DK144469B - CRANE WITH A CRANE STONE CONSISTING OF A BODY CONNECTED WITH A LOWER LEATHER PART AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A CRANE - Google Patents
CRANE WITH A CRANE STONE CONSISTING OF A BODY CONNECTED WITH A LOWER LEATHER PART AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A CRANE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK144469B DK144469B DK4378AA DK4378A DK144469B DK 144469 B DK144469 B DK 144469B DK 4378A A DK4378A A DK 4378AA DK 4378 A DK4378 A DK 4378A DK 144469 B DK144469 B DK 144469B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- crane
- stem
- procedure
- manufacturing
- pin
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title 1
- 241000288140 Gruiformes Species 0.000 description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/54—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with pneumatic or hydraulic motors, e.g. for actuating jib-cranes on tractors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
- F16B2200/10—Details of socket shapes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Description
144469 1 Opfindelsen angår en kran, som angivet i krav l's indledning.The invention relates to a crane as set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
Især ved større mobilkraner er kranstammen i reglen opbygget af en øvre hoveddel og en nederste lejringsdel, der sam-5 menbygges til en enhed. Lejringsdelen fungerer som lejrings-tap for kranstammen i kranfoden og skal via en tandkrans o-verføre drejningsmomentet fra kranens drejemekanisme, der i reglen består af en frem og tilbage forskydelig tandstang.Especially for larger mobile cranes, the crane trunk is usually made up of an upper body part and a lower bearing part, which are assembled into a unit. The bearing part acts as a bearing loss for the crane stem in the crane foot and must via a dental crane o-transmit the torque from the crane's turning mechanism, which usually consists of a reciprocally displaceable rack.
Den maksimalt tilladelige køretøjsbredde begrænser den til 10 rådighed værende plads for kranfoden med dens drejemekanisme, og ved konstruktionen af kranfoden er man på grund af den begramsede plads blevet tvunget til at udforme tandkransen direkte i den rørformede væg af den nederste kran-stammedel. For at opfylde de styrkekrav, der gælder for 15 tandkransen, må der bruges stål med stor styrke til den nederste kranstammedel.The maximum permissible vehicle width limits the crane foot space available with its pivot mechanism, and due to the limited space, the crane foot has been forced to form directly into the tubular wall of the lower crane stem member. To meet the strength requirements of the 15 dental crown, high strength steel must be used for the lower crane stem.
Det er kendt at sammenføje kranstammedelene ved svejsning.It is known to join the crane stem parts by welding.
Dette forudsætter imidlertid svejsbart stål, som for tandkransens vedkommende må være hærdbart, og man må således ud-20 føre hærdning og varmebehandling af kranstammens underdel.However, this requires weldable steel, which in the case of the dental crown must be hardenable, and thus hardening and heat treatment of the lower part of the crane stem must be carried out.
Dertil kommer problemet med varmespændinger og strukturændringer i materialet omkring svejseområdet. For at undgå disse problemer og omkostninger vil man helst have frihed til at vælge et stål af høj styrke til kranstammens underdel, 25 men uden hensyn til svejsbarheden.Add to this the problem of heat stresses and structural changes in the material around the welding area. In order to avoid these problems and costs, it is preferable to have the freedom to select a high-strength steel for the crane stem bottom, but without regard to weldability.
Man kan derfor anvende en anden kendt fremgangsmåde, ifølge hvilken hver kranstammedel er forsynet med en ringformet ydre flange, ved hjælp af hvilken delene er fastgjort til 2 U4469 1 hinanden med bolte. Flangeforbindelsen kræver imidlertid temmelig meget plads og bliver tung på grund af den store materialemængde. Foruden ulempen ved vægten og pladsbehovet bidrager den store materialemængde sammen med boltene til, 5 at omkostningerne til flangeforbindelsen bliver ret store.It is therefore possible to use a different known method according to which each crane stem member is provided with an annular outer flange, by means of which the parts are secured to each other by bolts. However, the flange connection requires quite a lot of space and becomes heavy due to the large amount of material. In addition to the disadvantage of the weight and the space requirement, the large amount of material together with the bolts 5 contributes to the cost of the flange connection being quite large.
Opfindelsen har til formål at anvise en ny udformning af kranstammens overdel og underdel med det formål at opnå besparelse af materiale, plads og omkostninger i forhold til de tidligere kendte sammenføjningsmetoder.The invention has for its object to provide a new design of the top and bottom of the crane trunk with the aim of saving material, space and costs in relation to the prior art joining methods.
10 Dette er ifølge opfindelsen opnået ved, at den nederste kranstammedel, som er forsynet med en tandkrans, foroven er udformet som en med udvendigt gevind forsynet tap, hvorpå der er skruet en med tilsvarende indvendigt gevind forsynet muffeformet del i den nederste ende af kranstammens hoved-15 del, og at den nederste kranstammedel under den gevindskår-ne tap er forsynet med en krave, mod hvilken den muffeformede del holdes fastpresset.This is achieved according to the invention in that the lower crane stem part, which is provided with a toothed ring, is formed at the top as an external threaded pin, on which a sleeve-shaped part is screwed into the lower end of the head of the crane trunk. -15 part, and that the lower crane stem part under the threaded pin is provided with a collar against which the sleeve-shaped part is held firmly pressed.
Ved hjælp af opfindelsen opnås blandt andet følgende fordele: Frihed til at vælge materialekvalitet uden hensyn til 20 svejsbarheden, betydelige materiale- og omkostningsbesparelser samt en nem udskiftning af slidte kranstammedele.The invention provides, among other things, the following advantages: Freedom to choose material quality without regard to weldability, significant material and cost savings, and easy replacement of worn crane stem parts.
Opfindelsen angår også en fremgangsmåde ved fremstillingen af en sådan kran til etablering af forbindelsen mellem kranstammens nedre og øvre del, som angivet i krav 2's ind-25 ledning. Denne fremgangsmåde er ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved, at kranstammehoveddelen med sin muffeformede del skrues på tappen og spændes så hårdt mod kraven, at elasticitetsgrænsen af materialet i en ringzone mellem kraven og tappen under dennes gevindskårne del overskrides, at kran-30 stammehoveddelen derefter skrues løs, samt at kranstammeho-veddelen igen skrues fast på tappen, dog ikke så hårdt, at elasticitetsgrænsen overskrides.The invention also relates to a method of making such a crane for establishing the connection between the lower and upper parts of the crane trunk, as set forth in the preamble of claim 2. According to the invention, this method is characterized in that the crane body part with its sleeve-shaped part is screwed onto the pin and tightened so tightly against the collar that the elastic limit of the material in a ring zone between the collar and the pin below its threaded part is exceeded that the crane body part is then unscrewed. and that the crane stem ho member is again screwed onto the pin, though not so hard that the limit of elasticity is exceeded.
Ved anvendelse af denne fremgangsmåde vil materialet i den nævnte ringzone blive plastificeret ved den første påskru- 3 146669 1 ning af den muffeformede del på tappen. Ved den påfølgende: afskruning af den muffeformede del vil materialet på begge sider af den plastificerede zone trække sig sammen og derved opbygge en trykspænding i den plastificerede ringzone.Using this method, the material in said ring zone will be plasticized by the first screwing on of the sleeve-shaped portion of the pin. In the ensuing: unscrewing of the sleeve-shaped portion, the material on both sides of the plasticized zone will contract and thereby build up a compressive stress in the plasticized ring zone.
5 Når den muffeformede del igen skrues på tappen, vil der opstå en forspænding mellem disse to dele, hvorved der uden hjælp af særlige fastholdelsesorganer opstår et tilstrækkeligt stort tilspændingsmoment til at forhindre, at kranstammens overdel under kranens arbejde vrides løs fra dens 10 underdel, idet man desuden opnår, at spændingsamplituden i forbindelsen bliver så lav, at træthedsbrud undgås.When the sleeve-shaped part is screwed again on the pin, a bias will occur between these two parts, whereby, without the aid of special retaining means, a sufficiently tightening torque is created to prevent the top of the crane trunk during the work of the crane from being detached from its bottom part. it is furthermore obtained that the voltage amplitude of the connection becomes so low that fatigue breaks are avoided.
Opfindelsen vil blive forklaret nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 delvis skematisk viser et sidebil-15 lede af en køretøjsbåret lastkran ifølge opfindelsen i sin arbejdsstilling, fig. 2 i større skala er et sidebillede af kranstammens nederste lejrings-20 del og den nederste ende af kran stammens hoveddel, delvis i snit, og fig. 3 i endnu større skala viser et lodret snit gennem en del af skrue-25 forbindelsen mellem kranstammens hoveddel og dens lejringsdel.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which 1 is a partial schematic view of a side view of a vehicle-loaded load crane according to the invention in its working position; FIG. 2 is a larger scale side view of the crane stem's lower bearing portion 20 and the lower end of the crane stem's body portion, partially in section; and FIG. 3 on an even larger scale shows a vertical section through a portion of the screw connection between the main part of the crane trunk and its bearing part.
Den i fig. 1 viste lastkran består af en på et køretøjs 1 chassisbjælker 2 anbragt kranfod 3, en i denne drejeligt lejret kranstamme 4, en ved hjælp af en hydraulikcylinder 30 5,6 i et lodret plan svingelig kranarm 7 og en ved dennes frie ende ved hjælp af en anden hydraulikcylinder 8,9 i et lodret plan svingelig vippearm 10. Kranstammen 4 drejes ved hjælp af en af et hydraulisk aggregat 11 frem og tilbage forskydelig tandstang 12, hvis tænder indgriber mellem tæn-35 derne på en tandkrans 13, der er udformet i ét stykke med kranstammens 4 som lejringsdel tjenende nederste del 14.Lejef laderne på denne del af kranstammen er betegnet med 15 4 14Λ469 1 og 16. Tilsvarende, ikke viste indvendige lejeflader er an-ordnet i kranfoden 3.The FIG. 1 is a crane foot 3 mounted on a chassis beams 2 of a vehicle 1, a crane stem 4 mounted in this rotatably mounted crane stem 4, a crane arm 7 which can be swiveled vertically by a hydraulic cylinder 30, and a crane arm 7 at its free end. another hydraulic cylinder 8.9 in a vertical plane pivotal rocker arm 10. The crane stem 4 is rotated by means of a reciprocally displaceable rack 12 of a hydraulic assembly 11, the teeth of which engage between the teeth of a gear ring 13 formed in one piece with the lower part 14 of the crane trunk 4 serving as the bearing part. Bearing the chargers on this part of the crane trunk is indicated by 15 4 14Λ469 1 and 16. Corresponding internal bearing surfaces not shown are arranged in the crane base 3.
Den som en hul tap 14a udformede øverste ende af lejrings-delen 14, som også er rørformet, er forsynet med et udven-5 digt gevind 17, og under dette findes en ringformet krave 18. Mellem denne og gevindet 17 findes en rundtgående rille 19, der tjener som frigang for gevindstålet ved skæring af gevindet.The upper end of the bearing part 14, which is also tubular, is formed as a hollow pin 14a and is provided with an external thread 17, below which there is an annular collar 18. Between this and the thread 17 there is a circular groove 19 which serves as a release for the threaded steel when cutting the thread.
Kranstammens 4 hoveddel 20 består af et rør, ved hvis ne-10 derste del der er fastsvejst en muffeformet del 21. Denne er forsynet med en eller to flige 22, som gennemtrænges af en bolt 23 til fastgøring af hydraulikcylinderens 5,6 ne-derste ende til kranstammen 4. Den muffeformede del 21 er forsynet med et til det udvendige gevind 17 på tappen 14a 15 svarende indvendigt gevind 24.The main part 20 of the crane stem 4 consists of a pipe, at the lower part of which is welded a sleeve-shaped part 21. This is provided with one or two lugs 22, which are penetrated by a bolt 23 for securing the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 5,6 end of the crane stem 4. The sleeve-shaped portion 21 is provided with an internal thread 24 corresponding to the external thread 17 on the pin 14a 15.
Ved denne konstruktion kan man til lejringsdelen 14, som danner et let bearbejdeligt rotationssymmetrisk legeme, vælge et stål, som giver tilstrækkelig styrke til tandkransen 13 uden at behøve at være svejsbart. Den muffeformede 20 del 21 kan fremstilles som stålstøbegods, der er svejsbart, formbestandigt og let bearbejdeligt ved hjælp af spåntagende værktøjer.In this construction, for the bearing part 14, which forms an easily machinable rotationally symmetrical body, a steel can be selected which provides sufficient strength to the tooth rim 13 without having to be weldable. The sleeve-shaped part 20 can be manufactured as steel castings which are weldable, mold-resistant and easily machinable by means of cutting tools.
Sammensætningen af kranstammens 4 hoveddel 20,21 med lejringsdelen 14 sker hensigtsmæssigt på følgende måde: Først 25 skrues kranstammedelen 20,21 på tappen 14a og spændes så hårdt mod den som anslag tjenende krave 18, at spændingen i materialet i en ringformet zone 25, fig. 3, mellem kraven 18 og lejringsdelens 14 hoveddel overskrider materialets elasticitetsgrænse, medens materialet i lejringsdelen 14 iøvrigt 30 ikke overskrider sin elasticitetsgrænse. Derefter skrues kranstammedelen 20,21 atter løs fra tappen 14a. Materialet på begge sider af den plastificerede zone 25 trækker sig da sammen og opbygger en trykspænding i denne zone. Sluttelig skrues kranstammedelen 4 igen på tappen 14a, men denne gang 5 146469 1 ikke hårdere end at spændingerne i zonen 25 holder sig under elasticitetsgrænsen. Tilspændingen afpasses således, at der opnås en forspænding i skrueforbindelsen, der svarer til den højeste påvirkning, som det ydre lastmoment ved 5 kranarmens svingning i det lodrette og vandrette plan forventes at udøve på skrueforbindelsen. Herved opnås, at forskellen mellem spændingerne i kranstammen, når kranen er i hvile, og når den arbejder med maksimal belastning, bliver meget lille.The assembly of the main part 20,21 of the crane trunk 4 with the bearing part 14 is conveniently carried out as follows: First 25, the crane trunk part 20,21 is screwed onto the pin 14a and tightened so hard against the collar 18 serving as the tension in the material in an annular zone 25, fig. . 3, between the collar 18 and the main part of the bearing part 14 exceeds the limit of elasticity of the material, while the material of the bearing part 14 does not exceed 30 its limit of elasticity. Then the crane stem portion 20,21 is unscrewed again from the pin 14a. The material on both sides of the plasticized zone 25 then contracts and builds up a compressive stress in that zone. Finally, the crane stem portion 4 is screwed again on the pin 14a, but this time no harder than the stresses in zone 25 staying below the elastic limit. The clamping is adjusted so as to obtain a bias in the screw connection which corresponds to the highest impact that the external load torque at the crane arm swing in the vertical and horizontal plane is expected to exert on the screw connection. This results in the difference between the tensions in the crane trunk, when the crane is at rest and when operating at maximum load, becomes very small.
10 Den forspænding, som opnås ved denne monteringsmetode, sikrer at skrueforbindelsen ikke løsner sig under kranens arbejde. Desuden opnås ved den beskrevne monteringsmåde på grund af den viste udformning af den muffeformede dels 21 nederste ende, rillen 19 og kraven 18 den fordel, at de ved 15 forspændingen opståede materialespændinger kan styres på en sådan måde, at træ hedsstyrken af skrueforbindelsen forøges .10 The prestress obtained by this mounting method ensures that the screw connection does not come loose during the operation of the crane. Furthermore, by the described mounting method, due to the shown design of the lower end of the sleeve-shaped part 21, the groove 19 and the collar 18, the advantage is obtained that the material stresses arising at the prestressing can be controlled in such a way that the tensile strength of the screw connection is increased.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7700459A SE403609B (en) | 1977-01-18 | 1977-01-18 | PROCEDURE WHEN INSTALLING A CRANE FRAME |
| SE7700459 | 1977-01-18 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK4378A DK4378A (en) | 1978-07-19 |
| DK144469B true DK144469B (en) | 1982-03-15 |
| DK144469C DK144469C (en) | 1982-08-23 |
Family
ID=20330196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK4378A DK144469C (en) | 1977-01-18 | 1978-01-05 | CRANE WITH A CRANE STAND CONSISTING OF A MAJOR PART JOINED BY A LOWER LEATHER PART, AND PROCEDURES FOR THE PREPARATION OF SUCH CRANE |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4170854A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5391254A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT355763B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2754681A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK144469C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI59971C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2377352A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1091660B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE403609B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0302262B1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1996-08-28 | Tektronix, Inc. | High speed partioned reduced instruction set computer |
| US6253502B1 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2001-07-03 | George F. Layton | Van with extensible boom |
| JP4695355B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2011-06-08 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Boom / arm member for construction machine with excellent weld fatigue strength and method for manufacturing the same |
| US20140255620A1 (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-11 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Sonic grain refinement of laser deposits |
| CN111762698B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-08-23 | 浙江中起起重科技有限公司 | Cantilever crane of high flexibility |
| CN113818700A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-21 | 中冶(上海)钢结构科技有限公司 | Leveling device and method for quickly mounting and positioning columnar member |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3128883A (en) * | 1964-04-14 | Swingable boom turret structure for mobile vehicles | ||
| US2478094A (en) * | 1946-01-09 | 1949-08-02 | Gelbman Louis | Truck hoist |
| BE489685A (en) * | 1948-06-18 | |||
| US2796998A (en) * | 1952-12-06 | 1957-06-25 | Sundin Eric Olov | Device for swinging the boom of a hydraulic elevating apparatus |
| US3279835A (en) * | 1964-02-12 | 1966-10-18 | Anderson Co | Adapter |
| US3289855A (en) * | 1965-01-06 | 1966-12-06 | Ohio Brass Co | Derrick |
| US3477595A (en) * | 1967-03-03 | 1969-11-11 | Greater Iowa Corp | Carriage mechanism for a load handling device |
| US3669281A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1972-06-13 | Frank G Woodside | Vehicle mounted hoist |
| FR2077823A7 (en) * | 1970-02-17 | 1971-11-05 | Douce Jacques |
-
1977
- 1977-01-18 SE SE7700459A patent/SE403609B/en unknown
- 1977-12-08 DE DE19772754681 patent/DE2754681A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-12-09 IT IT69756/77A patent/IT1091660B/en active
- 1977-12-09 AT AT880677A patent/AT355763B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-12-12 FI FI773740A patent/FI59971C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-12-15 US US05/860,681 patent/US4170854A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-12-20 JP JP15247377A patent/JPS5391254A/en active Pending
-
1978
- 1978-01-04 FR FR7800604A patent/FR2377352A1/en active Granted
- 1978-01-05 DK DK4378A patent/DK144469C/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1091660B (en) | 1985-07-06 |
| DK144469C (en) | 1982-08-23 |
| SE7700459L (en) | 1978-07-19 |
| FI59971B (en) | 1981-07-31 |
| DE2754681A1 (en) | 1978-07-20 |
| DK4378A (en) | 1978-07-19 |
| JPS5391254A (en) | 1978-08-10 |
| FI59971C (en) | 1981-11-10 |
| SE403609B (en) | 1978-08-28 |
| FR2377352B1 (en) | 1982-04-09 |
| ATA880677A (en) | 1979-08-15 |
| FR2377352A1 (en) | 1978-08-11 |
| FI773740A (en) | 1978-07-19 |
| AT355763B (en) | 1980-03-25 |
| US4170854A (en) | 1979-10-16 |
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