DE958324C - Lubricating oil - Google Patents

Lubricating oil

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Publication number
DE958324C
DE958324C DEN6265A DEN0006265A DE958324C DE 958324 C DE958324 C DE 958324C DE N6265 A DEN6265 A DE N6265A DE N0006265 A DEN0006265 A DE N0006265A DE 958324 C DE958324 C DE 958324C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
boric acid
lubricating oil
amount
octane number
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEN6265A
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German (de)
Inventor
David Lewis Cook
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij NV
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Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij NV
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Application filed by Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij NV filed Critical Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij NV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE958324C publication Critical patent/DE958324C/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

AUSGEGEBEN AM 14. FEBRUAR 1957ISSUED FEBRUARY 14, 1957

N6265 IVc j23 cN6265 IVc j23 c

SchmierölLubricating oil

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Mineralölen und synthetischen Ölen.The invention relates to lubricants based on mineral oils and synthetic oils Oil.

Die Octanzahl eines Benzins, welche bei einem verschmutzten Otto-Motor erforderlich ist, damit kein Klopfen auftritt (bezeichnet als »geforderte Octanzahl«), ist bekanntlich höher als die geforderte Octanzahl für einen gereinigten Motor. Im Hinblick hierauf hat man sich bemüht, Verbindungen zu entwickeln, welche dem Benzin zugesetzt werden können, um den Octanwert des Benzins zu erhöhen und auf diese Weise die höhere »geforderte Octanzahl« der verschmutzten Motoren zu erreichen. Im Gegensatz hierzu betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung Schmieröle, welche die Steigerung der »geforderten Octanzahl« eines Motors bei längerem Arbeiten verhindern.The octane number of a gasoline, which is required for a dirty Otto engine, with it no knocking occurs (referred to as the "required octane number"), is known to be higher than the required octane number Octane number for a cleaned engine. With this in mind, efforts have been made to establish connections to develop which can be added to gasoline to increase the octane value of the To increase gasoline and in this way the higher "required octane number" of the polluted Engines to achieve. In contrast, the present invention relates to lubricating oils, which prevent an increase in the "required octane number" of an engine when working for a long time.

Es ist gefunden worden, daß Schmieröle auf der Basis von Mineralölen und synthetischen Ölen, die eine untergeordnete Menge Borsäure enthalten, außerordentlich wertvolle Eigenschaften aufweisen; darunter besonders die Fähigkeit der Verhinderung oder mindestens einer wesentlichen Herabsetzung einer Steigerung in der geforderten Octanzahl bei Otto-Motoren. Diese Schmieröle vermögen auch die geforderte Octanzahl eines Motors herabzusetzen, welcher durch vorausgegangenes Laufen in Anwesenheit eines der üblichen Schmiermittel eine hohe geforderte Octanzahl erreicht hat.It has been found that lubricating oils based on mineral oils and synthetic oils, which contain a minor amount of boric acid, have extremely valuable properties; including in particular the ability to prevent or at least an essential one Reduction of an increase in the required octane number for Otto engines. These lubricating oils are capable of also reduce the required octane number of an engine, which by previous Running in the presence of one of the usual lubricants achieves a high required octane number Has.

Die organische Schmiermittelgrundlage in den erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen ist vorzugsweise ein mineralisches Schmieröl; es können aber auch synthetische organische Schmiermittel oder Gemische aus mineralischen ölen und synthetischen organischen Schmiermitteln verwendet werden.The organic lubricant base in the mixtures of the invention is preferred a mineral lubricating oil; but synthetic organic lubricants or mixtures can also be used Made from mineral oils and synthetic organic lubricants can be used.

Borsäure kann entweder in Lösung oder in Suspension in der Schmiermittelgrundlage fein dispergiert werden. Wenn man eine Lösung vonBoric acid can be fine either in solution or in suspension in the lubricant base be dispersed. When you get a solution from

ίο Borsäure in einem mineralischen öl herstellen will, ist im allgemeinen ein doppelseitiges Lösungsmittel für die Borsäure und das öl erforderlich, um eine wirksame höhere Konzentration der Borsäure in dem öl zu erreichen, da die Löslichkeit von Borsäure in Mineralöl sehr gering ist.ίο Prepare boric acid in a mineral oil a double-sided solvent is generally required for the boric acid and the oil, in order to achieve an effective higher concentration of boric acid in the oil since the solubility of boric acid in mineral oil is very low.

Suspensionen von Borsäure in der Schmiermittelgrundlage können entweder hergestellt werden, indem man die Borsäure in der Schmier-Suspensions of boric acid in the lubricant base can be made either by removing the boric acid in the lubricant

ao mittelgrundlage dispergiert, z. B. durch gemeinsames Vermählen der Komponenten in einer Farbmühle, Kolloidmühle od. dgl., oder durch Fällen der Borsäure aus einer übersättigten Lösung derselben in der Schmiermittelgrundlage, z. B. durchao medium base dispersed, e.g. B. by grinding the components together in a paint mill, Colloid mill or the like, or by precipitating boric acid from a supersaturated solution of the same in the lubricant base, e.g. B. by

as Kühlen. Nach einer anderen Ausführungsform kann eine bestimmte Menge Borsäure im Überschuß über ihre normale Löslichkeit mit Hilfe eines flüchtigen Hilfslösungsmittels in der Schmiermittelgrundlage gelöst werden, so daß sich beim Verdampfen des Hilfslösungsmittels eine übersättigte Lösung von Borsäure in der Schmiermittelgrundlage ergibt. Es muß dafür gesorgt werden, daß die suspendierten Teilchen der Borsäure genügend klein und in ausreichender Weise dispergiert sind, so daß das Gemisch nicht zum Agglomerieren, Absetzen oder Verstopfen von Ölleitungen, Filtern usw. neigt.as cooling. According to another embodiment can a certain amount of boric acid in excess of its normal solubility with the help of a volatile Auxiliary solvents are dissolved in the lubricant base, so that on evaporation of the co-solvent results in a supersaturated solution of boric acid in the lubricant base. It must be ensured that the suspended particles of boric acid are sufficiently small and are sufficiently dispersed that the mixture does not agglomerate, settle or clogging of oil lines, filters, etc.

Um die Suspension zu stabilisieren, können Dispergiermittel verwendet werden. Geeignete Dispergiermittel sind z. B. die Erdölsulfonate, insbesondere die Alkali- und Erdalkalierdölsulfonate, wie Natrium- oder Calciumerdölsulfonat, die Phosphatide, wie tierisches Lecithin, und die Teilester bzw. die vollständigen Ester ausDispersants can be used to stabilize the suspension. Suitable Dispersants are e.g. B. the petroleum sulfonates, especially the alkali and alkaline earth oil sulfonates, such as sodium or calcium petroleum sulfonate, the phosphatides such as animal lecithin, and the partial esters or the complete esters

•45 langkettigen Carbonsäuren und mehrwertigen Alkoholen, wie Glycerinmonooleat oder Glycerinsobitanlaureat. Die Konzentration des Dispergiermittels im Gemisch hängt von der Konzentration der zu dispergierenden Borsäure und von dem speziell verwendeten Dispergiermittel ab; sie liegt aber im allgemeinen zwischen etwa ο,οΐ und etwa io Gewichtsprozent, berechnet auf das gesamte Gemisch.• 45 long-chain carboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol monooleate or glycerol sobitan laureate. The concentration of the dispersant in the mixture depends on the concentration of the boric acid to be dispersed and on the specially used dispersants from; but it is generally between about ο, οΐ and about 10 percent by weight, calculated on the total mixture.

Im allgemeinen beträgt die Menge des Mineralöls oder der sonstigen organischen Schmiermittelgrundlage in den erfmdungsgemäßen Gemischen mindestens 90 Gewichtsprozent, z.B. 95% oder darüber, berechnet auf das Gesamtgemisch. Die Menge der darin dispergierten Borsäure beträgt gewöhnlich etwa 0,05 bis etwa 2 Gewichtsprozent, berechnet auf das Gesamtgemisch, obwohl für besondere Zwecke die Menge auch nur 0,01 °/o betragen kann.Generally, the amount of mineral oil or other organic lubricant base is in the mixtures according to the invention at least 90 percent by weight, e.g. 95% or above, calculated on the total mixture. The amount of boric acid dispersed therein is usually from about 0.05 to about 2 percent by weight, calculated on the total mixture, although for for special purposes the amount is only 0.01% can.

Die Gemische können auch beachtliche Mengen ariderer üblicher Zusatzstoffe, wie Antioxydationsmittel, Korrosionsverhinderer, Reinigungsmittel, Schlammverhinderer, Mittel zur Erniedrigung des Stockpunktes, Mittel zur Verhinderung des Schäumens, Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex, Farbstabilisatoren usw. enthalten.The mixtures can also contain considerable amounts of other common additives, such as antioxidants, Corrosion inhibitors, detergents, sludge inhibitors, agents for reducing the Pour point, means for preventing foaming, means for improving the viscosity index, Color stabilizers, etc. included.

Die nachstehenden Beispiele dienen zur näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung.The following examples serve to explain the invention in more detail.

BeispieliExample i

Ein einzylindriger Lauson-Motor wurde unter cyclischen Bedingungen in Betrieb gehalten. Der Cyclus bestand aus einem einminutigen Lauf mit voller Geschwindigkeit (1050 Umdrehungen pro Minute) und geschlossener Drosselklappe mit einem darauffolgenden dreiminutigen Lauf bei voller Geschwindigkeit und; halber Drosselung mit 0,3 kW Belastung. Die Temperatur des Wassermantels wurde auf etwa 72 und die Temperatur im ölsumpf auf etwa 68° gehalten. Die geforderte Octanzahl für den reinen Motor wurde zu 60 bestimmt. Nach Laufen mit Isooctantreibstoff und einem zusatzfreien SAE 30-Mineralschmieröl stieg die geforderte Octanzahl auf einen Gleichgewichtswert von 68. Das Schmiermittel ohne Zusatz wurde dann aus dem Kurbelgehäuse entfernt und ersetzt durch ein ähnliches Schmiermittel, welches 0,2 Gewichtsprozent Borsäure enthielt, die in dem öl durch· Vermählen in einer Farbmühle dispergiert worden war. Beim Betrieb des Motors mit dem borsäurehaltigen Schmiermittel ging die geforderte Octanzahl des Motors auf 60 zurück und blieb während weiterer 45 Stunden auf dieser Höhe. Wenn das borsäurehaltige öl aus dem Motor entfernt und der Motor wiederum mit einem öl ohne Zusatz in Betrieb gehalten wurde, stieg die gefor- ioo derte Octanzahl auf 70. A single cylinder Lauson engine was operated under cyclic conditions. The cycle consisted of a one-minute run at full speed (1050 revolutions per minute) with the throttle closed, followed by a three-minute run at full speed and ; half throttling with 0.3 kW load. The temperature of the water jacket was kept at about 72 and the temperature in the oil sump at about 68 °. The required octane number for the pure engine was determined to be 60. After running on isooctane fuel and an additive-free SAE 30 mineral lubricating oil, the required octane number rose to an equilibrium value of 68. The no- additive lubricant was then removed from the crankcase and replaced with a similar lubricant containing 0.2 percent by weight boric acid contained in the oil had been dispersed by grinding in a paint mill. When the engine was operated with the boric acid-containing lubricant, the required octane number of the engine fell to 60 and remained at this level for a further 45 hours. When the boric acid-containing oil was removed from the engine and the engine was operated again with an oil without an additive, the required octane number rose to 70.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Der vorstehend .beschriebene Versuch . wurde wiederholt mit dem Unterschied, daß die Temperatur des Wassermantels auf etwa 100 und die, Temperatur im ölsumpf auf etwa 1070 gehalten wurde. Wie bei Beispiel 1 wurde die geforderte Octanzahl, welche beim Laufen unter Verwendung eines Schmiermittels ohne Zusatz und mit Isooctantreibstofr gesteigert wurde, durch die Verwendung dies borsäurehaltigen Schmiermittels wieder herabgesetzt.The experiment described above. was repeated with the difference that the temperature of the water jacket was kept at about 100 and the temperature in the oil sump at about 107 0 . As in Example 1, the required octane number, which was increased when running using a lubricant without additives and with isooctane fuel, was reduced again by using this boric acid-containing lubricant.

Beispiel 3 llg Example 3 llg

Der Versuch nach Beispiel 2 wurde fortgesetzt, wobei aber an Stelle des Isooctantreibstoffes ein typischer Aütomobiltreibstoff mit 2,8 ecm Tetraäthylblei auf 3,780 1 verwendet wurde. Die geforderte Octanzahl blieb niedrig, solange das borsäurehaltige Schmiermittel verwendet wurde.The experiment according to Example 2 was continued, but instead of the isooctane fuel Typical automobile fuel with 2.8 ecm tetraethyl lead to 3.780 l was used. The required Octane number remained low as long as the boric acid containing lubricant was used.

Beispiel^Example ^

Die vorstehend beschriebenen Versuche, wurden unter Verwendung typischer Automobilschmiermittel durchgeführt, welche (neben Borsäure) dieThe experiments described above were carried out using typical automotive lubricants carried out which (in addition to boric acid) the

gewöhnlich verwendeten Reinigungsmittel, Antioxydationsmittel, Korrosionsverhinderer usw., enthielten. Es ergaben sich im wesentlichen die gleichen Resultate.commonly used detergents, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, etc. Essentially the same results were obtained.

Beispiel SExample p

Etwa p,2 Gewichtsprozent Borsäure wurden in einem mineralischen Schmieröl unter Verwendung von Calciumerdölsulfonaten in einer Menge vonAbout p.2 percent by weight boric acid has been used in a mineral lubricating oil of calcium petroleum sulfonates in an amount of

ίο o,2%, berechnet als Sulfatasche, dispergiert. Dieses Schmiermittel ergab bei Versuchen mit laufendem Motor nicht nur die üblichen ausgezeichneten Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der geforderten Octanzahl, sondern hatte auch gute Beständigkeitseigenschäften, da selbst nach langem Stehen kein merkliches Absetzen der Suspension eintrat.ίο 0.2%, calculated as sulfated ash, dispersed. This Lubricant not only gave the usual excellent results when the engine was running with regard to the required octane number, but also had good resistance properties, since no noticeable settling of the suspension occurred even after standing for a long time.

Die beschriebenen Schmieröle sind z. B. als Getriebeschmiermittel, Schmiermittel zum Ziehen u. dgl., verwendbar. In solchen Fällen können weitere Zusätze, wie Hochdruckzusatzstoffe, Mittel zur Verhinderung der Abnutzung usw.-, den Gemischen einverleibt werden.The lubricating oils described are z. B. as a gear lubricant, Lubricants for drawing and the like can be used. In such cases you can other additives, such as extreme pressure additives, agents to prevent wear, etc., the mixtures be incorporated.

Borsäure ist schon als die Schmierung verbessernder Zusatz zu schmierend wirkenden Lösungen vorgeschlagen worden, welche ein Umsetzungsprodukt' von Aluminiumchlorid und Alkalinitrit enthalten. Auf Grund dieser Wirkung in einem rein anorganischen Medium konnte nicht auf das Verhalten von Borsäure in Schmierölen auf organischer Basis in bezug auf das Problem der Herabsetzung der geforderten Octanzahl bei Otto-Motoren geschlossen werden.Boric acid is already used as a lubrication-improving additive to lubricating solutions has been proposed which is a reaction product 'of aluminum chloride and alkali metal nitrite contain. Due to this effect in a purely inorganic medium could not occur the behavior of boric acid in organic-based lubricating oils in relation to the problem of Reduction of the required octane number for Otto engines are closed.

Claims (4)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Schmieröl, bestehend aus einer überwiegenden Menge einer organischen Schmierölbasis aus einem mineralischen oder synthetischen Schmieröl und einer untergeordneten Menge Borsäure.1. Lubricating oil consisting of a predominant amount of an organic lubricating oil base from a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil and a minor amount of boric acid. 2. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die organische Schmierölbasis in einer Menge von mindestens 90 Gewichtsprozent, berechnet auf das Gesamtgemisch, enthält.2. Lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that that it contains the organic lubricating oil base in an amount of at least 90 percent by weight, calculated on the total mixture. 3. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Borsäure in einer Menge von 0,01 bis 2 Gewichteprozent, insbesondere in einer Menge von 0,05 bis 2 Gewichtsprozent, berechnet auf das Gesamtgemischi enthält. so3. Lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is boric acid in one Amount of 0.01 to 2 percent by weight, in particular in an amount of 0.05 to 2 percent by weight, calculated on the total mixture contains. so 4. Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es · zusätzlich eine geringe Menge eines Dispergiermittels enthält.4. Lubricating oil according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that it · additionally a contains a small amount of a dispersant. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Französische Patentschrift Nr. 889 610.Considered publications:
French patent specification No. 889 610. θ 609 57Ϊ/469 8.56 (609 797 2.57)θ 609 57Ϊ / 469 8.56 (609 797 2.57)
DEN6265A 1951-10-25 1952-10-24 Lubricating oil Expired DE958324C (en)

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FR1065749A (en) 1954-05-28
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