DE958776C - Determination of filling height in bunkers - Google Patents

Determination of filling height in bunkers

Info

Publication number
DE958776C
DE958776C DEE3881A DEE0003881A DE958776C DE 958776 C DE958776 C DE 958776C DE E3881 A DEE3881 A DE E3881A DE E0003881 A DEE0003881 A DE E0003881A DE 958776 C DE958776 C DE 958776C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
bunkers
transmitter
receiver
determination
filling height
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEE3881A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Habil Erhard Ahrens
Dr-Ing Hans Fritz Schwenkhagen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELAC Electroacustic GmbH
Original Assignee
ELAC Electroacustic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ELAC Electroacustic GmbH filed Critical ELAC Electroacustic GmbH
Priority to DEE3881A priority Critical patent/DE958776C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE958776C publication Critical patent/DE958776C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/296Acoustic waves
    • G01F23/2962Measuring transit time of reflected waves

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur Füllböhenbestimmung in Bunkern für flüssiges Gut. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Bestimmung durch Echolotung im Füllgut selbst vorgenommen. The invention relates to a device for determining the filling level in bunkers for liquid goods. According to the invention, this determination is made by echo sounding made in the product itself.

Es können dabei bekannte Echolotungsverfahren angewendet werden, wobei die Schailsender oder Schallempfänger vorzugsweise eine scharfe Richtcharakteristik haben, was insbesondere von Bedeutung ist, wenn die Bunker eine große Tiefe bei geringer Breite haben. Dabei werden zur Erzielung einer scharfen Richtwirkung Ultraschallwellen für das Echolotverfahren verwendet, die beispielsweise mit magnetostriktiven Wandlern erzeugt oder empfangen werden können. Die magnetostriktiven Wandler haben den Vorteil großer Unempfindlichkeit gegen äußere Einflüsse aller Art. Es können jedoch bei geeigneter Konstruktion auch andere Wandler, insbesondere piezoelektrische, Verwendung finden, wobei die piezoelektrischen Elemente aus Kristallen des Quarzes, Seignettesalzes, Ammoniumphosphats oder anderer geeigneter Substanzen und insbesondere auch aus keramischen Substanzen bestehen können.Known echo sounding methods can be used, with the mail transmitter or sound receiver preferably has a sharp directional characteristic which is particularly important when the bunkers are of great depth have a narrow width. Ultrasonic waves are used to achieve a sharp directivity used for the echo sounding method, for example with magnetostrictive transducers can be generated or received. The magnetostrictive converters have the advantage great insensitivity to external influences of all kinds other transducers, in particular piezoelectric ones, are also used in a suitable construction find, the piezoelectric elements from crystals of quartz, Seignette salt, Ammonium phosphate or other suitable substances and in particular also made of ceramic Substances can exist.

Bei flüssigem Füllgut empfiehlt es sich, die Lotung von unten nach oben vorzunehmen, wobei die Schallgeber und Empfänger am Boden des Bunkers angebracht sind und der Schall vom Sender nach oben abgestrahlt wird. Der Schallstrabl wird dann durch Reflektionen an der Oberfläche des Füllguts zum Empfänger zurückgeworfen. In the case of liquid contents, it is advisable to plumb from below above, with the sounder and receiver attached to the bottom of the bunker and the sound is radiated upwards from the transmitter. The Schallstrabl will then thrown back to the recipient by reflections on the surface of the product.

Die geeigneten Betriebsfrequenzen und Impulsdauern für die Echolotvorrichtung sind abhängig von der gewünschten Mindestmeßtiefe. Um eine genügende Mindestmeßtiefe und Genauigkeit zu erreichen, dürfen die Frequenzen nicht zu niedrig gewählt werden. Dies gilt um so mehr, da die Schallgeschwindigkeit in Flüssigkeiten groß ist und im allgemeinen über IOOO m/sec liegt. The appropriate operating frequencies and pulse durations for the sonar device depend on the required minimum measuring depth. To a sufficient minimum measuring depth and to achieve accuracy, the frequencies must not be chosen too low. This is all the more true since the speed of sound in liquids is great and is generally over 10000 m / sec.

Es ist dabei zweckmäßig, die Frequenz der Ultraschallimpulse bei wenigstens IOO kHz und die Impulsdauer entsprechend kurz, beispielsweise 0, I m/sec zu wählen, so daß dann eine Mindestmelßtiefe von etwa IO cm ohne Schwierigkeit erreichbar ist. It is useful to set the frequency of the ultrasonic pulses at at least 100 kHz and the pulse duration correspondingly short, for example 0.1 m / sec to be selected so that a minimum measuring depth of about 10 cm can then be achieved without difficulty is.

Es können für die Erzeugung solcher Frequenzen sowohl magnetostriktive oder andere bekannte Schwinger verwendet werden. Bei erwünschter noch höherer Meßgenauigkeit und entsprechend höheren Frequenzen werden jedoch vorzugsweise Quarze benutzt. It can be both magnetostrictive for the generation of such frequencies or other known transducers can be used. If even higher measurement accuracy is required and correspondingly higher frequencies, however, crystals are preferably used.

Die Erfindung soll im folgenden an Hand der Figuren erläutert werden. The invention is to be explained below with reference to the figures.

In Fig. I ist ein Tank dargestellt, der bis zur Höhe H mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist. Unter dem Boden des Tanks ist ein Schwinger S-E eingebaut, der hier gleichzeitig als Sender und Empfänger arbeitet Die Lotung geschieht hierbei durch die Wandung des Tanks hindurch. In Fig. I, a tank is shown, which is up to height H with liquid is filled. A transducer S-E is installed under the bottom of the tank, the one here works as transmitter and receiver at the same time. The sounding is carried out here the wall of the tank through.

Die Anschaltung der Sende-Empfangs-Anlage an den Schwinger kann dabei in an sich bekannter Weise vorgenommen werden, wie dies in der Figur angedeutet ist, wobei G den Generator und V den Verstärker darstellt, die gemeinsam an die Klemmen des Senders - Empfängers angeschlossen sind. M bedeutet die an den Verstärker angeschlossene Meßvornchtung. The connection of the transceiver system to the transducer can thereby be carried out in a manner known per se, as indicated in the figure where G represents the generator and V the amplifier, which are jointly connected to the Terminals of the transmitter - receiver are connected. M means the one to the amplifier connected measuring device.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Ausführungsform dargestellt, wobei der Sender S von dem Generator G gespeist wird, während der davon getrennte Empfänger E mit dem Verstärker V verbunden ist, der an die nicht dargestellte Anzeigevorrichtung angeschlossen ist. Eine Verbindungsleitung von G nach M dient zur Markierung des Zeitpunktes der Impulsaussendung auf der Meßvorrichtung, wodurch der Nullpunkt der Zeitmessung festgelegt wird. In Fig. 2 an embodiment is shown, wherein the transmitter S is fed by the generator G, while the separate receiver E with the amplifier V is connected to the display device, not shown connected. A connecting line from G to M is used to mark the Time of the pulse transmission on the measuring device, whereby the zero point of the Timing is set.

Claims (4)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: I. Einrichtung zur Füllhöhenbestimmung in Bunkern für flüssiges Gut, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, daß eine Echolotung im Füllgut selbst vorgenommen wird. PATENT CLAIMS: I. Device for determining the filling height in bunkers for liquid material, characterized in that an echo sounder in the product itself is made. 2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Lotung von unten nach oben Sender bzw. Empfänger am Boden des Bunkers angeordnet sind. 2. Device according to claim I, characterized in that for plumbing from bottom to top transmitter or receiver are arranged at the bottom of the bunker. 3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch I oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein einziger Schwinger als Sender und Empfänger verwendet wird. 3. Device according to claim I or 2, characterized in that a single transducer is used as a transmitter and receiver. 4. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche I bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Sender und Empfänger außerhalb des Bunkers angebracht sind und die Lotung durch die Wandung hindurch erfolgt. 4. Device according to one of claims I to 3, characterized in that that the transmitter and receiver are installed outside the bunker and the sounding is carried out the wall takes place through it.
DEE3881A 1951-06-16 1951-06-16 Determination of filling height in bunkers Expired DE958776C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE3881A DE958776C (en) 1951-06-16 1951-06-16 Determination of filling height in bunkers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE3881A DE958776C (en) 1951-06-16 1951-06-16 Determination of filling height in bunkers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE958776C true DE958776C (en) 1957-02-21

Family

ID=7066051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEE3881A Expired DE958776C (en) 1951-06-16 1951-06-16 Determination of filling height in bunkers

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE958776C (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079596A (en) * 1960-03-17 1963-02-26 Duane E Atkinson Acoustic level sensing system
DE3023534A1 (en) * 1980-06-24 1982-01-21 Josef Heinrichs Meßgerätebau, 5000 Köln Liq. level indicator avoiding ultrasonic measurement amplitude maxima - by frequency modulation of transducer and using band-pass filter
DE3314224A1 (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-12-22 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Nagaokakyo, Kyoto PIEZOELECTRIC LEVEL DETECTOR
US4545245A (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-10-08 Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. Liquid level sensor using sonic methods
DE4240690A1 (en) * 1992-03-24 1993-09-30 Trippe Erich Ultrasonic transducer for contactless liquid level measurement - contains low impedance electroacoustic vibrator with frequency matched to container wall thickness
WO2003002285A2 (en) * 2001-05-08 2003-01-09 Fowler White Boggs Banker P A Continuous, pressurized mold filling process and casting machine for making automative and aerospace components

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079596A (en) * 1960-03-17 1963-02-26 Duane E Atkinson Acoustic level sensing system
DE3023534A1 (en) * 1980-06-24 1982-01-21 Josef Heinrichs Meßgerätebau, 5000 Köln Liq. level indicator avoiding ultrasonic measurement amplitude maxima - by frequency modulation of transducer and using band-pass filter
DE3314224A1 (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-12-22 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Nagaokakyo, Kyoto PIEZOELECTRIC LEVEL DETECTOR
US4545245A (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-10-08 Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. Liquid level sensor using sonic methods
DE4240690A1 (en) * 1992-03-24 1993-09-30 Trippe Erich Ultrasonic transducer for contactless liquid level measurement - contains low impedance electroacoustic vibrator with frequency matched to container wall thickness
WO2003002285A2 (en) * 2001-05-08 2003-01-09 Fowler White Boggs Banker P A Continuous, pressurized mold filling process and casting machine for making automative and aerospace components
WO2003002285A3 (en) * 2001-05-08 2004-11-11 David J Herron Continuous, pressurized mold filling process and casting machine for making automative and aerospace components

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