DE974267C - Process for the destruction of phenolic water - Google Patents
Process for the destruction of phenolic waterInfo
- Publication number
- DE974267C DE974267C DEK4063D DEK0004063D DE974267C DE 974267 C DE974267 C DE 974267C DE K4063 D DEK4063 D DE K4063D DE K0004063 D DEK0004063 D DE K0004063D DE 974267 C DE974267 C DE 974267C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- phenolic
- phenol
- gas generator
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Vernichtung von Phenolwasser Bei der Vergasung von Braunkohlen und Braunkohlen-PreBkohlen mit angeschlossener Gasreinigung und -kühlung fallen phenolhaltige Abwässer an, die dadurch vernichtet werden können, daß man sie dem Unterwind bis zu dessen Sättigung zusetzt. Bei Preßkohle kann beispielsweise die Vernichtung bis zu 22o g Wasser je kg vergaster Kohle erreicht werden, wenn das Ascheverhalten eine Dampf-Luft-Gemischtemperatur von 52 bis 54°C zuläßt. Bei Rohbraunkohle, deren Asche im allgemeinen eine geringere Windsättigung vorschreibt, ist die vernichtete Phenolwassermenge entsprechend geringer.Process for the destruction of phenolic water in the gasification of lignite and lignite pre-coal with connected gas cleaning and cooling phenol-containing wastewater, which can be destroyed by demolishing it Under wind clogs up to its saturation. In compressed coal, for example, the Destruction of up to 220 g of water per kg of gasified coal can be achieved if that Ash behavior allows a steam-air mixture temperature of 52 to 54 ° C. With raw lignite, whose ash generally dictates less wind saturation, is the destroyed one The amount of phenol water is correspondingly lower.
Nach bis jetzt bekannten Verfahren wird das Phenolwasser vorgewärmt, und die Vergasungsluft wird in Horden- oder Kaskadensättigern mit dem warmen Phenolwasser in Berührung gebracht, wobei sie sich aufwärmt und mit Gaswasserdampf sättigt. Dabei kommt das durch die Sättiger umlaufende Phenolwasser wiederholt mit der Luft in Berührung, wobei die Phenole oxydieren und Phenolharze bilden. Diese Harze verlegen die ganze Apparatur und rufen so häufige Störungen hervor, daB ein geregelter Dauerbetrieb nicht möglich ist.The phenol water is preheated according to methods known up to now, and the gasification air is in tray or cascade saturators with the warm phenol water brought into contact, where it warms up and saturates with gas water vapor. Included the phenolic water circulating through the saturator comes in repeatedly with the air Contact, whereby the phenols oxidize and form phenolic resins. Lay these resins the whole apparatus and cause so frequent disturbances that a regulated continuous operation not possible.
Das spezifische Gewicht des Phenolwassers steigt bei der Oxydation des Phenols von 1,004 bis auf 1,024 kg/1. Bei letzterem haben sich schon Phenolharze ausgeschieden, die das Wasser trübe erscheinen lassen. Die abgeschiedenen Phenolharze kann man in großen Absetzgruben zwar teilweise von dem Phenolwasser durch Absetzen trennen; das umzupumpende Phenolwasser stellt aber eine gesättigte Lösung dar, die überall an den Wänden der Gruben, der Rohrleitungen und Pumpen, selbst bei hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, weitere Phenolharze abscheidet. Da bei direkter Beheizung des Vorwärmers die an den Wänden abgesetzten Phenolharze verkoken, ist eine Vorwärmung des Phenolwassers nur indirekt durch Dampf möglich. Aber auch hierbei läßt die Wirkung der Dampfheizschlangen schon innerhalb von 8 Tagen sehr stark nach, da sich die Schlangen äußerlich ebenfalls mit Phenolharzen belegen.The specific weight of the phenolic water increases with the oxidation of the phenol from 1.004 to 1.024 kg / l. In the latter, phenolic resins have already proven themselves excreted, which make the water appear cloudy. The departed Phenolic resins can be partially removed from the phenolic water in large sedimentation pits separate by settling; however, the phenolic water to be pumped is saturated Solution that is everywhere on the walls of the pits, pipes and pumps, even at high flow rates, further phenolic resins are deposited. Included direct heating of the preheater coke the phenolic resins deposited on the walls, preheating of the phenol water is only possible indirectly using steam. But also the steam heating coils work very well within 8 days strongly, as the snakes are also externally coated with phenolic resins.
Bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung werden die geschilderten Schwierigkeiten dadurch vermieden, daß das Phenolwasser unter Vermeidung jeglichen Luftzutrittes einem geschlossenen Behälter, z. B. einem Röhrenverdampfer, zugeleitet und in diesem bei einem über dem Druck der dem Gaserzeuger zugeleiteten Vergasungsluft liegenden Druck verdampft, der Phenolwasserdampf in die Windleitung des Gaserzeugers geleitet und das Phenolwasserdampf-Luft-Gemisch so weit erhitzt wird, daß bis zum Durchgang dieses Gemisches durch den Gaserzeugerrost und die auf diesem liegende Aschenschicht keine Kondensation eintreten kann. Die Sättigung selber erfolgt regelbar durch den Zusatz des verdampften Phenolwassers; die Zusammensetzung ist durch die Temperatur des Dampf-Luft-Gemisches genau festzulegen und zu messen. Die Wärme für die Verdampfung des Wassers kann durch Wärmetausch dem im Dampfmantel des Gaserzeugers erzeugten Dampf entnommen werden; wenn diese Dampfmenge nicht ausreicht, ist auch noch eine Zusatzheizung, z. B. mit Generatorgas, anwendbar, da in dem geschlossenen Phenolwasserverdampfer keine Phenolharze anfallen und somit eine Verkokung nicht eintreten kann.In the method according to the invention, the difficulties outlined are thereby avoided that the phenol water while avoiding any air admission a closed container, e.g. B. a tube evaporator, fed and in this in the case of one lying above the pressure of the gasification air supplied to the gas generator Pressure evaporates, the phenol water vapor is conducted into the wind pipe of the gas generator and the phenol water vapor-air mixture is heated until it passes this mixture through the gas generator grate and the layer of ash lying on it no condensation can occur. The saturation itself is adjustable by the Addition of the vaporized phenolic water; the composition is by temperature precisely determine and measure the vapor-air mixture. The heat for evaporation of the water can be generated by heat exchange in the steam jacket of the gas generator Steam can be withdrawn; if this amount of steam is not enough, there is also another Additional heating, e.g. B. with generator gas, applicable because in the closed phenol water evaporator there are no phenolic resins and therefore coking cannot occur.
Die Verdampfung des Phenolwassers kann auch in dem Wasser- bzw. Dampfmantel des Gaserzeugers selbst erfolgen. Ein Zusetzen dieses Wasser- bzw. Dampfmantels durch Phenole ist nicht zu befürchten, da die Phenole, Amine und Schwefelverbindungen in den Abwässern bei Ioo bis I06°C vollständig wasserdampfflüchtig sind. Es tritt auch, wie das Gleichbleiben des spezifischen Gewichtes von 1,003 kg/1 zeigt, beim Verdampfen des Phenolwassers keine Phenolkonzentration ein.The evaporation of the phenolic water can also take place in the water or steam jacket of the gas generator itself. A clogging of this water or steam jacket through phenols is not to be feared, as the phenols, amines and sulfur compounds are completely steam-volatile in the wastewater at 100 to 106 ° C. It kicks also, as the constant specific gravity of 1.003 kg / l shows, at Evaporation of the phenolic water does not induce a phenol concentration.
Nach dem Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung lassen sich praktisch alle Phenole, Amine und Schwefelverbindungen der beim Gaserzeugerbetrieb anfallenden schädlichen Abwässer unter Rost bringen und vernichten. Die geringe im Verdampfer gebildete Schlammenge kann täglich in die Aschenschüssel abgelassen werden. Zur Sicherheit gegen die Bildung von Spuren von Phenolharz, die durch den Luftgehalt des zulaufenden Phenolwassers verursacht werden könnte, werden dem Phenolwasser im Verdampfer bzw. in der Wasserkammer vorteilhaft geringe Mengen Eisensalz oder äquivalente Salze zugesetzt, wodurch sich flockig anfallende Eisenphenolate ergeben, die nicht kleben und keine Verkokungen verursachen, sondern sich leicht absetzen und daher auch leicht abgelassen werden können. Diese Eisenphenolate haben somit nicht mehr die schädlichen Wirkungen von Phenolharzen. Ein solcher Zusatz erübrigt sich bei geringen Mengen gelöster Luft im Phenolwasser, da dann die Eisenphenolate durch die Spuren gelösten Eisens gebildet werden, die von den Wandungen der Apparatur in Lösung gehen.Practically all of them can be used according to the method according to the invention Phenols, amines and sulfur compounds of those produced by the gas generator Bring harmful sewage under rust and destroy it. The low in the evaporator The amount of sludge formed can be drained into the ashtray every day. To the Protection against the formation of traces of phenolic resin caused by the air content the incoming phenolic water could be caused by the phenolic water in the evaporator or in the water chamber advantageously small amounts of iron salt or equivalent salts added, resulting in flaky iron phenolates, which do not stick and do not cause coking, but rather settle easily and can therefore also be easily drained. These iron phenates thus have no longer the harmful effects of phenolic resins. Such an addition is unnecessary with small amounts of dissolved air in the phenol water, because then the iron phenolates formed by the traces of dissolved iron on the walls of the apparatus go into solution.
Das Verfahren sei beispielsweise an Hand des in der Zeichnung wiedergegebenen Schaubildes erläutert. Das Phenolwasser, das verdampft werden soll, gelangt durch die Leitung f in den als Röhrenverdampfer ausgebildeten Verdampferbehälter a, b und wird durch Heizdampf verdampft, der durch den Rohrstutzen c eintritt und dessen Kondenswasser durch die Leitung d abgeführt wird. Am tiefsten Punkt des Verdampferbehälters a ist ein Abschlammventil e vorgesehen.The method is shown, for example, on the basis of that shown in the drawing Diagram explained. The phenolic water to be evaporated passes through the line f into the evaporator container designed as a tube evaporator a, b and is evaporated by heating steam that enters through the pipe socket c and its Condensation water is discharged through line d. At the lowest point of the evaporator tank a blowdown valve e is provided.
Die Speisung des Verdampferbehälters a über die Rohrleitung f erfolgt von dem Hochbehälter h aus, der so hoch angeordnet ist, daß der Wasserdruck den im Verdampferbehälter a erzeugten Dampfdruck überwindet und das Phenolwasser in den Verdampferbehälter eintreten kann. Durch ein Schwimmerventil g wird erreicht, daß der Wasserstand im Verdampfer a konstant gehalten wird. Ein weiterer Schwimmer i im Hochbehälter h steuert Kontakte k. Durch diese Kontakte wird die Förderpumpe in Gang gesetzt bzw. abgeschaltet, die das Phenolwasser von der Sammelgrube in den Hochbehälter h fördert.The vaporizer tank a is fed via the pipeline f from the elevated tank h, which is arranged so high that the water pressure overcomes the vapor pressure generated in the evaporator tank a and the phenol water can enter the evaporator tank. A float valve g ensures that the water level in the evaporator a is kept constant. Another float i in the elevated tank h controls contacts k. These contacts start or stop the feed pump that pumps the phenol water from the sump into the elevated tank h.
Der Verdampferbehälter a steht über ein Ventil l mit der Windleitung o in Verbindung. Das Ventil L wird durch den Thermoregler m derart gesteuert, daß die Sättigung des Windes mit Phenolwasserdampf erreicht wird. Beispielsweise regelt der Thermoregler die Sättigung des Unterwindes bei gleichmäßig 52°C; d. h., bei ansteigender Temperatur des Gemisches aus Luft und Gaswasserdampf über 52°C drosselt der Temperaturregler m die Zufuhr des zweitgenannten Mittels durch entsprechende Verstellung des Ventils l; bei Absinken dieser Temperatur unter 52°C wird von ihm dagegen das Ventil l weiter geöffnet. Das ebenso wie der Thermoregler m in der Vermischungszone angeordnete Fernthermometer n dient der Überwachung des Betriebes. Der mit Phenolwasser gesättigte Unterwind durchläuft anschließend den Überhitzer P und wird dann mittels der Leitung q unter den Rost des Gaserzeugers geleitet. Durch die Überhitzung wird erreicht, daß keine Kondensatbildung bis zum Rostdurchgang eintritt.The evaporator container a is connected to the wind pipe via a valve l o in connection. The valve L is controlled by the thermoregulator m such that the saturation of the wind with phenolic water vapor is achieved. For example, regulates the thermoregulator controls the saturation of the lower wind at a constant 52 ° C; d. h., at increasing temperature of the mixture of air and gas water vapor over 52 ° C throttles the temperature controller m the supply of the second-mentioned agent by appropriate Adjustment of the valve l; if this temperature drops below 52 ° C, it will on the other hand, the valve l is opened further. That as well as the thermoregulator m in the mixing zone The remote thermometer n is arranged to monitor operation. The one with phenolic water saturated wind then passes through the superheater P and is then means the pipe q is passed under the grate of the gas generator. The overheating will ensures that no condensation occurs until the grate penetrates.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEK4063D DE974267C (en) | 1941-04-20 | 1941-04-20 | Process for the destruction of phenolic water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEK4063D DE974267C (en) | 1941-04-20 | 1941-04-20 | Process for the destruction of phenolic water |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE974267C true DE974267C (en) | 1960-11-10 |
Family
ID=7210143
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEK4063D Expired DE974267C (en) | 1941-04-20 | 1941-04-20 | Process for the destruction of phenolic water |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE974267C (en) |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE152690C (en) * | ||||
DE74982C (en) * | FlCHET ET HEURTEY in Paris | Apparatus for overheating steam and air | ||
GB120717A (en) * | 1918-03-08 | 1919-09-09 | William Hart | Improvements in, and relating to, Suction Gas Plant. |
DE365810C (en) * | 1922-12-22 | Schultz Johannes | Suction gas generator with side feed of fuel | |
DE390436C (en) * | 1920-10-05 | 1924-02-19 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Process for cooling the iron shaft double jacket of gases operated with sub-steam by means of liquid moving in a circuit |
DE479868C (en) * | 1923-11-09 | 1929-07-25 | Raphael Malbay | Gas generator for the production of fuel gas, especially for the supply of internal combustion engines in motor vehicles |
AT128024B (en) * | 1929-09-18 | 1932-05-10 | Albert Ing Breisig | Process for the elimination of waste water containing phenols or similar impurities from coking plants, gas works, smelting plants and wood distillation plants by evaporation. |
FR727778A (en) * | 1930-11-28 | 1932-06-24 | Humphreys & Glasgow Ltd | Improvements in the production of combustible gas |
DE564145C (en) * | 1929-05-14 | 1932-11-17 | Heinrich Koppers Akt Ges | Generator jacket |
DE641267C (en) * | 1932-02-06 | 1937-01-26 | Hamburger Gaswerke Gmbh | Use and elimination of the ammonia-water vapor mixture passing over from the ammonia stripping columns of a coal degassing system |
DE641369C (en) * | 1937-01-29 | Poetter G M B H | Process for the removal of high-phenol-containing gas water in generator systems | |
DE666245C (en) * | 1935-10-11 | 1938-10-18 | Hansa Gas Generatoren G M B H | Vehicle gas generator with ascending gasification, which has a water evaporation chamber located in the upper part of the shaft |
DE685009C (en) * | 1936-05-09 | 1939-12-09 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Akt G | Steam generating system heated by engine exhaust gases to operate auxiliary steam engines on ships powered by gas generator engines |
DE699020C (en) * | 1933-06-09 | 1941-04-18 | Elisabeth Anita Krause | Duebel made of fibrous materials or similar materials and a protective agent in the wall hole |
-
1941
- 1941-04-20 DE DEK4063D patent/DE974267C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE74982C (en) * | FlCHET ET HEURTEY in Paris | Apparatus for overheating steam and air | ||
DE365810C (en) * | 1922-12-22 | Schultz Johannes | Suction gas generator with side feed of fuel | |
DE152690C (en) * | ||||
DE641369C (en) * | 1937-01-29 | Poetter G M B H | Process for the removal of high-phenol-containing gas water in generator systems | |
GB120717A (en) * | 1918-03-08 | 1919-09-09 | William Hart | Improvements in, and relating to, Suction Gas Plant. |
DE390436C (en) * | 1920-10-05 | 1924-02-19 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Process for cooling the iron shaft double jacket of gases operated with sub-steam by means of liquid moving in a circuit |
DE479868C (en) * | 1923-11-09 | 1929-07-25 | Raphael Malbay | Gas generator for the production of fuel gas, especially for the supply of internal combustion engines in motor vehicles |
DE564145C (en) * | 1929-05-14 | 1932-11-17 | Heinrich Koppers Akt Ges | Generator jacket |
AT128024B (en) * | 1929-09-18 | 1932-05-10 | Albert Ing Breisig | Process for the elimination of waste water containing phenols or similar impurities from coking plants, gas works, smelting plants and wood distillation plants by evaporation. |
FR727778A (en) * | 1930-11-28 | 1932-06-24 | Humphreys & Glasgow Ltd | Improvements in the production of combustible gas |
DE641267C (en) * | 1932-02-06 | 1937-01-26 | Hamburger Gaswerke Gmbh | Use and elimination of the ammonia-water vapor mixture passing over from the ammonia stripping columns of a coal degassing system |
DE699020C (en) * | 1933-06-09 | 1941-04-18 | Elisabeth Anita Krause | Duebel made of fibrous materials or similar materials and a protective agent in the wall hole |
DE666245C (en) * | 1935-10-11 | 1938-10-18 | Hansa Gas Generatoren G M B H | Vehicle gas generator with ascending gasification, which has a water evaporation chamber located in the upper part of the shaft |
DE685009C (en) * | 1936-05-09 | 1939-12-09 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Akt G | Steam generating system heated by engine exhaust gases to operate auxiliary steam engines on ships powered by gas generator engines |
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