DK144925B - CLUTCH FOR MEASURING AC AC IN A HIGH VOLTAGE CORD - Google Patents

CLUTCH FOR MEASURING AC AC IN A HIGH VOLTAGE CORD Download PDF

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Publication number
DK144925B
DK144925B DK12677A DK12677A DK144925B DK 144925 B DK144925 B DK 144925B DK 12677 A DK12677 A DK 12677A DK 12677 A DK12677 A DK 12677A DK 144925 B DK144925 B DK 144925B
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Denmark
Prior art keywords
current
diodes
light
measuring
line
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DK12677A
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Danish (da)
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DK144925C (en
DK12677A (en
Inventor
R Boirat
C Davila
C Moreau
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Comp Generale Electricite
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Priority claimed from FR7600841A external-priority patent/FR2338498A1/en
Priority claimed from FR7609395A external-priority patent/FR2346724A2/en
Application filed by Comp Generale Electricite filed Critical Comp Generale Electricite
Publication of DK12677A publication Critical patent/DK12677A/en
Publication of DK144925B publication Critical patent/DK144925B/en
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Publication of DK144925C publication Critical patent/DK144925C/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/22—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-emitting devices, e.g. LED, optocouplers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Description

(19) DANMARK(19) DENMARK

fjl (,2> FREMLÆGGELSESSKRIFT (11) 144925 Bfjl (, 2> PUBLICATION WRITING (11) 144925 B

DIREKTORATET FOR PATENT- OG VAREMÆRKEVÆSENETDIRECTORATE OF THE PATENT AND TRADEMARKET SYSTEM

121) Ansøgning nr. 126/77 (51) Int.C!.3 Q 01 R 15/07 (22) Indleveringsdag 13· Jan· 1977 (24) Løbedag 13· Jan* 1977 (41) Aim. tilgængelig 15· Jul. 1977 (44) Fremlagt 5· Jul. 19^2 (86) International ansøgning nr. " (86) International indleveringsdag (85) Videreførelsesdag (62) Stamansøgning nr.121) Application No. 126/77 (51) Int.C! .3 Q 01 R 15/07 (22) Filing Day 13 · Jan · 1977 (24) Race Day 13 · Jan * 1977 (41) Aim. available 15 · Jul. 1977 (44) Posted 5 Jul. 19 ^ 2 (86) International Application No. "(86) International Filing Day (85) Continuation Day (62) Stock Application No.

(30) Prioritet 1^· Ja*1· 1976, 7600841, FR 31. raar. 1976, 7609395, FR(30) Priority 1 ^ · Yes * 1 · 1976, 7600841, FR 31. weird. 1976, 7609395, FR

(71) Ansøger CCMPAGNIE GENERALE L*ELECTRICITE S.A., 75582 Paris CecLex 08, FR.(71) Applicant CCMPAGNIE GENERAL L * ELECTRICITE S.A., 75582 Paris CecLex 08, FR.

(72) Opfinder Robert Boirat, FR: Claude Davila, FR: Christian(72) Inventor Robert Boirat, FR: Claude Davila, FR: Christian

Moreau, FR.Moreau, FR.

(74) Fuldmægtig Internationalt Patent-Bureau.(74) International Patent Bureau.

(54) Kobling til måling af vekselstrøm« men i en højspændingsledning.(54) Coupling for measuring AC current 'but in a high voltage line.

Opfindelsen angår en kobling til måling af vekselstrømmen gennem en højspændingsledning og af den art, der omfatter: - dels strømaftagende organer, der er anbragt i nærheden af højspændingsledningen og er indrettet til at afgive et elektrisk signal, der i hovedsagen er proportionalt med strømmen gennem ledningen, idet signalets retning svarer til strømmens retning, ® - dels en i nærheden af ledningen anbragt diodebro, omfattende ^ mindst to måledioder, der forsynes med det nævnte elektriske signal, CT) og som er sammenkoblede på en sådan måde, at den ene eller den anden _-j. diode er ledende, afhængigt af det elektriske signals retning, - dels to optiske fiberlysledere, der hver for sig overfører et lyssignal, der repræsenterer strømmen gennem den ene, henholdsvisBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a coupling for measuring the alternating current through a high voltage line and of the nature comprising: - partly current-withdrawing means disposed in the vicinity of the high voltage line and adapted to emit an electrical signal which is substantially proportional to the current through the line the direction of the signal corresponds to the direction of the current, - partly a diode bridge located near the line, comprising at least two measuring diodes provided with said electrical signal (CT) and interconnected in such a way that one or the other other _-j. diode is conductive, depending on the direction of the electrical signal; - two optical fiber optic conductors, each of which transmit a light signal representing the current through one or the other, respectively.

OISLAND

2 144925 den anden lysdiode, til et sted i afstand fra ledningen, - dels to lysmodtagere, der i afstand fra ledningen modtager de gennem de optiske fibre overførte lysbundter, således at hver modtager for det pågældende lysbundt afgiver et halvbølgesignal, der repræsenterer dette lysbundt.The second LED, to a location away from the wire, - and two light receivers receiving, at a distance from the wire, the light beams transmitted through the optical fibers, so that each receiver for the particular beam emits a half-wave signal representing this beam.

Det er kendt, at der ved måling af strømstyrken i en højspændingsledning med en spænding på f.eks. 250 kV forekommer vanskeligheder, som skyldes den høje spænding, der hersker mellem ledningen og det sted, hvor målingen foretages. Derfor har man tidligere foreslået måleudstyr med et måleorgan, såsom en Faraday-celle, som er placeret i nærheden af ledningen, og som afgiver eller indvirker på et lyssignal, som modtages af et modtageorgan beliggende i afstand fra ledningen og i nærheden af operatøren. Et sådant arrangement gør det muligt trods den elektriske spænding at undgå enhver risiko for elektrisk udladning mellem ledningen og operatøren.It is known that when measuring the current in a high voltage line with a voltage of e.g. 250 kV difficulties occur due to the high voltage prevailing between the wire and the place where the measurement is made. Therefore, measurement devices have previously been proposed with a measuring means such as a Faraday cell which is located near the line and which emits or acts on a light signal received by a receiving means located at a distance from the line and near the operator. Such an arrangement makes it possible, despite the electrical voltage, to avoid any risk of electrical discharge between the cord and the operator.

Et sådant målearrangement har imidlertid den ulempe, at det er relativt indviklet og kostbart.However, such a measuring arrangement has the disadvantage that it is relatively complicated and expensive.

Fra CH PS 532.791 kender man et målearrangement, hvor der anvendes et interferometer med optisk modulator, der får tilført et moduleringssignal, som er proportionalt med strømstyrken i højspændingsledningen. Et sådant arrangement er også ret indviklet, og når der til frembringelse af moduleringssignalet til modulatoren anvendes ensretterdioder, er der ydermere den ulempe, at målenøjagtig-heden ikke er særlig god, fordi dioderne kun vanskeligt kan være ens og især næppe kan udvise ens egenskaber i længere tid.From CH PS 532.791 there is known a measuring arrangement using an interferometer with optical modulator, which is supplied with a modulation signal which is proportional to the current in the high voltage line. Such an arrangement is also quite complicated and when generating rectifier diodes is used to generate the modulation signal for the modulator, there is also the disadvantage that the measurement accuracy is not very good, because the diodes can only be difficult to match and in particular can hardly exhibit similar properties. longer time.

Opfindelsen tager sigte på at afhjælpe disse ulemper, og med henblik herpå er en kobling ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved, - at måledioderne er lysdioder, der i ledende tilstand afgiver et til det elektriske signals størrelse svarende lyssignal, idet de lyssignaler, som de to fiberlysledere får tilført, udgøres af lyssignalerne fra måledioderne, - at der findes en differenskreds, der i afstand fra højspændingsledningen modtager de to halvbølgesignaler og afgiver et udgangssignal i den ene eller den anden retning afhængigt af, om den modtager et halvbølgesignal fra den ene eller fra den anden af nævnte to lysmodtagere, idet udgangssignalets størrelse repræsenterer størrelsen af halvbølgesignalerne, - at der findes et måleorgan, der får tilført nævnte udgangssignal , og - at der i tilknytning til lysmodtagerne og/eller differenskred- 3 1U925 sen findes afbalanceringsmidler til kompensering for en eventuel a-symmetri hos lysdioderne og lysmodtagerne.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages, and for this purpose a coupling according to the invention is characterized in that - the measuring diodes are LEDs which in a conductive state give a signal corresponding to the size of the electrical signal, the light signals obtained by the two fiber optic conductors. supplied by the light signals from the measuring diodes - that there is a difference circuit which receives, at a distance from the high voltage line, the two half-wave signals and emits an output signal in one or the other depending on whether it receives a half-wave signal from one or the other of said two light receivers, the magnitude of the output signal representing the magnitude of the half-wave signals, - that a measuring means is provided for said output signal, and - that in connection with the light receivers and / or the difference circuit there are balancing means to compensate for any a. -ymmetry of the LEDs and receivers.

Koblingen ifølge opfindelsen er særlig enkel, idet den i umiddelbar nærhed af højspændingsledningen kun kræver de strømaftagende organer og lysdioderne, som direkte tilkobles lyslederne, medens den egentlige målekreds, nemlig differenskredsen, måleorganet og afbalanceringsmidlerne, befinder sig ved den modsatte ende af lyslederne og dermed i afstand fra ledningen, hvorfor de er direkte tilgængelige med henblik på om nødvendigt at foretage kompensering for eventuel asymmetri i dioderne.The coupling according to the invention is particularly simple in that, in the immediate vicinity of the high voltage line, it only requires the current-withdrawing means and the LEDs directly connected to the light-conductors, while the actual measuring circuit, namely the differential circuit, the measuring means and the balancing means, are at the opposite end of the light-conductors. distance from the wire, which is why they are directly accessible to compensate for any asymmetry in the diodes if necessary.

I henhold til en hensigtsmæssig udførelsesform for koblingen ifølge opfindelsen kan diodebroen omfatte fire dioder og over den ene diagonal fødes fra de nævnte strømaftagende organer, medens broens anden diagonal føder en modstand med en strøm i én retning. Fordelen herved er, at der ved passende valg af broens to andre dioder nemmere kan foretages permanent afbalancering af broen, navnlig når der er temperaturvariationer.According to a convenient embodiment of the coupling according to the invention, the diode bridge can comprise four diodes and is fed over one diagonal from said current-withdrawing means, while the other diagonal of the bridge feeds a resistance with a current in one direction. The advantage of this is that by properly selecting the two other diodes of the bridge, it is easier to make permanent balancing of the bridge, especially when there are temperature variations.

Koblingen ifølge opfindelsen kan dog gøres enklere ved, at diodebroen udgøres af de to lysdioder, der er parallelkoblede med indbyrdes modsat gennemgangsretning, hvilke dioder fødes med det elektriske signal gennem en strømbegrænsende modstand.However, the coupling according to the invention can be made simpler in that the diode bridge is made up of the two LEDs which are connected in parallel with each other in the direction of passage, which diodes are fed with the electrical signal through a current limiting resistor.

Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til den skematiske tegning, hvor fig. 1 viser et diagram over en udførelsesform for koblingen ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 2 viser et diagram over en anden udførelsesform for koblingen ifølge opfindelsen.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing, in which fig. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of the coupling according to the invention; and FIG. 2 shows a diagram of another embodiment of the coupling according to the invention.

Koblingen er beregnet til måling af strømstyrken i en højspændingsledning 2, men kan i øvrigt også anvendes til måling af andre karakteristika af denne strøm, f.eks. strømmens frekvens.The coupling is intended for measuring the current in a high voltage line 2, but can also be used for measuring other characteristics of this current, e.g. the frequency of the current.

I henhold til den første udførelsesform omfatter koblingen en transformer 4, hvis primærvikling gennemstrømmes af den strøm, man skal måle, eller af en strøm, der er proportional med den strøm, man skal måle, og hvis sekundærvikling er tilsluttet to diagonalt modstående punkter i en diodebro omfattende fire dioder D1-D4, der er således sammenkoblede, at en i broens anden diagonal indsat modstand 6 gennemstrømmes af en strøm i én retning.According to the first embodiment, the coupling comprises a transformer 4 whose primary winding is flowed by the current to be measured or by a current proportional to the current to be measured and whose secondary winding is connected to two diagonally opposite points in a a diode bridge comprising four diodes D1-D4 so interconnected that a resistor 6 inserted in the second diagonal of the bridge is flowed by a current in one direction.

Dioderne Dl og D2 er sammenkoblede på en sådan måde, at de er ledende under den ene, henholdsvis den anden halvbølge i strømmen.The diodes D1 and D2 are interconnected in such a way that they are conductive under one or the other half wave in the current, respectively.

144925 4144925 4

Disse dioder er lysdioder, der afgiver et lysbundt, som repræsenterer strømstyrken gennem dioden. Lysbundterne fra dioderne Dl og D2 tilføres indgangene til to lange optiske fibre Fl, F2, som overfører lysbundterne til to lysmodtagere RI og R2, der er beliggende i stor afstand fra ledningen 2. Disse lysmodtagere udgøres af to dioder, som er indkoblede i spærreretningen i en fælles jævnstrømskilde 8 gennem en justerbar balanceringsmodstand 10 og to belastningsmodstande 11 og 12. Signalerne fra disse to lysmodtagere tilføres indgangene til en differensforstærker 14, hvis udgangssignal tilføres et måleorgan 16.These diodes are LEDs that emit a bundle that represents the current through the diode. The light bundles from diodes D1 and D2 are supplied to the inputs of two long optical fibers F1, F2 which transmit the light bundles to two light receivers R1 and R2 located at a great distance from line 2. These light receivers are constituted by two diodes which are connected in the blocking direction in a common direct current source 8 through an adjustable balancing resistor 10 and two load resistors 11 and 12. The signals from these two light receivers are applied to the inputs of a differential amplifier 14, the output of which is applied to a measuring means 16.

Denne justerbare differenskreds giver mulighed for at opveje en eventuel asymmetri mellem strømstyrkerne i dioderne Dl og D2, mellem de lysbundter, der overføres til modtagerne Ri og R2 og mellem egenskaberne hos modtagerne Ri og R2.This adjustable differential circuit allows to offset any asymmetry between the currents in diodes D1 and D2, between the light bundles transmitted to receivers Ri and R2, and between the characteristics of receivers Ri and R2.

I henhold til den anden udførelsesform omfatter koblingen en transformer 104, hvis primærvikling gennemstrømmes af den strøm, man skal måle, eller af en strøm, der er proportional med denne strøm, medens sekundærviklingen gennem en strømbegrænsende modstand r føder to parallelkoblede dioder D5 og D6, der er indkoblede med indbyrdes modsat gennémgangsretning.According to the second embodiment, the coupling comprises a transformer 104 whose primary winding is flowed by the current to be measured or by a current proportional to this current, while the secondary winding through a current limiting resistor r feeds two parallel-connected diodes D5 and D6, which are connected with opposite direction of passage.

Dioderne D5 og D6 er således sammenkoblede, at de er ledende under den ene strømhalvbølge, henholdsvis den anden strømhalvbølge. Disse dioder er lysdioder, der afgiver et lysbundt, som repræsenterer strømstyrken gennem dioden. Lysbundterne fra de to dioder tilføres indgangene til to lange optiske fibre F'l og F'2, gennem hvilke de overføres til to lysmodtagere Ti og T2, der er beliggende i stor afstand fra ledningen 2. Disse modtagere udgøres af to fototransistorer, der fødes fra en fælles jævnstrømskilde 108, og som afgiver til to modstande R'l og R'2 i ko1lektorstrækningen to signaler, der skiftevis er nul, når transistoren ikke får tilført lys, eller proportionale med det lysbundt, der overføres til transistoren gennem den optiske fiber. Gennem modstande 33 og 34 føres disse signaler til to indgange til en differensforstærker 114 med stor forstærkning, en såkaldt operationsforstærker, hvis udgang gennem en modstand 35 er koblet tilbage til den negative indgang til forstærkeren. Udgangssignalet fra forstærkeren tilføres en modstand 36. Værdien af modstandene r, R'l, R'2, 33, 34, 35 og 36 vælges på en sådan måde, at udgangssignalet fra forstærkeren er en tro gengivelse i den ene eller den anden retning af det lysbundt, der overføres gennem de optiskeThe diodes D5 and D6 are interconnected such that they are conductive during one current half wave and the other current half wave respectively. These diodes are LEDs that emit a bundle that represents the current through the diode. The light bundles from the two diodes are supplied to the inputs of two long optical fibers F'1 and F'2, through which they are transmitted to two light receivers Ti and T2 located at a great distance from the line 2. These receivers are constituted by two phototransistors which are fed from a common direct current source 108, and emitting two resistors R'1 and R'2 in the radiator line two signals which are alternately zero when the transistor is not supplied with light, or proportional to the beam transmitted to the transistor through the optical fiber . Through resistors 33 and 34, these signals are fed to two inputs to a high gain differential amplifier 114, a so-called operational amplifier whose output through a resistor 35 is coupled back to the negative input of the amplifier. The output of the amplifier is applied to a resistor 36. The value of the resistors r, R'1, R'2, 33, 34, 35 and 36 is selected in such a way that the output of the amplifier is a true representation in one or the other of the light beam transmitted through the optical

Claims (2)

5 1U925 fibre henholdsvis ΡΊ og F'2. Hvis spændingen over udgangen fra forstærkeren betegnes V, og hvis det antages, at strømstyrken I gennem dioderne D5 og D6 er tilstrækkelig stor til, at lysbundtet fra disse dioder varierer proportionalt med strømstyrken, kan man skrive: I = BV + C, hvor B og C er konstanter, der afhænger af de anvendte komponenter. Udgangsspændingen V måles ved hjælp af et måleapparat 116.5 1U925 fibers ΡΊ and F'2, respectively. If the voltage across the output of the amplifier is denoted V, and if it is assumed that the current I through the diodes D5 and D6 is sufficiently large for the light beam from these diodes to vary proportionally to the current, one can write: I = BV + C, where B and C are constants that depend on the components used. The output voltage V is measured by a measuring device 116. 1. Kobling til måling af vekselstrømmen gennem en højspændingsledning og af den art, der omfatter: - dels strømaftagende organer (4, 104), der er anbragt i nærheden af højspændingsledningen (2) og er indrettet til at afgive et elektrisk signal, der i hovedsagen er proportionalt med strømmen gennem ledningen, idet signalets retning svarer til strømmens retning, - dels en i nærheden af ledningen (2) anbragt diodebro (Dl, D2, D3, D4j D5, D6) omfattende mindst to måledioder (Dl, D2i D5, D6), der forsynes med det nævnte elektriske signal, og som er sammenkoblede på en sådan måde, at den ene eller den anden diode er ledende, afhængigt af det elektriske signals retning, - dels to optiske fiberlysledere (FI, F2; F'l, F'2), der hver for sig overfører et lyssignal, der repræsenterer strømmen gennem den ene, henholdsvis den anden lysdiode (Dl, D2; D5, D6), til et sted i afstand fra ledningen (2), - dels to lysmodtagere (RI, R2; Ti, T2), der i.afstand fra ledningen modtager de gennem de optiske fibre (Fl, F2i F'l, F'2) overførte lysbundter, således at hver modtager for det pågældende lysbundt afgiver et halvbølgesignal, der repræsenterer dette lysbundt, kendetegnet ved, - at måledioderne (Dl, D2; D5, D6) er lysdioder, der i ledende tilstand afgiver et til det elektriske signals størrelse svarende lyssignal, idet de lyssignaler, som de to fiberlysledere (Fl, F2; F'l, F'2) får tilført, udgøres af lyssignalerne fra måledioderne, at der findes en differenskreds (14, 114), der i afstand fra højspændingsledningen (2) modtager de to halvbølgesignaler og afgi-A coupling for measuring the alternating current through a high-voltage line and of the type comprising: - partly current-removing means (4, 104) disposed in the vicinity of the high-voltage line (2) and arranged to emit an electrical signal which the principal case is proportional to the current through the line, the direction of the signal corresponding to the direction of the current, and a diode bridge (D1, D2, D3, D4, D4, D6, D6, adjacent to the line (2)) comprising at least two measuring diodes (D1, D2i D5, D6) provided with said electrical signal which are interconnected in such a way that one or the other diode is conductive, depending on the direction of the electrical signal, - and two optical fiber optic conductors (F1, F2; F'1 , F'2), each of which transmits a light signal representing the current through one or the other LED (D1, D2; D5, D6), respectively, to a location away from the line (2), and partly to two light receivers. (RI, R2; Ti, T2) that, at a distance from the wire, they receive through the opti spherical fibers (F1, F2i F'1, F'2) transmit light bundles such that each receiver for the particular beam emits a half-wave signal representing that beam, characterized in that - the measuring diodes (D1, D2; D5, D6) are LEDs which, in a conductive state, emit a signal corresponding to the size of the electrical signal, the light signals provided by the two fiber light conductors (F1, F2; F'1, F'2) being constituted by the light signals from the measuring diodes. there is a differential circuit (14, 114) which, at a distance from the high voltage line (2), receives the two half-wave signals and emits
DK12677A 1976-01-14 1977-01-13 CLUTCH FOR MEASURING AC AC IN A HIGH VOLTAGE CORD DK144925C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7600841 1976-01-14
FR7600841A FR2338498A1 (en) 1976-01-14 1976-01-14 AC measurement in HV line - employs fibre optic conductors transmitting electroluminescent diode output to receiver
FR7609395 1976-03-31
FR7609395A FR2346724A2 (en) 1976-03-31 1976-03-31 AC measurement in HV line - employs fibre optic conductors transmitting electroluminescent diode output to receiver

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK12677A DK12677A (en) 1977-07-15
DK144925B true DK144925B (en) 1982-07-05
DK144925C DK144925C (en) 1983-01-17

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CA (1) CA1069977A (en)
DE (1) DE2700717A1 (en)
DK (1) DK144925C (en)
GB (1) GB1509830A (en)
IT (1) IT1078398B (en)
NL (1) NL7700292A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE414429B (en) * 1978-10-27 1980-07-28 Asea Ab METDON WITH OPTICAL SIGNAL TRANSFER
DE3506195A1 (en) * 1985-02-22 1986-08-28 René 5100 Aachen Baltus Measuring circuit for detecting the power of a load
DE10200650A1 (en) * 2002-01-10 2003-05-28 Infineon Technologies Ag Current measurement device, e.g. for measurement of electric motor loading, has a serial measurement resistance together with a pulse width modulator, the output of which is proportional to the voltage across the resistance

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DE2700717A1 (en) 1977-07-21
DK144925C (en) 1983-01-17
GB1509830A (en) 1978-05-04
CA1069977A (en) 1980-01-15
IT1078398B (en) 1985-05-08
NL7700292A (en) 1977-07-18
DK12677A (en) 1977-07-15

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