DK144297B - METHOD AND METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF CARBON HYDRADIC OIL AND RAW OIL FROM WATER SURFACES - Google Patents
METHOD AND METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF CARBON HYDRADIC OIL AND RAW OIL FROM WATER SURFACES Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK144297B DK144297B DK202274AA DK202274A DK144297B DK 144297 B DK144297 B DK 144297B DK 202274A A DK202274A A DK 202274AA DK 202274 A DK202274 A DK 202274A DK 144297 B DK144297 B DK 144297B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- water
- crude oil
- hydradic
- removal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
- B01D17/047—Breaking emulsions with separation aids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/344—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used for digestion of mineral oil
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
(19) DANMARK CS·(19) DENMARK CS ·
S (12) FREMLÆGGELSESSKRIFT od 1Ml297 BS (12) PUBLICATION MANUAL OR 1M297 B
DIREKTORATET FOR PATENT- OG VAREMÆRKEVÆSENETDIRECTORATE OF THE PATENT AND TRADEMARKET SYSTEM
(21) Ansøgning nr. 2022/74 (51) Int.CI.3 C 02 F 3/00 (22) Indleveringsdag 10. apr. 1974 C 09 K 3/32 (24) Løbedag 10. apr. 1974 E 02 B 15/04 (41) Aim. tilgængelig 14. okt. 1974 (44) Fremlagt 8. fsb. 1982 (86) International ansøgning nr.(21) Application No. 2022/74 (51) Int.CI.3 C 02 F 3/00 (22) Filing date 10 Apr. 1974 C 09 K 3/32 (24) Running day 10 Apr 1974 E 02 B 15/04 (41) Aim. available Oct 14 1974 (44) Submitted 8. fsb. 1982 (86) International application no.
(86) International indleveringsdag (85) Videreførelsesdag -(62) Stamansøgning nr. -(86) International filing day (85) Continuation day - (62) Master application no. -
(30) Prioritet 13· apr. 1973, 22951/73, IT(30) Priority 13 Apr 1973, 22951/73, IT
(71) Ansøger jSNAM PROGETTI S.P.A., Milano, IT.(71) Applicant jSNAM PROGETTI S.P.A., Milan, IT.
(72) Opfinder Walter Marconi, IT: Nicola OåcLo, IT: Ludwig Legen, IT.(72) Inventor Walter Marconi, IT: Nicola OåcLo, IT: Ludwig Legen, IT.
(74) Fuldmægtig Internationalt Patent-Bureau.(74) International Patent Bureau.
(54) Fremgangsmåde og middel til f jer= nelse af carbonhydrider, olie og råolie fra vandoverflader.(54) Process and means for removing hydrocarbons, oil and crude oil from water surfaces.
Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til fjernelse af carbonhydrider, olie og råolie fra vandoverflader og tager således specielt sigte på bekæmpelse af forurening af kyster, ferskvand og havvand med sådanne stoffer.The invention relates to a method for removing hydrocarbons, oil and crude oil from water surfaces and thus is particularly aimed at combating pollution of coasts, fresh water and sea water with such substances.
De kendte fremgangsmåder til fjernelse af olieforureninger fra vandoverflader består for det meste i spredning af absorberende midler, såsom strå, silikater, syntetiske materialer etc., på den forurenede overflade. Andre fremgangs-jq måder anvender overfladeaktive midler eller omfatter spredning af mikroorganisme- s* blandinger, eventuelt absorberet på indifferente bærere, hvilke mikroorganismer ^7 kan fordøje råoliens komponenter.The known methods for removing oil contaminants from water surfaces are mostly in the spread of absorbents, such as straw, silicates, synthetic materials, etc., on the contaminated surface. Other methods employ surfactants or include the spread of microorganism mixtures, optionally absorbed on inert carriers, which microorganisms can digest the components of crude oil.
;j. Nogle stoffer, såsom strå, savsmuld etc., opsuger råolien, flyder og kan i" o — så udvindes, mens andre, såsom silikater, synker sammen med den absorberede olie.J. Some substances, such as straw, sawdust, etc., absorb the crude oil, flow and can be extracted in "o - so, while others, such as silicates, sink with the absorbed oil.
Det er klart, at en sådan fremgangsmåde bevirker, at en stor mængde af carbonhydri- i 2 U4297 der opsamles på bunden,som således forurenes. Yderligere kan den absorberede olie langsomt frigøres i det lange løb.Obviously, such a process causes a large amount of hydrocarbon to be collected on the bottom, which is thus contaminated. Further, the absorbed oil can be slowly released in the long run.
De overfladeaktive midler, der må anvendes i store mængder for at opnå en god dispersion af råolien, fjerner kun carbonhydriderne forbigående og er desuden også toxiske for faunaen og floraen i vandet.The surfactants, which must be used in large quantities to obtain a good dispersion of the crude oil, only transiently removes the hydrocarbons and are also toxic to the fauna and flora in the water.
Det er kendt, at havets mikroflora indeholder flere mikrobielle arter, som kan fordøje størstedelen af de carbonhydrider, som udgør olieforureningerne på havene. Imidlertid er hastigheden og graden af denne biologiske proces begrænset af nogle faktorer, såsom omgivelsernes for lave temperatur, den ringe koncentration af assimilerbare nitrogen- og phosphorforbinde Iser og den snævre kontaktflade med vandet. I havvand afhænger indholdet af nitrogenforbindelser (ammoniumnitrater og salte) af årstiden, afstanden fra land og dybden og ligger 3 i området fra 10-500 mg/m . Den ringe mængde phosphorforbindeIser skyldes delvis den ringe opløselighed af mange phosphater ved havvandets basiske pH, og mængden 3 ligger i området fra 10-100 mg/m . Som følge deraf har en berigelse af den naturlige flora med bakteriekulturer en ringe virkning på grund af de lave koncentrationer af nitrogen- og phosphorforbindelser, som er vækstbegrænsende faktorer.It is known that the microflora of the ocean contain several microbial species which can digest most of the hydrocarbons which make up the oil pollution at sea. However, the speed and degree of this biological process is limited by some factors, such as the ambient low temperature, the low concentration of assimilable nitrogen- and phosphorus-linked Ises, and the close contact with the water. In seawater, the content of nitrogen compounds (ammonium nitrates and salts) depends on the season, the distance from the land and the depth, and lies in the range of 10-500 mg / m. The small amount of phosphorus compounds is partly due to the poor solubility of many phosphates at the basic pH of the seawater, and the amount 3 is in the range of 10-100 mg / m. As a result, enrichment of the natural flora with bacterial cultures has little effect due to the low concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds which are growth limiting factors.
Det kendes fra laboratorieforsøg, at bionedbrydningen af olier forøges med passende gødningsmidler, såsom ammoniumsalte, nitrat og phosphater. Simpel tilsætning af disse salte til det forurenede vand kan ikke udføres i naturen, end ikke i lukkede og lavvandede vandbassiner, fordi de tilsatte salt, selv i større mængder, spredes i løbet af kort tid.It is known from laboratory experiments that the biodegradation of oils is increased by suitable fertilizers such as ammonium salts, nitrates and phosphates. Simple addition of these salts to the contaminated water cannot be done in nature, even in closed and shallow water basins, because the salt added, even in large quantities, dissipates in a short time.
I beskrivelsen til de danske patentansøgninger nr. 776/72 og 922/73 foreslås det at bekæmpe olieforureninger på vandoverflader ved hjælp af blandinger af oleofile bestanddele, i form af fedtsyrer, med i vand kun lidt opløselige næringsbestanddele, f.eks. nitrogen- og phosphorholdige næringssalte, for de mikroorganismer, som skal fordøje olien. De anvendte fedtsyrer har imidlertid overfladeaktive egenskaber, som vil bidrage til at hæmme udnyttelsen af atmosfærisk oxygen, hvortil kommer, at de i sig selv bidrager til forureningen.In the description of Danish patent applications Nos. 776/72 and 922/73, it is proposed to combat oil contamination on water surfaces by means of mixtures of oleophilic constituents, in the form of fatty acids, with only water-soluble nutrients in water, e.g. nitrogen and phosphorus-containing nutrient salts, for the microorganisms that will digest the oil. However, the fatty acids used have surfactant properties which will help to inhibit the utilization of atmospheric oxygen, in addition to themselves contributing to the pollution.
Disse mangler modvirkes effektivt ved anvendelse af fremgangsmåden ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse.These deficiencies are effectively counteracted using the method of the present invention.
Ved denne tilføres, ligesom ved førnævnte kendte fremgangsmåder, materialer, der indeholder oleofile bestanddele sammen med i vand kun lidt opløselige nitrogen- og phosphorholdige salte, som er assimilerbare af de vand-mikroorga-nusmer, der kan fordøje carbonhydrider. Fremgangsnåden ifølge opfindelsen er i-midlertid ejendommelig ved, at det anvendte materiale som oleofil bestanddel indeholder paraffin i form af et overtræk.In this way, as with the aforementioned known processes, materials containing oleophilic constituents together with water-soluble nitrogen and phosphorus-containing salts which are assimilable by the water microorganisms capable of digesting hydrocarbons are added. The process according to the invention is temporarily characterized in that the material used as an oleophilic component contains paraffin in the form of a coating.
Foruden at gøre materialet flydedygtigt bevirker paraffinovertrækket, at der sikres en kraftig adhesion af de forurenende carbonhydrider, hvilket forøger flydeevnen. Overtrækket er effektivt vandfrasfødende og har ikke overfladeaktive 144297 3 virkninger. På den måde skabes en øget transport af både næringsmidler og atmosfærisk oxygen til mikroorganismerne. På den anden side standser det den øjeblikkelige opløsning og dispersionen af næringsstofferne. Transporten af næringssalte foregår tilpas langsomt, så at mikroorganismernes virksomhed støttes i tilstrækkelig lang tid til, at de kan fjerne alle olieforureningerne. Dannelsen af mikrobielle omgivelser rundt om næringssalt-råolie-agglomeratet fremmes, og der fås god kolonidannelse af mikroorganismer på råolieoverfladen.In addition to making the material flowable, the paraffin coating ensures a strong adhesion of the contaminating hydrocarbons, which increases the flowability. The coating is effectively water-repellent and has no surfactant effects. In this way, an increased transport of both food and atmospheric oxygen is created for the microorganisms. On the other hand, it stops the immediate dissolution and dispersion of the nutrients. The transport of nutrient salts takes place slowly, so that the activity of the microorganisms is supported for a sufficient period of time to remove all the oil contaminants. The formation of microbial environments around the nutrient-salt crude oil agglomerate is promoted and good colony formation of microorganisms on the crude oil surface is obtained.
Som nitrogenholdige forbindelser kan anvendes ammoniumsalte, nitrater eller urinstof, og som phosphorholdige forbindelser kan anvendes natrium-, kalium-og ammoniumphosphater, superphosphat eller magnesiumammoniumphosphat. En vigtig fordel ved anvendelse af magnesiumammoniumphosphat består deri, at dette salt er ringe opløseligt i vand og danner en aflejring, som langsomt udvikler ammonium- og phosphationer, som mikroorganismerne let kan absorbere.As nitrogenous compounds can be used ammonium salts, nitrates or urea, and as phosphorus containing compounds sodium, potassium and ammonium phosphates, superphosphate or magnesium ammonium phosphate can be used. An important advantage of using magnesium ammonium phosphate is that this salt is poorly soluble in water and forms a deposit which slowly develops ammonium and phosphate ions which the microorganisms can readily absorb.
Ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse er næringssaltene indeholdende nitrogen og phosphor hensigtsmæssigt inkorporeret i lipofile og flydedygtige tabletter eller pellets belagt med paraffin. Sådanne tabletter eller pellets kan fremstilles indeholdende de ovennævnte nitrogen- og phosphorforbindelser blandet med ammoniumhydrogencarbonat. Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat, der efter presning af blandingen spaltes og giver gasformig ammoniak og CC^ ved termisk behandling mellem 80 og 100°C, muliggør, at man opnår tabletter med massefylde mindre end 1. Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat anvendes alt efter næringsstofferne og den ønskede massefylde af tabletten i koncentrationer i området fra 45-60% vægt/vægt.According to the present invention, the nutrient salts containing nitrogen and phosphorus are conveniently incorporated into lipophilic and liquid tablets or pellets coated with paraffin. Such tablets or pellets may be prepared containing the above-mentioned nitrogen and phosphorus compounds mixed with ammonium hydrogen carbonate. Ammonium bicarbonate, which after cleavage of the mixture, cleaves to give gaseous ammonia and CC in the range of 45-60% w / w.
Det har yderligere vist sig, at det er muligt at lade næringssaltene være absorberet af indifferente bærere, som så er gjort flydedygtige og lipofile ved paraffinbehandling. Som porøse og indifferente bærere kan anvendes pimpsten, agriperlit, perlofon, vermiculit eller andre silikater og også aluminiumoxid.It has further been found that it is possible to leave the nutrient salts absorbed by inert carriers which are then rendered liquid and lipophilic by paraffin treatment. As porous and inert carriers, pumice, agriperlite, perlophone, vermiculite or other silicates and also alumina may be used.
Imprægneringsprocessen kan let gennemføres. Der fremstilles mættede opløsninger indeholdende næringssaltene, og bærene imprægneres i en roterende tørrer under vakuum, og tørringen udføres ved en temperatur på fra 60-180°C. Paraffinbehandlingen udføres derefter i dpt samme apparat.The impregnation process can be easily carried out. Saturated solutions containing the nutrient salts are prepared and the berries are impregnated in a rotary dryer under vacuum and the drying is carried out at a temperature of 60-180 ° C. The paraffin treatment is then carried out in the same apparatus.
Ved hjælp af de nævnte midler er det muligt i løbet af kort tid at fjerne forureninger af carbonhydrider og råolie fra vandoverflader.By means of said means, it is possible in a short time to remove contaminants of hydrocarbons and crude oil from water surfaces.
De ifølge opfindelsen fremstillede blandinger kan oplagres i et meget langt tidsrum, er ikke toxiske, kan let bringes til anvendelsesstedet og let udspredes på de forurenede overflader. En vigtig fordel ved opfindelsen er det, at næringsstofferne fremskynder en naturlig bionedbrydning af de forurenende stoffer, uden at de påvirker den økologiske balance, f.eks. entropi-processen, hvilket sker efter en mekanisme, der kan opsummeres som følger: Næringssaltenes lipofile partikler hænger ved og blandes med olieforureningerne, saltene opløses langsomt og danner omgivelser med større indhold af næringssalte. Bakterierne i den naturlige vandflora vokser på grund af polariteten i kontaktfladen og dan 144297 4 ner overfladeaktive metabolismestoffer. Vandets bevægelser og vindens påvirkning bevirker efter kort tid opbrydning af råolieansamlingerne og dannelse af en emulsion, hvori mikroorganismeangrebet yderligere fremmes.The mixtures prepared according to the invention can be stored for a very long period of time, are non-toxic, can easily be brought to the site of application and easily spread on the contaminated surfaces. An important advantage of the invention is that the nutrients accelerate a natural biodegradation of the pollutants without affecting the ecological balance, e.g. the entropy process, which occurs following a mechanism that can be summarized as follows: The lipophilic particles of the nutrient salts adhere to and mix with the oil contaminants, the salts dissolve slowly and form environments with higher nutrient salts. The bacteria in the natural water flora grow due to the polarity of the contact surface and form surfactant metabolism substances. The movements of the water and the influence of the wind, after a short time, cause the break-up of the crude oil accumulations and the formation of an emulsion in which the microorganism attack is further promoted.
Endnu en fordel ved anvendelse af de nævnte processer til fjernelse af carbonhydrider og råolier fra vandoverflader består i, at der ikke anvendes Materialer, som kan bevirke efterfølgende vandforurening, f.eks. "sinkers", syntetiske absorptions- eller dispergeringsmidler, etc. Efter anvendelsen er der tilbage rester, der i tilfældet med porøse materialer består af mineraler, som allerede er tilstede i de naturlige omgivelser. Opfindelsen belyses nærmere ved hjælp af følgende eksempler.Another advantage of using the mentioned processes for removing hydrocarbons and crude oils from water surfaces is that there are no materials used which can cause subsequent water pollution, e.g. "sinkers", synthetic absorbents or dispersants, etc. After use, there are residual residues which, in the case of porous materials, consist of minerals already present in the natural environment. The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Opfindelsen angår også et middel til anvendelse ved den omhandlede fremgangsmåde, omfattende oleofile bestanddele sammen med i vand kun lidt opløselige nitrogen- og phosphorholdige salte, som er assimilerbare af de vand-mikroorganismer, som kan fordøje carbonhydrider, hvilket middel er ejendommeligt ved, at det som oleofil bestanddel indeholder paraffin i form af et overtræk.The invention also relates to an agent for use in the present process, comprising oleophilic constituents together with water-only soluble nitrogen and phosphorus salts which are assimilable by the water microorganisms capable of digesting hydrocarbons, which is characterized in that it as oleophilic component contains paraffin in the form of a coating.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende ved hjælp af nogle udførelseseksempler:The invention is explained in more detail below by means of some exemplary embodiments:
Eksempel 1 8 g magnesiumammoniumphosphat (Mg NH^ PO^ · όΗ^Ο) blev suspenderet i 50 ml ethylether indeholdende 2 g af en paraffinblanding med smp. fra 58-60°C. Etheren blev fjernet i en roterende fordamper under vakuum. 25 mg af det i det foregående nævnte granulerede materiale blev sat til 500 ml-kolber indeholdende 100 ml ikke steriliseret havvand (udtaget ved kysten nær Ostia (nær Rom))og 40 mg "SARIR" råolie.EXAMPLE 1 8 g of magnesium ammonium phosphate (Mg NH ^PO ^ · όΗ ^ Ο) were suspended in 50 ml of ethyl ether containing 2 g of a paraffin mixture with m.p. from 58-60 ° C. The ether was removed in a rotary evaporator under vacuum. 25 mg of the aforementioned granulated material was added to 500 ml flasks containing 100 ml of non-sterilized seawater (taken off the coast near Ostia (near Rome)) and 40 mg of "SARIR" crude oil.
Kolberne blev inkuberet ved 15°C under roterende omrøring (100 omdrejninger pr. minut og 5 cm excentricitet). Ved begyndelsen og hver femte dag blev råolieresten bestemt ved CCl^-ekstraktion efter den fremgangsmåde, der er beskrevet i "Revue de lrInstitut Frangais du Petrole" 9, 419 (1966).The flasks were incubated at 15 ° C with rotary stirring (100 rpm and 5 cm eccentricity). At the beginning and every five days, the crude oil residue was determined by CCl 2 extraction according to the procedure described in "Revue de lrInstitut Frangais du Petrole" 9, 419 (1966).
Til nogle kolber blev sat formalin for at ødelægge den mikrobielle flora og bestemme en mulig formindskelse af råolie indholdet på grund af fordampning. Til1·: sammenligning blev også anvendt kolber, der kun indeholdt havvand og råolie, men ingen næringssalte.To some flasks, formalin was added to destroy the microbial flora and determine a possible decrease in crude oil content due to evaporation. To1 ·: comparisons were also used flasks containing only seawater and crude oil, but no nutrient salts.
De opnåede resultater er vist på den grafiske afbildning, hvor ordinaten angiver restindholdet af råolie i %, og abscissen angiver tiden i dage. Kurven 1 refererer til en kontrolprøve, mens kurven 2 refererer til samme materiale behandlet ifølge opfindelsen.The results obtained are shown on the graph, where the ordinate indicates the residual crude oil content in% and the abscissa indicates the time in days. Curve 1 refers to a control sample, while curve 2 refers to the same material treated according to the invention.
144297 5 Råolie (LIBIA SARIR).144297 5 Crude Oil (LIBIA SARIR).
Specifik massefylde ved 15°C 0 8395Specific density at 15 ° C 0 8395
Flydepunkt °C + 19Flow point ° C + 19
Paraffin (B.P. 237) vægt-% 18>2Paraffin (B.P. 237) wt% 18> 2
Asfaltener „ 0 4QAsphaltenes' 0 4Q
Total svovl „ 0 16Total sulfur „0 16
Betegnende faktor ^ 12 4Significant factor ^ 12 4
Eksempe1 2Example1 2
Ud fra en blanding afFrom a mixture of
CaHP04‘2H20 20 gCaHPO4'2H2O 20 g
NaN03 100 g NH4HC03 120 g blev fremstillet tabletter ved en kendt fremgangsmåde, hvilke tabletter havde diameter 3 mm og tykkelse 2-3 mm. Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat blev spaltet ved 80°C i en ovn, og de opnåede tabletter havde massefylde på 0,9. 8 g af tabletterne blev suspenderet i 50 ml ethylether indeholdende 2 g af en paraffinblanding ( smp. 58-60°C). Etheren blev fjernet i en roterende fordamper under vakuum. 6 således fremstillede tabletter indeholdende ca. 80 mg NaN03 og 16 mg CaHP04*2H20 blev sat til 500 ml-kolber indeholdende, som i eksempel 1, 100 ml havvand og 40 mg råolie "SARIR".NaNO3 100 g NH4HCO3 120 g were prepared tablets by a known method, the tablets having a diameter of 3 mm and a thickness of 2-3 mm. Ammonium hydrogen carbonate was cleaved at 80 ° C in an oven and the tablets obtained had a density of 0.9. 8 g of the tablets were suspended in 50 ml of ethyl ether containing 2 g of a paraffin mixture (mp 58-60 ° C). The ether was removed in a rotary evaporator under vacuum. 6 thus prepared tablets containing approx. 80 mg of NaNO 3 and 16 mg of CaHPO 4 * 2H 2 O were added to 500 ml flasks containing, as in Example 1, 100 ml of seawater and 40 mg of crude oil "SARIR".
Kolberne blev inkuberet i 25 dage ved 15°C under roterende omrøring (100 omdrejninger pr. minut og 5 cm's excentricitet). I ekstrakten kunne måles 22,65 mg resterende råolie, svarende til 43,4's nedbrydning.The flasks were incubated for 25 days at 15 ° C with rotary stirring (100 rpm and 5 cm eccentricity). In the extract, 22.65 mg of residual crude oil could be measured, corresponding to the decomposition of 43.4.
Eksempel 3Example 3
En vandig opløsning blev fremstillet indeholdende 2% urinstof og 1%An aqueous solution was prepared containing 2% urea and 1%
Na2HP04«12H20. 100 ml af en sådan opløsning blev sammen med 5 g pimpsten 6/8 B anbragt i en 500 ml-kolbe,hvor (fer i cfl.15 minutter blev holdt 15-20 mm Hg vakuum. Den imprægnerede pimpsten blev opsamlet og tørret under vakuum ved 55°C i 24 timer. 1 g pimpsten absorberede 0,7 ml af saltopløsningen. 5 g af denne bærer imprægneret med næringssalte og tørret blev suspenderet i 50 ml ethylether indeholdende 2 g paraffin (smp. 58-60°C). Etheren blev fjernet på en roterende fordamper. 1 g pimpsten præpareret som angivet i det foregående blev sat til 500 ml-kolber indeholdende 100 ml havvand og 40 mg råolie ’'SARIR". Kolberne blev inkuberet i 24 dage ved 15°C under roterende omrøring (100 omdrejninger pr. minut, 5 cm's excentricitet). I ekstrakten fandt man 15,1 mg resterende råolie, hvilket svarer til 62%'s nedbrydning.Na2HP04 '12H20. 100 ml of such a solution, together with 5 g of pumice stone 6/8 B, were placed in a 500 ml flask where (for about 15 minutes, 15-20 mm Hg vacuum was kept. The impregnated pumice stone was collected and dried under vacuum. at 55 ° C for 24 hours 1 g of pumice absorbed 0.7 ml of the saline solution 5 g of this carrier impregnated with nutrient salts and dried was suspended in 50 ml of ethyl ether containing 2 g of paraffin (mp 58-60 ° C). was removed on a rotary evaporator. 1 g of pumice prepared as above was added to 500 ml flasks containing 100 ml seawater and 40 mg crude oil "SARIR". The flasks were incubated for 24 days at 15 ° C with rotary stirring ( 100 revolutions per minute, 5 cm eccentricity) In the extract 15.1 mg of residual crude oil was found, which corresponds to 62% decomposition.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT2295173 | 1973-04-13 | ||
| IT22951/73A IT981945B (en) | 1973-04-13 | 1973-04-13 | METHOD OF DEPOLLUTION OF FRESH AND SEA WATER FROM PETROLEUM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK144297B true DK144297B (en) | 1982-02-08 |
| DK144297C DK144297C (en) | 1982-07-12 |
Family
ID=11202216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK202274A DK144297C (en) | 1973-04-13 | 1974-04-10 | PROCEDURE AND MEDIUM FOR THE REMOVAL OF CARBON HYDRODES, OIL AND RAW OIL FROM WATER SURFACES |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5040780A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE813612A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1017693A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH605423A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS189631B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD111430A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2417431C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK144297C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2225383B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1461577A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU171039B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT981945B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU69849A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7404925A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO138137C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE386657B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU36672B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA742343B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4230562A (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1980-10-28 | Snamprogetti S.P.A. | Method for depolluting fresh water and salt water bodies from crude oil, petroleum products and their derivatives |
| FR2512057B2 (en) * | 1981-09-01 | 1985-11-15 | Elf Aquitaine | MICROEMULSION OF NUTRITIVE SUBSTANCES, ASSIMILABLE BY MICROORGANISMS, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF |
| FR2490672B1 (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1985-10-04 | Elf Aquitaine | MICROEMULSION OF NUTRITIVE SUBSTANCES, ASSIMILABLE BY MICROORGANISMS, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF |
| DE4225967A1 (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-02-10 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Process for the treatment of oil-water emulsions, in particular from car washes |
| DE19727363A1 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-07 | Spezial Polymer Leuna Gmbh | Composition for adsorbing organic liquid |
| DE19820645B4 (en) * | 1998-05-08 | 2006-03-30 | Umweltschutz Nord Gmbh & Co. | Method for reducing the release of volatile emitters from a liquid |
| FI123531B (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-28 | Pekka Pohjola | Composition for the collection and biodegradation of oil and organic chemicals |
| US10342189B2 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2019-07-09 | Bubbleclear | Aerobic, bioremediation treatment system comprising floating inert media in an aqueous environment |
-
1973
- 1973-04-13 IT IT22951/73A patent/IT981945B/en active
-
1974
- 1974-04-01 CH CH453974A patent/CH605423A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-04-04 NO NO741245A patent/NO138137C/en unknown
- 1974-04-05 YU YU0953/74A patent/YU36672B/en unknown
- 1974-04-08 FR FR7412306A patent/FR2225383B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-04-09 GB GB1577874A patent/GB1461577A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-10 DE DE2417431A patent/DE2417431C3/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-10 DK DK202274A patent/DK144297C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-04-10 NL NL7404925A patent/NL7404925A/xx unknown
- 1974-04-10 CA CA198,152A patent/CA1017693A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-10 SE SE7404960A patent/SE386657B/en unknown
- 1974-04-11 ZA ZA00742343A patent/ZA742343B/en unknown
- 1974-04-11 DD DD177842A patent/DD111430A5/xx unknown
- 1974-04-11 BE BE143111A patent/BE813612A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-04-12 CS CS742667A patent/CS189631B2/en unknown
- 1974-04-12 LU LU69849A patent/LU69849A1/xx unknown
- 1974-04-12 HU HU74SA00002624A patent/HU171039B/en unknown
- 1974-04-12 JP JP49040465A patent/JPS5040780A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LU69849A1 (en) | 1974-07-18 |
| DE2417431B2 (en) | 1977-11-24 |
| CA1017693A (en) | 1977-09-20 |
| NL7404925A (en) | 1974-10-15 |
| ZA742343B (en) | 1975-04-30 |
| CS189631B2 (en) | 1979-04-30 |
| DE2417431A1 (en) | 1974-10-31 |
| IT981945B (en) | 1974-10-10 |
| CH605423A5 (en) | 1978-09-29 |
| YU95374A (en) | 1981-11-13 |
| NO138137B (en) | 1978-04-03 |
| SE386657B (en) | 1976-08-16 |
| DK144297C (en) | 1982-07-12 |
| BE813612A (en) | 1974-07-31 |
| FR2225383A1 (en) | 1974-11-08 |
| DD111430A5 (en) | 1975-02-12 |
| NO138137C (en) | 1978-07-12 |
| AU6772174A (en) | 1975-10-16 |
| DE2417431C3 (en) | 1978-08-03 |
| HU171039B (en) | 1977-10-28 |
| JPS5040780A (en) | 1975-04-14 |
| NO741245L (en) | 1974-10-15 |
| GB1461577A (en) | 1977-01-13 |
| FR2225383B1 (en) | 1979-03-16 |
| YU36672B (en) | 1984-08-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4284509A (en) | Process for removing oils or petroleum from the surface of the sea | |
| RU2332361C1 (en) | Composition for neutralisation of sewage water with sediment and method of neutralisation of sewage water with sediment of sewage purification works | |
| SU730294A3 (en) | Method of sea water purification from oil | |
| DK144297B (en) | METHOD AND METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF CARBON HYDRADIC OIL AND RAW OIL FROM WATER SURFACES | |
| KR102525123B1 (en) | Eco-friendly addtive deicer composition using oyster shell | |
| Skaar et al. | The uptake of 63Ni by the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum | |
| KR102517358B1 (en) | Eco-friendly deicer composition using oyster shell | |
| US4042495A (en) | Method for conditioning fresh and sea waters from oil | |
| RU2604788C1 (en) | Method of cleaning freshwater ecosystems from oil and oil products at high latitudes | |
| JP2006068732A (en) | Water area environment improving material and water area environment improving method using the same | |
| JP5866708B2 (en) | Phosphorus removal / recovery material, removal / recovery method, and soil conditioner using the same | |
| JP6554191B2 (en) | Marine Fertilizer Using Nitrogen-Containing Waste Liquid And Method For Producing The Same | |
| RU2564391C1 (en) | Method of biotransformation of contaminated soil | |
| RU2322312C1 (en) | Method to recover soil and ground contaminated with oil and oil product | |
| Charki et al. | Elimination of orthophosphate from synthetic leachate using adsorption on bentonite clay | |
| RU2780125C1 (en) | Solution for cleaning oil contaminated trees and shrubs | |
| RU2433089C1 (en) | Method of cleaning water surface from oil contamination | |
| JP3346242B2 (en) | Biological purification method for oil contaminated soil | |
| CN110818180A (en) | Method for digesting black and odorous river channel by using microbial preparation | |
| JP6436525B2 (en) | Environmental purification method | |
| RU2819220C1 (en) | Oil sludge decontamination method | |
| RU2594995C1 (en) | Method for cleaning and reclamation of soil contaminated with oil and oil products | |
| RU2455240C1 (en) | Biopreparation for purifying water from hydrocarbon contaminants | |
| RU2198748C1 (en) | Method of cleaning soil and water basins from oil pollutions | |
| Mizielińska et al. | Evaluation of petroleum hydrocarbons adsorbtion and biodegradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells entrapped into silica-alginate beads |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |