DE919839C - Method and device for the production and post-treatment of threads, bundles of threads, fibers and the like. like - Google Patents

Description

Process and device for the production and post-treatment of threads, Thread bundles, fibers and the like. For the production and post-treatment of threads, strands, Ribbons, fibers, and the like, numerous types of devices have been developed. During the precipitation (coagulation) of the threads emerging from the spinneret Wet spinning process, except in spinning threads (in the case of copper silk), probably always in one larger bath takes place, the follow-up treatment can be continuous both on-going Thread or in the fiber fleece as well as discontinuously on bobbins, in the strand, etc. made will. As continuous types of post-treatment, in particular, the guiding of the Threads etc. by means of transport rollers or endless belts through baths, post-treatment des on a roller or a z. B. set roller pair screw @ benf @ örmyg guided Thread by dipping or sprinkling, sprinkling the in loops: form on one Conveyor belt, turntable or the like. Filed thread, Lias collecting a loose thread thread in the bathroom entrance in. found the technology. It is also used in the aftercare of Artificial threads are known to guide the threads in helically wound tubes. Furthermore, horizontal or inclined treatment troughs have already been proposed, which the. Offer the advantage that the thread bundle is not pressed, so the ball fluid enters the thread bundle and the individual threads more easily. gentler are treated a'Ls when guiding: on a test surface.

It has now been found that not only the otherwise required large Avoid expansion, but rather new advances: eilh, eighth wiiiiiu be obtained if the individual aftertreatment stages in helical or spiral wound open Grooves are made in which the thread or the thread bundle `` from the flowing Bath liquid is performed.

For legs, such gullies result, as in the following shown, numerous possible modifications that allow the type of Thread treatment, especially that of the liquid on the thread by friction The traction exerted can be varied as desired within a treatment level. at appropriate arrangement of the individual wet treatment devices, it is also possible . Driven management organs (godets, squeegee rollers, etc .; during the gas office Wet treatment Young switch off. In addition, since the devices are small and clearly laid out are and easily made of any material -, can earn and because the The items to be treated are guided automatically, which is primarily for: the piecing Is of importance, the advantages are obvious.

For the screw channels to work properly, all that is required is that the channel at each point the flow of the same amount of liquid in the Time unit allows. The flow rate is equal to the product of the flow cross-section and flow velocity. Since the channel shapes (width and height) at every point its length can be kept according to the flow cross-section, so is the Flow speed variable as required. The change in flow velocity is given as the difference between the acceleration: igun; g (proportional to the gradient) and the Delay caused by the sum of all frictional forces (internal friction, capillary action, Centrifugal effect, etc.). So if you choose at any point in the gutter the gradient is so great that the frictional forces are just compensated one has a constant flow rate; the channel cross-section must also be accordingly remain unchanged. However, if the gradient is greater, e.g. B. inherently constant, so that the acceleration outweighs the decelerating, this results in z. B. steadily increasing flow velocity, so that the inner cross-section decreases accordingly should be trained. Conversely, if the deceleration forces predominate, So with klenerzr height of rise of the screw or spiral (or no Ste, -urig), a delay in the flow occurs, which is caused by a corresponding enlargement of the cross-section To take into account. were.

Basically there are two options for the liquid supply at the top of the gutter: i. with an impulse in the tangential direction (i.e. corresponding to the further flow), 2. without an impulse vector in the direction of flow. In the latter case, the initial velocity of the bath in the channel is zero, and in order to quickly reach the desired flow velocity, it is necessary to make the initial part correspondingly steep. Neglecting the frictional forces z. B. a height of 1 1, 5 cm necessary to the liquid from zero to 9o m / min. to bring., So with a 3 m channel length a slope of about 3. $ / i oo. With such a uniformly accelerated movement, the flow rate is proportional to the square root of the distance covered, so that the Rinn@enquers.ch section in this starting ax should be kept approximately inversely proportional to the root of the distance from the starting point. If the liquid is supplied correctly (i.e. tangentially) in the future flow with your sufficient momentum, this acceleration of the apparatus does not apply.

At the initial acceleration part, e.g. B. another Connect the treatment section with a constant flow rate. Under neglect there should then be no gradient for the decelerating forces, d. H. so that in the practical case the gradient is chosen to be just large enough for the deceleration forces be compensated. How great the gradient must be depends primarily on it Line following the channel cross-section and the radius of curvature of the screw.

From this it can be seen that with an acceleration as great as First mentioned above, the individual screw turns must be attached to one another. can (like the coils of a cylindrical compression spring), while at low Slope, the individual turns are inclined to each other, so the device .about the shape of a cone (if the liquid is routed from the center outwards :) or Tn.cht@ers (with liquid flow from: outside to inside).

The device according to the invention for wet handling is used endlessly running threads or strands of thread, the difference between the flow velocity has an effect and "the thread delivery speed as the tensile force on the thread and can, ivemi this is in a plastic state (e.g. during coagulation or when using special, z. B. 'hot stretching baths), used for stretching will. In general, the thread is taut 'through' the faster flowing bath. In contrast, the thread bundle is braked and opened when the flow speed (preferably quickly and below the Eadienlaufgeschwindigl, -eit) is reduced. Consequently are also the previously common special devices for opening the Thread bundles (oscillating roller pairs, rotating at different speeds Galettes, etc., are not required in the process according to the invention. This advantage is particularly noticeable when treating thick strands of thread with 1-cup treatment.

For normal wet post-treatment (copper removal, desulfurization, bleaching, Washing, etc.) you can z. B. first grasp the thread in the faster flowing bath, then in the main part of the screw channel with the bath slowly flowing, i.e. open Rope of thread, treat well and finally again with one of the thread delivery speed Strämungsgeschwind% speed exceeding a little tautly from the device and forward the next treatment course. An oscillating loosening and tightening of the thread bundle for the purpose of a good rinsing too the next internal rankings can also be achieved in a simple manner by that the screw or spiral axis (perpendicular to the turns) is not perpendicular stands, but is slightly inclined, so that the liquid in each case in the one W. half of the estuary flows uphill as a result of its vital force and is strongly braked in the process becomes (pendulum principle).

But it is also possible to use the bath liquid while the whole To let the treatment path flow considerably slower than the thread delivery speed corresponds, and to feed the thread by means of a Changüervorriichtung so that it is in the form of loose loops with the flow velocity of the liquid is passed through the gutter. With the appropriate acceleration on the outlet part if desired, the thread for easing and equalizing the trigger be transferred from the loop shape to the stretched shape.

But also for Naßbehandlun.g short fibers, z. B. rayon, is that Process according to the invention suitable. Those of the gutter through legs or a funnel Fibers fed in inclined plane under irrigation move with the speed the liquid through the channel and are at the lower end, z. B. on one The endless sieve belt through which the bath liquid passes is collected and the forwarded to the next treatment stage.

As already noted, the inventive method is not only suitable for post-treatment of finished threads and fibers, but can also be used directly at the first stage of wet spinning, namely precipitation and coagulation the spinning liquid emerging from the nozzle. In doing so, (similar the funnel spinning process of the copper silk) the clamping nozzle into the slowly flowing Immerse the bath of the uppermost screw or spiral part; due to a steep gradient the bath is accelerated rapidly, making the thread on the scale of progressive Coagulation is increasingly stretched. After sufficient solidification, the The current will be delayed and the yellow bundle will be fully regenerated. Here too are many variations to adapt to the respective thread, tensioning solution and felling bath composition and possible depending on the desired thread properties.

In the case of an apparatus comprising several wet treatment stages, the screw or spiral rings of the individual stages are arranged one below the other so that the thread runs continuously from top to bottom. the individual treatments was led. Instead, the individual devices can also be placed next to one another be arranged, the thread over pulleys (loose or driven) or Conveyor belts are fed to the next stage.

The inventive method is for all types of thread and fiber applicable in the course of their manufacture and / or post-treatment of a wet treatment be subjected to e.g. B. Coagulation and regeneration of viscose or copper silk, Precipitation of the threads from solutions of polyamide, P.oilyacrylnitri1, polyester, etc. after the wet spinning process, drawer in special baths (e.g. at higher Temperature), copper removal, desulphurisation, bleaching, washing, sizing, etc. The item to be treated can be present as a monofilament thread, as a multi-thread thread or as a thicker strand. The strength of the strand to be treated determines the minimum cross-section of the Groove and the minimum size of the radius of curvature of the screw or spiral.

The gutter can be made of metal, plastic or other suitable material manufactured and as a self-supporting screw or spiral, if necessary with a supporting frame provided, be formed. S # i_e can also be on a continuous Sit on the support surface (body of revolution m :: t approximate cone or triangular shape) and is then expediently poured, pressed, eaten or out together with the support surface Milled to the full. This formation is "because of the round. And. Compact Shape significantly reduces the risk of breakage, so that material can also be used that is too fragile for self-supporting gutters (such as glass; earthenware or the like), but because of its chemical resistance to the often highly aggressive pens Bath liquids appear advantageous.

In the drawings, for example, are some embodiments shown schematically, namely Fig. i shows a helical short channel, Fig. 2 a predominantly conical spiral groove, Fig. 3 a predominantly funnel-shaped Spiral channel, Fig. 4 the impulse-free liquid supply bet a channel according to Fig. 2 (iun vertical section and in plan view) and FIG. 5 the liquid supply with Impulse (under supervision).

According to FIG. I, the channel i is guided downwards in a helical manner; at 2 the bath liquid flows to and through the funnel 5 in the lower end of the screw away. The thread 8 is fed through the guide funnel 7 at the top and at the bottom horizontally withdrawn from the steeper downwardly deviating channel. Corresponding The cross-section of the channel increases with the constantly increasing flow velocity from top to bottom (not shown in the figure).

FIG. 2 shows a tapered, conical channel to which the liquid is fed without pulses. The liquid supply is shown in Fig. 4a in vertical section and in Fig. 4b in an enlarged view. The grooves (a to o) are milled into your support body i; 2 is the liquid supply with distributor plate 3; 4 is: an overflow to regulate the bath level and 5 is the associated drainage pipe. The gutter is over a, b, c. . . u downwards, from a to h with a steep gradient and a correspondingly smaller cross-section. In the channel valley i, i ', the gradient just compensates for the deceleration forces, so that the flow velocity a and therefore also the cross-sections in this section remain constant. The channel part k, k 'runs without a slope; since this reduces the flow velocity. the grooves are correspondingly wider. At the front, 1 to o, the liquid is strongly accelerated again when the inner cross-section is reduced and at the end of the edge at o through the pipe 6 ixt the drain 5 is passed. The thread 8 is introduced through the Trkhtex 7 into the channel part b , grasped by the liquid flowing more rapidly from b to lt and passed through i, i '. tightly guided. In the delay part k, k 'loosens the thread bundle and is then in the. Channel sections 1, rn, in straightened again and at n horizontal. and tangentially 'pulled out of the channel running further down to o to be fed to the next treatment stiffener ..

FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 4b, only the supply pipe 2 is horizontal bent over and guided at 2a in the direction of flow of the spiral bath, so that the inflowing Bath liquid already has a momentum vector in the direction of flow. Through this the acceleration part (b to g in FIG. 2) can be omitted and the device smaller - The reverse of the structure shown in Fig. 2 is shown in Fig. 3: The grooves a to o are pressed into a funnel-shaped support body. At 2 the liquid is fed in and discharged through the funnel 5 at the bottom. The string 8 emerges from the support body l at the bottom after passing through the spiral groove a to o and is fed to the next treatment stage via the loose reversing roller 9.

In: the schematic drawings, the gutter walls are as vertical flat surfaces shown. The actual shape of the gutter (three-quarter circle or inside. Inclined outer wall or the like.) Siech in each individual case according to the centrifugal forces occurring at the respective flow rates, to prevent the bath liquid from being thrown out.

The snorting or spiral grooves are held down so that they are freely accessible from above and easily overlooked. For piecing he needs Workers only after starting the fluid flow to the incoming one Thread. (e.g. through the guide funnel 7) into the channel to intercept it below and to the next channel, etc. waste can. not during piecing occur, since any excess thread in the channel is automatically drawn: will.

As can be seen from the above, the space requirement is also for large channels only slightly. The devices are easy to manufacture and allow easy operation a thread-friendly wet treatment with stretching, Shrinkage, etc. both with single threads and with thick bundles of threads.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for manufacturing and post-treatment. from Threads, thread ribbons, fibers and the like, characterized in that the individual wet treatment stages in screw or spiral wound, open, grooves are made, in which the material to be treated is guided by the flowing bath liquid. 2. Device for performing the method according to claim i, characterized by one with constant or varying pitch in the form of a screw or a conical or Trichier-shaped spiral, well-groomed channel with liquid inlet and outlet, whereby the channel cross-section roughly inversely proportional to the respective flow rate is, as well as a thread feed line in the upper part and a thread discharge line in the lower part the gutter. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the liquid., Eitsstand in the supply part of the screw or spiral adjustable by a line overflow device is. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 and, 3, characterized in that the bath liquid is fed tangentially with a momentum vector in the flow direction -the treatment liquid. Attached publications: Swiss patent specifications No. 2 56 8 14, 273357-