DE937806C - Paraffinic paper for the manufacture of electrical capacitors - Google Patents

Paraffinic paper for the manufacture of electrical capacitors

Info

Publication number
DE937806C
DE937806C DEB9518D DEB0009518D DE937806C DE 937806 C DE937806 C DE 937806C DE B9518 D DEB9518 D DE B9518D DE B0009518 D DEB0009518 D DE B0009518D DE 937806 C DE937806 C DE 937806C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
paraffin
paper
wax
paraffinic
manufacture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEB9518D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hubert Mansfeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to DEB9518D priority Critical patent/DE937806C/en
Priority claimed from DEV6296A external-priority patent/DE1219106B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE937806C publication Critical patent/DE937806C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H01M4/801—Sintered carriers
    • H01M4/803—Sintered carriers of only powdered material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/18—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising waxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/08—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/0005—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating
    • D21H5/006—Controlling or regulating
    • D21H5/0062—Regulating the amount or the distribution, e.g. smoothing, of essentially fluent material already applied to the paper; Recirculating excess coating material applied to paper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/281—Large cells or batteries with stacks of plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0014—Alkaline electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Description

- Mit Wachs oder Paraffin getränkte oder beschichtete Papiere sind bekanntlich wasserundurchlässig. Beim Aufbringen des Paraffins wird in der Regel so verfahren, daß man eine flüssige Paraffinschicht auf dem Papier an der Luft oder über Kühlwalzen erstarren oder aus Emulsionen oder Lösungen an der Luft auftrocknnen läßt. Auf diese Weise erhält man die bekannte kristalline Form des Paraffins, welche sehr luftdurchlässig ist. Zwischen ίο einem mit einer kristallinen Paraffinschicht versehenen und einem unbehandelten Papier wurde kein Unterschied in der Luftdurchlässigkeit gefunden. Kristalline Paraffinschichten haben meist ein trübes Aussehen, sie sind nicht glasklar und durchsichtig und an ihrer Oberfläche auch nicht ganz glatt.- Soaked or coated with wax or paraffin Papers are known to be impermeable to water. When applying the paraffin is in the As a rule, proceed in such a way that a liquid paraffin layer is left on the paper in the open air or over it Cooling rolls solidify or dry from emulsions or solutions in the air. To this In this way, the well-known crystalline form of paraffin is obtained, which is very air-permeable. Between ίο one with a crystalline paraffin layer and an untreated paper, no difference in air permeability was found. Crystalline paraffin layers usually have a cloudy appearance, they are not crystal clear and transparent and not entirely smooth on their surface.

Zur Verwendung in elektrischen Kondensatoren, die luft- und feuchtigkeitsfrei sein und deren dielektrische Zwischenlagen auch eine glatte Oberfläche haben sollen, sind derartige Papiere nicht geeignet. For use in electrical capacitors that are free of air and moisture and their dielectric If intermediate layers should also have a smooth surface, such papers are not suitable.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man wachs- oder paraffingetränkte Papiere mit verbesserten Eigenschaften, insbesondere geringerer Luftdurchlässigkeit, erhält, wenn gemäß der Erfindung der Wachs- oder Paraffinstoff unterhalb seines Schmelzpunktes unter Druck aufgebracht ist. Im Gegensatz zum gewöhnlich kristallinen Paraffin wird eine auf diese Weise aufgebrachte Paraffinschicht als amorph bezeichnet. Ein mit amorphem Paraffin getränktes Papier hat ein glasklares Aussehen und eine bisher nicht bekannte Undurchlässigkeit für Luft. Bei einem 8μ starken Natronpapier von der SatinageA wurde durch das Aufbringen einer amorphen Paraffinschicht von etwa $μ Dicke eine Verbesserung der Luftundurchlässigkeit um den Faktor 100 erzielt. Gemäß der weiteren Erfindung wird das amorphe Paraffin durch Umwandlung der kristallinen in die amorphe Form gewonnen. Unter dem Mikroskop kann beobachtet werden, daß die meisten Paraffine etwa 10 bis 150 unterhalb ihres Schmelzpunktes beim Erstarren Luft aufnehmen. Läßt man das Paraffin abkühlen, so findet unter Wärmeentwicklung eine weitere Volumenänderung statt, wobei die Luft, die im Paraffin in echter Lösung vorhanden ist, entweicht. Die mikroskopisch zu beobachtende uneinheitliche kristalline Struktur wird durch die Entstehung von luftgefüllten Hohlräumen, welche auch das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in die Schicht begünstigen, noch vergrößert.It has now been found that papers impregnated with wax or paraffin having improved properties, in particular lower air permeability, are obtained if, according to the invention, the wax or paraffin is applied under pressure below its melting point. In contrast to the usually crystalline paraffin, a paraffin layer applied in this way is referred to as amorphous. A paper soaked with amorphous paraffin has a crystal clear appearance and a previously unknown impermeability to air. In the case of 8μ thick soda paper from SatinageA, an amorphous paraffin layer about $ μ thick was used to improve the airtightness by a factor of 100. According to the further invention, the amorphous paraffin is obtained by converting the crystalline into the amorphous form. Under the microscope it can be observed that most paraffins absorb air about 10 to 15 ° below their melting point when they solidify. If the paraffin is allowed to cool down, a further change in volume takes place with the development of heat, with the air that is present in the paraffin in real solution escaping. The non-uniform crystalline structure that can be observed microscopically is enlarged by the formation of air-filled cavities, which also encourage moisture to penetrate the layer.

Darauf ist auch das trübe Aussehen und die wenig glatte Oberfläche kristalliner Paraffinschichten zurückzuführen. Die Umwandlung des Paraffins von der kristallinen in die amorphe Modifikation kann beispielsweise derart erfolgen, daß eine mit flüssigem Paraffin versehene Papierbahn mit der Schicht über feststehende Walken gezogen wird, während beim Erkalten eine Temperatur von etwa 10 bis 150 unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes durchschritten wird.This is also the reason for the cloudy appearance and the not very smooth surface of crystalline paraffin layers. The conversion of the paraffin from the crystalline to the amorphous modification can for example take place in such a way that a paper web provided with liquid paraffin with the layer is drawn over fixed rollers, while a temperature of about 10 to 150 below the melting point is passed during cooling.

Die schematische Zeichnung zeigt einen Schichtträger i, der durch eine Tauchwalze 2 aus dem Paraffinbad 3 mit Paraffin beschichtet wird. Eine halbzylindrische Walze 4, über die das Papier gezogen wird, übt auf die erkaltende Paraffinschicht einen Druck aus, der vom Umschlingungswinkel und von der Geschwindigkeit der Papierbahn abhängig ist. The schematic drawing shows a layer support i, which by a dip roller 2 from the Paraffin bath 3 is coated with paraffin. A semi-cylindrical roller 4 over which the paper is drawn , exerts a pressure on the cooling paraffin layer that corresponds to the angle of wrap and depends on the speed of the paper web.

Nach dieser Behandlung bei der Umwandlungstemperatur liegt die Paraffinschicht offenbar in amorpher Form vor. Die Umwandlung ist aber an einen bestimmten Temperaturbereich gebunden.After this treatment at the transition temperature, the paraffin layer appears to be in amorphous form. However, the conversion is tied to a certain temperature range.

Wird ein derartiges Papier leicht erwärmt, so daß die Paraffinschicht zum Schmelzen kommt, so nimmt es beim Erstarren und Wiederabkühlen an der Luft ein trübes Aussehen an, ein Zeichen dafür, daß wieder eine Rückbildung von der amorphen in die kristalline Modifikation des Paraffins stattgefunden hat.If such a paper is heated slightly so that the paraffin layer comes to melt, so it takes on a cloudy appearance when it solidifies and cools down in the air, a sign that that again a regression from the amorphous to the crystalline modification of the paraffin took place Has.

Um den Druck auch bestimmt in dem Temperaturbereich wirken zu lassen, in welchem die_ Umwandlung vor sich gehen kann, ist es zweckmäßig, die Papierbahn über mehrere hintereinander angeordnete Walzen gehen zu lassen. Dadurch ist die zeitliche Erfassung der Umwandlungstemperatur gewährleistet.In order to let the pressure also act in the temperature range in which the transformation can go on, it is expedient to spread the paper web over several one behind the other Let the rollers go. This means that the transition temperature is recorded over time guaranteed.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE:PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Mit Wachs oder Paraffin behandeltes Papier zur Herstellung von elektrischen Kondensatoren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wachs- oder Paraffinstoff unterhalb seines Schmelzpunktes unter Druck aufgebracht ist.1. Paper treated with wax or paraffin for the production of electrical capacitors, characterized in that the wax or paraffin below his Melting point is applied under pressure. 2. Mit Wachs oder Paraffin getränktes oder beschichtetes Papier nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der angewendete Wachsoder Paraffinstoff durch Umwandlung der kristallinen in die amorphe Form gewonnen ist.2. With wax or paraffin impregnated or coated paper according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the wax or paraffin used by converting the crystalline is extracted into the amorphous form.
DEB9518D 1942-01-10 1942-01-10 Paraffinic paper for the manufacture of electrical capacitors Expired DE937806C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB9518D DE937806C (en) 1942-01-10 1942-01-10 Paraffinic paper for the manufacture of electrical capacitors

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB9518D DE937806C (en) 1942-01-10 1942-01-10 Paraffinic paper for the manufacture of electrical capacitors
DEV6296A DE1219106B (en) 1953-09-19 1953-09-19 Sintered framework electrodes for alkaline batteries

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE937806C true DE937806C (en) 1956-01-12

Family

ID=25964887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEB9518D Expired DE937806C (en) 1942-01-10 1942-01-10 Paraffinic paper for the manufacture of electrical capacitors

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE937806C (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE663139C (en) * 1932-06-04 1938-07-29 Sylvania Ind Corp Process for the production of water- or water-vapor-impermeable thin coatings from wax or wax-like substances
DE702867C (en) * 1937-05-29 1941-02-18 Marathon Paper Mills Company Process for covering tearable strip-shaped materials with a wax-rubber mixture that is plastic in the heat

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE663139C (en) * 1932-06-04 1938-07-29 Sylvania Ind Corp Process for the production of water- or water-vapor-impermeable thin coatings from wax or wax-like substances
DE702867C (en) * 1937-05-29 1941-02-18 Marathon Paper Mills Company Process for covering tearable strip-shaped materials with a wax-rubber mixture that is plastic in the heat

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