DK146818B - bone nails - Google Patents
bone nails Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK146818B DK146818B DK382674AA DK382674A DK146818B DK 146818 B DK146818 B DK 146818B DK 382674A A DK382674A A DK 382674AA DK 382674 A DK382674 A DK 382674A DK 146818 B DK146818 B DK 146818B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- bone
- seam
- iron
- seams
- bone seam
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7208—Flexible pins, e.g. ENDER pins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/92—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices
- A61B17/921—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices for intramedullary devices
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
146818146818
Opfindelsen angår et knoglesøm, især til 'behandling af per- og subtrochantére lårknoglebrud, med i hovedsagen rundt tværsnit, som er væsentlig mindre end lårknoglens marvkanal, idet knoglesømmet ved sin distale ende er forsynet med en koblingsdel for en i alle retninger drejningsfast forbindelse med et inddrivningsredskab eller anslags jern og har en sådan krumning og elasticitet, at det ved inddrivningen gennem marvkanalen strækker sig og derved får en forspænding.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a bone seam, in particular for the treatment of per- and subtrochanteric femur fractures, of substantially circular cross-section, which is substantially smaller than the femur's marrow canal, the bone seam being provided at its distal end with a coupling portion for a pivotal connection with an all-round connection. retraction tool or impact iron and has such curvature and elasticity that it extends through the marrow duct as it is retracted, thereby providing a bias.
Sådanne knoglesøm kendes f.eks. fra beskrivelsen til tysk brugsmønster nr. 72 18 224. Disse knoglesøm har den fordel, at man med dem ikke blot kan fiksere, men også reponere brud i det proximale lårområde, uden at der kræves en åbning af låret i området for brudstedet. Khog-lesømmene inddrives da i marvkanalen efter hinanden fra den knænære knogleende, hvorved de på grund af deres krumning og elasticitet får en forspænding ved inddrivningen, som bevirker, at knoglesømspidserne, så snart de har passeret marvkanalen, kan trænge gennem brudstedet ind i lårknoglens hoved. Hvis nu knoglesømmene drejes, så kan der herved foretages en reposition af knoglefragmenterne, hvilket vil sige, at knoglefragmenterne på brudstedet bringes i den rigtige indbyrdes stilling og fikseres i denne stilling.Such bone stitches are known e.g. from the description to German usage pattern no. 72 18 224. These bone seams have the advantage that they can not only fix but also repair fractures in the proximal thigh area without requiring an opening of the thigh in the area of the fracture site. The Khog seams are then retracted in the marrow canal one after the other from the knee-close bone end, whereby, due to their curvature and elasticity, they receive a bias during the recovery, which means that as soon as they have passed the marrow canal, they can penetrate through the fracture site into the femoral head. . If the bone seams are now rotated, then a repositioning of the bone fragments can be made, which means that the bone fragments at the fracture site are brought into the proper mutual position and fixed in this position.
Til gennemførelse af drejningen af de inddrevne knoglesøm med henblik på udførelsen af den nævnte reposition er det nødvendigt at forsyne den distale ende af hvert knoglesøm med en koblingsdel til en i alle retninger drejningsfast forbindelse med et inddrivningsredskab eller anslagsjem. Ved det fra beskrivelsen til det tyske brugsmønster nr. 72 18 224 kendte knoglesøm er enden af knoglesømmet forsynet med en U-formet ombukning, som kan sammenkobles med et tilsvarende udformet inddrivningsredskab.In order to carry out the rotation of the recovered bone seams for the purpose of carrying out said repositioning, it is necessary to provide the distal end of each bone seam with a coupling part for a pivotally connected connection with a recovery tool or stop jam. By the bone stitch known from the specification for German usage pattern No. 72 18 224, the end of the bone stitch is provided with a U-shaped bend which can be coupled to a correspondingly designed recovery tool.
Denne ombukning kræver imidlertid forholdsvis megen plads.However, this rebound requires relatively much space.
Dette er uheldigt, dels fordi drejningen af et enkelt knoglesøm vanskeliggøres ved tilstedeværelsen af flere knoglesøm i marvkanalen, dels fordi ombukningerne på knogle- 2 146818 sømmets indslagningssted stikker udad fra dette søm, hvilket forstyrrer glidebevægelsen for de sener og muskler, som ligger hen derover, og kan føre til smerter i knæleddets område.This is unfortunate, partly because the twisting of a single bone stitch is made difficult by the presence of multiple bone stitches in the marrow canal, and partly because the bends on the insertion site of the bone protrude outwardly from this stitch, which interferes with the sliding motion of the tendons and muscles overlying it. and can lead to pain in the area of the knee joint.
Til grund for opfindelsen ligger den opgave at anvise et knoglesøm af den angivne art, som har en pladsbesparende koblingsdel, som imidlertid kan sammenkobles sikkert og drejningsfast i alle retninger med et indslag-ningsjern, - og som ikke forårsager patienterne noget besvær. Denne opgave løses ifølge opfindelsen ved, at koblingsdelen er dannet af en i knoglesømmets forlængelse anbragt affladning. Denne affladning i form af en lille plade gør det muligt at sammenkoble den distale ende med et forholdsvist lille inddrivningsredskab og således at gennemføre repositionsmanøvrer ved drejning af knoglesømmet. Desuden muliggør knoglesømmets udformning ifølge opfindelsen, at man kan lægge de fra marvkanalen fremstik-kende affladninger i tagstenarrangement i tilfælde af flere knoglesøm, så at de kun kræver en lille plads og ikke irriterer de sener og muskler, som ligger hen over dem.The object of the invention is to provide a bone seam of the specified type, which has a space-saving coupling part which, however, can be securely and pivotally connected in all directions with a wrap-iron - and which causes no trouble to the patients. This task is solved according to the invention in that the coupling part is formed by a discharge located in the extension of the bone seam. This discharge in the form of a small plate makes it possible to connect the distal end with a relatively small retraction tool and thus to perform repositioning maneuvers when turning the bone seam. In addition, the shape of the bone seam according to the invention allows for the discharge of protruding protrusions from the marrow canal in the case of multiple bone seams, so that they require only a small space and do not irritate the tendons and muscles lying over them.
Endelig opnås der ved affladningen en forøgelse af anlægs-fladen på knogleydersiden, hvorved faren for, at knoglen går itu, bliver mindre.Finally, by discharging, an increase of the abutment surface is achieved on the bone surface, thereby reducing the risk of bone breakage.
Ifølge opfindelsen er affladningen fortrinsvis forsynet med en slids. I denne kan man indsætte et passende udformet redskabs ansats, hvorved udtrækningen af knoglesømmene bliver lettere.According to the invention, the discharge is preferably provided with a slot. In this one can insert a suitably designed implement, thereby facilitating the extraction of the bone seams.
Ifølge opfindelsen har knoglesømmet fortrinsvis et formstofovertræk. Derved opnås den fordel, at ved samtidig anvendelse af flere knoglesøm optræder der ikke nogen kontaktkorrosion på disse knogissøms berøringssteder, hvilket ellers kunne have uheldige følger.According to the invention, the bone seam preferably has a plastic coating. Thereby, the advantage is obtained that, when using multiple bone seams, there is no contact corrosion at the contact points of these bone seams, which could otherwise have adverse consequences.
Opfindelsen skal forklares nærmere i forbindelse med tegningen, som viser forskellige udførelsesformer for opfindelsen, idet fig. 1 viser et billede forfra af knoglesømmet, fig. 2 et tilsvarende sidebillede, fig. 3 et tilhørende anslagsjem, 3 146818 fig. 4 et længdesnit gennem en knogle med tre inddrevne knoglesøm ifølge fig. 1 og 2, fig. 5 et tilsvarende tværsnit, fig. 6 i større målestok set forfra en anden udførelsesform for et anslagsjern, fig. 7 set i planbillede en tredje udførelsesform for anslags jernet, fig. 8 samme set forfra, og fig. 9 et i forhold til udførelsesformen i fig.l ændret knoglesøm set forfra.The invention will be explained in more detail in connection with the drawing, which shows various embodiments of the invention, fig. 1 is a front view of the bone seam; FIG. 2 shows a similar side view; FIG. 3 is a corresponding abutment schem, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section through a bone with three recessed bone seams according to FIG. 1 and 2, FIG. 5 shows a similar cross-section; FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of another embodiment of an impact iron; FIG. 7 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the abutment iron; FIG. 8 is a front view, and FIG. 9 is a front view altered to the embodiment of FIG.
Knoglesømmet ifølge krav 1 og 2 har en under en vinkel på ca. 45° afskåret spids A, efter hvilken følger en stærkt krummet del D. Pen går over i en svagere krummet og til sidst lige forløbende del G. Knoglesømmets samlede krumning strækker sig over mellem 1/3 og 2/3 af dets længde.The bone seam according to claims 1 and 2 has an angle of approx. 45 ° cut tip A, followed by a strongly curved portion D. Pen goes into a weaker curved and eventually straight portion G. The total curvature of the bone seam extends between 1/3 and 2/3 of its length.
Efter delen C følger en bukning D og et lige stykke E. Pen distale del ændrer således kraftigt retning medialt på de sidste centimeter og holder således enden uden for marvrummet og lårknoglecondylus. Knoglesømenden F er afflad et som en lille plade og har en slids G.Following the part C follows a bend D and a straight piece E. Thus, the distal part changes strongly in the medial direction of the last centimeter, thus keeping the end outside the marrow compartment and the femoral condyle. The bone seam F is flattened one like a small plate and has a slot G.
Knoglesømmet ifølge fig. 9 adskiller sig fra det i fig. 1 og 2 derved, at det har to bukninger P^, og P2 og to lige stykker E-j^ og E2.The bone seam of FIG. 9 differs from that of FIG. 1 and 2 in that it has two bends P1 and P2 and two equal pieces E1 and E2.
længden af knoglesømmet retter sig efter længden af den knogle, som skal fikseres. Krumningen af knoglesømmet vælges således, at det ved inddrivning fra den mediale condylus så at sige af sig selv finder vejen ind i låihals-fragmentet. Proportionen af krumningsdimensionerne udføres hensigtsmæssigt ens ved alle knoglesømlængder. Krumningen bevirker sammen med en rigtig valgt elasticitet, at knoglesømmet ved indføringen strækker sig gennem marvpiben og således får en forspænding. Penne forspænding giver knoglesømspidsen en fjeders kraft, hvormed spidsen er i stand til at bringe selv stærkt forskubbede brudstykker til at ligge i rigtig rækkefølge efter hinanden, samt ved drejning at forskyde dem i enhver ønsket stilling med henblik på reponering.the length of the bone stitch depends on the length of the bone to be fixed. The curvature of the bone seam is chosen so that, by recovery from the medial condylus, it naturally finds its way into the laryngeal fragment. The proportion of the curvature dimensions is conveniently carried out at all bone seam lengths. The curvature, together with a properly selected elasticity, causes the bone seam to extend through the spinal cord and thus bias the insertion. Pen preload gives the bone seam tip a spring force, which enables the tip to cause even highly displaced fragments to lie in sequence in succession, as well as by rotating them in any desired position for repositioning.
4 146818 Når “brudstykkerne på denne måde er reponeret, slås knoglesømmet videre cranialt.4 146818 When the “fragments are thus repositioned, the bone seam is further cranially struck.
I den udvidede del af trochanterregionen bøjer knoglesømmet sig da i overensstemmelse med fjederkraften ind i lårhalsen.In the extended part of the trochanter region, the bone seam then bends into the femur, in accordance with the spring force.
Knoglesømmet kan også være forsynet med et overtræk af formstof især polytetrafluorethylen. Ved hjælp af et sådant glideovertræk undgås e'n friktionskorrosion, som også ædle materialer er udsat for.The bone seam may also be provided with a coating of resin especially polytetrafluoroethylene. With the help of such a sliding coating, a friction corrosion to which precious materials are also exposed is avoided.
Anslags jernet eller fremdrivnings jernet ifølge fig. 3 har en del 1, som er forsynet med en udsparing M, som passer nøje til den affladede ende P på knoglesømmet.The impact iron or propulsion iron of FIG. 3 has a portion 1 which is provided with a recess M which closely matches the flattened end P of the bone seam.
I fortsættelse af delen L følger et riflet håndgreb I og hovedet H, hvorpå man slår med en hammer ved inddrivningen af knoglesømmet. Til drejning af anslags- eller inddrivningsjernet og dermed også sømmet tjener et ved enderne riflet tværstykke K.Continuing part L follows a knurled handle I and head H, then striking a hammer at the bone seam. To rotate the impact or recoil iron, and thus also the seam, a cross-section K.
Delen L af anslags- eller inddrivnings jernet kan også være bukket, så at man bedre kan komme til knoglesømmet og også udøve en skråpåvirkning.The part L of the impact or retraction iron may also be bent so that one can better get to the bone seam and also exert an oblique effect.
Udtrækningen af knoglesømmet af knoglen iker ved hjælp af en krog, som kommer i indgreb med slidsen G.The extraction of the bone seam of the bone does not occur by means of a hook which engages the slot G.
Pig. 4 viser, hvorledes de inddrevne knoglesøm forløber i det indre af knoglen.Pig. 4 shows how the recovered bone seam extends into the interior of the bone.
Af fig. 5 fremgår, at de affladede ender P let finder plads ved siden og over hinanden og derfor kun kræver ringe plads, så at knæledshæmningerne bliver mindre.In FIG. 5 shows that the flattened ends P easily find space side by side and above each other and therefore only require little space so that the knee joint inhibitions become less.
I det følgende skal de andre udførelsesformer for anslags- eller inddrivnings jernet ifølge opfindelsen beskrives .In the following, the other embodiments of the impact or retraction iron of the invention will be described.
Ifølge fig. 6 er anslags- eller inddrivnings jernet N, som ligeledes har en udsparing M, udført med bugtninger og er forsynet med et håndtag I samt et tværstykke K. Ved hjælp af den bugtede form kan jernet og dermed knoglesømmet drejes, Hovedet H optager atter slagene fra hammeren.According to FIG. 6, the impact or recoil iron N, which also has a recess M, is made with bends and is provided with a handle I and a cross-section K. By means of the curved shape the iron and thus the bone seam can be turned, the head H recovers the blows from hammer.
Ved det i fig. 7 og 8 i delbilleder viste jern 0 kan en vippearm Q drejes om en aksel P mod virkningen af en om 146818 5 akselen P viklet fjeder R. Vippearmen ender i en krog S, som gennem en boring kan komme i indgreb med udsparingen M, hvori den affladede og med en udsparing G forsynede ende af knoglesømdelen E stikkes ind.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and 8 in iron illustrated in partial pictures, a rocker arm Q can be rotated about a shaft P against the action of a spring R. The shaft P wound spring R. The rocker arm ends in a hook S which through a bore can engage the recess M, in which insert the flattened end with a recess G of the bone seam portion E.
Ved nedtrykning af vippearmen Q trækkes denne krog S ud af sin åbning, så at delen E kan skubbes ind i åbningen M. Ved frigørelse af vippearmen Q kommer krogen S da i indgreb med udsparingen G.When the rocker arm Q is pressed down, this hook S is pulled out of its opening, so that the part E can be pushed into the opening M. When the rocker arm Q is released, the hook S then engages with the recess G.
Ved hjælp af jernet ifølge fig. 6-8 kan knoglesømmet både drives ind i knoglen og atter trækkes ud deraf.By means of the iron according to FIG. 6-8, the bone seam can both be driven into the bone and retracted therefrom.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT634473A AT349607B (en) | 1973-07-18 | 1973-07-18 | CURVED BONE NAIL AND RELATED PROPOSAL IRON FOR FIXING BREAKS IN THE PROXIMUM THIGH AREA |
AT634473 | 1973-07-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK382674A DK382674A (en) | 1975-03-03 |
DK146818B true DK146818B (en) | 1984-01-16 |
DK146818C DK146818C (en) | 1984-07-23 |
Family
ID=3585366
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK382674A DK146818C (en) | 1973-07-18 | 1974-07-17 | bone nails |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5713297B2 (en) |
AR (1) | AR203977Q (en) |
AT (1) | AT349607B (en) |
BE (1) | BE816329A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7404761A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1030416A (en) |
CH (1) | CH561536A5 (en) |
CS (1) | CS175379B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2341439C3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK146818C (en) |
ES (1) | ES201146Y (en) |
FI (1) | FI59919C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2237609B1 (en) |
HU (1) | HU172775B (en) |
NL (1) | NL164197C (en) |
NO (1) | NO136331C (en) |
PL (1) | PL93410B1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA743515B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2272634A1 (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1975-12-26 | Ender Josef | Curved pin for repair of fractures near trochanter - has straight middle section between curved extremities |
US4011863A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1977-03-15 | Zickel Robert E | Supracondylar prosthetic nail |
FR2474305A1 (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-07-31 | Landanger Louis | ELASTIC CLOUD FOR TROCHANTERIAL AND IMPLANT FRACTURE REDUCTION USING THE ELASTIC NUT |
DE3124059A1 (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1983-01-05 | Mecron Medizinische Produkte Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | Nail for fixing fractures of the femur |
US4503847A (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1985-03-12 | Howmedica, Inc. | Prosthetic nail |
EP0091499B1 (en) * | 1982-04-10 | 1986-08-06 | Metallwerk Plansee Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Fluted intramedullary leg nail |
FR2579095A1 (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1986-09-26 | Boudarel Marie Reine | Improvements to elastic nails for osteosynthesis of trochanterian fractures |
DE3734111A1 (en) * | 1987-10-06 | 1989-04-20 | Mecron Med Prod Gmbh | INTERMEDIATE NAIL FOR TREATMENT OF BONE BREAKS ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF MARBLE NAILING AND MARNEL TOOL |
FR2668919B1 (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1993-01-22 | Landos Applic Orthopediques Fs | INTRA-MEDULAR SPINDLE AND ITS GRIPPING TOOL. |
ES2048080B1 (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1994-10-01 | Traiber S A | INTRAMEDULAR NAIL FOR THE REDUCTION OF BONE FRACTURES. |
AU742518B2 (en) * | 1998-11-17 | 2002-01-03 | Synthes Gmbh | Intramedullary nail for the operative treatment of fractures of the lower arm |
JP4950579B2 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2012-06-13 | 株式会社ホムズ技研 | Intramedullary nail and orthopedic surgical instrument set |
JP5009562B2 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社ホムズ技研 | Intramedullary nail and orthopedic surgical instrument set |
EP3169253B1 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2018-10-03 | Radley Scientific Limited | Plastics implant revision and removal system |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2638092A (en) * | 1950-09-15 | 1953-05-12 | William Seward | Intramedullary nail inserter |
-
1973
- 1973-07-18 AT AT634473A patent/AT349607B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-08-16 DE DE2341439A patent/DE2341439C3/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-22 CH CH1206973A patent/CH561536A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-09-03 FR FR7332244A patent/FR2237609B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-03-04 ES ES1974201146U patent/ES201146Y/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-29 CS CS3836A patent/CS175379B2/cs unknown
- 1974-05-30 HU HU74EE00002240A patent/HU172775B/en unknown
- 1974-06-03 ZA ZA00743515A patent/ZA743515B/en unknown
- 1974-06-06 CA CA201,848A patent/CA1030416A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-10 BR BR4761/74A patent/BR7404761A/en unknown
- 1974-06-12 NL NL7407854.A patent/NL164197C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-12 JP JP6698174A patent/JPS5713297B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-06-12 FI FI1793/74A patent/FI59919C/en active
- 1974-06-12 PL PL1974171856A patent/PL93410B1/pl unknown
- 1974-06-14 BE BE2053689A patent/BE816329A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-14 NO NO742171A patent/NO136331C/en unknown
- 1974-07-17 DK DK382674A patent/DK146818C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1975
- 1975-09-10 AR AR260333A patent/AR203977Q/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2237609A1 (en) | 1975-02-14 |
FI59919C (en) | 1981-11-10 |
JPS5713297B2 (en) | 1982-03-16 |
ZA743515B (en) | 1975-10-29 |
BE816329A (en) | 1974-09-30 |
ES201146Y (en) | 1976-01-16 |
DK146818C (en) | 1984-07-23 |
NO136331B (en) | 1977-05-16 |
DE2341439C3 (en) | 1980-11-20 |
BR7404761A (en) | 1976-02-17 |
HU172775B (en) | 1978-12-28 |
JPS5054183A (en) | 1975-05-13 |
CA1030416A (en) | 1978-05-02 |
CS175379B2 (en) | 1977-05-31 |
NO742171L (en) | 1975-02-17 |
DE2341439A1 (en) | 1975-02-06 |
NL164197C (en) | 1980-12-15 |
DE2341439B2 (en) | 1976-11-18 |
FR2237609B1 (en) | 1977-02-25 |
NL7407854A (en) | 1975-01-21 |
AR203977Q (en) | 1975-10-31 |
ATA634473A (en) | 1976-04-15 |
AT349607B (en) | 1979-04-10 |
PL93410B1 (en) | 1977-05-30 |
NO136331C (en) | 1977-08-24 |
FI179374A (en) | 1975-01-19 |
FI59919B (en) | 1981-07-31 |
ES201146U (en) | 1975-09-16 |
AU7008374A (en) | 1975-12-18 |
CH561536A5 (en) | 1975-05-15 |
DK382674A (en) | 1975-03-03 |
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