DE976691C - Process for the manufacture of dry rectifiers - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of dry rectifiersInfo
- Publication number
- DE976691C DE976691C DEJ3988A DEJ0003988A DE976691C DE 976691 C DE976691 C DE 976691C DE J3988 A DEJ3988 A DE J3988A DE J0003988 A DEJ0003988 A DE J0003988A DE 976691 C DE976691 C DE 976691C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- barrier layer
- layer
- counter electrode
- semiconductor
- conductivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WKMKTIVRRLOHAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);thallium(1+) Chemical compound [O-2].[Tl+].[Tl+] WKMKTIVRRLOHAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003438 thallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/06—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising selenium or tellurium in uncombined form other than as impurities in semiconductor bodies of other materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/46—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/428
- H01L21/479—Application of electric currents or fields, e.g. for electroforming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/24—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only semiconductor materials not provided for in groups H01L29/16, H01L29/18, H01L29/20, H01L29/22
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zurThe invention relates to a method for
Herstellung von Gleichrichtern für elektrische Ströme, bestehend aus einer durch Pressen und Sintern hergestellten halbleitenden Schicht aus oxydischen Titanverbindungen.Manufacture of rectifiers for electrical currents, consisting of one by pressing and Sintered semiconducting layer made of oxidic titanium compounds.
Es ist bekannt, daß die halbleitende Form von Titandioxyd gleichrichtende Eigenschaften hat, und es wurden Gleichrichterverhältnisse von etwa ioo : ι erhalten. Jedoch mußte ein innerer Widerstand von mehreren Megohm in der Durchlaßrichtung in Kauf genommen werden (Klarmann, Wiss. Veröffentl. Siemens, i8, S. 198 [1938]). Die Stoffe, welche in solchen Gleichrichtern verwendet werden sollen, verdanken ihre gleichrichtenden Eigenschaften der Abweichung des Sauerstoffgehaltes von dem stöchiometrischen Verhältnis. Diese Abweichungen sind allerdings zu klein, um mittels chemischer Analyse festgestellt zu werden. Das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Gleichrichters, der aus einer durch Pressen und ao Sintern hergestellten halbleitenden Schicht aus oxydischen Titanverbindungen, einer Gegenelektrode und einer Sperrschicht zwischen beiden besteht, wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch ausgeführt, daß dieIt is known that the semiconducting form of titanium dioxide has rectifying properties, and rectifier ratios of about 100: ι were obtained. However, there had to be an inner resistance of several megohms in the forward direction are accepted (Klarmann, Wiss. Ver Publ. Siemens, 18, p. 198 [1938]). the Substances which are to be used in such rectifiers owe their rectifying properties Properties of the deviation of the oxygen content from the stoichiometric ratio. However, these deviations are too small to be determined by chemical analysis. The method of manufacturing such a rectifier, which consists of a by pressing and ao Sintered semiconducting layer made of oxidic titanium compounds, a counter electrode and a barrier layer exists between the two, is carried out according to the invention in that the
409 512/6409 512/6
halbleitende Schicht zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit in einer Mischung aus Wasserstoff und Stickstoff auf etwa 13000 C erhitzt, auf der Oberfläche der Halbleiterschicht durch Behandlung mit Sauerstoff oder Oxydationsmitteln eine Sperrschicht erzeugt und jede Schicht mit einer Elektrode versehen wird.semiconducting layer to increase the conductivity in a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen is heated to about 1300 ° C., a barrier layer is created on the surface of the semiconductor layer by treatment with oxygen or oxidizing agents and each layer is provided with an electrode.
Die im folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele gemäß der Erfindung gehen von der halbleitenden Form von Titandioxyd aus. Ein gepreßter und gesinterter Körper von Titandioxyd erhält die Form einer Scheibe, indem man Titandioxyd mit Wasser zu einer Paste anrührt, welcher etwas Gelatine oder Leim zugefügt worden ist. Diese Paste wird dann in Scheibenform zu einer Dichte von etwa 3,5 gepreßt. Die Scheibe wird getrocknet und in Luft für etwa 1V2 Stunden auf 10500 C vorgebrannt. Das abschließende Brennen bei etwa 13000 C wird in einer Atmosphäre aus ao Wasserstoff und Stickstoff etwa 1 Stunde lang durchgeführt. Die ,Scheibe kann dann im Ofen in Wasserstoffatmosphäre abkühlen.The exemplary embodiments according to the invention described below are based on the semiconducting form of titanium dioxide. A pressed and sintered body of titanium dioxide is given the shape of a disk by mixing titanium dioxide with water to form a paste to which a little gelatin or glue has been added. This paste is then pressed into disk shape to a density of about 3.5. The disk is pre-baked and dried in air for about 1V2 hours at 1050 0 C. The final firing at about 1300 0 C is carried out in an atmosphere of ao hydrogen and nitrogen for about 1 hour. The disk can then cool down in the furnace in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Es wurde gefunden, daß dieses abschließende Brennen in einer Mischung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff zu besseren Ergebnissen führt als in reinem Wasserstoff. Durch diese Behandlung wird die Brennoperation erleichtert. Es wird nämlich etwas von dem Titandioxyd in Nitrid umgewandelt und dadurch die mechanische Festigkeit der Scheibe erheblich verbessert, ohne daß die elektrischen Eigenschaften beeinträchtigt werden.It has been found that this final firing in a mixture of hydrogen and Nitrogen gives better results than pure hydrogen. Through this treatment becomes the firing operation is facilitated. This is because some of the titanium dioxide is converted into nitride and thereby the mechanical strength of the disc is significantly improved without the electrical Properties are impaired.
Eine Grundelektrode wird- auf der einen ,Seite der Scheibe z. B. durch Aufbrennen einer Silberpaste erzeugt. Die andere Oberfläche der halbleitenden Schicht wird in bekannter Weise poliert und mit einer Knallgasflamme zur Herstellung der Sperrschicht behandelt, so daß die Oberfläche eine Temperatur von etwa- 500° C annimmt. Auf die Sperrschicht wird eine Gegenelektrode aufgebracht. Diese Gegenelektrode mag aus einer aufgepreßten Bleifolie bestehen.A ground electrode is on one side of the disc z. B. by burning on a silver paste generated. The other surface of the semiconducting layer is polished in a known manner and treated with an oxyhydrogen flame to produce the barrier layer, so that the surface a Assumes a temperature of about -500 ° C. A counter electrode is applied to the barrier layer. This counter electrode may consist of a pressed-on lead foil.
Es kann aber auch eine Silberpaste verwendet werden, die mit einer niedrigeren Temperatur als 5000 C aufgehrannt werden kann. Es gibt solche, für die eine Temperatur von 3000 C ausreicht. Bessere Resultate als mit einer von diesen Gegenelektroden wurden jedoch mit einer Gegenelektrode aus Tellur erreicht. Mit einer solchen Gegenelektrode ergaben sich für einen Gleichrichter von 0,5 cm2 die folgenden charakteristischen Werte:But it can also be used a silver paste, which can be aufgehrannt with a temperature lower than 500 0 C. There are those for which a temperature of 300 ° C. is sufficient. However, better results than with one of these counter-electrodes were achieved with a counter-electrode made of tellurium. With such a counter electrode, the following characteristic values were obtained for a rectifier of 0.5 cm 2:
Vorwärtswiderstand "JJ Ohm, Sperrwiderstand 90 000 Ohm. Die Sperrspannung betrug 20 Volt bei Wechselstrom von 50 Perioden. Der Gleichstromwiderstand des Blocks war 40 Ohm ohne Oberflächenbehandlung.Forward resistance "JJ ohms, blocking resistance 90,000 ohms. The blocking voltage was 20 volts with AC current of 50 cycles. The DC resistance of the block was 40 ohms with no surface treatment.
Als vorteilhaft hat sich weiterhin- erwiesen, in die Gegenelektrode aus Tellur ein Metalloxyd hineinzubringen, und zwar hat sich insbesondere ein Thalliumoxyd bewährt. Ein Gleichrichter, der in dieser Weise aufgebaut war, gab eine sehr große Leistung ab, und darüber hinaus erwies er sich hinsichtlich seiner Stabilität und Beständigkeit erheblich verbessert. Ein solcher Gleichrichter zeigte bei 50 Perioden und bei einer Temperatur von 2000 C folgende charakteristische Werte:It has also proven advantageous to introduce a metal oxide into the counter electrode made of tellurium, and a thallium oxide in particular has proven itself. A rectifier constructed in this way had a very large output, and moreover, it was found to be greatly improved in stability and durability. Such a rectifier showed the following characteristic values at 50 periods and at a temperature of 200 ° C.
Durchlaßwiderstand 1,25 OhmForward resistance 1.25 ohms
Sperrwiderstand 125 OhmBlocking resistance 125 ohms
Sperrspannung 12 VoltReverse voltage 12 volts
Die aktive Oberfläche des Gleichrichters lag in der Größenordnung von 1 cm2, so daß ein Gleichrichter von dieser Art sehr gut für Leistungsumsatz ' geeignet ist.The active surface of the rectifier was on the order of 1 cm 2 , so that a rectifier of this type is very suitable for power conversion.
Die Oberflächenbehandlung des Halbleiters zur Herstellung der Sperrschicht kann entweder vor oder nach der Anbringung der Grundelektrode durchgeführt werden.The surface treatment of the semiconductor for the production of the barrier layer can either before or after attaching the base electrode.
Die Oberflächenbehandlung kann aber auch auf andere Weise durchgeführt werden. So kann z. B. 80' die Oberfläche mit einem chemischen Oxydationsmittel behandelt werden, oder sie kann elektrolytisch oxydiert werden, z.B. durch anodische Behandlung in Schwefelsäure oder Oxalsäure. Für den Fall der elektrolytischen Behandlung ist es offensichtlich vorteilhaft, diese nach der Anbringung der Grundelektrode durchzuführen.The surface treatment can, however, also be carried out in other ways. So z. B. 80 ' the surface can be treated with a chemical oxidant, or it can be electrolytic oxidized, e.g. by anodic treatment in sulfuric acid or oxalic acid. For the In the case of electrolytic treatment, it is obviously advantageous to do this after the application of the Carry out the ground electrode.
Die Sperrschicht kann aber auch dadurch hergestellt werden,, daß auf die Oberfläche eine dünne Schicht aus einem anderen Material, jedoch vom gleichen Typ wie dem der Scheibe, aufgebracht wird.The barrier layer can also be produced, that on the surface a thin Layer of a different material, but of the same type as that of the disc, is applied will.
Diese Schicht soll jedoch einen höheren Gehalt an Sauerstoff besitzen als der Scheibenkörper selbst. So ergibt z. B. Titandioxyd, das aus Titantetrachlorid oder Butyltitanat niedergeschlagen wurde, zusammen mit einer halbleitenden Titandioxydscheibe einen Gleichrichter.However, this layer should have a higher content of oxygen than the disk body itself. B. Titanium dioxide, which is precipitated from titanium tetrachloride or butyl titanate became, together with a semiconducting titanium dioxide disc, a rectifier.
Es können aber auch andere halbleitende Stoffe verwendet werden, z. B. Bariumtitanat oder ein anderes Titanat in halbleitender Form oder gemischte Halbleiterkristalle von Titandioxyd und einem anderen Metalloxyd.However, other semiconducting substances can also be used, e.g. B. barium titanate or a other titanate in semiconducting form or mixed semiconductor crystals of titanium dioxide and another metal oxide.
Aus elektrischen Gründen ist es wünschenswert, eine Halbleiterschicht von möglichst geringer Dicke zu haben. Dann mag es wieder angebracht sein, die Grundelektrode so stark auszuführen, daß sie dem Ganzen mechanische Festigkeit gibt. Das kann z. B. auf die Weise geschehen, daß man eine Halbleiterscheibe zusammen mit der Grundelektrode herstellt, indem man zwei Pulverschichten, von denen die eine aus Metallpulver, z. B. aus Eisenpulver, besteht und die andere aus halbleitendem Stoff, zusammenpreßt und den Preßling sintert.For electrical reasons it is desirable to have a semiconductor layer of as small a thickness as possible to have. Then it may again be appropriate to make the base electrode so strong that it is the Gives total mechanical strength. This can e.g. B. done in such a way that you have a semiconductor wafer together with the ground electrode by adding two layers of powder, one of which one made of metal powder, e.g. B. made of iron powder, and the other made of semiconducting material, compresses and sinters the compact.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB22203/49A GB672732A (en) | 1949-08-26 | 1949-08-26 | Improvements in or relating to electric current rectifiers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE976691C true DE976691C (en) | 1964-02-27 |
Family
ID=10175594
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEJ3988A Expired DE976691C (en) | 1949-08-26 | 1951-04-01 | Process for the manufacture of dry rectifiers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2695380A (en) |
BE (1) | BE497748A (en) |
CH (1) | CH311957A (en) |
DE (1) | DE976691C (en) |
FR (1) | FR1023735A (en) |
GB (1) | GB672732A (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2721966A (en) * | 1950-06-22 | 1955-10-25 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal | Manufacture of dry surface contact rectifiers |
US2883305A (en) * | 1950-09-27 | 1959-04-21 | Auwarter Max | Photoelectric semiconductors and method of producing same |
US2766508A (en) * | 1952-05-22 | 1956-10-16 | Gen Electric | Blocking layer for titanium oxide rectifier |
US2821490A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1958-01-28 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Titanate rectifiers |
US2820184A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1958-01-14 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Titanate rectifiers |
US2851405A (en) * | 1953-07-03 | 1958-09-09 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Titanate rectifiers |
US2826725A (en) * | 1953-11-10 | 1958-03-11 | Sarkes Tarzian | P-n junction rectifier |
US2796564A (en) * | 1953-12-21 | 1957-06-18 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electric circuit element |
US2972570A (en) * | 1955-04-07 | 1961-02-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | Thin film ceramic capacitor and method of making |
US2822606A (en) * | 1955-10-09 | 1958-02-11 | Yoshida Koji | Titanium oxide rectifier and method for manufacturing same |
US2922730A (en) * | 1956-06-07 | 1960-01-26 | Feldman Charles | Method of forming thin films of barium titanate |
US2967282A (en) * | 1957-09-30 | 1961-01-03 | Gen Electric | High temperature resistor |
FR1237912A (en) * | 1959-06-26 | 1960-08-05 | Quartz & Silice | Improvements in the manufacture of dielectrics, in particular for electrolytic capacitors |
US3121830A (en) * | 1960-10-04 | 1964-02-18 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Single-crystal rutile capacitor and method of fabrication |
US3262867A (en) * | 1962-11-28 | 1966-07-26 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Method for making film capacitors |
US3351500A (en) * | 1963-03-13 | 1967-11-07 | Globe Union Inc | Method of forming a transistor and varistor by reduction and diffusion |
US3365378A (en) * | 1963-12-31 | 1968-01-23 | Ibm | Method of fabricating film-forming metal capacitors |
US3507759A (en) * | 1966-09-15 | 1970-04-21 | American Cyanamid Co | Removal of conductive metal oxide from a metal oxide coated insulating substrate |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL97133C (en) * | 1959-08-01 | 1900-01-01 | ||
DE667780C (en) * | 1937-09-28 | 1938-11-19 | John James Kirwan | Process for the production of mouthpiece coverings |
US2162362A (en) * | 1938-10-11 | 1939-06-13 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Asymmetrical conductor |
GB565323A (en) * | 1943-11-22 | 1944-11-06 | Otto Kurt Kolb | Improvements relating to alternating electric current rectifiers of the selenium type |
DE946075C (en) * | 1945-03-29 | 1956-07-26 | Siemens Ag | Dry barrier rectifier |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US879062A (en) * | 1907-04-05 | 1908-02-11 | Massachusetts Wireless Equipment Company | Rectifier and detector. |
US929582A (en) * | 1908-09-10 | 1909-07-27 | William P Mashinter | Electric-current rectifier. |
GB483088A (en) * | 1936-10-13 | 1938-04-12 | Franz Rother | Improvements in and relating to barrier plane rectifying cells and photo-electric cells |
-
0
- BE BE497748D patent/BE497748A/xx unknown
-
1949
- 1949-08-26 GB GB22203/49A patent/GB672732A/en not_active Expired
-
1950
- 1950-08-17 US US180100A patent/US2695380A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1950-08-24 FR FR1023735D patent/FR1023735A/en not_active Expired
- 1950-08-25 CH CH311957D patent/CH311957A/en unknown
-
1951
- 1951-04-01 DE DEJ3988A patent/DE976691C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE667780C (en) * | 1937-09-28 | 1938-11-19 | John James Kirwan | Process for the production of mouthpiece coverings |
US2162362A (en) * | 1938-10-11 | 1939-06-13 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Asymmetrical conductor |
GB565323A (en) * | 1943-11-22 | 1944-11-06 | Otto Kurt Kolb | Improvements relating to alternating electric current rectifiers of the selenium type |
DE946075C (en) * | 1945-03-29 | 1956-07-26 | Siemens Ag | Dry barrier rectifier |
NL97133C (en) * | 1959-08-01 | 1900-01-01 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH311957A (en) | 1955-12-15 |
US2695380A (en) | 1954-11-23 |
BE497748A (en) | |
GB672732A (en) | 1952-05-28 |
FR1023735A (en) | 1953-03-23 |
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