas more advantageous, since the surface water dd in the meantime can search the open trenches.

In a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, the milling wheels consist of a circular iron plate provided with a center hole, which iron plate is bolted to a sleeve which can be displaced on the main shaft but which is prevented in a manner known per se. rotating relative thereto, and the cutter vanes have a flat mounting bolt bolted to the iron plate at its periphery and a curved portion which is essentially a skewed half-cone shaft whose line of symmetry lies in the plane of the cutter wheel and which is mounted with its wide end facing forward in the direction of rotation of the cutter wheel. Both the disc-shaped wheel itself and the cutter blades are simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and the blades are easy to replace when worn or damaged, e.g. of stone, besides that they function in all conditions very satisfactory.

A particularly stable embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is obtained in that the support wheels are mounted on the lower end of each arm, the upper end of which is suspended on a bolt through longitudinal supports in the frame structure, and that these arms can be fixed at different angular positions relative to the dragons know that they can be secured with bolts to each of the longitudinal pullers, fixedly coupled downwards dragging behind the suspension points of the arms.

Particularly good alignment of the bottom and sides of the milled grooves is achieved by an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, in which the adjustable scrapers are mounted on and can be displaced along with a transverse support which is rigidly connected with the longitudinal supports in the the frame structure, and by the fact that the scrapers can also be adjusted in height in relation to the transverse carrier.

A particularly suitable and functionally safe apparatus for introducing the porous material into the troughs is obtained when, according to the invention, the hopper assembly comprises a downwardly sloping downwardly sloping downwardly sloping downwardly sloping plate which extends into downwardly narrowing open funnels belonging to each of its milling wheels or to each of its wheels. of the grooves formed by the milling wheels, as well as a movable hopper belonging to each hopper, which is so detachably hinged to the hopper that it can rotate in its own plane about a bolt in the hopper bottom plate, and which can also swing about a pin which is parallel to the bottom plate of the movable hopper and passed through side portions thereof near the trailing edge of the hopper, which pin is passed between the hopper side portions through the illumination of a pipe piece having a hollow side tab forming the hinge by which the movable hopper can turn in its own plane around the bolt. This results in that the porous material is automatically fed into the trenches behind the scrapers, as the moving funnels are fed into these and guided to the sides of the trench walls.

Thus, by means of a chain, the movable hopper according to the invention is secured to a lifting handle which is pivotally mounted on a shackle on the gravel spreader and which can be held in a notch in the stirrup in a raised position so that the hopper can be raised by the lifting of the handle. above the ground and locked in this position, it is achieved that the moving hopper when driving with the milling wheel of the apparatus without engaging the ground is not dragged across it.

When the shielding of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is composed of several screens which can be taken apart or opened separately, and of a front hanging screen such as a rubber cloth, particularly easy access to the cutter wheels is obtained. which is important when these are to be displaced on the main shaft, or when milling vanes have to be replaced, and furthermore a particularly good protection is obtained for the power transferring means against dirt from the milled soil, which is simultaneously braked and comminuted by some of the mounted rubber cloth.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention seen from behind and without scrapers, support wheels, gravel spreaders and hopper assembly; FIG. 2 the same as in FIG. 1 from the side and with support wheels and scrapers, fig. 3 the same as in FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 4 the same as in FIG. 2 on a smaller scale and with gravel spreader and hopper assembly mounted; FIG. 5 shows a schematic gravel spreader and the hopper assembly of FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 6 and 6a are a side view of a scraper according to the invention seen from above along line A-A, and fig. 7 shows the hinge connecting the movable hopper to the hopper of the invention.

U 8778 6 Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawing show schematically an apparatus according to the invention without gravel spreader and hopper assembly.

It consists of a frame structure 1, which has means 2, by which it can be suspended on a tractor's 3-point suspension. On the frame structure 1 there are bearing brackets 3, in which is mounted a transverse, horizontal, rotatable main shaft 4, on which there is one or more rotatable and mutually parallel cutter wheels 5, which can be laterally displaced on the main shaft 4. Each of the cutter wheels has eight cutter blades 6 , which is mounted at the periphery of the cutter wheel. The main shaft 4 with the cutter wheels 5 is driven via power transmitting means 7 from the rear power take-off of the tractor through a longitudinal shaft 28 and an angular gear 29 shown schematically in FIG. 1. The angular gear 29 communicates with a pulley 30 associated with a V-belt pulley which further comprises a pulley 31 on the main shaft 4, V-belts 32 and a belt tensioner 33. Hereby the cutter wheel 5 can be driven around in the FIG.

2 at arrow 27. Furthermore, on the frame structure 1, which includes some longitudinal supports 44 and transverse supports, is provided a scraper 12 associated with each milling wheel and two supporting wheels 11 as well as a shield 20. The supporting wheels 11 are mounted on the lower end 40 of each arm 41, the upper end 42 by means of a bolt 43 is hinged to the longitudinal carrier 44 and which can be held at different angles thereto by locking it with a bolt 45 through the middle region of the arm 41 at different heights on one from the longitudinal carrier 44 downwardly hanging drawers 46 behind the suspension point 43 of the arm 41. The scrapers 12 are mounted on the rear transverse supports 50 of the frame structure and can be displaced thereon so that they can be placed in the same plane as the cutter wheels 5. The screen 20 is divided into three screens 70, 71 and 72, which shields the cutter wheels and the power transmitting means, respectively, and protects the latter from contamination from the soil milled by the cutter wheels. The cutter wheels 5 are disc-shaped and are each made of a circular iron plate 21 provided with a hole 22 in the middle. The iron plate is bolted to a bushing which can be displaced on the main shaft 4, but which is prevented from rotating relative thereto, and the cutter blades 6 have a flat mounting piece 25 bolted to the iron plate at its periphery, and a curved piece 26, which has the shape of an obliquely cut half cone shell, whose line of symmetry lies in the plane of the cutter wheel and which is mounted with its wide end facing forward in the direction of the cutter wheel 27. The frame structure 1 with the mounted parts can be raised so that they do not touch the ground , or lowered so that the cutter wheel and scraper are lowered into the ground and the support wheel rests on the j surface.

With the device in operation, this is pulled by a tractor in the direction to the right in fig. 2, and while the cutter wheels 5 are rotated in the direction of arrow 27, the entire frame structure 1 is lowered by the apparatus, so that the cutter wheels 5 with the blades 6 and the scraper mounted behind it are lowered into the ground until the supporting wheels 11 rest on the ground surface and thereby determine the depth of engagement of the cutter wheels and scrapers. By raising and lowering the support wheels 11 on the carrier 46, the depth of engagement can thereby be adjusted. During the tractor's advance of the frame structure 1 with the whole apparatus and its rotation of the milling wheels 5, these narrow ridges mill into the ground, which ridges are smoothed and smoothed by the scrapers 12.

In FIG. 4, it is seen in FIG. 2 on a smaller scale and with a gravel spreader 13 and an associated hopper assembly 15 mounted above and behind, respectively, with the hopper lying between the two support wheels 11. However, the gravel spreader 13 with associated hopper unit 15 can also be designed as a separate apparatus suspended on its own. own frame structure with support wheels and intended for suspension on a tractor's 3-point suspension.

FIG. 5 shows the gravel spreader and hopper assembly of FIG. 4 from above. The gravel spreader 13 is a conventional gravel spreader which has a flat-bottom box-shaped container 14 with a conveyor belt which carries the gravel backwards for delivery over a transverse delivery roller transverse to the direction of travel and which is driven from the power transferring means. Upon discharge of the gravel, this falls in a uniform current throughout the width of the dispenser roll and then descends into the hopper assembly 15, which includes a removably attached, inclined downwardly and backwardly inclined plate 51 which descends into the downwardly narrowing open funnel 52 below the dispenser roller 52 , which belong to each cutter wheel and which are located behind the scrapers. From there, the gravel slides into a movable funnel 53 attached to each sub-funnel, which is so detachably hinged to the sub-funnel that it can rotate in its own plane about a bolt 54 in the bottom plate 55 of the sub-funnel, and which can also swing about a pin 56 which is parallel to the bottom plate 57 of the movable hopper. The pin 56 is passed through the side pieces 58 of the movable funnel near its rear edge 59, and between the side pieces 58, the pin 56 is passed through a tube piece 60 having a side tab 62 with a hole 61.

The pin 56 with the tube piece 60 and the side tab 62 constitutes the hinge by which the movable funnel can rotate in its own plane and pivot in a plane perpendicular thereto. The movable funnels have an elongated narrow mouth, which can be inserted into the upper part of the milled trenches and can be controlled by the sidewalls of the gravel spreader during the extension of the gravel spreader. The conveyor belt and rollers of the gravel spreader are driven from the rear power take-off of the tractor through the transmitting means 7. Thus, in the operation of the gravel spreader, the gravel is brought down through the hoppers 52 and 53 and thus into the milled channel. The amount of precipitated gravel can be controlled by regulating the dosage of the dispenser rollers.

When the gravel spreader is to be transported over the terrain without settling gravel, the dispensing rollers can be stopped and the lower end of the movable hopper 53 can be raised by means of a chain 65, the upper end of which is attached to a lifting handle 66 mounted pivotal about a hanger

Claims (6)

148778 67 on the gravel spreader, and which can be held in a notch 68 in the shackle in a raised position so that the hopper is raised above the ground and locked in this position by the lifting of the handle. With the gravel spreader out of service, the movable hopper 53 or the entire hopper assembly 15 can be removed, and the gravel spreader may be used for other purposes. As shown in FIG. 6 and 6a, the scrapers consist of two flat irons welded together at right angles to one another, the one flat iron being curved forwardly below and supported there by a pipe piece welded below the other flat iron. Under normal operating conditions, the device is pulled forward at a speed of between 2 and 4 km / h. and the cutter wheels rotate at a speed of approx. 180 RPM With this speed, with the apparatus shown in the drawing, two grooves can be produced simultaneously with a depth of 30 cm, and the width of the grooves corresponding to the blade width is 4 cm. As mentioned, the gravel deposition can be carried out in the same operation or individually by means of another tractor, which can then also pull a tow net for comminution of the milled soil and its distribution over the trenches and between them. Apparatus for milling substantially vertical ridges in land areas, such as sports grounds or similar, preferably grassy areas, and for filling the ridges with porous material, for permanent improvement of surface drainage, which apparatus comprises a frame structure (1) having means (2) for its suspension on a tractor's 3-point suspension, one in bearings (3) on the frame in the working position, horizontally mounted, transverse, rotatable main shaft (4) with one or more on the main shaft (4) and removable about this disposed mutually parallel, disc-shaped cutter wheel (5), as well as power-transferring means (7), such as gear drives, V-belts or similar means, which can transfer movement from the tractor's take-off to a rotation of said main shaft with cutter wheels, which apparatus further has two with the frame structure. (1) fixed support wheels (11) and a gravel spreader (13), characterized in that the support wheels (11) are height adjustable and that the cutter wheels (5) can be laterally displaced on the main shaft, and each in a manner known per se has a number of interchangeable short cutter blades (6) mounted on the circumferential wheel and the gravel spreader (13) being one on the frame structure (1). a suspended apparatus or a separate unit having a flat-bottom box-shaped container (14) with a conveyor belt leading the gravel backwards for delivery over a transverse delivery roller transverse to the direction of travel and driven from the power transfer means (7) and on which the gravel diffuser there is mounted a hopper assembly (15) which opens into an articulated, horizontally and vertically movable double hopper (16) of each cutter wheel, which apparatus further has scrapers (12) located behind each cutter wheel and one around the cutter wheels and the PTOs removable guards (20). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the gravel spreader (13) and associated hopper assembly (15) is designed as a separate apparatus which is suspended on an associated frame structure with supporting wheels, and with means for its suspension on a tractor. 3-point linkage. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutter wheels (5) consist of a circular iron plate (21) provided with a hole (22) in the middle, which iron plate is bolted to a socket (23) which can be displaced on the main shaft (4), but which in a manner known per se is prevented from rotating relative thereto, and that the cutter blades (6) have a flat mounting piece (25) bolted to the iron plate at its periphery, and a curved piece (26) which is generally shaped as a warped cut half cone stub whose line of symmetry lies in the plane of the cutter wheel and which is mounted with its wide end facing forward in the direction of the cutter wheel (27). Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the support wheels (11) are mounted on the lower end (40) of each arm (41), the upper end (42) of which is suspended on a bolt (43) through longitudinal supports (44) in the frame structure (1), and that these arms can be fixed in different angular positions with respect to the supports (44) in that they can be fastened with bolts (45) to each of the downwardly fixed downwardly-mounted supports. (46) behind the suspension points of the arms. Apparatus according to one or more of claims 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that the scrapers (12) are adjustable and mounted on and can be displaced along a transverse carrier (50) which is rigidly connected to the longitudinal supports ( 44) in the frame structure (1), and that the scrapers (12) can also be adjusted in height with respect to the transverse carrier (50). Apparatus according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hopper assembly (15) comprises a removable, inclined downwardly and rearwardly inclined plate (51) which is removably fixed to the gravel spreader (13) under the dispensing roller (51). a funnel (52) of each milling wheel or of each of the mills formed by the milling wheels, as well as a movable hopper (53) belonging to each part, which is so detachably hinged to the part that it can rotate in its own plane about one bolt (54) in the bottom plate (55) of the hopper, and which can further pivot about a pin (56) parallel to the bottom plate (57) in the movable hopper and is guided