DEW0016193MA - - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

Registration date: March 10, 1955. Advertised on May 3, 1956

GERMAN PATENT OFFICE

The invention relates to test circuits for permanent premagnetization of polarized the automatic testing and setting of the relays.

A polarized relay contains an excitation winding and at least one contact system, the consists of a permanent magnet and a movable magnet armature, the magnet armature is attracted by the magnet in the direction of the contact - and in terms of its movement to or from the contact under the Influence of the winding mentioned and the magnet mentioned is when the winding by means of current of a certain size and polarity is excited. Such a relay can be air-tight in a glass bulb as can be seen, for example, from U.S. Pat. No. 2,609,464 is, wherein a movable armature is provided which come into contact with two contacts can, by capillary action with mercury from a supply enclosed in the flask - Outside the piston there is a permanent polarizing magnet for each contact provided, and the excitation winding surrounds the piston. A description of this relay is ill "Bell System Technical Journal", November 1953,

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contain. A similar relay, but which contains only one polarizing magnet, is in the U.S. patent 2,577,602.

The two directions of movement of the armature are usually referred to as the operating and tripping directions designated. The same designation should be retained in the following. The size the response or the tripping causing current or the currents for a specific Relays are generally referred to as the response and tripping sensitivity of the relay. The The main object of the present invention is to provide any desired sensitivity value or Sensitivity values for a special relay (to be effected automatically and quickly and precisely.

The general process steps are illustrated in U.S. Patent 2,590,228 and consist in US Pat following:

1. The two magnets are fully magnetized with the help of a suitable flux.

2. Based on the armature position on a contact, the magnetization of the on this The side lying magnet is gradually reduced in small steps until the armature is straight Another contact is moved, with the excitation coil of the desired for this direction of response Electricity flows through it.

3. Starting from the armature plant at the other contact, the magnetization is on this side gradually diminishes in small steps until the anchor is just out of this contact triggers, the excitation coil being traversed by the current required for this second response direction will.

4. The tasks and 3 alternate repeatedly until the relay just responds in both directions when the corresponding desired current values are applied.

Steps 3 and 4 are required for a balanced polarized relay, because the force acting on the armature is influenced by both magnets and the setting the magnetic forces of one magnet affect the effectiveness of the other magnet. in the Case of an unbalanced polarized relay with only one magnet. would follow the process the step mentioned under 2 must be completed.

According to the invention, a control circuit is provided which on a switch with at least two switch positions responds. In the first switch position, the control circuit is caused to one Source of magnetization> rstroimi; pulses to a to connect with the permanent magnet magnetically coupled coil, the amplitude of this Impulse is dimensioned so that the permanent magnet experiences an over-magnetization. In the In the second switching position, the control circuit is caused to change a source with the coil To connect degaussing current pulses of gradually increasing size. The control circuit . also ensures that the actuator coil. of the polarized relay a reset power source of sufficient size is connected to hold the armature of the relay on the contact that during the application of the degaussing pulses 65 'is demagnetized,' or that during the intervals between the pulses a test current source is connected, the size of which corresponds to the Value that is required to disengage the armature from the contact if the relay is correct is set. Finally, one is more responsive to armature movement away from the contact Detector provided, \ velcher the control circuit causes the series of degaussing pulses to end.

If the relay to be set has two contacts, each with a permanent polarizer has magnet, a detector is provided for each contact, and the control circuit is like that carried out that the actuation of the first detector to indicate the release of the anchor from the first Contact causes the control circuit to send degaussing pulses to the one assigned to the second contact Apply degaussing coil, and that the actuation of the second detector for Indication of the loosening of the armature from the second contact causes the control circuit to again generate degaussing pulses to apply to the degaussing coil which is assigned to the first contact. In this way, demagnetizing pulses are generated alternately applied to the two degaussing coils until the detectors alternate instant release of the two Show contacts as soon as the setting is finished. ■. .

In the embodiment described below, the switch is set up for manual operation, so that the magnetization stage is first moved to the magnetization position by actuating the switch is initiated. The switch is then moved to the degaussing position, and then the automatic setting takes place under the control of the control circuit.

In the case of a relay with two magnets, the setting levels are as follows: ¹ OS

1. By operating a switch in the magnetization position, a relay circuit a selected polarity of a half-wave alternating current for magnetizing pulses Electromagnet applied. These impulses cause both of the relay's preload magnets over-magnetized.

2. By moving the switch to the demagnetization position, the relay circuit selects the other polarity of half-wave alternating current, ¹¹ S, which is applied to an electromagnet, whereby one or the other of the preload magnets is demagnetized, which is under the control of a relay control circuit and a selector . This control circuit causes the test relay armature to move to one side, for example the response side, and applies a test current to the relay. Besides, he lays. a relatively weak demagnetization pulse of a certain size from the half-wave specified by the voter to the associated electrical

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magnet on and a reset current to the test relay to force the armature to move after

. move this side. A test current is also applied to the test relay and displayed, whether the armature of the test relay moves to the other side as a result of the test current or not.

If the armature does not move in this manner, then the control circuit will cause the voter to select one select a slightly larger demagnetizing current, and apply this slightly larger demagnetizing pulse to the associated electromagnet, whereupon the remaining processes are repeated. When the anchor made the expected movement , executes, then the control circuit adjusts itself so that he is doing the same thing on the other side, d. H. on the trigger side, going through, being of course the other electromagnet is used and the size of the demagnetizing pulses in one certain low value of the demagnetizing current begins, as was the case before.

3. After the demagnetization cycle has ended on the tripping side, the control circuit switches to the response side and continues its activity, since the setting of the trigger side has introduced an error in the previous setting on the response page.

4. This process is continued back and forth on the response side and on the trigger side, until the display means indicate in the relay control circuit (for example by rapid, alternating Lighting up of two lamps, which are each connected to one side of the relay) that the Armature moves in the right direction when the appropriate sensitivity or test current is on the associated test relay winding is applied. In the following, in connection with the Drawing two embodiments of the invention are explained. In the drawing shows

Fig. Ι the block diagram of the functional planning of a typical setting device in Demagnetisierungsanordnurig,

Fig. 2 shows the mutual arrangement of Figs. 6 and 7 to form a complete circle corresponding to an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG with respect to the mutual arrangement of FIGS. 8 and 9, which shows the complete circuit for a reproduce another embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 4 is a diagram of test data associated with the circuit of Figs.

This representation has been dealt with in the description in order to facilitate an understanding of the Operation of the circuit according to FIGS. 6 and 7 to facilitate.

FIG. 5 shows a visual diagram similar to FIG. 4 for the circuit according to FIGS. 8 and 9.

In Fig. Ι the operation of the aforementioned automatic device for relay setting in Illustrated in the form of a block diagram. The relay 100 to be set is partially open Housing shown to the armature 108 with the excitation winding 11Ί, which surrounds the armature, and the two contact elements 109 and 110, which consist of permanent magnets, to make recognizable. The relay 100 is in one suitable holder accommodated, which two electromagnetic coil assemblies 101 and 102 for magnetization and demagnetization. A control circuit 103 is provided which selects special polarities of half-wave pulses of the alternating current under certain circumstances and these impulses via the response and release paths through associated start and end settings of the selectors 104, 105, 106 and 107 determining the performance size one after the other both electromagnets 101 and 102 applies. the Control circuit 103 also performs response and release control at certain times and a test reset control through the intermediary of the test circuit, specifically in cooperation with certain test relay currents, setting circuits, which predetermined test and apply reset current values for the operating and tripping directions of movement of armature 108.

The operation of the circle is briefly as follows: Assuming that the triggering movement direction of the armature 108 runs from the contact 109 to the contact 110 and the direction of response in the opposite direction and below the other Assume that the armature is initially in contact with the response contact 110 the relay current setting circuits are initially set so that when a response test or a trip test or a reset current is to be transmitted through the coil 111 of the relay 100, these values with match the corresponding values of the relay to be set. The selector switches 105 and 107, which are set up for fine adjustment, are at their lowest voltage values set. The variable autotransformers 104 and 106, which are used for the coarse adjustment are provided to some predetermined, relatively high value of the output voltage set. When a manual switch is operated, the power control circuit 103 a few half waves to both electromagnets 101 and 102 of the alternating current, for example ■ the positive half-waves, whereby each of the the permanent magnets 109 and 110 existing Relay contacts is over-magnetized. Then the coarse controls 104 and 106 are reset manually, namely to a selected position corresponding to the minimum voltage. The control circuit 103 selects autotransformer 106, the selector switch 107 and the electromagnet 101 and causes that half-wave pulses of the demagnetizing current of relatively low opposite polarity ' to the electromagnet 101 are applied to the magnetic contact 110 of the relay 100 partially demagnetize. During this special half-wave of the demagnetizing current is applied to the electromagnet 101, the Trip reset current value is applied to winding 111 of relay 100 to ensure that the Armature 108 in contact with the response contact

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magnet no remains. As soon as this demagnetizing half-wave pulse has ended, the control circuit takes action 103 that the trip test current value is applied to the winding in to determine whether the armature 108 moves from the contact 110 to the Contact 109 moved or not. Usually after the first degaussing pulse the armature 108 does not work in this sense. Accordingly, the control circuit 103 causes the tripping power selector, adjust to a slightly higher demagnetization voltage and apply this increased demagnetization voltage again to the Apply electromagnet 101, simultaneously with the aforementioned value of the trip reset current, which is applied to the winding 111. As soon as this second demagnetization pulse has subsided, the tripping test current is applied again to the winding in. This The process is repeated until the response contact magnet 110 is sufficiently demagnetized is to give the armature 108 the opportunity to move to the trip contact magnet 109.

The control circuit 103 shows the transition of the

Armature 108 from the response contact 110 to the Release contact 109 after application of the preselected value for the tripping test current. After that the control circuit 103 switches its power control from the trigger side to the response side, whereby the autotransformer 104 and the selector switch 105 ', the demagnetization pulses exclusively to the electromagnet

102 to apply. The process explained above by which increasingly controlled half-wave degaussing pulses applied to the electromagnet 101 is referred to with respect to the electromagnet 102 repeats, with the difference that for the reset and test relay current setting circuits the pickup values are used instead of the trip values. Possibly moved the armature 108 moves as a result of the response test current from the trip contact magnet 109 to the response contact magnet 110, as a result of which the magnet 109 demagnetizes to the required extent has been.

+5 The demagnetization process is alternating Direction continued until the control circuit

103 indicates that the setting of the two magnets 109 and no is relatively close to the desired Final setting is brought up. Thereafter, the control circuit 103 according to an embodiment of the invention, the fine adjustment certain selector switches 105 and 107 instead of the autotransformers 104 and 106 to take effect bring. Under the control of the fine adjustments, the demagnetization then proceeds as it progresses Adjustment of magnets 109 and 110 continues until armature 108 responds in the desired manner and trips when the pickup and trip currents come into effect. So that is accordingly the display of the control circuit 103 created a state according to which the relay 100 is appropriately recruited and the examination has come to an end.

Fig. 4 illustrates in general terms what happens during the various adjustment sequences in the illustrated embodiment of the invention goes on, with a switchover according to FIG and 7 between coarse and fine control is provided. The trigger sensitivity is in setting level 0 and the response sensitivity of the test relay at - 20 ampere turns or + 43 amp turns. This indicates the state of over-magnetization for these magnets, which exists before the demagnetization process.

The first row of adjustments during which the magnet 110, i.e. H. the magnetic contact, demagnetized until the armature closes when the preselected value of the tripping test current is applied the trip contact 109 moves, brings the relay under test into a state, which is characterized by the triggering and response sensitivity + 10 and H- 82 anipere turns is. Thereafter, an adjustment sequence is applied to the contact magnet 109, when Completion of the corresponding triggering and response sensitivities at +3 and +56 ampere turns. Following this, the circle alternately effects one on the trigger side and setting sequence acting on the response side. The trigger sensitivity is reached after the ninth setting sequence of the relay has a value of · -j- 30- and the response sensitivity has a value of +47 Arnpere turns. These sensitivities are called the final adjustment sensitivity of the relay viewed.

At some point, such as near the fourth or fifth or sixth setting sequence, the control circuit automatically switches from coarse adjustment to fine adjustment.

Fig. 5 illustrates the processes during the various setting sequences of a test circuit according to a second embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, none of which Switching from coarse to fine adjustment takes place, but the entire process under application a fine adjustment is controlled. In this case each trip and response demagnetization adjustment sequence brings about the contact magnet currently being tested to the corresponding test value. As a result of the interaction of the two However, magnets become the. successive settings on opposite sides of the impair the previous setting on the other side. Possibly, however, as is the case with Fig. 4 was the case, the ninth setting the satisfactory approximation to the desired final Bring test values.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, each line of the curves marked with an arrow represents one complete setting sequence on the release or on the response side. Each of these Any number of separate successive degaussing pulses can be set in sequence as well as reset and test current checks for this page.

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In the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 The relay / in Fig. 7 represents the relay under test. This relay comprises one Armature 718, an excitation coil 719, a response contact 716 with associated permanent magnet 717 and a release contact 714 with associated Permanent magnet 715. Following magnets 717 and 715 are those for magnetization and demagnetizing certain coils 713 and 712 are provided. The anchor 718 is in each case with one of the contacts, for example with the trigger contact 714 in contact.

When the double-pole two-position lever switch 723 is in one of its switching positions and the switch 724 is open, there is a circuit from the voltage divider formed by the resistors 721 and 722 and bridging the battery to the switch 723, via the milliammeter 725, the output of the switch 723 , the secondary winding of the transformer 726, the coil 719 of the relay /, contact 1 of the relay H, contact 1 of the relay C to the potentiometer 702, which with the resistor 703 forms a voltage divider bridging a battery. By observing milliammeter 725 and adjusting potentiometer 702, the predetermined desired. Value for the response test speed can be set. Dw ^cn transfer of the switch 720 to the reset position, the relay H is actuated, whereby the coil 719 of the relay / via the contact 2 of the relay H and contact 1 of the relay D with the potentipmeter ^! 7P5 comes into connection, which with resistor 704 forms a voltage divider bridging a battery.

By moving switch 723 to the appropriate one Position and by setting the potentiometer 705 the preselected value of the response reset current can be set.

When the switch 737 is brought into its release position when the relay // is actuated, the relays N and K according to FIG. 6 and the relays B and C and D according to FIG. 7 are actuated. The actuation of the relays N, K and B is of no interest for the time being. Relays C and D are switched on in a circuit which leads from earth via switch 737, conductor 638, through the parallel coils of relays C and D to the negative pole of the battery. If the switch 723 is in the appropriate position, a circuit is now completed through the milliammeter 725, the secondary side of the transformer 726, the coil 719 of the relay /, contact 2 of the relay D, to the potentiometer 709, which is connected to the resistor 707 forms a potentiometer bridging the battery. By observing milliammeter 725 and adjusting potentiometer 709, the predetermined value for the trip reset rate can be appropriately adjusted.

If the switch 737 remains in the release position and the switch 720 is returned to the test position, the relay H is applied, whereby the above) specified circuit through the coil 719 of the relay / via contact 1 of the relay H and contact 2 of the relay C is switched to the potentiometer 708, through the setting of which the tripping test value of the current can be set. After completing this setting, the switch 720 can be brought into its reset position for a moment in order to apply the trip reset current value to the coil 719 in order to be certain that the armature 718 is in contact with the trip contact 714. The switches 737 and 720 can then be returned to their response or test positions, whereby the armature 718 remains in the position shown in FIG.

To bring the circuit into the state for automatic operation, the switch 724 is closed to short the milliammeter 725 and switches 737 and 720 become brought into the corresponding operating positions. , All relays of the circuit are located here 6 and 7 in that from the drawing apparent condition.

Upon closure of the switch 614. Figure 6 illustrates the AC power source is in accordance. 633 via the two Leitungssehienen Φ * and Φ ^2, which lead to the same marked terminals of the autotransformer 604 and 609, to the primary side of the transformers 612 and 613 and the potentiometer 61Q and 611 created. The adjustment knobs to be operated by hand, e.g. B. the button 605 can be operated so that the autotransformers and potentiometers 604, 609, 610 and 611 are brought into their lowest voltage positions, which corresponds to phase Φ ¹ . This manual adjustment is possible because the magnetic clutches, e.g. B. the magnet 603 and the autotransformer 604 associated friction clutch 602 are not energized.

With these different initial settings of the coarse and fine selection control for the response and release side, it can be seen that the brush of the autotransformer 609 has the voltage 0 with respect to phase Φ ¹ and applies the same to the i ^ terminal of the potentiometer 6l I. Then the brush of the potentiometer 611 has the voltage 0 with reference to φ ¹ and applies the same via the conductor 636 (Fig. 7) to the right side of the electromagnet 713, while the left side of the magnet coil 713 with the contact 2 of the • relay B communicates. Similarly, the first part of autotransformer 604 (Fig. 6) conducts 0-voltage with respect to Φ ¹ and applies the same to the i ^ -terminal of potentiometer 61p, causing the brush of potentiometer 610 0 voltage with respect to φ ¹ and receives this via the conductor 635 (FIG. 7) to the left side of the winding applies to the coil of the electromagnet 712, the right coil side with the contact of the relay 1 B connected ^actual;

In Fig. 6, the 0 ¹ phase of the AC bus leads through resistor 634 and conductor 637 (Fig. 7) to the contact of relay ^. ' It is thus understandable that when responding

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of the relay A the ^ phase of the alternating current is applied from the conductor 637 via the contact of the relay A to the armature of the relay B , whereupon the ^! phase depending on the response 5 or the triggering of the relay B via the contact ι or 2 of the relay B and through the responding electromagnet 712 or 713 leads to the conductor 635 or 636, which according to FIG. and trip controls. It is further understood that after any increase in performance has been which is selected by the power control circuit of FIG. 6 with respect to the phase Φ ^1, is applied via conductors 635 or 636 to the associated, the magnetization or demagnetization causing solenoid 712 or 713th In Fig. 6, the directions of increasing power increase with respect to phase Φ ¹ . indicated by arrows attached to the brushes of the autotransformers and potentiometers.

To initiate the test, the brush of the autotransformer 604 is brought into a position which corresponds to a substantial AC voltage on the brush with respect to the (Ji terminal. A similar setting is made on the autotransformer 609. The set AC power extends over the Conductors 635 and 636 to electromagnet 712 and 713 and then on to contact 1 and 2 of relay B, one or the other of which is connected to the armature of relay A.

The switch 615 causing the magnetization and demagnetization is now in its Upper switch-on position, at which magnetization takes place, brought. So are the following Processes connected:

1. The right outer knife of the switch 615 connects the conductors 640 and 641, which, according to FIG. 7, a short circuit of the contacts 1 and 2 of the relay B results. So that the electromagnets 712 and 713 are connected in parallel between their feed lines .635 and 636 and the contact 1 of the relay B , which when the relay A is actuated via the conductor 637 (Fig. 6) and the resistor 634 with the 0 ¹ phase connected to the AC power source.

2. When the switch 615 is in its upper or its magnetization position, the phase Φ ^{2 of} the alternating current power source 633 is via the left-hand inner knife of the switch 615 with the oscillating armature of the relay L, the coil of the relay K, the primary winding of the transformers 623 and 624, the coil of relay JV and connected to the coils of relays B, C, D via conductor 638 (Fig. 7). Of these, only the connections of phase Φ ² with transformers 623 and 624 and with the oscillating armature of relay L are important.

3. From the phase Φ ² at the armature of the relay L , a circuit is closed via the contact 2 of the relay L, the conductor 642 (Fig. 7) through the potentiometer 727 to phase Φ ² on the conductor 639. Accordingly, no alternating current is applied to transformer 726 when switch 615 is in its up or magnetizing position.

4. Phase Φ ² extends from the armature of relay L via its contact 1 to the right-hand terminals of the drive motors 600 and 606 that cause the response or triggering. The left-hand terminals of these anti-friction motors are each connected to the associated contacts 1 and 2 of the relay K and further via the armature of relay K, depending on whether this relay has responded or triggered, connected to the Φ ¹ bus line. The terminals on the right side of the motors 607 and 608 which effect the remote control are connected to the contact 3 of the relay L via the contact of the relay M. From this it can be seen that when the relay L is in the position shown in FIG. 6, the motors 600 and 606 which effect the coarse control are operational, while the motors 607 and 608 which effect the fine adjustment cannot come into operation. The reverse is the case when the relay L is actuated so that its armature rests on the contact 3.

The autotransformer 620 takes an alternating current voltage from the secondary side of the transformer 624, part of which occurs via the resistor 622 in the voltage divider, which consists of the resistor 621 and 622. This voltage part is applied to the series circuit, which contains the coil of relay E and the capacitor .632. This creates an alternating current in this circuit leading through the coil of relay E , the magnitude of which is not sufficient to make relay E respond with alternating current alone. It can be seen, however, that the negative pole of a battery grounded on the positive side is connected via the armature of the relay E and the contact 2 through the potentiometer 630, the resistor 631, the coil of the relay E , from where the connection is made via the resistor 622 leads to earth. It can also be seen that capacitor 632, the lower side of the coil, and relay E are connected to ground. In this position of the relay E , the capacitor 632 receives a charge at a rate which is determined by the setting of the potentiometer 630. The variables of the circuit are expediently chosen so that the maximum direct current value that can flow through the coil of relay E is less than the response current of relay E.

Since ^r the direct current flowing through the coil of relay E - increases according to an exponential law (as the charge on capacitor 632 increases), provision is made that the current, at any suitable value, is sufficient to combine with the alternating current introduced into the relay circuit to operate relay E. As soon as that happens, the armature of relay E moves from contact 2 to contact 1. This causes

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the DC charging circuit of capacitor 632 is eliminated and capacitor 632 is allowed to discharge in the circuit that includes resistor 622 and the coil of relay E. Accordingly, the voltage across capacitor 632 will decrease at an exponential rate determined by the resistance within this discharge path. Since this resistance is fixed for any setting of the autotransformer 620, the time constant of the discharge circuit for the capacitor 632 is essentially constant. When the discharge current in this circuit, which the coil. of the relay £ contains, is switched off sufficiently far, the relay E is triggered again, whereupon the armature of the relay E comes into contact again with the contact 2 in order to cause the automatic repetition of the process described above.

As stated above, the potentiometer 630 changes the time constant in the charging circuit for the capacitor 632, as a result of which the amount of time from a certain starting point onwards at which the relay E comes into operation is changed. The potentiometer 630 can therefore be referred to as a percentage rating control. This means that the relay controls the time span for which the armature of the relay £ is in contact with its contact 1 in relation to the total time span, which, in addition to the aforementioned time span, includes the time span for which the armature of the relay E is in contact with its Contact 2 is in contact.

At the moment when the armature of relay E comes to rest on its contact 1, an outgoing circuit from the negative pole of the battery is closed, which is via the armature of relay E, contact 1 of relay E, the resistor 629, the Potentiometer 628, the coil of relay F, the secondary winding of transformer 623 and contact 2 of the relay / leads to earth. The phase element of the transformers 623 and 624 is chosen so that the upper side of the coil of the relay F has the same weave current phase as the upper coil of the relay E, as indicated in FIG . The potentiometer 628 simultaneously adjusts the level of the alternating current and the direct current which have the opportunity to flow through the coil of the relay F. The potentiometer 628 thus determines the moment at which the composite current flowing through the coil of the relay F first reaches the response value. At 'this point in time, the armature of the relay F moves from its contact 2 to its

Contact 1..

With the transition of the relay F to its contact ι a circuit is closed, the from earth via the armature and contact 1 of the relay F to the conductor 644 (Fig. 7) through the coil of the

fio relay A and through a parallel circuit consisting of the capacitor 701 and the potentiometer 700 to the negative pole of a battery. A current path branches off from the conductor 644 via the operating contact of the switch 720, which actuates the relay H for a purpose to be described in more detail. The capacitor 701 lying in the circuit of the relay A forms a momentary short circuit via the potentiometer 700 and gives the relay A the opportunity to respond very quickly after the conductor 644 is grounded. Sooner or later and depending on the setting of the potentiometer 700, the capacitor 701 reaches a sufficient charge to cause the relay A to trip. The setting of the potentiometer 628 in the circuit of the relay F and the setting of the potentiometer 700 in the circuit of the relay A can be viewed as the pulse start and pulse end, respectively, whereby the particular instant with respect to the AC waveform to which the relay A responds; is set by the potentiometer 628 and the particular instant for the relay A to trip in relation to the same AC waveform is set by the setting of the potentiometer 700.

The effect of this relay circuit of the relaxation oscillation type is that the relay E responds and triggers at a speed which preferably represents a subharmonic of the alternating current frequency, e.g. Four or five g ₀ oscillations per second, compared to the source of an ooperiodic alternating current, such that the relay ^ is made to operate and trip at the particular instant with respect to the alternating current waveform '. The speed can be any integer multiple of the wave duration of the AC wave.

As already mentioned, phase Φ ^{1 of} the alternating current according to FIG. 6 is applied to the contact of relay A through resistor 634 and / or conductor 637. When the relay responds, phase Φ ^{1 runs} from the conductor 637 via the contact of the relay A and via the contacts 1 or 2 or both contacts of the relay B to the electromagnet 712 and / or 713, and from here via a conductor 635 and / or 636 to or to invest the brushes of earmarked for the Feinieinstellungssteuerung potentiometer 610 and / or 611 to an alternating current pulse to one or both of these electromagnets for the duration of the response H ₀ time of the relay a. A characteristic curve recorder can be connected via the resistor 634. connected to observe the alternating current half- wave which is transmitted through the contact of relay A. With such a permanent display, the various settings, e.g. B. that of the autotransformer 26 and the potentiometers 630, 628 and 700, can be selected so that the alternating current controlled via the closed contact of the relay A consists exactly of a positive or a negative half-wave.

These half-wave pulses of selected polarity are considered magnetizing pulses, whereby each of the permanent magnets 715 and 717, which are the tripping and operating contacts 714 and 716 of the relay /, i.e. of the in deir

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Check relays, correspond, overmagne {: isiert will.

After the examining person

spn can assume that for a long enough time

the effectiveness of these magnetizing pulses has elapsed (in reality there is only one

Pulse required), switch 615 is off brought its upper position into its lower or into its demagnetizing position, and the savings

transformers 604 and 609 are opened by hand

'a low value towards its (^ -terminal set. This results in the following:

1. The phase of the primary side of the Transfo'rmatorein 624 and 623 is reversed µm so that the voltage generated by the contact of the

Relay A transmitted power impulses compared to ■ the impulses already mentioned have a reverse polarity. These new power pulses are called demagnetization pulses in the following.

2. The phase Φ * is applied to the upper side of the potentiometer 727 via the left-hand outer knife of the switch 615 and from here via the contact 2 of the relay L and the conductor 642, whereby alternating current is transmitted through the transformer 726, which is in series continue with that

/ DC reset and DC test value described above is introduced, which is preselected by means of potentiometers 702, 705, 708 and 709 have been.

3. The right-hand outer knife of the switch 615 removes the short circuit between the conductors 640 and 641, whereby the short circuit between the contacts 1 and 2 of the relay B (Fig. 7) disappears. As a result, the relay B is enabled by its triggering or by its response to select one of the two electromagnets 712 and 713, which is enabled to receive degaussing pulses which are transmitted via the contact of the relay A.

4. A circuit from earth is closed, the one on the right-hand inner side Switch 615 knife, through the resistor

617 and to the battery through the coils of all magnetic clutches, e.g. the. Magnet603, leads, whereby all clutches, z. B. clutch 602, are brought into engagement, As a result, the associated drive motors when energy is supplied through the intermediary of their associated reduction gears, e.g. the gear 601, the associated brushes of the autotransformers 604 and 609 and the potentiometers 610 and 611 cause them to slowly move from their Φ ^ -Clamp to hers. <P ² terminal to move.

5- The middle knife on the right-hand side of switch 615 is connected to earth Circuit closed by the resistor

618 leads to the negative battery and runs through the coil of relay L. The capacitor 646 arranged above the coil of the relay L is charged, but this charge is not sufficient to cause the relay L to respond. However, the charge is large enough to hold the relay L in its response position once it has been made to respond by other means.

Simultaneously with the transfer of the relay F from its contact 1 to contact 2, with which, according to the explanation given above, the actuation of the relay A is connected by applying the earth to the conductor 644, the relay H is actuated, namely by the continuation of the Conductor 644 via the operating position of switch 720. When it responds, relay H sets the response reset current value from potentiometer 705 via contact 1 of relay D, contact 2 of relay H, coil 719 of test relay I ₁ secondary sed te of transformer 726 and the Switches 723 and 724 to the junction of resistors 721 ■ and 722. As already stated, the value of the operate reset current ensures that the armature 718 of the relay / remains in contact with its contact 714 during the time that the relay A is in action in order to apply a demagnetizing pulse to the electromagnet ¹ 712 Relay A is triggered and thereby terminates the application of a demagnetization pulse to the electromagnet 712, to be precise at a point in time which, according to the earlier explanation, is determined by the setting of the potentiometer 700. Once the relay F is pressed towards its contact 2, the tripping of the relay H. The tripping of the relay H is done accordingly during the period instead, where the relay A is triggered. This corresponds to the time interval between the application of successive demagnetization pulses to the electromagnet 712. When triggered, the relay H closes a circuit from the potentiometer 702 via the contact 1 of the relay C, contact ι of the relay ¹ H, the coil 719 of the Rrüfrelais /, the Secondary side of the transformer 726, etc., in order to thereby apply the prescribed value of the response test current to the winding 719 of the relay I. In accordance with the explanation already given, the value of the response test current represents that value which causes the armature 718 of the relay to pass from the contact 714 'to the contact 716 when the permanent magnet 715 has been suitably demagnetized. However, alternating current of a suitable size is introduced through the transformer 726, so that the armature 718 makes the transition to the demagnetization cycle of the permanent magnet 715 at an earlier point in time than would otherwise be the case.

If the armature 718 does not complete the relay / the required transition, there are no changes in the circuit actuation, and the relay A is activated again at the same time as the relay H in order to apply a further demagnetizing pulse to the electromagnet 712. This impulse is now somewhat larger, due to the fact that in the meantime the autotransformer .604 has moved further away from its ^! Terminal. After

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When the relay H responds, the preselected value of the response reset current is applied to the coil 719 of the relay /, as before, in order to determine that the armature 718 remains in contact with the trip contact 714 of the relay /. As soon as relay A has also triggered and relay H is also triggered, which occurs when the demagnetization pulse has subsided, relay H applies the selected response test value of the current to coil 719 of the relay after another triggering / .

This process continues until the point in time when the armature 718 of the relay / moves to its response contact during the period between the application of successive degaussing pulses to the electromagnet 712. When this transition occurs, a circuit is made from the negative pole of the battery via armature 718 of relay I _1, contact 716, resistor 729 to the right side of the lower winding of relay G and further across the lower coil of relay G to conductor 643 closed, which leads to earth via contact 2 of relay F. As can be seen, the capacitor 726 bridges the lower coil of the relay G, whereby a slight delay in the actuation of the relay G occurs. After this delay, the armature of relay G is made to respond in order to bring it into contact with its contacts 2 and 3.

After moving the armature of relay G to the right, the earth connection via armature and contact 3 of relay G is extended through capacitor 733 and conductor 645 to the upper side of the coil of relay /. This ground pulse increases the charge on capacitor 647, causing the relay / its armature to transition from contact 2 to contact 1. The armature of the relay / remains in this position for a short period of time, which depends on the length of time that the capacitor 733 needs to receive a charge. After this short period of time, the relay / is switched to its contact 2 again. During the time that the relay / is in contact with its contact 1, the relay M is actuated for a purpose to be described in more detail. In the event of its brief response, the relay / circuit of relay F renders ineffective, as a result of which the armature of relay F is given the opportunity to remain in contact with its contact 2 and thus to prevent relays A and H from being actuated again immediately when the relay E continues its swinging motion. When the armature moves to the right, relay E completes a circuit which leads from earth via its contact 2, the operating position of switch 737 to conductor 638, which causes relays B, C and D to be actuated in an easily recognizable manner. The grounding of the conductor 638 (Fig. 6) has the actuation of the. Relay N and K result. Relay N , when actuated, applies a ground pulse through its contact i, capacitor 626 and resistor 619 to the left side of the coil of relay L. However, capacitor 626 charges rapidly. This charge then removes the extra pulse from the coil of relay L. Relay L is arranged so that this single pulse does not cause it to respond. The relay K transmits when it responds, the phase Φ ^{1 of} the alternating current from its contact 1 to its contact 2, whereby the operation of the motor 600 is interrupted and the motor 606 is started. During the time when the armature of the relay G is in contact with its contacts 2 and 3, the previously charged capacitor 732, which is assigned to the contact ι of the relay G , is discharged through the resistor 735. As soon as the relay / (Fig. 6) triggers after its momentary actuation, the circuit of the relay F is closed again, and the breakover relay circuit consisting of the relays E and F comes into operation again to switch the relay A (Fig. 7). to respond, whereby another degaussing pulse is applied via the contact of relay A. When the relay B is actuated, however, this demagnetization pulse, the size of which is determined by the now steadily and slowly increasing value of the alternating voltage value, which is increasing by the autotransformer 609 under the control of the motor 606, is transmitted via the contact 2 of the relay B to the electromagnet 713 . During the period of time when relay A responds, relay H is activated again as before and a circuit is closed which leads from trip reset potentiometer 709 via contact 2 of relays D and H to the coil 719 of the relay / the Apply a predetermined value of the trigger return, actuating current, whereby the armature 718 of the relay / is forced to remain in contact with the response contact 716 of the relay /.

If the relays A and H are triggered during the period between the magnetization pulses, as explained above, a circuit is closed which leads from the release test potentiometer 708 via capacitor 2 of relay C and contact 1 of relay H , whereby the predetermined Value of the trip test current is applied to the coil 719 of the relay / to determine whether the armature 718 moves back to its trip contact 714 or not. This trip test current is in turn increased by the portion of the alternating current which is transmitted through the transformer 726.

If the armature 718 does not move back to its contact 714, the demagnetization process discussed is carried out repeats, whereby another degaussing pulse is transmitted to the electromagnet 713.

When the armature 718 makes the desired transition, a circuit is completed that leads from the negative pole of the battery through the armature 718 of the relay /, contact 714 of the relay / and resistor 728 to the right side of the upper coil of the relay G. The relay G is made to respond in the manner already described,

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after a short delay caused by the shorting action of capacitor 730 has elapsed. When relay G responds, its armature moves from right to left, causing relays B, C, D, N and K to be triggered. As a result, the entire control circuit is returned to the state in which the demagnetization pulses are again applied to the electromagnet 712, which is assigned to the trip contact 714 of the relay /.

This to-and-fro process continues under the control of the coarse control autotransformers 604 and 609 until the relay G responds at a sufficiently high speed and detaches itself from its contact 2 such that the relay N (FIG. 6) operates at a fairly high speed is actuated and triggered, whereby a sequence of grounding pulses is applied to the coil of relay L via contact 1 and relay N. The relay / is also made to respond and held in the response position by the rapid impulse from relay G via its contacts 2 and 3. As a result, the relay F is made ineffective and the relay M is made to respond, whereby the demagnetization process is ended. Such a rapid pulse sequence through the coil of the relay L causes the capacitor 646 lying in parallel to take up a sufficiently increased charge to cause the relay to actuate its armature. The armature comes to rest against the contact 3 and is held in this position due to the constant charging of the capacitor 643. During this response process, relay L opens the power supply circuit for motors 600 and 606 and closes the power supply circuit for motors 607 and 608. This is done via contact 3 of relay L and the contact of relay M at the time where the relay M is triggered after triggering the relay / and transition of the same to its contact 2. The actuation of the relay L not only starts the fine control, which is illustrated at the top right in Fig. 6, and the coarse control is deactivated, but also separates the circuit described above from the contact 2 of the relay L , whereby the transformer 726 (Fig. 7 ) is supplied with alternating current. This has the consequence that the relay I stops oscillating, whereupon the relays M and / are triggered and the relays N and G terminate their alternating response and triggering. This means that no alternating current is superimposed on the test currents that are introduced into the coil 719 of the relay7 during the remaining part of the relay setting. The circuit can continue the automatic operation when the brushes of the potentiometers 610 and 611, which effect the fine control, slowly move from the (! ^ Terminals in the direction of the <2> ² terminals / by very small, but nevertheless increasing, alternating current magnetization pulses to the to apply both electromagnets 712 and 713.

At the appropriate time a point is reached where the armature 718 of the relay / moves back and forth even faster between the contacts 716 and 714 and in turn causes the relay G to switch rapidly between its contacts ι and 3, whereupon enough numerous pulses are generated the conductor 645 is applied, 7.-to keep the relay / in the position where the contact 1 of the relay / is permanently earthed. This causes a permanent actuation of the relay M, which opens the actuating circuit for the motors 607 and 608 at its contact and accordingly interrupts the further demagnetization process.

This state is indicated by two lamps 710 and 711 (Fig. 7), which now light up in very rapid succession. The waitresses now moves the switch 615 into release and removes the relay / from the electromagnet holder, to prepare the arrangement for testing another relay.

Before starting a new test, the operator must return the potentiometers 610 and 611 intended for fine adjustment to their minimum or ^! Position. In addition, he can transfer the autotransformers 604 'and 605 to their starting position. The switch 627 (FIG. 6) provided for the fine adjustment can, if desired, be closed by hand, assuming that a coarse adjustment of the autotransformers 604 and 609 has been predetermined. This causes the relay L to be actuated immediately, in such a way that only the motors 607 and 608 which are decisive for the fine control are effective.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 8 and 9 differs from the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 in the essential in the following points:

1. The means by which progressively larger pulses of degaussing current from the AC power source consists of a pair of step switches, which are in the upper left Part of Fig. 8 are illustrated. These switches return to their normal position by themselves and therefore do not require a manual reset in their. Start position before a relay setting cycle begins.

2. There is no coarse control. which goes beyond the increase in the degaussing pulse strength. The step switches deliver the same increase in output from their entire adjustment range during the examination process. The relay test currents no alternating current is superimposed. '

3. A number of additional control relays are provided as follows from the description below will result.

Referring to Figure 9, the relay under test on the right is the same Shown in the manner of FIG. 7. at Non-actuation of the main switch 802 (Fig. 8) and non-actuation of the magnetization switch 900 of the demagnetizing device holder 901, of the operating device holder 902 and the operating switch 904, the various response and tripping

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flow of the Rüokstelle and test values on the potentiometers 909, 912, 913 can be adjusted in essentially the same manner as it. in connection with the circle according to FIGS. 6 and 7 was the case. If the trigger switch 903 is not operated and 'of the reset switch 905, the relays 3, 4 and S are in the position shown in FIG. 9. Through Actuation of switch 915 in one direction or the other, depending on the polarity of the deflection, the other 917 milliiammeter when open Switch 916 is to be read, can then be adjusted by setting the potentiometer 906 the predetermined value of the operating test current can be set in a circle which from the brush of the potentiometer 906 and through contact 1 of relay 3, contact 1 of the relay 5, coil 921 of the relay under test, contact 1 or 2 of switch 915, knife 917, contact 3 or 4 of switch 915 to the Brush of the potentiometer 914 and from there to the battery. The 917 milliammeter shows on when the setting of the potentiometer 906 to the predetermined value of the operating test current is made. With the switch 903 closed, actuation of the . Relays 3 and 4 in one grounded via the contact of switch 903. Circuit the potentiometer 912 via contact 2 of relay 3 and contact ι of relay 5 effective to the prescribed Set the value of the tripping test current. When switch 903 is operated, it also occurs the actuation of the switch 905, whereby the relay 5 korrfmt to respond. The potentiometer 913 can be set, whereby it is via contact 2 of, relay 4 and contact 2 of relay 5 takes effect, in turn, to set the prescribed A value of the trip reset current. at actuated switch 905 and triggered switch 903, whereby relay 5 in its response position remains and the relays 3 and 4 are triggered, the potentiometer 909 via contact 1 of the Relay 4 and contact 2 of relay 5 are effective in order to achieve the prescribed value of the response reset current to adjust. Switches 903 and 905 can then be triggered, and switch 916 can be moved to its closed position to short-circuit the 917 milliammeter.

After closing the main line switch 802 (FIG. 8), alternating current is applied from the source 800 via the fuse 801 and the switch 802 to the two alternating current lines, which are denoted by phase ¹ and phase Φ ² . This applies power to the primary winding of transformers 816, 810, 804 and 803.

In addition, the variable autotransformers are i 811, 805 supplied with alternating current.

For the purpose of initially over-magnetizing the permanent magnets 925 and 924, which correspond to the corresponding Tripping and addressing contacts 922 and 923 of the relay under test are assigned are, the magnetization switch 900 is closed, causing the following operations will:

1. The relays 15 and. 16 (Fig. 8) are in a Circuit operated from earth via contact 4 of switch 900 and via conductor 845 to the Coils of the relays 15 and 16 runs.

2. A circuit is closed that is connected to earth via contact 5 of switch 900, conductor 838 (Fig. 8) and runs through the contact of the relay 11 to the lower terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer 803 to apply earth potential.

3. Via contacts 1 and 3 of Schallter 900 and the corresponding, according to FIG. 8, for the associated brushes 820 and 824 of the step switches Leading conductors 848 and 856, end connections are made.

4. For the actuation of the relay 14 (Fig. 8), a circuit is closed, which ^{starts from the phase line Φ 2} and through the coil of the relay 14 and; leads the conductor 851, contact 2 of the switch 900, conductor 852 back to the Pahsenleitung Φ ¹ .

The relay 9 according to FIG. 8 works in the same way as it was described above for the relay E according to FIG Velocity, which is preferably a subharmonic 90 of the AC frequency. (For example, three to five oscillations per second with respect to a 6operiodic alternating current.) The speed at which relay 9 oscillates is primarily determined by the settings of autotransformer 825 and potentiometer 826, both of which represent a frequency setting. The time span for which the armature of the relay 9 remains at its contact 2 can be regulated with the help of the percentage setting potentiometer 829 in relation to the total time span during which the armature is at the contact 2 and at the contact 1.

Every time the relay 9 leads its armature against its contact 2, the relay 10 is through a combination of alternating and direct current actuates and comes with reference to alternating current oscillation in a moment to respond, which by setting the Pulse start potentiometer 830 is fixed.

Whenever the relay 10 responds and its contact earthed, earth potential is applied to the coil of relay 1, which the end connection via forwarded the conductor 843. Relay 1 then responds and retains its Response position for a short period of time that depends on the setting of the pulse stop potentiometer 858 depends. This sets the time constant of the circuit, causing the capacitor 859 to have a Accepts charge that is sufficient to trigger relay 1.

The various settings of the autotransformer s 825, of the frequency potentiometer 826, of the percentage setting potentiometer 829, of the pulse start potentiometer 820 and pulse stop potentiometer 858 are preferably operated using a

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Kennliinienschireibers made, which is connected across the terminals of the resistor 846, so that the relay 1 closes its contact when the alternating current oscillation in one direction passes through zero, and opens its contact when the alternating current oscillation in the other direction through zero 'passes . That is to say: the contact of relay 1 is closed only during an alternating current half-wave of predetermined polarity, as has been explained above with reference to relay A in FIG.

During the actuation of the relay 1, a circuit is closed, which starts out from the phase line Φ ¹ and via the contact of the relay 15 in parallel through the contacts ι and 2 of the relay 16 via the conductors 857 and 844 (Fig. 9) to the corresponding right and left sides of the windings of the. E. Electromagnets 919 and 917 and back via the corresponding conductors 850 and 849

to the associated contacts 2 and 1 of relay 2. It can be seen that contacts 1 and 2 of relay 2 are short-circuited by contact .1 of actuated relay 14. Therefore, regardless of the position of the relay 2, the circuit is above it. Anchor, through the resistance. 832, via the contact of the relay 1, the resistor 846 and the fusible conductor 847 as well as via the contact 2 of the relay 13 to the upper terminal of the autotransformer 811. This electrical circuit carries phase Φ ^{2 of} the alternating current. Accordingly, selected alternating current half-waves of a certain polarity are applied to the two magnets 917 and 919 in order to magnetize them.

In the event that the two step switches do not assume the positions according to FIG. 8, the earth connection is made to conductors 848 and 856 (FIG. 8) via the corresponding brush arms 820 and 824 and via the contacts of the corresponding step magnets SEL ₁ and SEL ₂ continued to operate the latter. Immediately after being actuated, these step magnets SEL ₁ and SEL ₂ open their own actuation circuits, as a result of which the brush arms of the associated switches are released and moved forward one step in the direction indicated by arrows. It can be seen that, for example, the brush arms of switches 817, 818, 819 and 820 are assigned to step magnet SEL ₁ and the brush arms of switches 821, 822, 823 and 824 are assigned to step magnet SEL ₂ . Each of these step switches automatically continues stepwise switching until position 22 is reached, whereby ground potential is applied to the battery via the brushes 819 and 823 through the right-hand coils of the corresponding relays 7 and 8. The relays 7 and 8 then bring their armature into the position shown, being in contact with their associated contact 1. If the tap changers are initially in the position shown, the relays 7 and 8 will nevertheless assume the position shown. It should be noted that when relays 7 and 8 are in the position shown, the primary windings of transformers 812 and 808 are short-circuited: so that no AC voltage or current is introduced into the secondary of these transformers.

The magnetization switch 900 is now triggered, whereby the switching to automatic ■ Operation is converted. The relays 15 and 16 are triggered, the brushes 820 and; 824 the Tap changers are disconnected from earth, relay 14 is triggered, and conductor 838 is separated from earth, whereby the oscillating movement of the relay 9 comes to a standstill.

To initiate the demagnetization process the switches 902 and 904 are brought into their operative position, and the degaussing switch 901 is closed. With the closure of the degaussing switch 901 are the following processes are connected:

1. Via contact 4 of switch 901 the conductor 838 is grounded, causing the relay 9, etc. to start oscillating. '

2. Via contact 3 of switch 901 Earth to the. Conductor 853 (Fig. 8) applied to cause relays 17 and 18 to operate.

3. Via contact 1 of switch 901 Earth to conductor 837 (Fig. 8) and through the left-hand coils of relays 7 and 8 to the Battery applied. The relays 7 and 8 are not made to respond, but they are held in the address position when they are made to respond, provided that the associated Step brush arms 819 and 823 connect the terminals of their contact arcs to earth as it continues has been described above.

4. The conductor 843 (Fig. 8), which is grounded each time the relay 10 responds, is connected via the contact of the switch 904 to the coil of the relay 5 and via the contact 2 of the switch 901 to the conductor 854, which runs back to the coil of the relay 13 (Fig. 8). Therefore, every time relay 10 responds (operated by relay 1, as described above), relay 5 is activated to apply the response or trip reset current value to relay 13 under test, and relay 13 is activated, to apply grounding pulses via its contact and via contact 1 or 2 of relay 6 to the corresponding step magnet SEL ₂ or SEL ₁ (Fig. 8).

As soon as the grounding of conductor 843 (Fig. 8) has been removed, relays 5 and 13 will trip in the same way when relay 10 is triggered, whereby the response or tripping test current value for the relay under test and the actuated step magnet come into effect SEL ₁ or SEL _{2 can} trigger to move the assigned tap changer one position forward.

When the relay under test is in the position shown in FIG. H. if its armature 720 is applied to its release contact 922, a circuit is closed, which the Relay 12 (Fig. 8) causes itself to be in the illustrated

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Position to move, with its armature is in contact with the contact 2. This circle extends from the battery through the armature920 of the relay under test, contact 929, resistor 926, conductor 820, through the coil of relay 12, conductor 841, resistor 927 and through the response lamp 929 to earth. The response lamp 929 is due to it in series lying impedance do not light up. In contrast, the trigger lamp 928 will light up, which immediately via contact 922 and armature 920 of the relay under test with the Battery is connected. The fact that the trigger lamp 928 is on shows the operator the state of the relay under test. When the relay, 12 is in the illustrated Is located, the earth is separated from its contact 1 and from the conductor 839, which is via the contact of switch 902 to the relay and 4 (Fig. 9) and via conductor 855 (Fig. 8) to the Coils of the relays 2 and 6 extends. The relays 3, 4, 2 and 6 are therefore triggered and take the position shown in the drawing.

Under this condition, each time the relay 1 responds, a circuit is closed in order to apply an alternating current of opposite polarity, i.e. opposite to the magnetization pulses at the electromagnet 917, which is assigned to the permanent magnet 925, which in turn is part of the trip contact 922 of the in the relay under test. This circuit extends from the (^! Line (Fig. 8) via the contact of relay 18, fusible conductor 847 and resistor 846, the contact of relay 1, resistor 832, contact 1 of relay 2, conductor 849, winding 917 , solenoid, conductor 844, contact 2 of relay 17, brush arms 822, brush 809, secondary side of transformer 808 and brush of autotransformer 805 back to the <2> ² side of the power line. It can be seen that the polarity of this circuit is reversed is, as previously described, when the magnetization process is in progress, given that the primary of transformer 808 is shorted across contact 1 of the relay, it should be noted that shorted or energized transformer 812 presents a substantially constant impedance , only the voltage derived from the autotransformer 805 is available in this demagnetization circuit and also the small amount of voltage which the Stellu ng of the brush 809: whose meaning is in the setting in one or the other position for the purpose of compensating for small differences between transformers, e.g. B. 812 and 816 or 808 and 810, exhausted. Simultaneously with the closing of the contact of relay 1, the conductor 843 is grounded by the response of the relay 10, whereupon relay 5 is made to respond via the contact of the switch 904. As a result, the response reset current value on potentiometer 909 is applied to coil 921 of the relay under test to provide assurance that armature 920 will remain in contact with contact 922.

As soon as the relay 10 is triggered, the relay 5 is triggered, whereby the response test current value is applied by the potentiometer 906 to the coil 921 of the relay under test. In the meantime, the relay 13 has been actuated and triggered once, whereby the step magnet SEL _{2 has} been caused to be actuated and triggered once and the associated brush arms have been advanced by one step.

If the armature 920 of the relay under test does not go over to its contact 923, a further demagnetization pulse is applied to the electromagnet 917 after the relay 10 responds again. This demagnetization pulse is somewhat larger, namely corresponding to the advance of the brush arm 822 by one step. Simultaneously with the application of the next demagnetization pulse to the electromagnet 917, the relay is made to respond again in order to again apply the response reset current value to the coil 921 of the relay under test. As soon as the relay 10 trips, the relay 5 is also made to trip and causes the application of the response test current value to the coil 921. In the meantime,. the step magnet SEL _{2 is} actuated and triggered again to advance the associated brush arms by one more step. This process continues without interruption until the point in time when the armature 920 of the relay under test moves from its contact 922 to its contact 923 when the response test current value is applied to the winding 921. As a result, the trigger lamp 928 goes out and the response lamp 929 lights up. It also completes a circuit that runs from the battery through armature 920, contact 923, resistor 927, conductor 841, the coil of relay 12, conductor 840, resistor 926, and through trip lamp 928 to ground. This battery pulse applied to the coil of relay 12 and exceeding the trickle charge maintained on capacitor 861 is sufficient to cause relay 12 to move its armature away from contact 2 and bring it into contact with its contacts 1 and 3. This armature movement of the relay 12 has the consequence that the charge previously absorbed by the capacitor 833 is discharged into the resistor 835 and the application of a grounding pulse via the armature of the relay 12 and its contact 3 and through the capacitor 834 to the coil of the relay 11 . This iao grounding, which increases the normally existing charge of the capacitor 860, causes the relay 11 to respond momentarily until the capacitor 834 can take up a sufficient charge to cause the relay 11 to trip. This momentary addressing and triggering of the

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Relay Ί ι has an opening of the circuit between the grounded conductor 838 and the bottom terminal of the transformer secondary winding 803 result, whereby the relay 9 is caused to stop its oscillating movement. It will also earth potential over the contact! of the relay 12 is applied to the conductor 839, which is in the Circuit according to FIG. 9 and extends over the contact of the switch 902 to the relays 3 and 4 to actuate, and which also over the conductor 855 (Fig. 8) the actuation of the relays 6 and 2 causes.

After the relay 11 has been triggered, the relay 9 can resume its oscillating movement after a temporary delay in order to again force the relays 10, 1 and S to respond and to cause a demagnetization pulse to be applied to the electromagnet 919. The circuit of this demagnetization pulse leads from phase Φ ^{1 of} the line via the contact of relay 18 through fusible conductor 847, resistor 846, contact of relay I, resistor 832, contact 2 of relay 2, conductor 850, through the winding of electromagnet 919 back via conductor 857, contact 1 of relay 17, to the brush 818 of the upper tap changer and further via the brush 813 through the secondary side of the transformer 812 back to the brush of the autotransformer 811. The only voltage available in this degaussing pulse circuit is that from the brush arm of the Autotransformer 811 derived voltage and the small amount of voltage which results from the position of the brush arm 813, due to the fact that the relay 7 short-circuits the primary side of the transformer 812.

With regard to the fact that the relay 4 responds during its demagnetizing pulse and that the relay 5 is also actuated, the potentiometer 913 causes the application of the trip reset current value to the coil 921 of the relay under test in order to force the armature 920 to make the response contact 923 of the relay under test to remain in contact. As soon as the demagnetization pulse has subsided, which results from the triggering of the relay 10, the relay 5 will trigger and, together with the response of the relay 3, cause the potentiometer 912 to apply the prescribed value of the triggering test current to the coil 921 of the relay under test to put on. If armature 920 does not return to its' 922 contact when this trip test current value is applied, then another demagnetizing pulse of slightly larger amplitude is applied to electromagnet 919. This greater amplitude of the demagnetizing pulse is due to the fact that during the response and tripping of the relay 10, the conductor 843 is earthed and separated from earth, with the result that the relay 13 responds and then triggers again. The response and triggering of the relay 13 results in a ground pulse via its contact and the contact 2 of the relay 6 to the coil of the step magnet SEL ₁ , whereupon the step magnet SEL _{1 is} actuated and triggered, moving the associated brush arms forward one step .

When the armature 920 rests on its response contact 923, this process continues for so long continues until the armature 920 is in the prescribed trip test circuit to its trip contact 922 moved. Thereafter, the relay 12 is again made to respond to its armature to bring into contact with the contact 2. That has a momentary response of the relay 11 to Result, which interrupts the visual swinging movement of the relay 9. The relay 9 in turn interrupts the application of degaussing pulses to the electromagnets and releases the relays 3, 4, 2 and 6 to set the relay control circuit to the one described above To change the state, whereby further degaussing pulses can be applied to the electromagnet.

The explained process is repeated back and forth with reference to the electromagnets 917 and 919, until a point is reached where the armature 920 is immediately between the contact 922 and 923 moved back and forth when the appropriate trip and response test current values are applied the. This causes a similar oscillation of the relay 12 between its contacts 2 and 3, whereby a train of grounding pulses is applied to the coil of relay 11, namely to keep the relay in the response position at all times. By constantly speaking to you of the relay 11, the demagnetization process is made ineffective by causing the relay 9 is to stop its visual swing. The rapid lighting up and going out of the two lamps 928 and 929 provide an operator noticeable indication that the The relay under test is now correctly set.

As soon as the magnetization switch 900 after the demagnetization switch 901 When the setting of the next relay is started, the two step mechanisms are activated 8 automatically switches to its normal starting position.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Arrangement for the automatic adjustment of the permanent pre-magnetization of a polarized] relay, characterized by a control circuit, which on a switch with at least two positions responds, wherein in the first position of the control circuit with one with the coil magnetically coupled to the permanent magnet, a source of magnetizing current pulses, whose amplitude is dimensioned for an over-magnetization of the permanent magnet, connects, while in the second Position the control circuit with the coil one 508/287 W 16193 VIIIc / 21g Source of variable degaussing current pulses of progressively increasing Size connects, and which also optionally with the response coil of the polarized Relay brings a reset current source in connection, the size of which is sufficient to during the Application of the degaussing impulses the relay armature on that of the degaussing to keep subject contact, or in the ίο pauses between the pulses a test current source the size of which is the value required for releasing the armature from said contact with the correct relay setting corresponds, and characterized by a detector, which depends on the from Contact away from armature movement causes the control circuit to initiate the series of degaussing pulses to end. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1 for relays with two contacts, each of which is assigned a permanent magnet, characterized in that, that a detector is provided for each contact and the control circuit is designed in this way is that when the first detector responds to display the solution of the Armature is caused by the first contact of the control circuit, degaussing pulses to apply the degaussing pulses associated with the second contact, while upon response of the second detector to indicate the loosening of the anchor from the second Control circuit is caused to again degaussing pulses to the degaussing coil assigned to the first contact applied, whereby degaussing pulses are ultimately sent to the two degaussing coils be applied until the detectors alternate immediately after the setting is completed Show solution of each of the contacts. 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, there 40 · characterized in that for the generation variable Enitmagnietisierungsimpulse a constantly changing potentiometer and a continuously changing autotransformer with AC power supply are provided, wherein the. Control circuit selects half waves of only one polarity. 4. Arrangement according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the application of the degaussing pulses to the coil or Coils is controlled by means of a pulse relay. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the pulse relay by the Response of a detector indicating the armature movement is rendered ineffective. 6. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Application of the test and reset currents is controlled by a pair of relays. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings